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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:15:42 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001432
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0060259
  • HMDB01432
  • HMDB60259
Metabolite Identification
Common NameAgmatine
DescriptionAgmatine ((4-aminobutyl)guanidine, NH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-C(-NH2)(=NH)) is the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine and is an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis. It is a putative neurotransmitter. It is synthesized in the brain, stored in synaptic vesicles, accumulated by uptake, released by membrane depolarization, and inactivated by agmatinase. Agmatine binds to 2-adrenergic receptor and imidazoline binding sites, and blocks NMDA receptors and other cation ligand-gated channels. Agmatine inhibits nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and induces the release of some peptide hormones. Treatment with exogenous agmatine exerts neuroprotective effects in animal models of neurotrauma.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(4-Aminobutyl) guanidineChEBI
(4-Aminobutyl)guanidineChEBI
N-(4-Aminobutyl)guanidineChEBI
(4-Aminobutyl)-guanidineHMDB
1-(4-Aminobutyl)guanidineHMDB
1-Amino-4-guanidinobutaneHMDB
1-Amino-4-guanidobutaneHMDB
4-Guanidino-1-butanamineHMDB
AgmatiniumHMDB
ArgmatineHMDB
N-(Aminoiminomethyl)-1,4-butanediamineHMDB
N-4-AminobutylguanidineHMDB
1 Amino 4 guanidinobutaneHMDB
4-(Aminobutyl)guanidineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC5H14N4
Average Molecular Weight130.1915
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight130.121846468
IUPAC NameN-(4-aminobutyl)guanidine
Traditional Nameagmatine
CAS Registry Number306-60-5
SMILES
NCCCCNC(N)=N
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H14N4/c6-3-1-2-4-9-5(7)8/h1-4,6H2,(H4,7,8,9)
InChI KeyQYPPJABKJHAVHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as guanidines. Guanidines are compounds containing a guanidine moiety, with the general structure (R1R2N)(R3R4N)C=N-R5.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic nitrogen compounds
ClassOrganonitrogen compounds
Sub ClassGuanidines
Direct ParentGuanidines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Guanidine
  • Carboximidamide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary amine
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Imine
  • Amine
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+Baker129.96230932474
[M+H]+MetCCS_train_pos128.16130932474
[M+H]+Not Available128.5http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000538
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Mitochondria
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Brain
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  2. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB08838
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB008310
KNApSAcK IDC00001400
Chemspider ID194
KEGG Compound IDC00179
BioCyc IDAGMATHINE
BiGG ID34153
Wikipedia LinkAgmatine
METLIN ID3523
PubChem Compound199
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17431
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDAGM
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Halaris A, Piletz JE: Relevance of imidazoline receptors and agmatine to psychiatry: a decade of progress. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Dec;1009:1-20. [PubMed:15028565 ]
  2. Feng Y, Halaris AE, Piletz JE: Determination of agmatine in brain and plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1997 Apr 11;691(2):277-86. [PubMed:9174263 ]
  3. Atlas D: Molecular and physiological properties of clonidine-displacing substance. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1995 Jul 12;763:314-24. [PubMed:7677341 ]
  4. Zhao S, Wang B, Yuan H, Xiao D: Determination of agmatine in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with optical fiber light-emitting-diode-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A. 2006 Aug 4;1123(1):138-41. Epub 2006 Jul 3. [PubMed:16820162 ]
  5. Thiele I, Swainston N, Fleming RM, Hoppe A, Sahoo S, Aurich MK, Haraldsdottir H, Mo ML, Rolfsson O, Stobbe MD, Thorleifsson SG, Agren R, Bolling C, Bordel S, Chavali AK, Dobson P, Dunn WB, Endler L, Hala D, Hucka M, Hull D, Jameson D, Jamshidi N, Jonsson JJ, Juty N, Keating S, Nookaew I, Le Novere N, Malys N, Mazein A, Papin JA, Price ND, Selkov E Sr, Sigurdsson MI, Simeonidis E, Sonnenschein N, Smallbone K, Sorokin A, van Beek JH, Weichart D, Goryanin I, Nielsen J, Westerhoff HV, Kell DB, Mendes P, Palsson BO: A community-driven global reconstruction of human metabolism. Nat Biotechnol. 2013 May;31(5):419-25. doi: 10.1038/nbt.2488. Epub 2013 Mar 3. [PubMed:23455439 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Decarboxylates L-arginine to agmatine. Truncated splice isoforms probably lack activity.
Gene Name:
ADC
Uniprot ID:
Q96A70
Molecular weight:
49979.185
Reactions
L-Arginine → Agmatine + CO(2)details
L-Arginine → Agmatine + Carbon dioxidedetails
General function:
Involved in agmatinase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AGMAT
Uniprot ID:
Q9BSE5
Molecular weight:
37660.065
Reactions
Agmatine + Water → Putrescine + Ureadetails
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Probably transports organic cations. Appears not to be the agmatine transporter
Gene Name:
SLC22A15
Uniprot ID:
Q8IZD6
Molecular weight:
60539.5