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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:06 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000795
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00795
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePristanic acid
DescriptionPristanic acid (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecanoic acid) is a terpenoid acid present at micromolar concentrations in the plasma of healthy individuals. It is also found in the lipids from many sources such as freshwater sponges, krill, earthworms, whales, human milk fat, bovine depot fat, butterfat or Californian petroleum. It is usually present in combination with phytanic acid. In humans, pristanic acid is obtained from two sources: either directly from the diet or as the alpha oxidation product of phytanic acid. At physiological concentrations pristanic acid is a natural ligand for PPARalpha. In liver, pristanic acid is degraded by peroxisomal beta oxidation to propionyl-CoA. Together with phytanic acid, pristanic acid accumulates in several inherited disorders such as Zellweger syndrome. Pristanic acid is a branched chain fatty acid that arises from the breakdown of phytanic acid. It is present at micromolar concentrations in the plasma of healthy individuals. Pristanic acid is normally degraded by peroxisomal beta-oxidation. In patients affected with generalized peroxisomal disorders, degradation of both phytanic acid and pristanic acid is impaired owing to absence of functional peroxisomes. Pristanic acid has been found to activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {alpha} (PPAR{alpha}) in a concentration dependent manner.
Structure
Data?1582752157
Synonyms
ValueSource
2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecansaeureChEBI
2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecylic acidChEBI
Acide pristaniqueChEBI
Acido pristanicoChEBI
PristaninsaeureChEBI
2,6,10,14-TetramethylpentadecylateGenerator
PristanateGenerator
(2S)-Pristanic acidHMDB
(2S,6R,10R)-2,6,10,14-TetramethylpentadecanoateHMDB
(2S,6R,10R)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecanoic acidHMDB
(2S,6R,10R)-Pristanic acidHMDB
2,6,10,14-TetramethylpentadecanoateHMDB
2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecanoic acidHMDB
Pristanate:(2S,6R,10R)-pristanateHMDB
Chemical FormulaC19H38O2
Average Molecular Weight298.511
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight298.287180464
IUPAC Name2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecanoic acid
Traditional Namepristanic acid
CAS Registry Number1189-37-3
SMILES
CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C19H38O2/c1-15(2)9-6-10-16(3)11-7-12-17(4)13-8-14-18(5)19(20)21/h15-18H,6-14H2,1-5H3,(H,20,21)
InChI KeyPAHGJZDQXIOYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic diterpenoids. These are diterpenoids (compounds made of four consecutive isoprene units) that do not contain a cycle.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassDiterpenoids
Direct ParentAcyclic diterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Acyclic diterpenoid
  • Long-chain fatty acid
  • Methyl-branched fatty acid
  • Branched fatty acid
  • Fatty acyl
  • Fatty acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.0035 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-MetCCS_train_neg178.78830932474
[M-H]-Not Available178.788http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000216
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Peroxisome
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
Tissue Locations
  • Fibroblasts
  • Neuron
  • Prostate
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified<3.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0-3.350 uMChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Adrenoleukodystrophy, neonatal
  1. G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata
  1. Baumgartner MR, Poll-The BT, Verhoeven NM, Jakobs C, Espeel M, Roels F, Rabier D, Levade T, Rolland MO, Martinez M, Wanders RJ, Saudubray JM: Clinical approach to inherited peroxisomal disorders: a series of 27 patients. Ann Neurol. 1998 Nov;44(5):720-30. [PubMed:9818927 ]
Peroxisomal biogenesis defect
  1. Baumgartner MR, Poll-The BT, Verhoeven NM, Jakobs C, Espeel M, Roels F, Rabier D, Levade T, Rolland MO, Martinez M, Wanders RJ, Saudubray JM: Clinical approach to inherited peroxisomal disorders: a series of 27 patients. Ann Neurol. 1998 Nov;44(5):720-30. [PubMed:9818927 ]
Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency
  1. McLean BN, Allen J, Ferdinandusse S, Wanders RJ: A new defect of peroxisomal function involving pristanic acid: a case report. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002 Mar;72(3):396-9. [PubMed:11861706 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 215100 (Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata)
  • 214100 (Peroxisomal biogenesis defect)
  • 614307 (Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency)
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB012993
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID110458
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDPRISTANATE
BiGG ID2364527
Wikipedia LinkPristanic acid
METLIN ID5760
PubChem Compound123929
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID51340
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDPRIST
MarkerDB IDMDB00000255
Good Scents IDrw1489071
References
Synthesis ReferenceNakajima, Kenji; Sato, Akio. Microbial oxidation of isoprenoid hydrocarbons. Part II. Production of pristanol and pristanic acid from pristane by Nocardia sp. BPM 1613. Nippon Nogei Kagaku Kaishi (1981), 55(9), 825-8.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Activation of long-chain fatty acids for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation. Preferentially uses palmitoleate, oleate and linoleate.
Gene Name:
ACSL1
Uniprot ID:
P33121
Molecular weight:
77942.685