Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-05-22 15:12:24 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:30 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0002994 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0094689
- HMDB02994
- HMDB94689
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Erythritol |
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Description | Erythritol is a sugar alcohol (or polyol), used as a food additive and sugar substitute. It is naturally occurring and is made from corn using enzymes and fermentation. Its formula is C4H10O4, or HO(CH2)(CHOH)2(CH2)OH; specifically, one particular stereoisomer with that formula. Erythritol is 60–70% as sweet as sucrose (table sugar), yet it is almost noncaloric and does not affect blood sugar or cause tooth decay. Erythritol occurs widely in nature and has been found to occur naturally in several foods including wine, sake, beer, watermelon, pear, grape, and soy sauce. Evidence indicates that erythritol also exists endogenously in the tissues and body fluids of humans and animals. Erythritol is absorbed from the proximal intestine by passive diffusion in a manner similar to that of many low molecular weight organic molecules which do not have associated active transport systems. The rate of absorption is related to their molecular size. It passes through the intestinal membranes at a faster rate than larger molecules such as mannitol or glucose. In diabetics, erythritol has also been shown to be rapidly absorbed and excreted unchanged in the urine. Following absorption, ingested erythritol is rapidly distributed throughout the body and has been reported to occur in hepatocytes, pancreatic cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Erythritol also has been reported to cross the human placenta and to pass slowly from the plasma into the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (PMID:9862657 ). Erythritol is found to be associated with ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C4H10O4/c5-1-3(7)4(8)2-6/h3-8H,1-2H2/t3-,4+ |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2R,3S)-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol | ChEBI | Erythrit | ChEBI | Erythrite | ChEBI | Erythro-tetritol | ChEBI | Erythrol | ChEBI | L-Erythritol | ChEBI | MESO-erythritol | ChEBI | Mesoerythritol | ChEBI | Phycite | ChEBI | Phycitol | ChEBI | 1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol | HMDB | Antierythrite | HMDB | Butanetetrol | HMDB | C*Eridex | HMDB | Erythroglucin | HMDB | I-erythritol | HMDB | L-(-)-Threitol | HMDB | L-Threitol | HMDB | Lichen sugar | HMDB | Meso-eythritol | HMDB | Paycite | HMDB | Tetrahydroxybutane | HMDB | 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroxybutane | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C4H10O4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 122.1198 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 122.057908808 |
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IUPAC Name | (2R,3S)-butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol |
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Traditional Name | erythritol |
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CAS Registry Number | 149-32-6 |
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SMILES | OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C4H10O4/c5-1-3(7)4(8)2-6/h3-8H,1-2H2/t3-,4+ |
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InChI Key | UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Sugar alcohols |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Sugar alcohol
- Secondary alcohol
- Polyol
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary alcohol
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Not Available | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 121.5 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | 330.00 to 331.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 610 mg/mL at 22 °C | Not Available | LogP | -2.29 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Erythritol,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO | 1315.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)CO | 1280.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,1TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)CO | 1280.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,1TMS,isomer #4 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CO | 1315.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H](O)CO | 1385.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1381.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[Si](C)(C)C | 1408.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TMS,isomer #4 | C[Si](C)(C)O[C@@H](CO)[C@@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1356.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TMS,isomer #5 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1381.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TMS,isomer #6 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](O)CO | 1385.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1438.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H](O)CO[Si](C)(C)C | 1455.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1455.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TMS,isomer #4 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1438.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,4TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1506.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO | 1554.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)CO | 1531.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,1TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)CO | 1531.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,1TBDMS,isomer #4 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CO | 1554.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@H](O)CO | 1812.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1817.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1818.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TBDMS,isomer #4 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)O[C@@H](CO)[C@@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1832.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TBDMS,isomer #5 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1817.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,2TBDMS,isomer #6 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](O)CO | 1812.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2119.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@H](O)CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2097.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2097.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,3TBDMS,isomer #4 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@H](CO)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2119.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Erythritol,4TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2338.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0gba-0930000000-dc2d1a78c7a0457d1e5e | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-MS (4 TMS) | splash10-0gb9-0950000000-0284cb64008968df5b85 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0gba-0960000000-e3c06af410ada4c51c35 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0gba-0930000000-dc2d1a78c7a0457d1e5e | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0gb9-0950000000-0284cb64008968df5b85 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-03di-9000000000-83a8654b82fe1d2a6b5e | 2017-08-28 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-MS (4 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0ab9-7249000000-2b2a68afd8e4a9b09f96 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Erythritol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-01ox-9000000000-3ac2b797c104b943b1d7 | 2018-05-25 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-05tr-9500000000-c66e9c2cdca98e1a3073 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0006-9000000000-8c8289ff9dce6ace80fb | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0006-9000000000-9a74ea83fa64739762c7 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol NA , negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-0977660000-980b1600279271fd2359 | 2020-07-21 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol n/a 8V, negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-4fe19533227dfec09d04 | 2020-07-21 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 0V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-0900000000-0cbbbbc44cf97b2ea7f9 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 0V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-0900000000-948580de674ae2465726 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 0V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-1900000000-03dd3eb75814753c7dd8 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 1V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-2900000000-e0bdb19395892dbf87fe | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 1V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-3900000000-6d0568d8fc874a1395a1 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 1V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-5900000000-b8fd7722fd366e306d83 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 2V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9700000000-986ad1d639ba9b797f68 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 2V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9300000000-9d2ec013afa970d97ce1 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 3V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9100000000-7bc378bdb49e237807d3 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 3V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-cba6793c794a22d5688e | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol Orbitrap 4V, negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-7d0b3257438b54283d7a | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol n/a 8V, negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-3900000000-e73f20eee360d9f91e3d | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol n/a 8V, negative-QTOF | splash10-05fr-9000000000-556e5bf5855545978335 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol n/a 8V, negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-063b6d0b520fb710203c | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-2900000000-b21b0229b3cca7a445e1 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03k9-9500000000-793c9703aa07422f1014 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01pd-9000000000-c17f1bba91d64dbd9f41 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-7900000000-12421f1c391587323fb6 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-05fr-9400000000-45979a06d5c9cf0240d8 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Erythritol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9000000000-e4d3d8da279144816016 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | - Cytoplasm (predicted from logP)
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Biospecimen Locations | - Blood
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- Feces
- Saliva
- Urine
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Tissue Locations | - Epidermis
- Placenta
- Prostate
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 4.10 +/- 1.64 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | <5.738 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 2.3 (0.0-5.0) uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 37.0 (29.0-45.0) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 12 - 33 uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 60.0 +/- 23.0 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 149 +/- 30 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 93 +/- 28 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 51 +/- 18 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 33.4 (6.8-64.0) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 80.328 +/- 114.754 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Uremia | | details | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 0.0 - 5.0 uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Both | Ribose-5-Phosphate Isomerase Deficiency | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Bladder cancer | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Uremia |
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- Vanholder R, De Smet R, Glorieux G, Argiles A, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Clark W, Cohen G, De Deyn PP, Deppisch R, Descamps-Latscha B, Henle T, Jorres A, Lemke HD, Massy ZA, Passlick-Deetjen J, Rodriguez M, Stegmayr B, Stenvinkel P, Tetta C, Wanner C, Zidek W: Review on uremic toxins: classification, concentration, and interindividual variability. Kidney Int. 2003 May;63(5):1934-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00924.x. [PubMed:12675874 ]
| Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency |
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- Huck JH, Verhoeven NM, Struys EA, Salomons GS, Jakobs C, van der Knaap MS: Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency: new inborn error in the pentose phosphate pathway associated with a slowly progressive leukoencephalopathy. Am J Hum Genet. 2004 Apr;74(4):745-51. Epub 2004 Feb 25. [PubMed:14988808 ]
| Colorectal cancer |
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- Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | - 608611 (Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency)
- 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | DB04481 |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB000371 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00001161 |
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Chemspider ID | 192963 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C00503 |
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BioCyc ID | ERYTHRITOL |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Erythritol |
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METLIN ID | 140 |
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PubChem Compound | 222285 |
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PDB ID | MRY |
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ChEBI ID | 17113 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | MDB00000407 |
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Good Scents ID | rw1257251 |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | New Synthesis of Natural and of Racemic Erythrite. Pariselle, H. Compt. rend. (1910), 150 1343-6. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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General References | - Verhoeven NM, Huck JH, Roos B, Struys EA, Salomons GS, Douwes AC, van der Knaap MS, Jakobs C: Transaldolase deficiency: liver cirrhosis associated with a new inborn error in the pentose phosphate pathway. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 May;68(5):1086-92. Epub 2001 Mar 27. [PubMed:11283793 ]
- Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762. [PubMed:19212411 ]
- Prandi D: Canalicular bile production in man. Eur J Clin Invest. 1975 Feb;5(1):1-6. [PubMed:1122919 ]
- Makinen KK, Isotupa KP, Kivilompolo T, Makinen PL, Toivanen J, Soderling E: Comparison of erythritol and xylitol saliva stimulants in the control of dental plaque and mutans streptococci. Caries Res. 2001 Mar-Apr;35(2):129-35. [PubMed:11275673 ]
- Hino H, Kobayasi T, Asboe-Hansen G: Desmosome formation in normal human epidermal cell culture. Acta Derm Venereol. 1982;62(3):185-91. [PubMed:6179356 ]
- Bornet FR, Blayo A, Dauchy F, Slama G: Gastrointestinal response and plasma and urine determinations in human subjects given erythritol. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1996 Oct;24(2 Pt 2):S296-302. [PubMed:8933646 ]
- Noda K, Nakayama K, Oku T: Serum glucose and insulin levels and erythritol balance after oral administration of erythritol in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1994 Apr;48(4):286-92. [PubMed:8039489 ]
- Makinen KK, Saag M, Isotupa KP, Olak J, Nommela R, Soderling E, Makinen PL: Similarity of the effects of erythritol and xylitol on some risk factors of dental caries. Caries Res. 2005 May-Jun;39(3):207-15. [PubMed:15914983 ]
- Servo C, Palo J, Pitkanen E: Gas chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric identification of polyols in human cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Acta Neurol Scand. 1977 Aug;56(2):104-10. [PubMed:899714 ]
- Utili R, Abernathy CO, Zimmerman HJ: Studies on the effects of C. coli endotoxin on canalicular bile formation in the isolated perfused rat liver. J Lab Clin Med. 1977 Mar;89(3):471-82. [PubMed:320281 ]
- Munro IC, Berndt WO, Borzelleca JF, Flamm G, Lynch BS, Kennepohl E, Bar EA, Modderman J: Erythritol: an interpretive summary of biochemical, metabolic, toxicological and clinical data. Food Chem Toxicol. 1998 Dec;36(12):1139-74. [PubMed:9862657 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
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