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Identification Taxonomy Ontology Physical properties Spectra Biological properties Concentrations Links References enzymes (11) Show 11 proteins XML

Record Information

Version

5.0

Status

Detected but not Quantified

Creation Date

2021-09-11 01:47:59 UTC

Update Date

2021-10-01 19:33:17 UTC

HMDB ID

HMDB0248470

Secondary Accession Numbers

None

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

Anthrone

Description

Anthrone, also known as 9-oxoanthracene or az-O, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as anthracenes. These are organic compounds containing a system of three linearly fused benzene rings. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Anthrone. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Anthrone is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Anthrone is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.

Structure

MOL 3D MOL SDF 3D SDF PDB 3D PDB SMILES InChI


  Mrv1572004191604262D          

 15 17  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    3.5724    1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7145    1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.5724    2.0625    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7145    2.0625    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8579    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0000    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8579    2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000    2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434    1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434    2.0625    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    2.0625    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    3.3000    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  3  1  2  0  0  0  0
  4  2  2  0  0  0  0
  5  1  1  0  0  0  0
  6  2  1  0  0  0  0
  7  3  1  0  0  0  0
  8  4  1  0  0  0  0
 10  5  2  0  0  0  0
 10  9  1  0  0  0  0
 11  6  2  0  0  0  0
 11  9  1  0  0  0  0
 12  7  2  0  0  0  0
 12 10  1  0  0  0  0
 13  8  2  0  0  0  0
 13 11  1  0  0  0  0
 14 12  1  0  0  0  0
 14 13  1  0  0  0  0
 15 14  2  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0248470

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2CC2=CC=CC=C12

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C14H10O/c15-14-12-7-3-1-5-10(12)9-11-6-2-4-8-13(11)14/h1-8H,9H2

> <INCHI_KEY>
RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C14H10O

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
194.233

> <EXACT_MASS>
194.073164942

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
25

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
21.37723911315809

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
1

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
9,10-dihydroanthracen-9-one

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
3.57

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
3.551147064333333

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-4.30

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
3

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
16.003929744087774

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-7.4815396726714045

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
17.07

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
60.31270000000001

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
9.66e-03 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
anthrone

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
1

$$$$

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 19-APR-16   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   19-APR-16         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0       6.668   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0      -1.334   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0       6.668   3.850   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0      -1.334   3.850   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       5.335   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0      -0.000   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0       5.335   4.620   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0       0.000   4.620   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  C   UNK     0       2.667   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0       4.001   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   11  C   UNK     0       1.334   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   12  C   UNK     0       4.001   3.850   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   13  C   UNK     0       1.334   3.850   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   14  C   UNK     0       2.667   4.620   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   15  O   UNK     0       2.667   6.160   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    3    5                                                       
CONECT    2    4    6                                                       
CONECT    3    1    7                                                       
CONECT    4    2    8                                                       
CONECT    5    1   10                                                       
CONECT    6    2   11                                                       
CONECT    7    3   12                                                       
CONECT    8    4   13                                                       
CONECT    9   10   11                                                       
CONECT   10    5    9   12                                                  
CONECT   11    6    9   13                                                  
CONECT   12    7   10   14                                                  
CONECT   13    8   11   14                                                  
CONECT   14   12   13   15                                                  
CONECT   15   14                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   15    0   34    0
END

View in JSmol View Stereo Labels

Synonyms

Value	Source
9(10H)-Anthracenone	ChEBI
9,10-Dihydro-9-oxoanthracene	ChEBI
9-Oxoanthracene	ChEBI
Anthranone	ChEBI
Az-O	ChEBI
Carbothrone	ChEBI
Anthrone	MeSH

Chemical Formula

C₁₄H₁₀O

Average Molecular Weight

194.233

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

194.073164942

IUPAC Name

9,10-dihydroanthracen-9-one

Traditional Name

anthrone

CAS Registry Number

Not Available

SMILES

O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2CC2=CC=CC=C12

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C14H10O/c15-14-12-7-3-1-5-10(12)9-11-6-2-4-8-13(11)14/h1-8H,9H2

InChI Key

RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as anthracenes. These are organic compounds containing a system of three linearly fused benzene rings.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Benzenoids

Class

Anthracenes

Sub Class

Not Available

Direct Parent

Anthracenes

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Anthracene
Aryl ketone
Ketone
Organic oxygen compound
Organic oxide
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organooxygen compound
Aromatic homopolycyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic homopolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

anthracenes (CHEBI:33835 )

Ontology

Physiological effect

Not Available

Disposition

Biological location

Non-excretory biofluid

Biofluid or Excreta

Blood (PMID: 31557052)

Process

Not Available

Role

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Not Available

Experimental Molecular Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	Not Available	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available	Not Available
Water Solubility	Not Available	Not Available
LogP	Not Available	Not Available

Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Not Available

Predicted Molecular Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	3.57	ALOGPS
logP	3.55	ChemAxon
logS	-4.3	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	16	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-7.5	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	17.07 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	60.31 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	21.38 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	3	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

Predictor	Adduct Type	CCS Value (Å²)	Reference
DeepCCS	[M-2H]-	170.911	30932474
DeepCCS	[M+Na]+	145.62	30932474
AllCCS	[M+H]+	141.6	32859911
AllCCS	[M+H-H2O]+	137.2	32859911
AllCCS	[M+NH4]+	145.7	32859911
AllCCS	[M+Na]+	146.9	32859911
AllCCS	[M-H]-	144.5	32859911
AllCCS	[M+Na-2H]-	143.9	32859911
AllCCS	[M+HCOO]-	143.4	32859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

Metabolite	SMILES	Kovats RI Value	Column Type	Reference
Anthrone	O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2CC2=CC=CC=C12	2811.7	Standard polar	33892256
Anthrone	O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2CC2=CC=CC=C12	1859.7	Standard non polar	33892256
Anthrone	O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2CC2=CC=CC=C12	1891.9	Semi standard non polar	33892256

Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	Source	View
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Anthrone GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-014l-1900000000-9fcb6628e827195dbe7b	2021-09-24	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Anthrone GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	Source	View
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 35V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0002-0900000000-ffa1c9e74f0bf001c9db	2021-09-20	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 10V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0002-0900000000-1d4640e5f9f850fe22e7	2016-08-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 20V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0002-0900000000-396f8b1a3e1a996ad1d4	2016-08-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 40V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0f6t-4900000000-93867578d52474820c46	2016-08-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 10V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0006-0900000000-77adaf6614c8ac81c01f	2016-08-03	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 20V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0006-0900000000-77adaf6614c8ac81c01f	2016-08-03	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 40V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0006-0900000000-dd32a46813ade8e7c0aa	2016-08-03	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 10V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0002-0900000000-27ce7a0a54d46fbd9a75	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 20V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0002-0900000000-27ce7a0a54d46fbd9a75	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 40V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-00kf-4900000000-6a77f550f788d1326a9c	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 10V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0006-0900000000-8d1a6691fd9f5b8c101f	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 20V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0006-0900000000-8d1a6691fd9f5b8c101f	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Anthrone 40V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-00kf-0900000000-4735dc61bdf7e7e0c728	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Not Available

Biospecimen Locations

Blood

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Name	SMPDB/PathBank	KEGG

Normal Concentrations

Biospecimen	Status	Value	Age	Sex	Condition	Reference	Details
Blood	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	31557052	details

Abnormal Concentrations

Not Available

Associated Disorders and Diseases

Disease References

None

Associated OMIM IDs

None

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

C00000569

Chemspider ID

6751

KEGG Compound ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Anthrone

METLIN ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound

7018

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

33835

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

Not Available

MarkerDB ID

Not Available

Good Scents ID

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Not Available

General References

Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 11 proteins in total.

Show all enzymes and transporters

Enzymes

Enzyme Details

1. Atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodin anthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCB
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQZ6
Molecular weight:: 47061.35

Enzyme Details

2. Anthrone oxygenase tpcL

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Anthrone oxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCL
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQY6
Molecular weight:: 17361.33

Enzyme Details

3. O-methyltransferase tpcA

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: O-methyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCA
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQZ7
Molecular weight:: 53243.225

Enzyme Details

4. Decarboxylase tpcK

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Decarboxylase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodin anthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCK
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQY7
Molecular weight:: 16711.025

Enzyme Details

5. Oxidoreductase tpcG

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCG
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQZ1
Molecular weight:: 29017.09

Enzyme Details

6. Oxidoreductase tpcJ

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCJ
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQY8
Molecular weight:: 69042.22

Enzyme Details

7. Glutathione S-transferase-like protein tpcF

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Glutathione S-transferase-like protein; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCF
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQZ2
Molecular weight:: 25030.43

Enzyme Details

8. Questin oxidase

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Questin oxidase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCI
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQY9
Molecular weight:: 49466.8

Enzyme Details

9. Atrochrysone carboxylic acid synthase

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Non-reducing polyketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodin anthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCC
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQZ5
Molecular weight:: 194338.375

Enzyme Details

10. Methyltransferase tpcH

General function:: Not Available
Specific function:: Methyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trypacidin, a mycotoxin with antiprotozoal activity and that plays a role in the infection process (PubMed:26278536, PubMed:26242966). The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase tpcB then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from tpcC (PubMed:26242966). The decarboxylase tpcK converts atrochrysone carboxylic acid to atrochrysone which is further reduced into emodin anthrone (PubMed:26242966). The next step is performed by the emodin anthrone oxygenase tpcL that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (PubMed:26242966). Emodin O-methyltransferase encoded by tpcA catalyzes methylation of the 8-hydroxy group of emodin to form questin (PubMed:26242966). Ring cleavage of questin by questin oxidase tpcI leads to desmethylsulochrin via several intermediates including questin epoxide (By similarity). Another methylation step catalyzed by tpcM leads to the formation of sulochrin which is further converted to monomethylsulfochrin by tpcH. Finally, the tpcJ catalyzes the conversion of monomethylsulfochrin to trypacidin (PubMed:26242966). Trypacidin is toxic for human pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells by initiating the intracellular formation of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), thus triggering host necrotic cell death (PubMed:22319557). The trypacidin pathway is also able to produce endocrocin via a distinct route from the endocrocin Enc pathway (PubMed:26242966).
Gene Name:: TPCH
Uniprot ID:: Q4WQZ0
Molecular weight:: 31896.055

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 11 proteins in total.

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Showing metabocard for Anthrone (HMDB0248470)

MOL for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

3D MOL for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

3D SDF for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

3D-SDF for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

PDB for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

3D PDB for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

SMILES for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

INCHI for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

Structure for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

3D Structure for HMDB0248470 (Anthrone)

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

GC-MS Spectra

MS/MS Spectra

Enzymes