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Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:52 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:52:00 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015481
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15481
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePranlukast
DescriptionPranlukast is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 antagonist. It antagonizes or reduces bronchospasm caused, principally in asthmatics, by an allergic reaction to accidentally or inadvertently encountered allergens.Pranlukast selectively antagonizes leukotriene D4 (LTD4) at the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor, CysLT1, in the human airway. Pranlukast inhibits the actions of LTD4 at the CysLT1 receptor, preventing airway edema, smooth muscle contraction, and enhanced secretion of thick, viscous mucus.
Structure
Data?1582753301
Synonyms
ValueSource
ONO-RS 411HMDB
ONO-RS-411MeSH
8-(4 (4-Phenylbutoxy)benzoyl)amino-2-(tetrazol-5'-yl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyranMeSH
PranlukastMeSH
Chemical FormulaC27H23N5O4
Average Molecular Weight481.5026
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight481.175004249
IUPAC NameN-[4-oxo-2-(2H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-chromen-7-yl]-4-(4-phenylbutoxy)benzamide
Traditional Namepranlukast
CAS Registry Number103177-37-3
SMILES
O=C(NC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=O)C=C(O2)C1=NNN=N1)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C27H23N5O4/c33-23-17-25(26-29-31-32-30-26)36-24-16-20(11-14-22(23)24)28-27(34)19-9-12-21(13-10-19)35-15-5-4-8-18-6-2-1-3-7-18/h1-3,6-7,9-14,16-17H,4-5,8,15H2,(H,28,34)(H,29,30,31,32)
InChI KeyUAJUXJSXCLUTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as chromones. Chromones are compounds containing a benzopyran-4-one moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassBenzopyrans
Sub Class1-benzopyrans
Direct ParentChromones
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Chromone
  • Benzamide
  • Benzoic acid or derivatives
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Benzoyl
  • Phenol ether
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Pyranone
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Pyran
  • Azole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Tetrazole
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Oxacycle
  • Ether
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Azacycle
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.003 g/LNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.003 g/LALOGPS
logP4.84ALOGPS
logP4.67ChemAxon
logS-5.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)5.96ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count7ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area119.09 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count9ChemAxon
Refractivity139.15 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability49.7 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+212.25131661259
DarkChem[M-H]-213.00531661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+201.11630932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-198.7230932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-231.60230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+207.02830932474
AllCCS[M+H]+215.232859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+213.332859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+217.032859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+217.532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-206.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-206.732859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-207.232859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
PranlukastO=C(NC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=O)C=C(O2)C1=NNN=N1)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C15667.1Standard polar33892256
PranlukastO=C(NC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=O)C=C(O2)C1=NNN=N1)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C14443.6Standard non polar33892256
PranlukastO=C(NC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=O)C=C(O2)C1=NNN=N1)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C15346.4Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Pranlukast,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=N[NH]N=N3)OC2=C14673.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=N[NH]N=N3)OC2=C14364.0Standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=N[NH]N=N3)OC2=C15970.9Standard polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N1N=NC(C2=CC(=O)C3=CC=C(NC(=O)C4=CC=C(OCCCCC5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)C=C3O2)=N15035.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N1N=NC(C2=CC(=O)C3=CC=C(NC(=O)C4=CC=C(OCCCCC5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)C=C3O2)=N14462.5Standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N1N=NC(C2=CC(=O)C3=CC=C(NC(=O)C4=CC=C(OCCCCC5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)C=C3O2)=N15995.0Standard polar33892256
Pranlukast,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=NN([Si](C)(C)C)N=N3)OC2=C14826.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=NN([Si](C)(C)C)N=N3)OC2=C14252.8Standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=NN([Si](C)(C)C)N=N3)OC2=C15554.8Standard polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=N[NH]N=N3)OC2=C14893.2Semi standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=N[NH]N=N3)OC2=C14427.6Standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=N[NH]N=N3)OC2=C15909.1Standard polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1N=NC(C2=CC(=O)C3=CC=C(NC(=O)C4=CC=C(OCCCCC5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)C=C3O2)=N15201.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1N=NC(C2=CC(=O)C3=CC=C(NC(=O)C4=CC=C(OCCCCC5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)C=C3O2)=N14634.0Standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1N=NC(C2=CC(=O)C3=CC=C(NC(=O)C4=CC=C(OCCCCC5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)C=C3O2)=N15885.8Standard polar33892256
Pranlukast,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=NN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N=N3)OC2=C15145.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=NN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N=N3)OC2=C14566.4Standard non polar33892256
Pranlukast,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=C(C3=NN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N=N3)OC2=C15485.1Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pranlukast GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-6947400000-be0d26e264cf07370d572017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pranlukast GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast LC-ESI-qTof , Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ugj-2952800000-767435b06d22163bd76a2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast , positive-QTOFsplash10-0ugj-2952800000-767435b06d22163bd76a2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0230900000-63ed24d47005977ab6062017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ue9-2983600000-80ee0961c27bb8bd2ff12017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001l-5910000000-2a4a0bcb4fc69bb78a612017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0003900000-d06211e551c39d6345102017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0f7k-6047900000-77640e8d6fdeca4979ed2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-002f-9162000000-72efe6184fff4c9790752017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ue9-0090600000-f80c12d4c2bd676a855a2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0211900000-e1e0ef88260c14716ba62021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9701000000-667e79f5d43e996e52b12021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0000900000-5598946451e8baa34f802021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00o3-4151900000-a8d8077db95a31495fdb2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pranlukast 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004l-6289400000-b98d395a554a9d8fa0f92021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01411 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01411 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID102999
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPranlukast
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound115100
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID730485
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Nakade S, Ueda S, Ohno T, Nakayama K, Miyata Y, Yukawa E, Higuchi S: Population pharmacokinetics of pranlukast hydrate dry syrup in children with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2006 Apr;21(2):133-9. [PubMed:16702733 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Nakade S, Yamauchi A, Komaba J, Ohno T, Kitagawa J, Honda N, Hasegawa C, Yoneda K, Kodama Y, Yasuda K, Azuma J, Miyata Y: Effect of clarithromycin on the pharmacokinetics of pranlukast in healthy volunteers. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2008;23(6):428-33. [PubMed:19122337 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular weight:
55627.365
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in tumor necrosis factor receptor binding
Specific function:
Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation
Gene Name:
TNF
Uniprot ID:
P01375
Molecular weight:
25644.1
References
  1. Tomari S, Matsuse H, Machida I, Kondo Y, Kawano T, Obase Y, Fukushima C, Shimoda T, Kohno S: Pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, attenuates allergen-specific tumour necrosis factor alpha production and nuclear factor kappa B nuclear translocation in peripheral blood monocytes from atopic asthmatics. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003 Jun;33(6):795-801. [PubMed:12801315 ]
  2. Ichiyama T, Hasegawa S, Umeda M, Terai K, Matsubara T, Furukawa S: Pranlukast inhibits NF-kappa B activation in human monocytes/macrophages and T cells. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003 Jun;33(6):802-7. [PubMed:12801316 ]
  3. Ichiyama T, Kajimoto M, Hasegawa M, Hashimoto K, Matsubara T, Furukawa S: Cysteinyl leukotrienes enhance tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human monocytes/macrophages. Clin Exp Allergy. 2007 Apr;37(4):608-14. [PubMed:17430359 ]
General function:
Involved in protein binding
Specific function:
NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor which is present in almost all cell types and is involved in many biological processed such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF- kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52 and the heterodimeric p65-p50 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF- kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. NF-kappa-B heterodimeric p65-p50 and RelB-p50 complexes are transcriptional activators. The NF-kappa-B p50-p50 homodimer is a transcriptional repressor, but can act as a transcriptional activator when associated with BCL3. NFKB1 appears to have dual functions such as cytoplasmic retention of attached NF-kappa-B proteins by p105 and generation of p50 by a cotranslational processing. The proteasome-mediated process ensures the production of both p50 and p105 and preserves their independent function, although processing of NFKB1/p105 also appears to occur post- translationally. p50 binds to the kappa-B consensus sequence 5'- GGRNNYYCC-3', located in the enhancer region of genes involved in immune response and acute phase reactions. In a complex with MAP3K8, NFKB1/p105 represses MAP3K8-induced MAPK signaling; active MAP3K8 is released by proteasome-dependent degradation of NFKB1/p105
Gene Name:
NFKB1
Uniprot ID:
P19838
Molecular weight:
105355.2
References
  1. Tomari S, Matsuse H, Machida I, Kondo Y, Kawano T, Obase Y, Fukushima C, Shimoda T, Kohno S: Pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, attenuates allergen-specific tumour necrosis factor alpha production and nuclear factor kappa B nuclear translocation in peripheral blood monocytes from atopic asthmatics. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003 Jun;33(6):795-801. [PubMed:12801315 ]
  2. Ichiyama T, Hasegawa S, Umeda M, Terai K, Matsubara T, Furukawa S: Pranlukast inhibits NF-kappa B activation in human monocytes/macrophages and T cells. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003 Jun;33(6):802-7. [PubMed:12801316 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
Receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes mediating bronchoconstriction of individuals with and without asthma. Stimulation by LTD4 results in the contraction and proliferation of smooth muscle, edema, eosinophil migration and damage to the mucus layer in the lung. This response is mediated via a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTD4 >> LTE4 = LTC4 >> LTB4
Gene Name:
CYSLTR1
Uniprot ID:
Q9Y271
Molecular weight:
38540.5
References
  1. Yoo SH, Park SH, Song JS, Kang KH, Park CS, Yoo JH, Choi BW, Hahn MH: Clinical effects of pranlukast, an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist, in mild-to-moderate asthma: a 4 week randomized multicentre controlled trial. Respirology. 2001 Mar;6(1):15-21. [PubMed:11264758 ]
  2. Ogasawara H, Ishii S, Yokomizo T, Kakinuma T, Komine M, Tamaki K, Shimizu T, Izumi T: Characterization of mouse cysteinyl leukotriene receptors mCysLT1 and mCysLT2: differential pharmacological properties and tissue distribution. J Biol Chem. 2002 May 24;277(21):18763-8. Epub 2002 Feb 19. [PubMed:11854273 ]
  3. Ishinaga H, Takeuchi K, Kishioka C, Suzuki S, Basbaum C, Majima Y: Pranlukast inhibits NF-kappaB activation and MUC2 gene expression in cultured human epithelial cells. Pharmacology. 2005 Feb;73(2):89-96. Epub 2004 Oct 5. [PubMed:15475658 ]
  4. Shirasaki H, Kanaizumi E, Seki N, Kikuchi M, Watanabe K, Konno N, Himi T: Distribution of specific binding sites for cysteinyl leukotriene 1 receptor antagonist in human nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol. 2006 Sep;126(9):948-51. [PubMed:16864492 ]
  5. Ding Q, Wei EQ, Zhang YJ, Zhang WP, Chen Z: Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 is involved in N-methyl-D-aspartate-mediated neuronal injury in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2006 Dec;27(12):1526-36. [PubMed:17112405 ]
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Cytotoxin and helminthotoxin with low-efficiency ribonuclease activity. Possesses a wide variety of biological activities. Exhibits antibacterial activity
Gene Name:
RNASE3
Uniprot ID:
P12724
Molecular weight:
18386.0
References
  1. Horiguchi T, Tachikawa S, Kasahara J, Doi M, Shiga M: Effects of pranlukast hydrate on serum eosinophil cationic protein levels in patients with adult bronchial asthma. Arzneimittelforschung. 1999 Jan;49(1):35-7. [PubMed:10028377 ]
  2. Ishioka S, Hozawa S, Haruta Y, Hiyama K, Maeda A, Yamakido M: Pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist, reduces serum eosinophil cationic protein levels in patients with asthma. Hiroshima J Med Sci. 1999 Dec;48(4):105-10. [PubMed:10804983 ]
  3. Obase Y, Shimoda T, Tomari S, Mitsuta K, Fukushima C, Kawano T, Matsuse H, Kohno S: Effects of pranlukast on aspirin-induced bronchoconstriction: differences in chemical mediators between aspirin-intolerant and tolerant asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2001 Jul;87(1):74-9. [PubMed:11476469 ]
  4. Kanazawa H, Yoshikawa T, Hirata K, Yoshikawa J: Effects of pranlukast administration on vascular endothelial growth factor levels in asthmatic patients. Chest. 2004 May;125(5):1700-5. [PubMed:15136379 ]
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Factor that induces terminal differentiation of late- developing B-cells to immunoglobulin secreting cells
Gene Name:
IL5
Uniprot ID:
P05113
Molecular weight:
15238.0
References
  1. Hojo M, Suzuki M, Maghni K, Hamid Q, Powell WS, Martin JG: Role of cysteinyl leukotrienes in CD4(+) T cell-driven late allergic airway responses. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 May;293(2):410-6. [PubMed:10773010 ]
  2. Nabe T, Yamashita K, Miura M, Kawai T, Kohno S: Cysteinyl leukotriene-dependent interleukin-5 production leading to eosinophilia during late asthmatic response in guinea-pigs. Clin Exp Allergy. 2002 Apr;32(4):633-40. [PubMed:11972613 ]
  3. Nogimura M, Nagata M, Sutani A, Saito K, Sakamoto Y: [Study on the effect of cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist, pranlukast hydrate, on adhesive interaction between eosinophils and pulmonary endothelial cells]. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi. 2002 Dec;40(12):919-24. [PubMed:12692940 ]
  4. Fukushima C, Matsuse H, Hishikawa Y, Kondo Y, Machida I, Saeki S, Kawano T, Tomari S, Obase Y, Shimoda T, Koji T, Kohno S: Pranlukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, inhibits interleukin-5 production via a mechanism distinct from leukotriene receptor antagonism. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2005 Feb;136(2):165-72. Epub 2005 Jan 12. [PubMed:15650315 ]
  5. Matsuse H, Kondo Y, Machida I, Kawano T, Saeki S, Tomari S, Obase Y, Fukushima C, Mizuta Y, Kohno S: Effects of anti-inflammatory therapies on recurrent and low-grade respiratory syncytial virus infections in a murine model of asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006 Jul;97(1):55-60. [PubMed:16892782 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter
Gene Name:
ABCC2
Uniprot ID:
Q92887
Molecular weight:
174205.6
References
  1. Horikawa M, Kato Y, Tyson CA, Sugiyama Y: The potential for an interaction between MRP2 (ABCC2) and various therapeutic agents: probenecid as a candidate inhibitor of the biliary excretion of irinotecan metabolites. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2002;17(1):23-33. [PubMed:15618649 ]