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Showing metabocard for 2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate (HMDB0038040)

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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-11 23:19:19 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:26:19 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0038040
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB38040
Metabolite Identification
Common Name2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate
Description2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid esters. These are carboxylic ester derivatives of a fatty acid. Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on 2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate.
Structure
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MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

  Mrv0541 05061310112D          

 11 10  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
   -0.1914    0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5230    1.9520    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.8099    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0954   -0.1105    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2375    0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.3809    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5230    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0954    0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9520    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9520    1.9520    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.6664    0.7145    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  7  1  1  0  0  0  0
  7  2  1  0  0  0  0
  7  5  1  0  0  0  0
  8  3  1  0  0  0  0
  8  4  1  0  0  0  0
  8  6  1  0  0  0  0
  9  5  1  0  0  0  0
 10  9  2  0  0  0  0
 11  6  1  0  0  0  0
 11  9  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
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3D MOL for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

HMDB0038040
     RDKit          3D
2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate
 29 28  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    2.8879    0.9525    0.8479 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5797   -0.4162    0.2875 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.8837   -1.1769    0.2242 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9663   -0.3632   -1.0826 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7456    0.3508   -1.1030 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3688    0.0095   -0.3718 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.2962   -1.0055    0.3633 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6124    0.8393   -0.4696 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7015    0.2996    0.4004 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.9114    1.1984    0.2363 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.0937   -1.1045    0.0475 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2239    1.6703    0.0901 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0243    1.3272    1.4404 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7175    0.8234    1.5753 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9423   -0.9421    1.0258 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4017   -1.0940    1.1991 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.6720   -2.2449    0.0567 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.5660   -0.8222   -0.5543 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.6858    0.1317   -1.7564 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.8433   -1.3989   -1.4343 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9886    0.8648   -1.5181 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3804    1.8709   -0.1126 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3834    0.3254    1.4820 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.0623    1.8500    1.1043 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8217    1.8518   -0.6550 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.8491    0.6068    0.0816 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6670   -1.3712   -0.9421 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.8103   -1.8463    0.8329 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1934   -1.1863   -0.0611 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  8  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
  9 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  1 14  1  0
  2 15  1  0
  3 16  1  0
  3 17  1  0
  3 18  1  0
  4 19  1  0
  4 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
  8 22  1  0
  9 23  1  0
 10 24  1  0
 10 25  1  0
 10 26  1  0
 11 27  1  0
 11 28  1  0
 11 29  1  0
M  END
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3D SDF for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

  Mrv0541 05061310112D          

 11 10  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
   -0.1914    0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5230    1.9520    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.8099    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0954   -0.1105    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2375    0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.3809    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5230    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0954    0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9520    1.1270    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9520    1.9520    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.6664    0.7145    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  7  1  1  0  0  0  0
  7  2  1  0  0  0  0
  7  5  1  0  0  0  0
  8  3  1  0  0  0  0
  8  4  1  0  0  0  0
  8  6  1  0  0  0  0
  9  5  1  0  0  0  0
 10  9  2  0  0  0  0
 11  6  1  0  0  0  0
 11  9  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0038040

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
CC(C)COC(=O)CC(C)C

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C9H18O2/c1-7(2)5-9(10)11-6-8(3)4/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H3

> <INCHI_KEY>
KEBDNKNVCHQIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C9H18O2

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
158.238

> <EXACT_MASS>
158.13067982

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
18.805099479440088

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
2-methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
2.86

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
2.598975125999999

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-2.16

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
0

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-7.036143206482694

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
26.3

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
44.9335

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
5

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
1.09e+00 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
isobutyl isovalerate

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
1

$$$$
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3D-SDF for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

HMDB0038040
     RDKit          3D
2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate
 29 28  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    2.8879    0.9525    0.8479 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5797   -0.4162    0.2875 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.8837   -1.1769    0.2242 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9663   -0.3632   -1.0826 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7456    0.3508   -1.1030 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3688    0.0095   -0.3718 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.2962   -1.0055    0.3633 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6124    0.8393   -0.4696 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7015    0.2996    0.4004 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.9114    1.1984    0.2363 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.0937   -1.1045    0.0475 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2239    1.6703    0.0901 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0243    1.3272    1.4404 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7175    0.8234    1.5753 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9423   -0.9421    1.0258 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4017   -1.0940    1.1991 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.6720   -2.2449    0.0567 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.5660   -0.8222   -0.5543 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.6858    0.1317   -1.7564 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.8433   -1.3989   -1.4343 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9886    0.8648   -1.5181 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3804    1.8709   -0.1126 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3834    0.3254    1.4820 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.0623    1.8500    1.1043 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8217    1.8518   -0.6550 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.8491    0.6068    0.0816 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6670   -1.3712   -0.9421 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.8103   -1.8463    0.8329 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1934   -1.1863   -0.0611 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  8  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
  9 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  1 14  1  0
  2 15  1  0
  3 16  1  0
  3 17  1  0
  3 18  1  0
  4 19  1  0
  4 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
  8 22  1  0
  9 23  1  0
 10 24  1  0
 10 25  1  0
 10 26  1  0
 11 27  1  0
 11 28  1  0
 11 29  1  0
M  END
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PDB for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 06-MAY-13   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   06-MAY-13         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0      -0.357   1.334   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0       0.976   3.644   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0       8.978   2.104   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0       7.645  -0.206   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       2.310   1.334   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0       6.311   2.104   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0       0.976   2.104   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0       7.645   1.334   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  C   UNK     0       3.644   2.104   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   10  O   UNK     0       3.644   3.644   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   11  O   UNK     0       4.977   1.334   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    7                                                            
CONECT    2    7                                                            
CONECT    3    8                                                            
CONECT    4    8                                                            
CONECT    5    7    9                                                       
CONECT    6    8   11                                                       
CONECT    7    1    2    5                                                  
CONECT    8    3    4    6                                                  
CONECT    9    5   10   11                                                  
CONECT   10    9                                                            
CONECT   11    6    9                                                       
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   11    0   20    0
END
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3D PDB for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

COMPND    HMDB0038040
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1       2.888   0.953   0.848  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  C2  UNL     1       2.580  -0.416   0.288  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C3  UNL     1       3.884  -1.177   0.224  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C4  UNL     1       1.966  -0.363  -1.083  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  O1  UNL     1       0.746   0.351  -1.103  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    6  C5  UNL     1      -0.369   0.009  -0.372  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  O2  UNL     1      -0.296  -1.006   0.363  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    8  C6  UNL     1      -1.612   0.839  -0.470  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    9  C7  UNL     1      -2.702   0.300   0.400  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  C8  UNL     1      -3.911   1.198   0.236  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   11  C9  UNL     1      -3.094  -1.105   0.047  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   12  H1  UNL     1       3.224   1.670   0.090  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H2  UNL     1       2.024   1.327   1.440  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H3  UNL     1       3.718   0.823   1.575  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H4  UNL     1       1.942  -0.942   1.026  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H5  UNL     1       4.402  -1.094   1.199  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   17  H6  UNL     1       3.672  -2.245   0.057  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   18  H7  UNL     1       4.566  -0.822  -0.554  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   19  H8  UNL     1       2.686   0.132  -1.756  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   20  H9  UNL     1       1.843  -1.399  -1.434  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   21  H10 UNL     1      -1.989   0.865  -1.518  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   22  H11 UNL     1      -1.380   1.871  -0.113  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   23  H12 UNL     1      -2.383   0.325   1.482  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   24  H13 UNL     1      -4.062   1.850   1.104  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   25  H14 UNL     1      -3.822   1.852  -0.655  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   26  H15 UNL     1      -4.849   0.607   0.082  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   27  H16 UNL     1      -2.667  -1.371  -0.942  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   28  H17 UNL     1      -2.810  -1.846   0.833  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   29  H18 UNL     1      -4.193  -1.186  -0.061  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2   12   13   14
CONECT    2    3    4   15
CONECT    3   16   17   18
CONECT    4    5   19   20
CONECT    5    6
CONECT    6    7    7    8
CONECT    8    9   21   22
CONECT    9   10   11   23
CONECT   10   24   25   26
CONECT   11   27   28   29
END
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SMILES for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

CC(C)COC(=O)CC(C)C
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INCHI for HMDB0038040 (2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate)

InChI=1S/C9H18O2/c1-7(2)5-9(10)11-6-8(3)4/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H3
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View in JSmolView Stereo Labels
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoic acidGenerator
2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutyrateHMDB
2-Methylpropyl isovalerateHMDB
2-Methylpropyl-3-methylbutyrateHMDB
Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 2-methylpropyl esterHMDB
FEMA 3369HMDB
Isobutyl 3-methylbutanoateHMDB
Isobutyl 3-methylpropanoateHMDB
Isobutyl isopentanoateHMDB
Isobutyl isovalerateHMDB
IsobutylisovalerateHMDB
Isovaleric acid, isobutyl esterHMDB
Chemical FormulaC9H18O2
Average Molecular Weight158.238
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight158.13067982
IUPAC Name2-methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate
Traditional Nameisobutyl isovalerate
CAS Registry Number589-59-3
SMILES
CC(C)COC(=O)CC(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C9H18O2/c1-7(2)5-9(10)11-6-8(3)4/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H3
InChI KeyKEBDNKNVCHQIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid esters. These are carboxylic ester derivatives of a fatty acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acid esters
Direct ParentFatty acid esters
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Fatty acid ester
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effect
Organoleptic effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Biological roleIndustrial application
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling Point168.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm HgThe Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility136.1 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP3.021 (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Feces
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)		 details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
  1. Raman M, Ahmed I, Gillevet PM, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM, Smith S, Greenwood R, Sikaroodi M, Lam V, Crotty P, Bailey J, Myers RP, Rioux KP: Fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound metabolome in obese humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jul;11(7):868-75.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.015. Epub 2013 Feb 27. [PubMed:23454028 ]
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB017250
KNApSAcK IDC00055940
Chemspider ID11030
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound11514
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1000631
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  2. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  3. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  4. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  5. (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .
  6. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.