| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2012-09-06 15:16:52 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:52:02 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0015575 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Trioxsalen |
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| Description | Trioxsalen, also known as trimethylpsoralen, trioxysalen or trisoralen, belongs to the group of drugs called psoralens. It is also known as a furanocoumarin (PMID: 3196695 ). Trioxsalen is a pigmenting photosensitizing agent used to treat vitiligo, a condition characterized by loss of skin color (PMID: 4828534 , 4441118 ). It is administered in conjunction with ultraviolet light A (UVA) to increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight. Trioxsalen functions through inducing interstrand crosslinks in DNA. It has been reported that use of trioxsalen increases the chance of skin cancer and cataracts. Trioxsalen is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. |
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| Structure | CC1=CC2=CC3=C(OC(=O)C=C3C)C(C)=C2O1 InChI=1S/C14H12O3/c1-7-4-12(15)17-14-9(3)13-10(6-11(7)14)5-8(2)16-13/h4-6H,1-3H3 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| 2',4,8-Trimethylpsoralen | ChEBI | | 4,5',8-Trimethylpsoralen | ChEBI | | 4,8,5'-Trimethylpsoralen | ChEBI | | 6-Hydroxy-beta,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylic acid, delta-lactone | ChEBI | | Trimethylpsoralen | ChEBI | | Trioxisaleno | ChEBI | | Trioxysalen | ChEBI | | Trioxysalene | ChEBI | | Trioxysalenum | ChEBI | | Trisoralen | Kegg | | 6-Hydroxy-b,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylate, delta-lactone | Generator | | 6-Hydroxy-b,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylic acid, delta-lactone | Generator | | 6-Hydroxy-beta,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylate, delta-lactone | Generator | | 6-Hydroxy-β,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylate, δ-lactone | Generator | | 6-Hydroxy-β,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylic acid, δ-lactone | Generator | | 6-Hydroxy-b,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylate, δ-lactone | Generator, HMDB | | 6-Hydroxy-b,2,7-trimethyl-5-benzofuranacrylic acid, δ-lactone | Generator, HMDB | | Trioxisalenum | MeSH, HMDB | | 2,5,9-Trimethyl-7H-furo(3,2-g)benzopyran-7-one | MeSH, HMDB | | ICN brand OF trioxsalen | MeSH, HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C14H12O3 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 228.2433 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 228.07864425 |
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| IUPAC Name | 2,5,9-trimethyl-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one |
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| Traditional Name | trioxsalen |
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| CAS Registry Number | 3902-71-4 |
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| SMILES | CC1=CC2=CC3=C(OC(=O)C=C3C)C(C)=C2O1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C14H12O3/c1-7-4-12(15)17-14-9(3)13-10(6-11(7)14)5-8(2)16-13/h4-6H,1-3H3 |
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| InChI Key | FMHHVULEAZTJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as psoralens. These are organic compounds containing a psoralen moiety, which consists of a furan fused to a chromenone to for 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Phenylpropanoids and polyketides |
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| Class | Coumarins and derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Furanocoumarins |
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| Direct Parent | Psoralens |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Psoralen
- Benzopyran
- 1-benzopyran
- Benzofuran
- Pyranone
- Benzenoid
- Pyran
- Furan
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Lactone
- Oxacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | 21.51 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | The Good Scents Company Information System | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 7.26 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 17.3596 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 0.8 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1832.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 625.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 237.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 387.9 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 235.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 565.6 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 733.0 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 125.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1438.5 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 513.6 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1693.6 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 481.3 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 378.5 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 428.1 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 414.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 8.9 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatized |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0h10-0960000000-966d52d94de4b47d3acd | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0090000000-dcfc8fb3d1851500be83 | 2016-08-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0fb9-0090000000-9cf76c0cd3483f70877e | 2016-08-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0ik9-1930000000-364eb5a4711246301410 | 2016-08-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0090000000-c823a179ff02e7127dc9 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0090000000-e4873a737dacdeebcb1a | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-003f-2920000000-c752e5912988325469f0 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0090000000-c89325e1a7192ec227f4 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0090000000-971e5b85c60e64223aa5 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0gvk-1930000000-c960ea7d61bacac4f3df | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0090000000-f0e0fc28215258fdeb31 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0190000000-11b09e07d8088345c5cb | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Trioxsalen 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0690000000-74d27c4f6ef3bff95576 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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| General References | - van Coevorden AM, Kamphof WG, van Sonderen E, Bruynzeel DP, Coenraads PJ: Comparison of oral psoralen-UV-A with a portable tanning unit at home vs hospital-administered bath psoralen-UV-A in patients with chronic hand eczema: an open-label randomized controlled trial of efficacy. Arch Dermatol. 2004 Dec;140(12):1463-6. [PubMed:15611423 ]
- Higuchi M, Yamayoshi A, Kobori A, Yamaoka T, Murakami A: Synthesis and properties of photo-reactive antisense oligonucleotides containing 2'-O-psoralen-conjugated adenosine. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser (Oxf). 2005;(49):331-2. [PubMed:17150768 ]
- Thazhathveetil AK, Liu ST, Indig FE, Seidman MM: Psoralen conjugates for visualization of genomic interstrand cross-links localized by laser photoactivation. Bioconjug Chem. 2007 Mar-Apr;18(2):431-7. [PubMed:17373769 ]
- Goldenberg M, Welsh J, Haas R, Rideout DC, Cantor CR: Synthesis and properties of novel psoralen derivatives. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):6971-6. doi: 10.1021/bi00418a045. [PubMed:3196695 ]
- Kaidbey KH, Kligman AM: Photopigmentation with trioxsalen. Arch Dermatol. 1974 May;109(5):674-7. [PubMed:4828534 ]
- Sehgal VN: Editorial: Effectiveness of trioxsalen therapy for vitiligo. Arch Dermatol. 1974 Dec;110(6):957-8. doi: 10.1001/archderm.1974.01630120089029. [PubMed:4441118 ]
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