| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:06 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0000848 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0062532
- HMDB00848
- HMDB62532
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Stearoylcarnitine |
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| Description | Stearoylcarnitine, also known as acylcarnitine C18:0, is a fatty ester lipid molecule. It is found in significantly greater amounts of patients with carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) II deficiency when compared to controls (PMID:15653102 ). Stearoylcarnitine is also found to be associated with celiac disease, another inborn error of metabolism. The carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT; EC 2.3.1.21) enzyme system, in conjunction with acyl-CoA synthetase and carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase, provides the mechanism whereby long-chain fatty acids are transferred from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix to undergo beta-oxidation (OMIM: 600650 ). Stearoylcarnitine is considered to be practically insoluble in water and acidic. |
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| Structure | CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@H](CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C InChI=1S/C25H49NO4/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-25(29)30-23(21-24(27)28)22-26(2,3)4/h23H,5-22H2,1-4H3/t23-/m1/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (-)-Stearoylcarnitine | ChEBI | | (R)-Octadecanoylcarnitine | ChEBI | | (R)-Stearoylcarnitine | ChEBI | | Acylcarnitine C18:0 | ChEBI | | L-Stearoylcarnitine | ChEBI | | O-Octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine | ChEBI | | O-Octadecanoyl-R-carnitine | ChEBI | | O-Stearoyl-L-carnitine | ChEBI | | Octadecanoylcarnitine | ChEBI | | 3-(Octadecanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate | HMDB | | O-Octadecanoylcarnitine | HMDB | | 3-(Octadecanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoic acid | HMDB | | (R)-3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-[(1-oxooctadecyl)oxy]-1-propanaminium inner salt | HMDB | | L-(3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-ammonium stearate hydroxide inner salt | HMDB | | L-Stearic acid ester with (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt | HMDB | | Octadecanoyl-L-carnitine | HMDB | | Stearoyl-L-carnitine | HMDB | | Stearoylcarnitine | ChEBI |
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| Chemical Formula | C25H50NO4 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 428.677 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 428.373435514 |
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| IUPAC Name | (3R)-3-(octadecanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate |
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| Traditional Name | stearoylcarnitine |
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| CAS Registry Number | 25597-09-5 |
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| SMILES | CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@H](CC(O)=O)C[N+](C)(C)C |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C25H49NO4/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-25(29)30-23(21-24(27)28)22-26(2,3)4/h23H,5-22H2,1-4H3/p+1/t23-/m1/s1 |
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| InChI Key | FNPHNLNTJNMAEE-HSZRJFAPSA-O |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Fatty Acyls |
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| Sub Class | Fatty acid esters |
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| Direct Parent | Acyl carnitines |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Acyl-carnitine
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Tetraalkylammonium salt
- Quaternary ammonium salt
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Carboxylic acid salt
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboxylic acid
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic salt
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections| Adduct Type | Data Source | CCS Value (Å2) | Reference |
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| [M+H]+ | MetCCS_train_pos | 221.133 | 30932474 |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 10.14 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 20.7662 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 3.22 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 62.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2932.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 248.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 256.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 181.1 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 638.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 941.2 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 851.7 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 600.0 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2306.6 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 627.0 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2286.4 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 552.2 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 514.8 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 308.6 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 143.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 8.2 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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| Spectra |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | - Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- Membrane
- Mitochondria
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.080 +/- 0.004 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.04 +/- 0.01 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.04 +/- 0.01 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.020-0.070 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.020-0.070 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 0.64 +/- 0.56 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 0.24 +/- 0.13 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.0-0.07 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.01(0.0-0.1) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Female | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.01(0.0-0.02) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Male | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.076 +/- 0.004 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Celiac disease | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.0258 (0.018) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Pregnancy with fetus having congenital heart defect | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.0371 (0.0085) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Pregnancy | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.036 +/- 0.012 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Obesity | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.040 +/- 0.013 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Obesity | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | | Celiac disease |
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- Bene J, Komlosi K, Gasztonyi B, Juhasz M, Tulassay Z, Melegh B: Plasma carnitine ester profile in adult celiac disease patients maintained on long-term gluten free diet. World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Nov 14;11(42):6671-5. [PubMed:16425363 ]
| | Pregnancy |
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- Bahado-Singh RO, Ertl R, Mandal R, Bjorndahl TC, Syngelaki A, Han B, Dong E, Liu PB, Alpay-Savasan Z, Wishart DS, Nicolaides KH: Metabolomic prediction of fetal congenital heart defect in the first trimester. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Sep;211(3):240.e1-240.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.03.056. Epub 2014 Apr 1. [PubMed:24704061 ]
| | Obesity |
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- Simone Wahl, Christina Holzapfel, Zhonghao Yu, Michaela Breier, Ivan Kondofersky, Christiane Fuchs, Paula Singmann, Cornelia Prehn, Jerzy Adamski, Harald Grallert, Thomas Illig, Rui Wang-Sattler, Thomas Reinehr (2013). Metabolomics reveals determinants of weight loss during lifestyle intervention in obese children. Metabolomics.
| | Colorectal cancer |
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- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
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| Associated OMIM IDs | |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB022278 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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| Chemspider ID | Not Available |
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| KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | 1585824 |
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| Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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| METLIN ID | 5811 |
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| PubChem Compound | 52922056 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 84644 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | MDB00000265 |
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| Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Zhou, Qingzhong. Synthesis of branched-chain analogs of stearoyl carnitine and tests for their abilities to inhibited protein kinase C. Beijing Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban (1992), 28(2), 143-9. |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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| General References | - Kamimori H, Hamashima Y, Konishi M: Determination of carnitine and saturated-acyl group carnitines in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Anal Biochem. 1994 May 1;218(2):417-24. [PubMed:8074302 ]
- Minkler PE, Ingalls ST, Hoppel CL: High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of acylcarnitines following derivatization with 4'-bromophenacyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. Anal Biochem. 1990 Feb 15;185(1):29-35. [PubMed:2344045 ]
- Minkler PE, Kerner J, North KN, Hoppel CL: Quantitation of long-chain acylcarnitines by HPLC/fluorescence detection: application to plasma and tissue specimens from patients with carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II deficiency. Clin Chim Acta. 2005 Feb;352(1-2):81-92. [PubMed:15653102 ]
- Bell FP: Carnitine esters: novel inhibitors of plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase in experimental animals but not in man (Homo sapiens). Int J Biochem. 1983;15(2):133-6. [PubMed:6822312 ]
- Fingerhut R, Roschinger W, Muntau AC, Dame T, Kreischer J, Arnecke R, Superti-Furga A, Troxler H, Liebl B, Olgemoller B, Roscher AA: Hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency: acylcarnitine profiles in blood spots are highly specific. Clin Chem. 2001 Oct;47(10):1763-8. [PubMed:11568084 ]
- Zhang AQ, Mitchell SC, Ayesh R, Smith RL: Determination of trimethylamine and related aliphatic amines in human urine by head-space gas chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1992 Dec 23;584(2):141-5. [PubMed:1484098 ]
- Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
- Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
- Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
- Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
- Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.
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