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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-11 17:36:28 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:52:31 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0030381
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB30381
Metabolite Identification
Common NameRoquefortine
DescriptionRoquefortine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrroloindoles. Pyrroloindoles are compounds containing a pyrroloindole moiety, which is a tricyclic heterocycle which consists of a pyrrole ring fused to an indole. Pyrrole is 5-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. Indole is a bicyclic compound consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered nitrogen-containing pyrrole ring. Roquefortine C is a mycotoxin that belongs to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines produced by various fungi, particularly species from the genus Penicillium. Roquefortine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Outside of the human body, roquefortine has been detected, but not quantified in, milk and milk products. This could make roquefortine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. It was first isolated from a strain of Penicillium roqueforti, a species commercially used as a source of proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes during maturation of the blue-veined cheeses, Roquefort, Danish Blue, Stilton and Gorgonzola. Although it is a potent neurotoxin at high doses, at low concentrations of 0.05 to 1.47 mg/kg that occur in domestic cheeses, it was found to be "safe for the consumer". It is also considered as one of the most important fungal contaminants of carbonated beverages, beer, wine, meats, cheese and bread. Both have been synthesised. In addition to these toxic properties, roquefortine C reportedly possesses bacteriostatic activity against gram-positive bacteria, but only in those organisms containing haemoproteins. Roquefortine C contains the unusual E-dehydrohistidine moiety, a system that typically undergoes facile isomerization under acidic, basic, or photochemical conditions to isoroquefortine C, the 3,12 double-bond Z-isomer of roquefortine C.However isoroquefortine C is not a natural product and in contrast to roquefortine C does not bind iron. The mechanisms underlying its toxicity and metabolism have been investigated by studying its interaction with mammalian Cytochrome P450.
Structure
Data?1563861976
Synonyms
ValueSource
Roquefortine CHMDB
RoquefortinHMDB
Isoroquefortine CHMDB
RoquefortineMeSH
Chemical FormulaC22H23N5O2
Average Molecular Weight389.4503
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight389.185175005
IUPAC Name(4E)-4-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-10(15),11,13-triene-3,6-dione
Traditional Name(4E)-4-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-10(15),11,13-triene-3,6-dione
CAS Registry Number58735-64-1
SMILES
CC(C)(C=C)C12CC3N(C1NC1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)\C(NC3=O)=C/C1=CNC=N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C22H23N5O2/c1-4-21(2,3)22-10-17-18(28)25-16(9-13-11-23-12-24-13)19(29)27(17)20(22)26-15-8-6-5-7-14(15)22/h4-9,11-12,17,20,26H,1,10H2,2-3H3,(H,23,24)(H,25,28)/b16-9+
InChI KeySPWSUFUPTSJWNG-CXUHLZMHSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrroloindoles. Pyrroloindoles are compounds containing a pyrroloindole moiety, which is a tricyclic heterocycle which consists of a pyrrole ring fused to an indole. Pyrrole is 5-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. Indole is a bicyclic compound consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered nitrogen-containing pyrrole ring.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassIndoles and derivatives
Sub ClassPyrroloindoles
Direct ParentPyrroloindoles
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Pyrroloindole
  • Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
  • Indole
  • Dihydroindole
  • Dioxopiperazine
  • 2,5-dioxopiperazine
  • Secondary aliphatic/aromatic amine
  • N-alkylpiperazine
  • 1,4-diazinane
  • Piperazine
  • Benzenoid
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Pyrrole
  • Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Lactam
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary amine
  • Azacycle
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point195 - 200 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.11 g/LALOGPS
logP3.07ALOGPS
logP1.55ChemAxon
logS-3.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.7ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)6.04ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area90.12 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity111.18 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability41.53 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M-2H]-220.18330932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+195.33730932474
AllCCS[M+H]+194.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+192.232859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+197.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+198.032859911
AllCCS[M-H]-195.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-195.332859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-195.332859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
RoquefortineCC(C)(C=C)C12CC3N(C1NC1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)\C(NC3=O)=C/C1=CNC=N15154.7Standard polar33892256
RoquefortineCC(C)(C=C)C12CC3N(C1NC1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)\C(NC3=O)=C/C1=CNC=N13255.9Standard non polar33892256
RoquefortineCC(C)(C=C)C12CC3N(C1NC1=C2C=CC=C1)C(=O)\C(NC3=O)=C/C1=CNC=N13880.4Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Roquefortine,1TMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123493.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123312.6Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123430.2Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123254.8Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123687.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123496.3Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123323.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123239.2Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123551.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123461.7Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123545.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123387.0Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,3TMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123442.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,3TMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123334.5Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TBDMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123738.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TBDMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123541.3Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TBDMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123635.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TBDMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123460.2Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TBDMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123947.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,1TBDMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123706.9Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TBDMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123733.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TBDMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=C[NH]C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123630.6Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TBDMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C124004.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TBDMS,isomer #2C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123868.4Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TBDMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123968.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,2TBDMS,isomer #3C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1NC1=CC=CC=C123775.9Standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,3TBDMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C124042.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Roquefortine,3TBDMS,isomer #1C=CC(C)(C)C12CC3C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)/C(=C/C4=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=N4)C(=O)N3C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C123905.3Standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Roquefortine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001r-2913000000-176e78d8b0008c96c04c2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Roquefortine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0009000000-056dceae120713e3c6c32017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-006x-0009000000-c140adabaa40d6a940872017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-056r-9561000000-6869346a9432a2cc5c172017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0009000000-222a2527c0e685c215952017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-3393000000-d4461e4bae68a6cb8ef32017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a6r-4950000000-7f095e0b11568f1f31512017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0009000000-a6b45c36b5d0ee9f2c8e2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01ox-0009000000-aab292de038f44ae84302021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0601-0379000000-67ca9aa810d1e2bec0712021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0009000000-70d5e544e37f0fee62ef2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0009000000-b035d02196095486523c2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Roquefortine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014l-2769000000-c617e00c2c056c7974752021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB002232
KNApSAcK IDC00011251
Chemspider ID10696908
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkRoquefortine C
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5935070
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .