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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00827
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 6108
Name Glutathione S-transferase A4
Synonyms
  1. GST class-alpha member 4
  2. Glutathione S-transferase A4-4
Gene Name GSTA4
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in glutathione transferase activity
Specific Function Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. This isozyme has a high catalytic efficiency with 4-hydroxyalkenals such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE).
Pathways
  • Chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts
  • Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450
  • Glutathione metabolism
  • Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
Reactions
RX + Glutathione → HX + R-S-glutathione details
RX + Glutathione → Halide + R-S-Glutathione details
Naphthalene epoxide + Glutathione → (1R)-Hydroxy-(2R)-glutathionyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene details
(1S,2R)-Naphthalene 1,2-oxide + Glutathione → (1R)-Glutathionyl-(2R)-hydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene details
(1S,2R)-Naphthalene 1,2-oxide + Glutathione → (1S)-Hydroxy-(2S)-glutathionyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene details
1-Nitronaphthalene-7,8-oxide + Glutathione → 1-Nitro-7-hydroxy-8-glutathionyl-7,8-dihydronaphthalene details
1-Nitronaphthalene-7,8-oxide + Glutathione → 1-Nitro-7-glutathionyl-8-hydroxy-7,8-dihydronaphthalene details
1-Nitronaphthalene-5,6-oxide + Glutathione → 1-Nitro-5-hydroxy-6-glutathionyl-5,6-dihydronaphthalene details
1-Nitronaphthalene-5,6-oxide + Glutathione → 1-Nitro-5-glutathionyl-6-hydroxy-5,6-dihydronaphthalene details
Bromobenzene-3,4-oxide + Glutathione → 3,4-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-S-glutathionyl bromobenzene details
Bromobenzene-2,3-oxide + Glutathione → 2,3-Dihydro-2-S-glutathionyl-3-hydroxy bromobenzene details
Benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-oxide + Glutathione → 4,5-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-5-S-glutathionyl-benzo[a]pyrene details
Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol + Glutathione → 7,8-Dihydro-7-hydroxy-8-S-glutathionyl-benzo[a]pyrene + Water details
2,2-Dichloroacetaldehyde + Glutathione → S-(2,2-Dichloro-1-hydroxy)ethyl glutathione details
1,1-Dichloroethylene epoxide + Glutathione → 2-(S-Glutathionyl)acetyl chloride + Hydrochloric acid details
Chloroacetyl chloride + Glutathione → S-(2-Chloroacetyl)glutathione + Hydrochloric acid details
2-(S-Glutathionyl)acetyl chloride + Glutathione → 2-(S-Glutathionyl)acetyl glutathione + Hydrochloric acid details
Trichloroethylene + Glutathione → S-(1,2-Dichlorovinyl)glutathione + Hydrochloric acid details
1,2-Dibromoethane + Glutathione + Hydrogen Ion → Glutathione episulfonium ion + Bromide details
2-Bromoacetaldehyde + Glutathione → S-(Formylmethyl)glutathione + Bromide details
Aldophosphamide + Glutathione → 4-Glutathionyl cyclophosphamide + Water details
2,3-Epoxyaflatoxin B1 + Glutathione → Aflatoxin B1exo-8,9-epoxide-GSH details
GO Classification
Biological Process
glutathione metabolic process
xenobiotic metabolic process
Cellular Component
cytosol
Function
catalytic activity
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups
glutathione transferase activity
Molecular Function
glutathione transferase activity
Process
metabolic process
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 6
Locus 6p12.1
SNPs GSTA4
Gene Sequence
>669 bp
ATGGCAGCAAGGCCCAAGCTCCACTATCCCAACGGAAGAGGCCGGATGGAGTCCGTGAGA
TGGGTTTTAGCTGCCGCCGGAGTCGAGTTTGATGAAGAATTTCTGGAAACAAAAGAACAG
TTGTACAAGTTGCAGGATGGTAACCACCTGCTGTTCCAACAAGTGCCCATGGTTGAAATT
GACGGGATGAAGTTGGTACAGACCCGAAGCATTCTCCACTACATAGCAGACAAGCACAAT
CTCTTTGGCAAGAACCTCAAGGAGAGAACCCTGATTGACATGTACGTGGAGGGGACACTG
GATCTGCTGGAACTGCTTATCATGCATCCTTTCTTAAAACCAGATGATCAGCAAAAGGAA
GTGGTTAACATGGCCCAGAAGGCTATAATTAGATACTTTCCTGTGTTTGAAAAGATTTTA
AGGGGTCACGGACAAAGCTTTCTTGTTGGTAATCAGCTGAGCCTTGCAGATGTGATTTTA
CTCCAAACCATTTTAGCTCTAGAAGAGAAAATTCCTAATATCCTGTCTGCATTTCCTTTC
CTCCAGGAATACACAGTGAAACTAAGTAATATCCCTACAATTAAGAGATTCCTTGAACCT
GGCAGCAAGAAGAAGCCTCCCCCTGATGAAATTTATGTGAGAACCGTCTACAACATCTTT
AGGCCATAA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 222
Molecular Weight 25703.905
Theoretical pI 8.267
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Glutathione S-transferase A4
MAARPKLHYPNGRGRMESVRWVLAAAGVEFDEEFLETKEQLYKLQDGNHLLFQQVPMVEI
DGMKLVQTRSILHYIADKHNLFGKNLKERTLIDMYVEGTLDLLELLIMHPFLKPDDQQKE
VVNMAQKAIIRYFPVFEKILRGHGQSFLVGNQLSLADVILLQTILALEEKIPNILSAFPF
LQEYTVKLSNIPTIKRFLEPGSKKKPPPDEIYVRTVYNIFRP
GenBank ID Protein 2597924
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O15217
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GSTA4_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID Y13047
GeneCard ID GSTA4
GenAtlas ID GSTA4
HGNC ID HGNC:4629
References
General References
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  4. Board PG: Identification of cDNAs encoding two human alpha class glutathione transferases (GSTA3 and GSTA4) and the heterologous expression of GSTA4-4. Biochem J. 1998 Mar 1;330 ( Pt 2):827-31. [PubMed:9480897 ]
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  6. Liu S, Stoesz SP, Pickett CB: Identification of a novel human glutathione S-transferase using bioinformatics. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998 Apr 15;352(2):306-13. [PubMed:9587421 ]
  7. Desmots F, Rauch C, Henry C, Guillouzo A, Morel F: Genomic organization, 5'-flanking region and chromosomal localization of the human glutathione transferase A4 gene. Biochem J. 1998 Dec 1;336 ( Pt 2):437-42. [PubMed:9820822 ]
  8. Bruns CM, Hubatsch I, Ridderstrom M, Mannervik B, Tainer JA: Human glutathione transferase A4-4 crystal structures and mutagenesis reveal the basis of high catalytic efficiency with toxic lipid peroxidation products. J Mol Biol. 1999 May 7;288(3):427-39. [PubMed:10329152 ]