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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 07:53:57 UTC
Update Date2022-07-18 23:53:32 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0250791
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NameD-Phenylalanine
Description(±)-Phenylalanine, also known as F, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylalanine and derivatives. Phenylalanine and derivatives are compounds containing phenylalanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom (±)-Phenylalanine is an odorless tasting compound (±)-Phenylalanine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as red bell peppers (Capsicum annuum), wheats (Triticum), and oats (Avena sativa) and in a lower concentration in carp breams (Abramis brama), common lings (Molva molva), and rainbow smelts (Osmerus mordax) (±)-Phenylalanine has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as oil palms (Elaeis), ucuhubas (Virola surinamensis), lard, cocoa butter, and beer. This could make (±)-phenylalanine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods (±)-Phenylalanine is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on (±)-Phenylalanine. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). D-phenylalanine is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically D-Phenylalanine is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Data?1658188412
Synonyms
ValueSource
alpha-Amino-beta-phenylpropionic acidChEBI
DL-PhenylalanineChEBI
FChEBI
FenilalaninaChEBI
PHEChEBI
PhenylalaninChEBI
a-Amino-b-phenylpropionateGenerator
a-Amino-b-phenylpropionic acidGenerator
alpha-Amino-beta-phenylpropionateGenerator
Α-amino-β-phenylpropionateGenerator
Α-amino-β-phenylpropionic acidGenerator
L-Isomer phenylalanineMeSH
EndorphenylMeSH
L-PhenylalanineMeSH
PhenylalanineMeSH
Phenylalanine, L isomerMeSH
Phenylalanine, L-isomerMeSH
Chemical FormulaC9H11NO2
Average Molecular Weight165.1891
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight165.078978601
IUPAC Name2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid
Traditional Namephenylalanin
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C9H11NO2/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6,10H2,(H,11,12)
InChI KeyCOLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylalanine and derivatives. Phenylalanine and derivatives are compounds containing phenylalanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentPhenylalanine and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenylalanine or derivatives
  • 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • Amphetamine or derivatives
  • Aralkylamine
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Amino acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organic oxide
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Source
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-1.4ALOGPS
logP-1.2ChemAxon
logS-1.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.47ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.45ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area63.32 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity45.12 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability17.2 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
AllCCS[M+H]+136.832859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+132.532859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+140.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+142.132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-135.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-136.332859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-137.632859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
D-PhenylalanineNC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O2752.5Standard polar33892256
D-PhenylalanineNC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O1443.6Standard non polar33892256
D-PhenylalanineNC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O1814.3Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
D-Phenylalanine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1628.6Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1664.3Standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1948.3Standard polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C1767.2Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C1741.2Standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C2119.8Standard polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1829.5Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1789.9Standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1938.7Standard polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2070.9Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2086.0Standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2231.1Standard polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2211.6Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2161.7Standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2305.7Standard polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2455.2Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2394.5Standard non polar33892256
D-Phenylalanine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2287.5Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-9400000000-1880f5dae4360fab49472018-04-09Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-00dl-9300000000-4782928378caea601f9b2014-09-20Not AvailableView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 35V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-58b3e0504dfeb61254e82021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 15V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-3cc5d610e74436c96c192021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-23ba76644ba103a54f612021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 6V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-01ot-0900000000-73ddf7eb5a4bdf9750832021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-0ddf3e263974f732a55e2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-b92f5a299928b72a0c152021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0fb9-9300000000-a9cd15dd22c7c4c675492021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 6V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-a7383573a0010855fafa2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 35V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-c990ee531fa1fddaad6c2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-cf6d59da738657f88ea62021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-2900000000-1a69a7a4025aa0ee4c772021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 25V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-6528c07eab2c79fd47e62021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 45V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-e98ddf2ca45f030195912021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 25V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-ceb4bd7dd8e1f71d56032021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-2900000000-00e5545144646ccd72e62021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 30V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-4858dd4ae63964321d5f2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 45V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-8819a69344a55991578f2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-0900000000-259adf768bdd45a62a932021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 35V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-1900000000-3436f16ff1c07507e6132021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00xs-0900000000-ff1b3ddc479e700847862015-05-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-1900000000-fc318d4d3cde828334e42015-05-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9400000000-866eeb88a50bd575fa092015-05-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-0900000000-407406ada2082438a5792015-05-27Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03dj-1900000000-347dc84ca7da32c5c1762015-05-27Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Phenylalanine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00dl-9600000000-a608d60e21d3beb49b122015-05-27Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified152(100-450) uMAdult (>18 years old)BothSepsis details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Sepsis
  1. Ferrario M, Cambiaghi A, Brunelli L, Giordano S, Caironi P, Guatteri L, Raimondi F, Gattinoni L, Latini R, Masson S, Ristagno G, Pastorelli R: Mortality prediction in patients with severe septic shock: a pilot study using a target metabolomics approach. Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 5;6:20391. doi: 10.1038/srep20391. [PubMed:26847922 ]
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB013245
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID969
KEGG Compound IDC02057
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPhenylalanine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID28044
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1037691
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-amino acids. Has broad substrate specificity; is mostly active on D-proline, and to a lesser extent, on several other D-amino acids such as D-alanine, D-phenylalanine and D-serine. Mediates electron transport from D-proline to coenzyme Q1 in vitro, and is involved in the electron transport chain from D-proline to the c-type cytochrome in vivo.
Gene Name:
DADA
Uniprot ID:
Q9ZKQ7
Molecular weight:
46101.245