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Showing metabocard for (S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid (HMDB0000023)

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IdentificationTaxonomyOntologyPhysical propertiesSpectraBiological propertiesConcentrationsLinksReferencesenzymes (6) Show 6 proteinsXML
enzymes (6) Show 6 proteins
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:14:27 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000023
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0000435
  • HMDB00023
  • HMDB00435
  • HMDB0062640
  • HMDB0126088
  • HMDB62640
Metabolite Identification
Common Name(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid
Description(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid (3-HIBA) (CAS: 2068-83-9) is an organic acid. 3-HIBA is an intermediate in L-valine metabolism. 3-HIBA plays an important role in the diagnosis of the very rare inherited metabolic diseases 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria (OMIM: 236795 ) and methylmalonic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (OMIM: 603178 ). Patients with 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria excrete a significant amount of 3-HIBA not only during the acute stage but also when stable. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric aciduria is caused by a 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (PMID: 18329219 ). The severity of this disease varies from case to case. Most patients exhibit dysmorphic features, such as a small triangular face, a long philtrum, low set ears, and micrognathia (PMID: 10686279 ). Lactic acidemia is also found in the affected patients, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved. 3-HIBA appears to specifically inhibit the function of the respiratory chain complex I-III and mitochondrial creatine kinase (PMID: 18329219 ). BioTransformer predicts that 3-HIBA is a product of 2-methylpropanoic acid metabolism via a hydroxylation-of-terminal-methyl reaction catalyzed by CYP2B6 and CYP2E1 enzymes (PMID: 30612223 ).
Structure
Data?1676999667
MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)


  Mrv1652306242019402D          

  7  6  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
10000.0234 9999.7990    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.308710000.2111    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.738110000.2111    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.0234 9998.9737    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.5940 9999.7990    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.308710001.0362    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10001.4559 9999.7990    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  0  0  0  0
  1  4  1  6  0  0  0
  2  5  1  0  0  0  0
  2  6  2  0  0  0  0
  3  7  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
Download

3D MOL for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)

HMDB0000023
     RDKit          3D
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid
 15 14  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -0.3559    1.5180   -0.1100 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.1376    0.1493    0.4689 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5975   -0.9442   -0.4933 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9484   -0.8334   -0.7899 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2954   -0.1161    0.7590 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7216   -0.3782    1.9012 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1774   -0.0639   -0.3055 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4134    1.8228    0.0112 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2562    2.2420    0.4585 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0858    1.5442   -1.1710 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7353   -0.0027    1.3962 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4138   -1.9142   -0.0006 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0286   -0.8901   -1.4544 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.4576   -1.2771   -0.0536 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.7232   -0.8564   -0.6167 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  2  5  1  0
  5  6  2  0
  5  7  1  0
  1  8  1  0
  1  9  1  0
  1 10  1  0
  2 11  1  1
  3 12  1  0
  3 13  1  0
  4 14  1  0
  7 15  1  0
M  END
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3D SDF for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)


  Mrv1652306242019402D          

  7  6  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
10000.0234 9999.7990    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.308710000.2111    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.738110000.2111    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.0234 9998.9737    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.5940 9999.7990    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.308710001.0362    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10001.4559 9999.7990    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  0  0  0  0
  1  4  1  6  0  0  0
  2  5  1  0  0  0  0
  2  6  2  0  0  0  0
  3  7  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0000023

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
C[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C4H8O3/c1-3(2-5)4(6)7/h3,5H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)/t3-/m0/s1

> <INCHI_KEY>
DBXBTMSZEOQQDU-VKHMYHEASA-N

> <FORMULA>
C4H8O3

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
104.1045

> <EXACT_MASS>
104.047344122

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
3

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
15

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
9.981369504774722

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
(2S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-0.47

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-0.26059474566666674

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
0.74

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
0

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
-1

> <JCHEM_PKA>
15.518589741896943

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
4.365338407814565

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-2.6927927583619056

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
57.53

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
23.6198

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
5.71e+02 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
(S)-3-hydroxyisobutyric acid

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$
Download

3D-SDF for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)

HMDB0000023
     RDKit          3D
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid
 15 14  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -0.3559    1.5180   -0.1100 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.1376    0.1493    0.4689 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5975   -0.9442   -0.4933 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9484   -0.8334   -0.7899 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2954   -0.1161    0.7590 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7216   -0.3782    1.9012 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1774   -0.0639   -0.3055 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4134    1.8228    0.0112 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2562    2.2420    0.4585 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0858    1.5442   -1.1710 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7353   -0.0027    1.3962 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4138   -1.9142   -0.0006 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0286   -0.8901   -1.4544 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.4576   -1.2771   -0.0536 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.7232   -0.8564   -0.6167 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  2  5  1  0
  5  6  2  0
  5  7  1  0
  1  8  1  0
  1  9  1  0
  1 10  1  0
  2 11  1  1
  3 12  1  0
  3 13  1  0
  4 14  1  0
  7 15  1  0
M  END
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PDB for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 24-JUN-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   24-JUN-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0    8666.7108666.291   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0    8665.3768667.061   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0    8668.0448667.061   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0    8666.7108664.751   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  O   UNK     0    8664.0428666.291   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    6  O   UNK     0    8665.3768668.601   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    7  O   UNK     0    8669.3848666.291   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    2    3    4                                                  
CONECT    2    1    5    6                                                  
CONECT    3    1    7                                                       
CONECT    4    1                                                            
CONECT    5    2                                                            
CONECT    6    2                                                            
CONECT    7    3                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    7    0   12    0
END
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3D PDB for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)

COMPND    HMDB0000023
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1      -0.356   1.518  -0.110  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  C2  UNL     1      -0.138   0.149   0.469  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C3  UNL     1      -0.598  -0.944  -0.493  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  O1  UNL     1      -1.948  -0.833  -0.790  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    5  C4  UNL     1       1.295  -0.116   0.759  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  O2  UNL     1       1.722  -0.378   1.901  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    7  O3  UNL     1       2.177  -0.064  -0.305  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    8  H1  UNL     1      -1.413   1.823   0.011  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM    9  H2  UNL     1       0.256   2.242   0.458  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   10  H3  UNL     1      -0.086   1.544  -1.171  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   11  H4  UNL     1      -0.735  -0.003   1.396  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   12  H5  UNL     1      -0.414  -1.914  -0.001  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H6  UNL     1      -0.029  -0.890  -1.454  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H7  UNL     1      -2.458  -1.277  -0.054  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H8  UNL     1       2.723  -0.856  -0.617  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2    8    9   10
CONECT    2    3    5   11
CONECT    3    4   12   13
CONECT    4   14
CONECT    5    6    6    7
CONECT    7   15
END
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SMILES for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)

C[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O
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INCHI for HMDB0000023 ((S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid)

InChI=1S/C4H8O3/c1-3(2-5)4(6)7/h3,5H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)/t3-/m0/s1
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View in JSmolView Stereo Labels
Synonyms
ValueSource
(S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acidChEBI
(S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acidChEBI
(S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoateGenerator
(S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropionateGenerator
(S)-3-HydroxyisobutyrateGenerator
2-Methyl-L-(+)-hydracrylateHMDB
2-Methyl-L-(+)-hydracrylic acidHMDB
3-Hydroxy(iso)butyric acidHMDB
3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-(S)-propanoateHMDB
3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-(S)-propanoic acidHMDB
3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoateHMDB
3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acidHMDB
3-Hydroxy-isobutyrateHMDB
3-HydroxyisobutyrateHMDB
3-Hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
(2S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acidHMDB
(2S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acidHMDB
(S)-beta-Hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
(S)-Β-hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
(±)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acidHMDB
(±)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acidHMDB
2-(Hydroxymethyl)propanoic acidHMDB
2-(Hydroxymethyl)propionic acidHMDB
2-Methyl-3-hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
2-Methyl-3-hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
3-HIBAHMDB
3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acidHMDB
DL-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
L-(+)-beta-Hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
L-(+)-Β-hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
beta-Hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
Β-hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
3-Hydroxy-2-isobutyrateHMDB
3-Hydroxy-2-isobutyric acidHMDB
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaC4H8O3
Average Molecular Weight104.1045
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight104.047344122
IUPAC Name(2S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid
Traditional Name(S)-3-hydroxyisobutyric acid
CAS Registry Number26543-05-5
SMILES
C[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H8O3/c1-3(2-5)4(6)7/h3,5H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)/t3-/m0/s1
InChI KeyDBXBTMSZEOQQDU-VKHMYHEASA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as beta hydroxy acids and derivatives. Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the C3 carbon atom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassHydroxy acids and derivatives
Sub ClassBeta hydroxy acids and derivatives
Direct ParentBeta hydroxy acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Beta-hydroxy acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility571 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.47ALOGPS
logP-0.26ChemAxon
logS0.74ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.37ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area57.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity23.62 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability9.98 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+121.12431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-115.65331661259
AllCCS[M+H]+126.80532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-124.49432859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+118.73230932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-115.92230932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-152.40230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+127.1730932474
AllCCS[M+H]+126.832859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+122.532859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+130.832859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+132.032859911
AllCCS[M-H]-124.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-128.432859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-132.832859911

Predicted Retention Times

Underivatized

Chromatographic MethodRetention TimeReference
Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022.1.7 minutes32390414
Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 20229.3202 minutes33406817
Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 20223.82 minutes32390414
AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid207.3 seconds40023050
Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid836.1 seconds40023050
Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid350.1 seconds40023050
Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid59.6 seconds40023050
Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid221.1 seconds40023050
RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid64.8 seconds40023050
Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid273.1 seconds40023050
BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid267.7 seconds40023050
HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate)346.0 seconds40023050
UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid603.2 seconds40023050
BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid110.5 seconds40023050
UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid807.5 seconds40023050
SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid209.6 seconds40023050
RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid263.3 seconds40023050
MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate601.0 seconds40023050
KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA282.1 seconds40023050
Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water299.3 seconds40023050

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acidC[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O2050.5Standard polar33892256
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acidC[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O932.7Standard non polar33892256
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acidC[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O1017.4Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid,1TMS,isomer #1C[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O1085.9Semi standard non polar33892256
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid,1TMS,isomer #2C[C@@H](CO)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1020.5Semi standard non polar33892256
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid,2TMS,isomer #1C[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1170.4Semi standard non polar33892256
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1C[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O1328.6Semi standard non polar33892256
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2C[C@@H](CO)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1255.6Semi standard non polar33892256
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1C[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1592.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified20.0 (4.0-48.0) uMChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified21.0 +/- 2.0 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified18.0 +/- 18.0 (0 - 36) uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected and Quantified1.23 +/- 0.71 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal
    • Zerihun T. Dame, ...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified29.0 (11.8-59.8) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
UrineDetected and Quantified8.1-18 umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)Male
Normal		 details
UrineDetected and Quantified6.9-13.4 umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)Female
Normal		 details
UrineDetected and Quantified10.0-15.9 umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)Female
Normal		 details
UrineDetected and Quantified10-17.0 umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)Male
Normal		 details
UrineDetected and Quantified<95 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 18 years old)Both
Normal
    • BC Children's Hos...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified13.39 +/- 6.588 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 13 years old)Not Specified
Normal
    • Analysis of 30 no...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified14.5 (5.5-28.7) umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified11 (4.1-19) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified13.0 (2.0-24.0) umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified25.4 (10.2 -33.5) umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified7.8 (3.8-25.1) umol/mmol creatinineAdolescent (13-18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified8.5 (4.9-17.1) umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified38.0 +/- 5.0 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Diabetes 		details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer		 details
UrineDetected and Quantified17.5 (2.0-33.0) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)Both3-Hydroxyisobutyric aciduria
    • MetaGene: Metabol...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified225.0 (60.0-390.0) umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1-13 years old)Both3-Hydroxyisobutyric Aciduria
    • MetaGene: Metabol...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified12.772 +/- 10.179 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 13 years old)Not Specified
Eosinophilic esophagitis
    • Analysis of 30 no...
 details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Diabetes mellitus type 2
  1. Avogaro A, Bier DM: Contribution of 3-hydroxyisobutyrate to the measurement of 3-hydroxybutyrate in human plasma: comparison of enzymatic and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assays in normal and in diabetic subjects. J Lipid Res. 1989 Nov;30(11):1811-7. [PubMed:2614280 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  2. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
3-Hydroxyisobutyric aciduria
  1. G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
Eosinophilic esophagitis
  1. Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB021877
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID389707
KEGG Compound IDC06001
BioCyc IDCPD-12175
BiGG ID37034
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN ID483
PubChem Compound440873
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID37373
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH ID3HMP
MarkerDB IDMDB00000012
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceRobison, Robert S.; Doremus, Michael G.L-(+)-b-Hydroxyisobutyric acid by fermentation. U.S. (1986), 5 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Yoshida I, Sweetman L, Kulovich S, Nyhan WL, Robinson BH: Effect of lipoic acid in a patient with defective activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, and branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase. Pediatr Res. 1990 Jan;27(1):75-9. [PubMed:2104971 ]
  2. Liebich HM, Dotzauer A, Tetschner B: Gas chromatographic determination of oxo- and hydroxycarboxylic acids in serum and urine of diabetic and normal subjects. J Chromatogr. 1989 May 12;468:157-65. [PubMed:2732286 ]
  3. Podebrad F, Heil M, Beck T, Mosandl A, Sewell AC, Bohles H: Stereodifferentiation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric- and 3-aminoisobutyric acid in human urine by enantioselective multidimensional capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta. 2000 Feb 25;292(1-2):93-105. [PubMed:10686279 ]
  4. Chitayat D, Meagher-Villemure K, Mamer OA, O'Gorman A, Hoar DI, Silver K, Scriver CR: Brain dysgenesis and congenital intracerebral calcification associated with 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria. J Pediatr. 1992 Jul;121(1):86-9. [PubMed:1625099 ]
  5. Landaas S: Accumulation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid, 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in ketoacidosis. Clin Chim Acta. 1975 Oct 15;64(2):143-54. [PubMed:126826 ]
  6. Hoffmann GF, Meier-Augenstein W, Stockler S, Surtees R, Rating D, Nyhan WL: Physiology and pathophysiology of organic acids in cerebrospinal fluid. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(4):648-69. [PubMed:8412012 ]
  7. Djoumbou-Feunang Y, Fiamoncini J, Gil-de-la-Fuente A, Greiner R, Manach C, Wishart DS: BioTransformer: a comprehensive computational tool for small molecule metabolism prediction and metabolite identification. J Cheminform. 2019 Jan 5;11(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s13321-018-0324-5. [PubMed:30612223 ]
  8. Viegas CM, da Costa Ferreira G, Schuck PF, Tonin AM, Zanatta A, de Souza Wyse AT, Dutra-Filho CS, Wannmacher CM, Wajner M: Evidence that 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid inhibits key enzymes of energy metabolism in cerebral cortex of young rats. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2008 May-Jun;26(3-4):293-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2008.01.007. Epub 2008 Feb 7. [PubMed:18329219 ]

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. Sulfotransferase family cytosolic 2B member 1
General function:
Involved in sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:
Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs and xenobiotic compounds. Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Sulfates hydroxysteroids like DHEA. Isoform 1 preferentially sulfonates cholesterol, and isoform 2 avidly sulfonates pregnenolone but not cholesterol.
Gene Name:
SULT2B1
Uniprot ID:
O00204
Molecular weight:
39598.595
Reactions
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid → 2-methyl-3-(sulfooxy)propanoic aciddetails
Enzyme Details
2. Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
EHHADH
Uniprot ID:
Q08426
Molecular weight:
69153.26
Reactions
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid + NAD → (S)-Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Enzyme Details
3. Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Plays an essential role in the mitochondrial beta-oxidation of short chain fatty acids. Exerts it highest activity toward 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA.
Gene Name:
HADH
Uniprot ID:
Q16836
Molecular weight:
36035.11
Reactions
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid + NAD → (S)-Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Enzyme Details
4. 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
HIBADH
Uniprot ID:
P31937
Molecular weight:
35328.515
Reactions
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid + NAD → 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid + NADHdetails
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid + NAD → (S)-Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Enzyme Details
5. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
Gene Name:
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P22309
Molecular weight:
59590.91
Reactions
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid → 6-(2-carboxy-2-methylethoxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic aciddetails
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid → 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl)oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic aciddetails
Enzyme Details
6. 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Hydrolyzes 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA (HIBYL-CoA), a saline catabolite. Has high activity toward isobutyryl-CoA. Could be an isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase that functions in valine catabolism. Also hydrolyzes 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA.
Gene Name:
HIBCH
Uniprot ID:
Q6NVY1
Molecular weight:
43481.935
Reactions
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + Water → Coenzyme A + (S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric aciddetails
(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + Water → Coenzyme A + (S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric aciddetails