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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-11 17:33:41 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:52:22 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0029940
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB29940
Metabolite Identification
Common NameAlginic acid
DescriptionAlginic acid, also referred to as algin or alginate, is a hydrophilic, anionic polysaccharide that occurs naturally in brown seaweeds (Laminaria sp., Macrocystis sp., Lessonia sp., and others). It is normally present on the cell walls and in the intracellular spaces of these seaweeds (PMID: 30000910 ). Alginate forms a viscous gel when mixed with water. It is mainly used as a thickener and stabilizer in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. It has a unique ability to absorb and conform to small details making it ideal for creating dental impressions, hands, feet or other small-scale items. Alginate is also used as a thickening agent for soups, ice-cream, cosmetics, jellies, drinks and pharmaceutical preparations, including Gaviscon, which is used to inhibit acid reflux (PMID: 2258131 , 231639 , 4738939 , 6483217 , 13224336 ). Alginate is also used as a pharmaceutical ingredient to treat a variety of health conditions including diabetes, cholesterol, obesity, and digestive tract problems (PMID: 27738945 , 6355904 , 22054948 ). Its principal function in biomedical applications is as a hydrogel to treat wound healing and in tissue engineering (PMID: 23020277 , 1724711 , 31841826 , 391598 , 19235799 , 30959985 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC12H20O12P2
Average Molecular Weight418.2275
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight418.042999128
IUPAC Name6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid
Traditional Name6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid
CAS Registry Number9005-32-7
SMILES
OC1C(O)C(OC2C(O)C(O)C(OP)OC2C(O)=O)OC(C1P)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C12H20O12P2/c13-1-3(15)12(24-26)22-6(9(17)18)5(1)21-11-4(16)2(14)8(25)7(23-11)10(19)20/h1-8,11-16H,25-26H2,(H,17,18)(H,19,20)
InChI KeyFHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as glucuronic acid derivatives. Glucuronic acid derivatives are compounds containing a glucuronic acid moiety (or a derivative), which consists of a glucose moiety with the C6 carbon oxidized to a carboxylic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentGlucuronic acid derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Glucuronic acid or derivatives
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Monosaccharide
  • Oxane
  • Pyran
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Acetal
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organophosphorus compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling Point716.00 to 718.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm HgThe Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility1000000 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP-3.203 (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB13518
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB001212
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC01768
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkAlginic acid
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound131704328
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17548
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1097561
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme is active on polyhydroxylated estrogens (such as estriol, 4-hydroxyestrone and 2-hydroxyestriol) and xenobiotics (such as 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, 4-nitrophenol, 2-aminophenol, 4-hydroxybiphenyl and menthol). It is capable of 6 alpha-hydroxyglucuronidation of hyodeoxycholic acid.
Gene Name:
UGT2B4
Uniprot ID:
P06133
Molecular weight:
60512.035
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate.
Gene Name:
UGT1A4
Uniprot ID:
P22310
Molecular weight:
60024.535
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Its unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol suggests it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent and active estrogen metabolites. Is also active with androsterone, hyodeoxycholic acid and tetrachlorocatechol (in vitro).
Gene Name:
UGT2B7
Uniprot ID:
P16662
Molecular weight:
60720.15
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
Gene Name:
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P22309
Molecular weight:
59590.91
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols.
Gene Name:
UGT1A9
Uniprot ID:
O60656
Molecular weight:
59940.495
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols.
Gene Name:
UGT1A6
Uniprot ID:
P19224
Molecular weight:
60750.215