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Showing metabocard for 3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal (HMDB0036171)

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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-11 21:14:00 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:25:08 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0036171
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB36171
Metabolite Identification
Common Name3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal
Description3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aromatic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids containing at least one aromatic ring. Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on 3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal.
Structure
Data?1677000308
MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

  Mrv0541 05061308552D          

 13 13  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    0.0000    2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289   -1.6500    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145   -1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289   -2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    2.0625    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434   -2.8875    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  4  3  1  0  0  0  0
  7  5  1  0  0  0  0
  8  6  2  0  0  0  0
  9  3  1  0  0  0  0
 10  1  1  0  0  0  0
 10  2  1  0  0  0  0
 11  4  1  0  0  0  0
 11  5  2  0  0  0  0
 11  6  1  0  0  0  0
 12  7  2  0  0  0  0
 12  8  1  0  0  0  0
 12 10  1  0  0  0  0
 13  9  2  0  0  0  0
M  END
Download

3D MOL for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

HMDB0036171
     RDKit          3D
3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal
 29 29  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -3.4807   -1.2617   -0.1737 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7554   -0.0163    0.2292 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.1736    1.0877   -0.7194 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2900   -0.1815    0.2703 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5890    0.0336    1.4374 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7639   -0.0946    1.5695 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.5041   -0.4720    0.4423 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.9557   -0.6310    0.6319 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7616    0.6123    0.6067 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.6726    1.3497   -0.6564 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0323    1.0056   -1.6082 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.8318   -0.6943   -0.7358 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5520   -0.5516   -0.8272 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.9089   -2.1957    0.0165 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7526   -1.2628   -1.2578 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.4394   -1.3234    0.3793 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.1152    0.2837    1.2343 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.2611    0.9567   -0.9159 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.0450    2.0428   -0.1767 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.5576    1.1348   -1.6195 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.1455    0.3314    2.3397 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2535    0.0918    2.5258 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2793   -1.3721   -0.1473 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0933   -1.0857    1.6602 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.8668    0.3913    0.7599 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.4990    1.2681    1.4947 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.2515    2.2983   -0.7133 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3443   -1.0076   -1.6333 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0439   -0.7376   -1.7830 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  2  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  7  8  1  0
  8  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
 10 11  2  0
  7 12  1  0
 12 13  2  0
 13  4  1  0
  1 14  1  0
  1 15  1  0
  1 16  1  0
  2 17  1  0
  3 18  1  0
  3 19  1  0
  3 20  1  0
  5 21  1  0
  6 22  1  0
  8 23  1  0
  8 24  1  0
  9 25  1  0
  9 26  1  0
 10 27  1  0
 12 28  1  0
 13 29  1  0
M  END
Download

3D SDF for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

  Mrv0541 05061308552D          

 13 13  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    0.0000    2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289   -1.6500    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145   -1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289   -2.4750    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    2.0625    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    1.2375    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434   -2.8875    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  4  3  1  0  0  0  0
  7  5  1  0  0  0  0
  8  6  2  0  0  0  0
  9  3  1  0  0  0  0
 10  1  1  0  0  0  0
 10  2  1  0  0  0  0
 11  4  1  0  0  0  0
 11  5  2  0  0  0  0
 11  6  1  0  0  0  0
 12  7  2  0  0  0  0
 12  8  1  0  0  0  0
 12 10  1  0  0  0  0
 13  9  2  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0036171

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
CC(C)C1=CC=C(CCC=O)C=C1

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C12H16O/c1-10(2)12-7-5-11(6-8-12)4-3-9-13/h5-10H,3-4H2,1-2H3

> <INCHI_KEY>
RLEFOSDUWZYGOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C12H16O

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
176.2548

> <EXACT_MASS>
176.120115134

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
21.144009011654248

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
1

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
3-[4-(propan-2-yl)phenyl]propanal

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
3.72

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
3.1419556686666663

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-3.88

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
1

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
15.300493681428112

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-6.95172544642181

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
17.07

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
55.232

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
4

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
2.33e-02 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
3-(4-isopropylphenyl)propanal

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
1

$$$$
Download

3D-SDF for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

HMDB0036171
     RDKit          3D
3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal
 29 29  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -3.4807   -1.2617   -0.1737 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7554   -0.0163    0.2292 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.1736    1.0877   -0.7194 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2900   -0.1815    0.2703 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5890    0.0336    1.4374 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7639   -0.0946    1.5695 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.5041   -0.4720    0.4423 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.9557   -0.6310    0.6319 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7616    0.6123    0.6067 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.6726    1.3497   -0.6564 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0323    1.0056   -1.6082 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.8318   -0.6943   -0.7358 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5520   -0.5516   -0.8272 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.9089   -2.1957    0.0165 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7526   -1.2628   -1.2578 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.4394   -1.3234    0.3793 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.1152    0.2837    1.2343 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.2611    0.9567   -0.9159 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.0450    2.0428   -0.1767 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.5576    1.1348   -1.6195 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.1455    0.3314    2.3397 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2535    0.0918    2.5258 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2793   -1.3721   -0.1473 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0933   -1.0857    1.6602 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.8668    0.3913    0.7599 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.4990    1.2681    1.4947 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.2515    2.2983   -0.7133 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3443   -1.0076   -1.6333 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0439   -0.7376   -1.7830 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  2  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  7  8  1  0
  8  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
 10 11  2  0
  7 12  1  0
 12 13  2  0
 13  4  1  0
  1 14  1  0
  1 15  1  0
  1 16  1  0
  2 17  1  0
  3 18  1  0
  3 19  1  0
  3 20  1  0
  5 21  1  0
  6 22  1  0
  8 23  1  0
  8 24  1  0
  9 25  1  0
  9 26  1  0
 10 27  1  0
 12 28  1  0
 13 29  1  0
M  END
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PDB for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 06-MAY-13   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   06-MAY-13         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0       0.000   4.620   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0       2.667   4.620   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0       2.667  -3.080   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0       1.334  -2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       2.667   0.000   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0       0.000   0.000   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0       2.667   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0       0.000   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  C   UNK     0       2.667  -4.620   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0       1.334   3.850   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   11  C   UNK     0       1.334  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   12  C   UNK     0       1.334   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   13  O   UNK     0       4.001  -5.390   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1   10                                                            
CONECT    2   10                                                            
CONECT    3    4    9                                                       
CONECT    4    3   11                                                       
CONECT    5    7   11                                                       
CONECT    6    8   11                                                       
CONECT    7    5   12                                                       
CONECT    8    6   12                                                       
CONECT    9    3   13                                                       
CONECT   10    1    2   12                                                  
CONECT   11    4    5    6                                                  
CONECT   12    7    8   10                                                  
CONECT   13    9                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   13    0   26    0
END
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3D PDB for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

COMPND    HMDB0036171
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1      -3.481  -1.262  -0.174  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  C2  UNL     1      -2.755  -0.016   0.229  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C3  UNL     1      -3.174   1.088  -0.719  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C4  UNL     1      -1.290  -0.182   0.270  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  C5  UNL     1      -0.589   0.034   1.437  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  C6  UNL     1       0.764  -0.095   1.570  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  C7  UNL     1       1.504  -0.472   0.442  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    8  C8  UNL     1       2.956  -0.631   0.632  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    9  C9  UNL     1       3.762   0.612   0.607  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  C10 UNL     1       3.673   1.350  -0.656  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   11  O1  UNL     1       3.032   1.006  -1.608  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   12  C11 UNL     1       0.832  -0.694  -0.736  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   13  C12 UNL     1      -0.552  -0.552  -0.827  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   14  H1  UNL     1      -2.909  -2.196   0.017  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H2  UNL     1      -3.753  -1.263  -1.258  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H3  UNL     1      -4.439  -1.323   0.379  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   17  H4  UNL     1      -3.115   0.284   1.234  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   18  H5  UNL     1      -4.261   0.957  -0.916  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   19  H6  UNL     1      -3.045   2.043  -0.177  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   20  H7  UNL     1      -2.558   1.135  -1.619  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   21  H8  UNL     1      -1.146   0.331   2.340  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   22  H9  UNL     1       1.254   0.092   2.526  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   23  H10 UNL     1       3.279  -1.372  -0.147  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   24  H11 UNL     1       3.093  -1.086   1.660  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   25  H12 UNL     1       4.867   0.391   0.760  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   26  H13 UNL     1       3.499   1.268   1.495  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   27  H14 UNL     1       4.252   2.298  -0.713  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   28  H15 UNL     1       1.344  -1.008  -1.633  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   29  H16 UNL     1      -1.044  -0.738  -1.783  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2   14   15   16
CONECT    2    3    4   17
CONECT    3   18   19   20
CONECT    4    5    5   13
CONECT    5    6   21
CONECT    6    7    7   22
CONECT    7    8   12
CONECT    8    9   23   24
CONECT    9   10   25   26
CONECT   10   11   11   27
CONECT   12   13   13   28
CONECT   13   29
END
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SMILES for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

CC(C)C1=CC=C(CCC=O)C=C1
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INCHI for HMDB0036171 (3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)propanal)

InChI=1S/C12H16O/c1-10(2)12-7-5-11(6-8-12)4-3-9-13/h5-10H,3-4H2,1-2H3
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View in JSmolView Stereo Labels
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-(P-Cumenyl)propionaldehydeHMDB
3-(P-Isopropylphenyl)propionaldehydeHMDB
3-(P-Isopropylphenyl)propionaldeydeHMDB
3-P-Cumenyl-propionaldehydeHMDB
3-P-CumenylpropionaldehydeHMDB
4-(1-Methylethyl)-benzenepropanalHMDB
4-(1-Methylethyl)benzenepropanalHMDB
4-(1-Methylethyl)benzenepropanal, 9ciHMDB
CuminacetaldehydeHMDB
Cuminyl acetaldehydeHMDB
FEMA 2957HMDB
P-CymylpropanalHMDB
P-Isopropyl-hydrocinnamaldehydeHMDB
P-IsopropylhydrocinnamaldehydeHMDB
Chemical FormulaC12H16O
Average Molecular Weight176.2548
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight176.120115134
IUPAC Name3-[4-(propan-2-yl)phenyl]propanal
Traditional Name3-(4-isopropylphenyl)propanal
CAS Registry Number7775-00-0
SMILES
CC(C)C1=CC=C(CCC=O)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C12H16O/c1-10(2)12-7-5-11(6-8-12)4-3-9-13/h5-10H,3-4H2,1-2H3
InChI KeyRLEFOSDUWZYGOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aromatic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids containing at least one aromatic ring.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassMonoterpenoids
Direct ParentAromatic monoterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Monocyclic monoterpenoid
  • Aromatic monoterpenoid
  • P-cymene
  • Phenylpropane
  • Cumene
  • Benzenoid
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Alpha-hydrogen aldehyde
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aldehyde
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effect
Organoleptic effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Biological roleIndustrial application
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling Point253.00 to 254.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility60.17 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP3.370The Good Scents Company Information System
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB015025
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID56405
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound62654
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1034191
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  2. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  3. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  4. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  5. (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .
  6. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.