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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 15:12:49 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:16:35 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0003315
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB03315
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCyclohexanone
DescriptionCyclohexanone is a colorless oily liquid with an odor resembling acetone and peppermint. Cyclohexanone is occasionally found as a volatile component of human urine. Biological fluids such as blood and urine have been shown to contain a large number of components, some of them volatiles (low boiling point) apparently present in all individuals, while others such are much more variable. In some cases differences up to an order of magnitude are observed. Although some of these changes may have dietary origins, others seem to be characteristic of the individual. Cyclohexanone is obtained through oxidation of cyclohexane or dehydrogenation of phenol. Approx. 95% of its manufacturing is used for the production of nylon. Information on toxicity to human beings is fragmentary. Acute exposure is characterized by irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. In two persons, drowsiness and renal impairment were found; however, these workers were also exposed to other compounds. Hepatic disorders were found in a group of workers exposed for over five years. In animals, cyclohexanone is characterized by relatively low acute toxicity (DL50 by intragastric administration is approximately 2 g/kg body wt.). Effects on the central nervous system (CNS) were found (narcosis), as well as irritation of the eyes and skin. Following multiple administration, effects were found in the CNS, liver, and kidneys as well as irritation of the conjunctiva. Mutagenic and genotoxic effects were found, but no teratogenic effects were detected; however, there were embryotoxic effects and influence on reproduction Cyclohexanone is well absorbed through the skin, respiratory tract, and alimentary tract. The main metabolic pathway leads to cyclohexanol, which is excreted in urine coupled with glucuronic acid. A high correlation was found between the concentration of cyclohexanone in the working environment and its concentration in urine. Cyclohexanone is formed from the hydrocarbons cyclohexane and 1-, 2-, and 3-hexanol. A patient's case report documents the development of anosmia (an olfactory disorder) and rhinitis caused by occupational exposure to organic solvents, including cyclohexanone (PMID:10476412 , 16925936 , 16477465 ).
Structure
Data?1676999795
Synonyms
ValueSource
Cyclohexyl ketoneChEBI
KetocyclohexaneChEBI
KetohexamethyleneChEBI
OxocyclohexaneChEBI
ANONHMDB
AnoneHMDB
CicloesanoneHMDB
Cyclic ketoneHMDB
CyclohexanonHMDB
Cyclohexanone homopolymerHMDB
CykloheksanonHMDB
HexanonHMDB
Hytrol OHMDB
HytroloHMDB
NadoneHMDB
Pimelic ketoneHMDB
Pimelin ketoneHMDB
Rcra waste number u057HMDB
SextoneHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H10O
Average Molecular Weight98.143
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight98.073164942
IUPAC Namecyclohexanone
Traditional Namecyclohexanone
CAS Registry Number108-94-1
SMILES
O=C1CCCCC1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C6H10O/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H2
InChI KeyJHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclic ketones. These are organic compounds containing a ketone that is conjugated to a cyclic moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbonyl compounds
Direct ParentCyclic ketones
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Cyclic ketone
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point-31 °CNot Available
Boiling Point154.00 to 156.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm HgThe Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility25 mg/mL at 25 °CNot Available
LogP0.81HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility19.6 g/LALOGPS
logP1.03ALOGPS
logP1.49ChemAxon
logS-0.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)-7.3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area17.07 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity28.25 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability11.16 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+119.78331661259
DarkChem[M-H]-113.77831661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+129.03230932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-126.82630932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-162.32230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+137.14230932474
AllCCS[M+H]+121.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+116.932859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+126.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+127.832859911
AllCCS[M-H]-121.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-125.132859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-128.632859911

Predicted Retention Times

Underivatized

Chromatographic MethodRetention TimeReference
Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022.3.13 minutes32390414
Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 202212.6475 minutes33406817
Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 20225.28 minutes32390414
Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid1595.5 seconds40023050
Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid462.6 seconds40023050
Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid164.0 seconds40023050
Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid306.3 seconds40023050
RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid294.7 seconds40023050
Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid429.1 seconds40023050
BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid513.8 seconds40023050
HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate)123.6 seconds40023050
UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid1097.2 seconds40023050
BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid319.7 seconds40023050
UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid1019.9 seconds40023050
SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid298.7 seconds40023050
RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid345.2 seconds40023050
MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate547.0 seconds40023050
KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA431.6 seconds40023050
Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water117.9 seconds40023050

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
CyclohexanoneO=C1CCCCC11283.1Standard polar33892256
CyclohexanoneO=C1CCCCC1845.6Standard non polar33892256
CyclohexanoneO=C1CCCCC1886.5Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Cyclohexanone,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CCCCC11116.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Cyclohexanone,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CCCCC11114.0Standard non polar33892256
Cyclohexanone,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CCCCC11295.8Standard polar33892256
Cyclohexanone,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CCCCC11308.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Cyclohexanone,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CCCCC11289.3Standard non polar33892256
Cyclohexanone,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CCCCC11503.6Standard polar33892256
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Feces
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Clostridium difficile infection
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Ulcerative colitis
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Crohn's disease
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Ulcerative colitis
  1. De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
Crohn's disease
  1. De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB02060
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB003418
KNApSAcK IDC00052902
Chemspider ID7679
KEGG Compound IDC00414
BioCyc IDCYCLOHEXANONE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkCyclohexanone
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound7967
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17854
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1098591
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Zheng M, McErlane KM, Ong MC: Hydromorphone metabolites: isolation and identification from pooled urine samples of a cancer patient. Xenobiotica. 2002 May;32(5):427-39. [PubMed:12065064 ]
  2. Authors unspecified: Cyclohexanone. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1999;71 Pt 3:1359-64. [PubMed:10476412 ]
  3. Muttray A, Haxel B, Mann W, Letzel S: [Toxic anosmia and rhinitis due to occupational solvent exposure]. HNO. 2006 Nov;54(11):883-7. [PubMed:16477465 ]
  4. Walker R, Flanagan RJ, Lennard MS, Mills GA, Walker V: Solid-phase microextraction: investigation of the metabolism of substances that may be abused by inhalation. J Chromatogr Sci. 2006 Aug;44(7):387-93. [PubMed:16925936 ]