Hmdb loader
Survey
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00357
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5593
Name Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
Synonyms
  1. Hydroxymethylbilane hydrolyase [cyclizing]
  2. UROIIIS
  3. UROS
  4. Uroporphyrinogen-III cosynthase
Gene Name UROS
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in uroporphyrinogen-III synthase activity
Specific Function Catalyzes cyclization of the linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane, to the macrocyclic uroporphyrinogen III, the branch point for the various sub-pathways leading to the wide diversity of porphyrins. Porphyrins act as cofactors for a multitude of enzymes that perform a variety of processes within the cell such as methionine synthesis (vitamin B12) or oxygen transport (heme).
Pathways
  • Acute Intermittent Porphyria
  • Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria (CEP) or Gunther Disease
  • Hereditary Coproporphyria (HCP)
  • Porphyria Variegata (PV)
  • Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
  • Porphyrin Metabolism
  • protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis
Reactions
Hydroxymethylbilane → Uroporphyrinogen III + Water details
GO Classification
Biological Process
cellular response to arsenic-containing substance
heme biosynthetic process
protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process
cellular response to amine stimulus
uroporphyrinogen III biosynthetic process
response to antibiotic
Cellular Component
cytosol
mitochondrion
Function
catalytic activity
lyase activity
carbon-oxygen lyase activity
hydro-lyase activity
uroporphyrinogen-iii synthase activity
Molecular Function
cofactor binding
uroporphyrinogen-III synthase activity
Process
metabolic process
biosynthetic process
cellular biosynthetic process
heterocycle biosynthetic process
tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 10
Locus 10q25.2-q26.3
SNPs UROS
Gene Sequence
>798 bp
ATGAAGGTTCTTTTACTGAAGGATGCGAAGGAAGATGACTGTGGCCAGGATCCGTATATC
AGGGAATTAGGATTATATGGACTTGAAGCCACTTTGATCCCTGTTTTATCGTTTGAGTTT
TTGTCTCTTCCCAGTTTCTCTGAGAAGCTTTCTCATCCTGAAGATTACGGGGGACTCATT
TTTACCAGCCCCAGAGCAGTGGAAGCAGCAGAGTTATGTTTGGAGCAAAACAATAAAACT
GAAGTCTGGGAAAGGTCTCTGAAAGAAAAATGGAATGCCAAGTCAGTGTATGTGGTTGGA
AATGCTACTGCTTCTCTAGTGAGTAAAATTGGCCTGGATACAGAAGGAGAAACCTGTGGA
AATGCAGAAAAGCTTGCAGAATATATTTGTTCCAGGGAGTCCTCAGCACTGCCTCTTCTA
TTTCCCTGTGGAAACCTCAAAAGAGAAATCCTGCCAAAAGCGCTCAAGGACAAAGGGATT
GCCATGGAAAGCATAACTGTGTATCAGACAGTTGCACACCCAGGAATCCAAGGGAACCTG
AACAGCTACTATTCCCAGCAGGGGGTTCCAGCCAGCATCACATTTTTTAGTCCCTCTGGC
CTCACATACAGTCTCAAGCACATTCAGGAGTTATCTGGTGACAATATCGATCAAATTAAG
TTTGCAGCCATCGGCCCCACTACGGCTCGCGCGCTGGCCGCCCAGGGCCTTCCTGTAAGC
TGCACTGCAGAGAGCCCCACGCCACAAGCCCTGGCCACTGGCATCAGGAAGGCTCTCCAG
CCCCATGGCTGCTGCTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 265
Molecular Weight 28627.37
Theoretical pI 5.471
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
MKVLLLKDAKEDDCGQDPYIRELGLYGLEATLIPVLSFEFLSLPSFSEKLSHPEDYGGLI
FTSPRAVEAAELCLEQNNKTEVWERSLKEKWNAKSVYVVGNATASLVSKIGLDTEGETCG
NAEKLAEYICSRESSALPLLFPCGNLKREILPKALKDKGIAMESITVYQTVAHPGIQGNL
NSYYSQQGVPASITFFSPSGLTYSLKHIQELSGDNIDQIKFAAIGPTTARALAAQGLPVS
CTAESPTPQALATGIRKALQPHGCC
GenBank ID Protein 337463
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P10746
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name HEM4_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID J03824
GeneCard ID UROS
GenAtlas ID UROS
HGNC ID HGNC:12592
References
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed:14702039 ]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  3. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed:15164054 ]
  4. Tsai SF, Bishop DF, Desnick RJ: Human uroporphyrinogen III synthase: molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of a full-length cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(19):7049-53. [PubMed:3174619 ]
  5. Aizencang G, Solis C, Bishop DF, Warner C, Desnick RJ: Human uroporphyrinogen-III synthase: genomic organization, alternative promoters, and erythroid-specific expression. Genomics. 2000 Dec 1;70(2):223-31. [PubMed:11112350 ]
  6. Xu W, Astrin KH, Desnick RJ: Molecular basis of congenital erythropoietic porphyria: mutations in the human uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene. Hum Mutat. 1996;7(3):187-92. [PubMed:8829650 ]
  7. Mathews MA, Schubert HL, Whitby FG, Alexander KJ, Schadick K, Bergonia HA, Phillips JD, Hill CP: Crystal structure of human uroporphyrinogen III synthase. EMBO J. 2001 Nov 1;20(21):5832-9. [PubMed:11689424 ]
  8. Deybach JC, de Verneuil H, Boulechfar S, Grandchamp B, Nordmann Y: Point mutations in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene in congenital erythropoietic porphyria (Gunther's disease). Blood. 1990 May 1;75(9):1763-5. [PubMed:2331520 ]
  9. Boulechfar S, Da Silva V, Deybach JC, Nordmann Y, Grandchamp B, de Verneuil H: Heterogeneity of mutations in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene in congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Hum Genet. 1992 Jan;88(3):320-4. [PubMed:1733834 ]
  10. Warner CA, Yoo HW, Roberts AG, Desnick RJ: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria: identification and expression of exonic mutations in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene. J Clin Invest. 1992 Feb;89(2):693-700. [PubMed:1737856 ]
  11. Xu W, Warner CA, Desnick RJ: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria: identification and expression of 10 mutations in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene. J Clin Invest. 1995 Feb;95(2):905-12. [PubMed:7860775 ]
  12. Tanigawa K, Bensidhoum M, Takamura N, Namba H, Yamashita S, de Verneuil H, Ged C: A novel point mutation in congenital erythropoietic porphyria in two members of Japanese family. Hum Genet. 1996 May;97(5):557-60. [PubMed:8655129 ]
  13. Takamura N, Hombrados I, Tanigawa K, Namba H, Nagayama Y, de Verneuil H, Yamashita S: Novel point mutation in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene causes congenital erythropoietic porphyria of a Japanese family. Am J Med Genet. 1997 Jun 13;70(3):299-302. [PubMed:9188670 ]
  14. Tezcan I, Xu W, Gurgey A, Tuncer M, Cetin M, Oner C, Yetgin S, Ersoy F, Aizencang G, Astrin KH, Desnick RJ: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria successfully treated by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 1998 Dec 1;92(11):4053-8. [PubMed:9834209 ]
  15. Frank J, Wang X, Lam HM, Aita VM, Jugert FK, Goerz G, Merk HF, Poh-Fitzpatrick MB, Christiano AM: C73R is a hotspot mutation in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene in congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Ann Hum Genet. 1998 May;62(Pt 3):225-30. [PubMed:9803266 ]
  16. Rogounovitch T, Takamura N, Hombrados I, Morel C, Tanaka T, Kameyoshi Y, Shimizu-Yoshida Y, de Verneuil H, Yamashita S: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria: a novel homozygous mutation in a Japanese patient. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Dec;115(6):1156. [PubMed:11121156 ]
  17. Shady AA, Colby BR, Cunha LF, Astrin KH, Bishop DF, Desnick RJ: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria: identification and expression of eight novel mutations in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene. Br J Haematol. 2002 Jun;117(4):980-7. [PubMed:12060141 ]
  18. Ged C, Megarbane H, Chouery E, Lalanne M, Megarbane A, de Verneuil H: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria: report of a novel mutation with absence of clinical manifestations in a homozygous mutant sibling. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 Sep;123(3):589-91. [PubMed:15304101 ]