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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 22:46:00 UTC
Update Date2021-09-26 23:17:38 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0259831
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NameViolacein
Description3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]-2H-indol-2-one belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxyindoles. These are organic compounds containing an indole moiety that carries a hydroxyl group. Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on 3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]-2H-indol-2-one. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Violacein is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Violacein is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-(1,2-Dihydro-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-yl)-2-oxo-3H-pyrrol-3-ylidene)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-oneMeSH
(3E)-3-(1,2-Dihydro-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxo-3H-pyrrol-3-ylidene)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-oneMeSH
Chemical FormulaC20H13N3O3
Average Molecular Weight343.342
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight343.095691291
IUPAC Name3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]-2H-indol-2-one
Traditional Name3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]indol-2-one
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
OC1=C(C=C(N1)C1=CNC2=C1C=C(O)C=C2)C1=C2C=CC=CC2=NC1=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H13N3O3/c24-10-5-6-15-12(7-10)14(9-21-15)17-8-13(19(25)23-17)18-11-3-1-2-4-16(11)22-20(18)26/h1-9,21,23-25H
InChI KeySHLJIZCPRXXHHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxyindoles. These are organic compounds containing an indole moiety that carries a hydroxyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassIndoles and derivatives
Sub ClassHydroxyindoles
Direct ParentHydroxyindoles
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Hydroxyindole
  • Indole
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Benzenoid
  • Substituted pyrrole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Pyrrole
  • N-acylimine
  • Azacycle
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP3.81ALOGPS
logP2.67ChemAxon
logS-4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)7.67ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)0.055ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area101.47 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity99.46 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability35.99 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
AllCCS[M+H]+182.35632859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+178.97232859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+186.39332859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+185.49232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-184.38532859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-183.51332859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-182.70932859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+183.09630932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-180.73630932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-215.02930932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+190.46430932474

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
ViolaceinOC1=C(C=C(N1)C1=CNC2=C1C=C(O)C=C2)C1=C2C=CC=CC2=NC1=O5203.5Standard polar33892256
ViolaceinOC1=C(C=C(N1)C1=CNC2=C1C=C(O)C=C2)C1=C2C=CC=CC2=NC1=O3746.3Standard non polar33892256
ViolaceinOC1=C(C=C(N1)C1=CNC2=C1C=C(O)C=C2)C1=C2C=CC=CC2=NC1=O4253.4Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]1)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C3668.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]1)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C3807.7Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]1)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C4285.6Standard polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2[NH]C=C(C3=CC(C4=C5C=CC=CC5=NC4=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)N3[Si](C)(C)C)C2=C13693.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2[NH]C=C(C3=CC(C4=C5C=CC=CC5=NC4=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)N3[Si](C)(C)C)C2=C13803.0Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2[NH]C=C(C3=CC(C4=C5C=CC=CC5=NC4=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)N3[Si](C)(C)C)C2=C14258.5Standard polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC1=C(C2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=O)C=C(C2=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C3=CC=C(O)C=C23)N1[Si](C)(C)C3638.2Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC1=C(C2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=O)C=C(C2=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C3=CC=C(O)C=C23)N1[Si](C)(C)C3881.2Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC1=C(C2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=O)C=C(C2=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C3=CC=C(O)C=C23)N1[Si](C)(C)C4310.6Standard polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O)N1[Si](C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C3671.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O)N1[Si](C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C3826.2Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O)N1[Si](C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C4294.1Standard polar33892256
Violacein,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)N1[Si](C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C3683.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)N1[Si](C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C3876.3Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)N1[Si](C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C4117.4Standard polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]1)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4217.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]1)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4425.5Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]1)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4424.6Standard polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2[NH]C=C(C3=CC(C4=C5C=CC=CC5=NC4=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N3[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C14241.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2[NH]C=C(C3=CC(C4=C5C=CC=CC5=NC4=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N3[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C14434.6Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2[NH]C=C(C3=CC(C4=C5C=CC=CC5=NC4=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N3[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C14420.4Standard polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=C(C2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=O)C=C(C2=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C3=CC=C(O)C=C23)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4188.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=C(C2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=O)C=C(C2=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C3=CC=C(O)C=C23)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4492.6Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=C(C2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=O)C=C(C2=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C3=CC=C(O)C=C23)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4444.6Standard polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4202.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4438.7Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,3TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4431.3Standard polar33892256
Violacein,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4371.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Violacein,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4670.9Standard non polar33892256
Violacein,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(C1=CC(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=NC3=O)=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CN2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4351.5Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-02t9-0209000000-889cafac2f91db93ed8e2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_2_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_2_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TMS_2_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_2_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_2_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Violacein GC-MS (TBDMS_2_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID78435916
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound11053
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]