Hmdb loader
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00199
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5431
  • HMDBP03801
Name Retinal dehydrogenase 1
Synonyms
  1. ALDH-E1
  2. ALHDII
  3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1
  4. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic
  5. RALDH 1
  6. RalDH1
Gene Name ALDH1A1
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific Function Binds free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Can convert/oxidize retinaldehyde to retinoic acid (By similarity).
Pathways
  • Cyclophosphamide Action Pathway
  • Cyclophosphamide Metabolism Pathway
  • Ifosfamide Action Pathway
  • Ifosfamide Metabolism Pathway
  • Nevirapine Metabolism Pathway
  • Retinol metabolism
  • Retinol Metabolism
  • Vitamin A Deficiency
Reactions
Retinal + NAD + Water → 13-cis-Retinoic acid + NADH details
Retinal + NAD + Water → all-trans-Retinoic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
9-cis-Retinal + NAD + Water → 9-cis-Retinoic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
GO Classification
Biological Process
cellular aldehyde metabolic process
retinol metabolic process
xenobiotic metabolic process
ethanol oxidation
Cellular Component
cytosol
Function
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity
Molecular Function
retinal dehydrogenase activity
aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity
androgen binding
Ras GTPase activator activity
Process
metabolic process
oxidation reduction
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 9
Locus 9q21.13
SNPs ALDH1A1
Gene Sequence
>1506 bp
ATGTCATCCTCAGGCACGCCAGACTTACCTGTCCTACTCACCGATTTGAAGATTCAATAT
ACTAAGATCTTCATAAACAATGAATGGCATGATTCAGTGAGTGGCAAGAAATTTCCTGTC
TTTAATCCTGCAACTGAGGAGGAGCTCTGCCAGGTAGAAGAAGGAGATAAGGAGGATGTT
GACAAGGCAGTGAAGGCCGCAAGACAGGCTTTTCAGATTGGATCTCCGTGGCGTACTATG
GATGCTTCCGAGAGGGGGCGACTATTATACAAGTTGGCTGATTTAATCGAAAGAGATCGT
CTGCTGCTGGCGACAATGGAGTCAATGAATGGTGGAAAACTCTATTCCAATGCATATCTG
AGTGATTTAGCAGGCTGCATCAAAACATTGCGCTACTGTGCAGGTTGGGCTGACAAGATC
CAGGGCCGTACAATACCAATTGATGGAAATTTTTTTACATATACAAGACATGAACCTATT
GGTGTATGTGGCCAAATCATTCCTTGGAATTTCCCGTTGGTTATGCTCATTTGGAAGATA
GGGCCTGCACTGAGCTGTGGAAACACAGTGGTTGTCAAACCAGCAGAGCAAACTCCTCTC
ACTGCTCTCCACGTGGCATCTTTAATAAAAGAGGCAGGGTTTCCTCCTGGAGTAGTGAAT
ATTGTTCCTGGTTATGGGCCTACAGCAGGGGCAGCCATTTCTTCTCACATGGATATAGAC
AAAGTAGCCTTCACAGGATCAACAGAGGTTGGCAAGTTGATCAAAGAAGCTGCCGGGAAA
AGCAATCTGAAGAGGGTGACCCTGGAGCTTGGAGGAAAGAGCCCTTGCATTGTGTTAGCT
GATGCCGACTTGGACAATGCTGTTGAATTTGCACACCATGGGGTATTCTACCACCAGGGC
CAGTGTTGTATAGCCGCATCCAGGATTTTTGTGGAAGAATCAATTTATGATGAGTTTGTT
CGAAGGAGTGTTGAGCGGGCTAAGAAGTATATCCTTGGAAATCCTCTGACCCCAGGAGTC
ACTCAAGGCCCTCAGATTGACAAGGAACAATATGATAAAATACTTGACCTCATTGAGAGT
GGGAAGAAAGAAGGGGCCAAACTGGAATGTGGAGGAGGCCCGTGGGGGAATAAAGGCTAC
TTTGTCCAGCCCACAGTGTTCTCTAATGTTACAGATGAGATGCGCATTGCCAAAGAGGAG
ATTTTTGGACCAGTGCAGCAAATCATGAAGTTTAAATCTTTAGATGACGTGATCAAAAGA
GCAAACAATACTTTCTATGGCTTATCAGCAGGAGTGTTTACCAAAGACATTGATAAAGCC
ATAACAATCTCCTCTGCTCTGCAGGCAGGAACAGTGTGGGTGAATTGCTATGGCGTGGTA
AGTGCCCAGTGCCCCTTTGGCGGATTCAAGATGTCTGGAAATGGAAGAGAACTGGGAGAG
TACGGTTTCCATGAATATACAGAGGTCAAAACAGTCACAGTGAAAATCTCTCAGAAGAAC
TCATAA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 501
Molecular Weight 54861.44
Theoretical pI 6.725
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Retinal dehydrogenase 1
MSSSGTPDLPVLLTDLKIQYTKIFINNEWHDSVSGKKFPVFNPATEEELCQVEEGDKEDV
DKAVKAARQAFQIGSPWRTMDASERGRLLYKLADLIERDRLLLATMESMNGGKLYSNAYL
NDLAGCIKTLRYCAGWADKIQGRTIPIDGNFFTYTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLVMLIWKI
GPALSCGNTVVVKPAEQTPLTALHVASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGYGPTAGAAISSHMDID
KVAFTGSTEVGKLIKEAAGKSNLKRVTLELGGKSPCIVLADADLDNAVEFAHHGVFYHQG
QCCIAASRIFVEESIYDEFVRRSVERAKKYILGNPLTPGVTQGPQIDKEQYDKILDLIES
GKKEGAKLECGGGPWGNKGYFVQPTVFSNVTDEMRIAKEEIFGPVQQIMKFKSLDDVIKR
ANNTFYGLSAGVFTKDIDKAITISSALQAGTVWVNCYGVVSAQCPFGGFKMSGNGRELGE
YGFHEYTEVKTVTVKISQKNS
GenBank ID Protein 2183299
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P00352
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1A1_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID AF003341
GeneCard ID ALDH1A1
GenAtlas ID ALDH1A1
HGNC ID HGNC:402
References
General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  2. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1175371. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed:19608861 ]
  3. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed:15164053 ]
  4. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Yoshida A: Genomic structure of the human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1989 Nov;5(4):857-65. [PubMed:2591967 ]
  5. Zheng CF, Wang TT, Weiner H: Cloning and expression of the full-length cDNAS encoding human liver class 1 and class 2 aldehyde dehydrogenase. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993 Aug;17(4):828-31. [PubMed:8214422 ]
  6. Yoshida A, Hsu LC, Yanagawa Y: Biological role of human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase 1: hormonal response, retinal oxidation and implication in testicular feminization. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;328:37-44. [PubMed:8493914 ]
  7. Hempel J, von Bahr-Lindstrom H, Jornvall H: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver. Primary structure of the cytoplasmic isoenzyme. Eur J Biochem. 1984 May 15;141(1):21-35. [PubMed:6723659 ]
  8. Yoshida A, Ikawa M, Hsu LC, Tani K: Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. Alcohol. 1985 Jan-Feb;2(1):103-6. [PubMed:4015823 ]
  9. Hsu LC, Tani K, Fujiyoshi T, Kurachi K, Yoshida A: Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3771-5. [PubMed:2987944 ]
  10. Abriola DP, Fields R, Stein S, MacKerell AD Jr, Pietruszko R: Active site of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 1987 Sep 8;26(18):5679-84. [PubMed:3676276 ]
  11. Agarwal DP, Cohn P, Goedde HW, Hempel J: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes: structural relationship to the liver cytosolic isozyme. Enzyme. 1989;42(1):47-52. [PubMed:2776714 ]