Showing metabocard for HMG-CoA (HMDB0253193)
| Record Information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Version | 5.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Status | Detected but not Quantified | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Creation Date | 2021-09-11 11:24:54 UTC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Update Date | 2021-10-01 21:58:20 UTC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HMDB ID | HMDB0253193 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary Accession Numbers | None | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Metabolite Identification | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name | HMG-CoA | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | 5-({2-[(3-{[4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-1,2-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutylidene]amino}-1-hydroxypropylidene)amino]ethyl}sulfanyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxopentanoic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as estrogens and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure containing a 3-hydroxylated estrane. Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on 5-({2-[(3-{[4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-1,2-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutylidene]amino}-1-hydroxypropylidene)amino]ethyl}sulfanyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxopentanoic acid. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Hmg-coa is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically HMG-CoA is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Structure |  Structure for HMDB0253193 (HMG-CoA)
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| Synonyms |
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| Chemical Formula | C27H44N7O20P3S | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average Molecular Weight | 911.66 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 911.157469013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IUPAC Name | 5-{[2-(3-{3-[({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)methyl]-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamido}propanamido)ethyl]sulfanyl}-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxopentanoic acid | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Name | HMG-CoA | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CAS Registry Number | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SMILES | CC(O)(CC(O)=O)CC(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)C(O)C(C)(C)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC1OC(C(O)C1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C27H44N7O20P3S/c1-26(2,21(40)24(41)30-5-4-15(35)29-6-7-58-17(38)9-27(3,42)8-16(36)37)11-51-57(48,49)54-56(46,47)50-10-14-20(53-55(43,44)45)19(39)25(52-14)34-13-33-18-22(28)31-12-32-23(18)34/h12-14,19-21,25,39-40,42H,4-11H2,1-3H3,(H,29,35)(H,30,41)(H,36,37)(H,46,47)(H,48,49)(H2,28,31,32)(H2,43,44,45) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InChI Key | CABVTRNMFUVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemical Taxonomy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as estrogens and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure containing a 3-hydroxylated estrane. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kingdom | Organic compounds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class | Steroids and steroid derivatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub Class | Estrane steroids | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct Parent | Estrogens and derivatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative Parents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substituents |
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External Descriptors | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ontology | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Physiological effect | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disposition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Process | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Role | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Physical Properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experimental Molecular Properties |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predicted Molecular Properties |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross Sections
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesNot Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spectra | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MS/MS Spectra
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| Biological Properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cellular Locations | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biospecimen Locations |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pathways |
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| Normal Concentrations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Abnormal Concentrations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Associated Disorders and Diseases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disease References | None | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Associated OMIM IDs | None | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External Links | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DrugBank ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FooDB ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KNApSAcK ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemspider ID | 82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG Compound ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BioCyc ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BiGG ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia Link | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| METLIN ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PubChem Compound | 84 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PDB ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ChEBI ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| VMH ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MarkerDB ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Good Scents ID | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| References | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General References |
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Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 23 proteins in total.
Enzymes
- General function:
- Involved in hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity
- Specific function:
- This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase.
- Gene Name:
- HMGCS2
- Uniprot ID:
- P54868
- Molecular weight:
- 52481.065
- General function:
- Involved in hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity
- Specific function:
- This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase.
- Gene Name:
- HMGCS1
- Uniprot ID:
- Q01581
- Molecular weight:
- 57293.105
- General function:
- Involved in hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity
- Specific function:
- Transmembrane glycoprotein that is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis as well as in the biosynthesis of nonsterol isoprenoids that are essential for normal cell function including ubiquinone and geranylgeranyl proteins.
- Gene Name:
- HMGCR
- Uniprot ID:
- P04035
- Molecular weight:
- 97475.155
- General function:
- Not Available
- Specific function:
- Involved in sterol-regulated ubiquitination and degradation of HMG-CoA reductase HMGCR (PubMed:21343306). Involved in positive regulation of AMPA-selective glutamate receptor GRIA2 recycling to the cell surface (By similarity). Acts as negative regulator of hepatocyte growth during regeneration (By similarity).May contribute to the regulation of translation during cell-cycle progression. May contribute to the regulation of cell proliferation (By similarity). May be involved in centrosome assembly. Modulates stabilization and nucleolar localization of tumor suppressor CDKN2A and enhances association between CDKN2A and NPM1 (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- TMUB1
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9BVT8
- Molecular weight:
- 26261.015
- General function:
- Not Available
- Specific function:
- Catalyzes the first irreversible step in ketogenesis, condensing acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is converted by HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) into mevalonate.
- Gene Name:
- HMGCS2
- Uniprot ID:
- P54869
- Molecular weight:
- 56822.265
- General function:
- Not Available
- Specific function:
- Trans-enoyl reductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of lovastatin (also known as mevinolin, mevacor or monacolin K), a hypolipidemic inhibitor of (3S)-hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR) (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633). The first step in the biosynthesis of lovastatin is the production of dihydromonacolin L acid by the lovastatin nonaketide synthase lovB and the trans-acting enoyl reductase lovC via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and 8 malonyl-CoA units (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:10381407, PubMed:19900898, PubMed:22733743). Dihydromonacolin L acid is released from lovB by the thioesterase lovG (PubMed:23653178). Next, dihydromonacolin L acid is oxidized by the dihydromonacolin L monooxygenase lovA twice to form monacolin J acid (PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633). The 2-methylbutyrate moiety of lovastatin is synthesized by the lovastatin diketide synthase lovF via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and one malonyl-CoA unit (PubMed:19530726, PubMed:21069965). Finally, the covalent attachment of this moiety to monacolin J acid is catalyzed by the transesterase lovD to yield lovastatin (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:17113998, PubMed:18988191, PubMed:19875080, PubMed:24727900). LovD has broad substrate specificity and can also convert monacolin J to simvastatin using alpha-dimethylbutanoyl-S-methyl-3-mercaptopropionate (DMB-S-MMP) as the thioester acyl donor, and can also catalyze the reverse reaction and function as hydrolase in vitro (PubMed:19875080). LovD has much higher activity with LovF-bound 2-methylbutanoate than with free diketide substrates (PubMed:21069965).
- Gene Name:
- LOVC
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9Y7D0
- Molecular weight:
- 39510.63
- General function:
- Not Available
- Specific function:
- Lovastatin diketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of lovastatin (also known as mevinolin, mevacor or monacolin K), a hypolipidemic inhibitor of (3S)-hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR) (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633). The first step in the biosynthesis of lovastatin is the production of dihydromonacolin L acid by the lovastatin nonaketide synthase lovB and the trans-acting enoyl reductase lovC via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and 8 malonyl-CoA units (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:10381407, PubMed:19900898, PubMed:22733743). Dihydromonacolin L acid is released from lovB by the thioesterase lovG (PubMed:23653178). Next, dihydromonacolin L acid is oxidized by the dihydromonacolin L monooxygenase lovA twice to form monacolin J acid (PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633). The 2-methylbutyrate moiety of lovastatin is synthesized by the lovastatin diketide synthase lovF via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and one malonyl-CoA unit (PubMed:19530726, PubMed:21069965). Finally, the covalent attachment of this moiety to monacolin J acid is catalyzed by the transesterase lovD to yield lovastatin (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:17113998, PubMed:18988191, PubMed:19875080, PubMed:24727900). LovD has broad substrate specificity and can also convert monacolin J to simvastatin using alpha-dimethylbutanoyl-S-methyl-3-mercaptopropionate (DMB-S-MMP) as the thioester acyl donor, and can also catalyze the reverse reaction and function as hydrolase in vitro (PubMed:19875080). LovD has much higher activity with LovF-bound 2-methylbutanoate than with free diketide substrates (PubMed:21069965).
- Gene Name:
- LOVF
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9Y7D5
- Molecular weight:
- 276638.215
- General function:
- Not Available
- Specific function:
- This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase.
- Gene Name:
- HMGS-1
- Uniprot ID:
- P54871
- Molecular weight:
- 51415.085
- General function:
- Not Available
- Specific function:
- One of 2 isozymes that catalyze the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. It is the rate-limiting enzyme of the sterol biosynthesis pathway. Involved in ergosterol biosynthesis.
- Gene Name:
- HMG2
- Uniprot ID:
- P12684
- Molecular weight:
- 115690.63
- General function:
- Not Available
- Specific function:
- Lovastatin nonaketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of lovastatin (also known as mevinolin, mevacor or monacolin K), a hypolipidemic inhibitor of (3S)-hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR) (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633, PubMed:23023987). The first step in the biosynthesis of lovastatin is the production of dihydromonacolin L acid by the lovastatin nonaketide synthase lovB and the trans-acting enoyl reductase lovC via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and 8 malonyl-CoA units (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:10381407, PubMed:19900898, PubMed:22733743, PubMed:23023987). Dihydromonacolin L acid is released from lovB by the thioesterase lovG (PubMed:23653178). Next, dihydromonacolin L acid is oxidized by the dihydromonacolin L monooxygenase lovA twice to form monacolin J acid (PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633). The 2-methylbutyrate moiety of lovastatin is synthesized by the lovastatin diketide synthase lovF via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and one malonyl-CoA unit (PubMed:19530726, PubMed:21069965). Finally, the covalent attachment of this moiety to monacolin J acid is catalyzed by the transesterase lovD to yield lovastatin (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:17113998, PubMed:18988191, PubMed:19875080, PubMed:24727900). LovD has broad substrate specificity and can also convert monacolin J to simvastatin using alpha-dimethylbutanoyl-S-methyl-3-mercaptopropionate (DMB-S-MMP) as the thioester acyl donor, and can also catalyze the reverse reaction and function as hydrolase in vitro (PubMed:19875080). LovD has much higher activity with LovF-bound 2-methylbutanoate than with free diketide substrates (PubMed:21069965).
- Gene Name:
- LOVB
- Uniprot ID:
- Q0C8M3
- Molecular weight:
- 335020.325
Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 23 proteins in total.