Hmdb loader
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00926
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 6214
  • HMDBP04899
  • HMDBP09376
  • HMDBP10748
Name Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
Synonyms
  1. HEP-NOS
  2. Hepatocyte NOS
  3. Inducible NO synthase
  4. Inducible NOS
  5. NOS type II
  6. iNOS
  7. Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase NOS2
Gene Name NOS2
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific Function Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions. Also has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such COX2.
Pathways
  • Amoebiasis
  • Arginine and proline metabolism
  • Calcium signaling pathway
  • Chagas disease
  • HIF-1 signaling pathway
  • Leishmaniasis
  • Peroxisome
  • Pertussis
  • Salmonella infection
  • Small cell lung cancer
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Tuberculosis
Reactions
L-Arginine + NADPH + Oxygen → Citrulline + Nitric oxide + NADP + Water details
NADPH + N(omega)-Hydroxyarginine + Oxygen + Hydrogen Ion → NADP + Nitric oxide + Citrulline + Water details
L-Arginine + Oxygen + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion → Nitric oxide + Citrulline + NADP + Water details
L-Arginine + Oxygen + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion → N(omega)-Hydroxyarginine + NADP + Water details
GO Classification
Biological Process
superoxide metabolic process
regulation of cell proliferation
nitric oxide mediated signal transduction
peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation
inflammatory response
positive regulation of vasodilation
negative regulation of blood pressure
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
blood coagulation
interaction with host
phagosome maturation
positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity
defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
innate immune response in mucosa
negative regulation of protein catabolic process
positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism
positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity
regulation of cellular respiration
regulation of insulin secretion
arginine catabolic process
response to hypoxia
negative regulation of gene expression
cellular response to interferon-gamma
nitric oxide biosynthetic process
Cellular Component
cytosol
perinuclear region of cytoplasm
nucleus
peroxisome
cortical cytoskeleton
Function
nadp binding
fad binding
ion binding
cation binding
metal ion binding
purine nucleotide binding
binding
nucleotide binding
catalytic activity
transition metal ion binding
nucleoside binding
purine nucleoside binding
adenyl nucleotide binding
electron transporter activity
calmodulin binding
nitric-oxide synthase activity
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, nad or nadh as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
iron ion binding
protein binding
nadp or nadph binding
coenzyme binding
monooxygenase activity
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, nadh or nadph as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
cofactor binding
heme binding
fmn binding
oxidoreductase activity
transporter activity
tetrapyrrole binding
fad or fadh2 binding
Molecular Function
NADP binding
iron ion binding
FMN binding
NADPH-hemoprotein reductase activity
heme binding
protein homodimerization activity
arginine binding
nitric-oxide synthase activity
tetrahydrobiopterin binding
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
Process
metabolic process
nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular metabolism
cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process
nitric oxide biosynthetic process
biosynthesis
nitric oxide biosynthesis
electron transport
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
physiological process
metabolism
oxidation reduction
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 17
Locus 17q11.2-q12
SNPs NOS2
Gene Sequence
>3462 bp
ATGGCCTGTCCTTGGAAATTTCTGTTCAAGACCAAATTCCACCAGTATGCAATGAATGGG
GAAAAAGACATCAACAACAATGTGGAGAAAGCCCCCTGTGCCACCTCCAGTCCAGTGACA
CAGGATGACCTTCAGTATCACAACCTCAGCAAGCAGCAGAATGAGTCCCCGCAGCCCCTC
GTGGAGACGGGAAAGAAGTCTCCAGAATCTCTGGTCAAGCTGGATGCAACCCCATTGTCC
TCCCCACGGCATGTGAGGATCAAAAACTGGGGCAGCGGGATGACTTTCCAAGACACACTT
CACCATAAGGCCAAAGGGATTTTAACTTGCAGGTCCAAATCTTGCCTGGGGTCCATTATG
ACTCCCAAAAGTTTGACCAGAGGACCCAGGGACAAGCCTACCCCTCCAGATGAGCTTCTA
CCTCAAGCTATCGAATTTGTCAACCAATATTACGGCTCCTTCAAAGAGGCAAAAATAGAG
GAACATCTGGCCAGGGTGGAAGCGGTAACAAAGGAGATAGAAACAACAGGAACCTACCAA
CTGACGGGAGATGAGCTCATCTTCGCCACCAAGCAGGCCTGGCGCAATGCCCCACGCTGC
ATTGGGAGGATCCAGTGGTCCAACCTGCAGGTCTTCGATGCCCGCAGCTGTTCCACTGCC
CGGGAAATGTTTGAACACATCTGCAGACACGTGCGTTACTCCACCAACAATGGCAACATC
AGGTCGGCCATCACCGTGTTCCCCCAGCGGAGTGATGGCAAGCACGACTTCCGGGTGTGG
AATGCTCAGCTCATCCGCTATGCTGGCTACCAGATGCCAGATGGCAGCATCAGAGGGGAC
CCTGCCAACGTGGAATTCACTCAGCTGTGCATCGACCTGGGCTGGAAGCCCAAGTACGGC
CGCTTCGATGTGGTCCCCCTGGTCCTGCAGGCCAATGGCCGTGACCCTGAGCTCTTCGAA
ATCCCACCTGACCTTGTGCTTGAGGTGGCCATGGAACATCCCAAATACGAGTGGTTTCGG
GAACTGGAGCTAAAGTGGTACGCCCTGCCTGCAGTGGCCAACATGCTGCTTGAGGTGGGC
GGCCTGGAGTTCCCAGGGTGCCCCTTCAATGGCTGGTACATGGGCACAGAGATCGGAGTC
CGGGACTTCTGTGACGTCCAGCGCTACAACATCCTGGAGGAAGTGGGCAGGAGAATGGGC
CTGGAAACGCACAAGCTGGCCTCGCTCTGGAAAGACCAGGCTGTCGTTGAGATCAACATT
GCTGTGCTCCATAGTTTCCAGAAGCAGAATGTGACCATCATGGACCACCACTCGGCTGCA
GAATCCTTCATGAAGTACATGCAGAATGAATACCGGTCCCGTGGGGGCTGCCCGGCAGAC
TGGATTTGGCTGGTCCCTCCCATGTCTGGGAGCATCACCCCCGTGTTTCACCAGGAGATG
CTGAACTACGTCCTGTCCCCTTTCTACTACTATCAGGTAGAGGCCTGGAAAACCCATGTC
TGGCAGGACGAGAAGCGGAGACCCAAGAGAAGAGAGATTCCATTGAAAGTCTTGGTCAAA
GCTGTGCTCTTTGCCTGTATGCTGATGCGCAAGACAATGGCGTCCCGAGTCAGAGTCACC
ATCCTCTTTGCGACAGAGACAGGAAAATCAGAGGCGCTGGCCTGGGACCTGGGGGCCTTA
TTCAGCTGTGCCTTCAACCCCAAGGTTGTCTGCATGGATAAGTACAGGCTGAGCTGCCTG
GAGGAGGAACGGCTGCTGTTGGTGGTGACCAGTACGTTTGGCAATGGAGACTGCCCTGGC
AATGGAGAGAAACTGAAGAAATCGCTCTTCATGCTGAAAGAGCTCAACAACAAATTCAGG
TACGCTGTGTTTGGCCTCGGCTCCAGCATGTACCCTCGGTTCTGCGCCTTTGCTCATGAC
ATTGATCAGAAGCTGTCCCACCTGGGGGCCTCTCAGCTCACCCCGATGGGAGAAGGGGAT
GAGCTCAGTGGGCAGGAGGACGCCTTCCGCAGCTGGGCCGTGCAAACCTTCAAGGCAGCC
TGTGAGACGTTTGATGTCCGAGGCAAACAGCACATTCAGATCCCCAAGCTCTACACCTCC
AATGTGACCTGGGACCCGCACCACTACAGGCTCGTGCAGGACTCACAGCCTTTGGACCTC
AGCAAAGCCCTCAGCAGCATGCATGCCAAGAACGTGTTCACCATGAGGCTCAAATCTCGG
CAGAATCTACAAAGTCCGACATCCAGCCGTGCCACCATCCTGGTGGAACTCTCCTGTGAG
GATGGCCAAGGCCTGAACTACCTGCCGGGGGAGCACCTTGGGGTTTGCCCAGGCAACCAG
CCGGCCCTGGTCCAAGGCATCCTGGAGCGAGTGGTGGATGGCCCCACACCCCACCAGACA
GTGCGCCTGGAGGCCCTGGATGAGAGTGGCAGCTACTGGGTCAGTGACAAGAGGCTGCCC
CCCTGCTCACTCAGCCAGGCCCTCACCTACTTCCTGGACATCACCACACCCCCAACCCAG
CTGCTGCTCCAAAAGCTGGCCCAGGTGGCCACAGAAGAGCCTGAGAGACAGAGGCTGGAG
GCCCTGTGCCAGCCCTCAGAGTACAGCAAGTGGAAGTTCACCAACAGCCCCACATTCCTG
GAGGTGCTAGAGGAGTTCCCGTCCCTGCGGGTGTCTGCTGGCTTCCTGCTTTCCCAGCTC
CCCATTCTGAAGCCCAGGTTCTACTCCATCAGCTCCTCCCGGGATCACACGCCCACGGAG
ATCCACCTGACTGTGGCCGTGGTCACCTACCACACCCGAGATGGCCAGGGTCCCCTGCAC
CACGGCGTCTGCAGCACATGGCTCAACAGCCTGAAGCCCCAAGACCCAGTGCCCTGCTTT
GTGCGGAATGCCAGCGGCTTCCACCTCCCCGAGGATCCCTCCCATCCTTGCATCCTCATC
GGGCCTGGCACAGGCATCGCGCCCTTCCGCAGTTTCTGGCAGCAACGGCTCCATGACTCC
CAGCACAAGGGAGTGCGGGGAGGCCGCATGACCTTGGTGTTTGGGTGCCGCCGCCCAGAT
GAGGACCACATCTACCAGGAGGAGATGCTGGAGATGGCCCAGAAGGGGGTGCTGCATGCG
GTGCACACAGCCTATTCCCGCCTGCCTGGCAAGCCCAAGGTCTATGTTCAGGACATCCTG
CGGCAGCAGCTGGCCAGCGAGGTGCTCCGTGTGCTCCACAAGGAGCCAGGCCACCTCTAT
GTTTGCGGGGATGTGCGCATGGCCCGGGACGTGGCCCACACCCTGAAGCAGCTGGTGGCT
GCCAAGCTGAAATTGAATGAGGAGCAGGTCGAGGACTATTTCTTTCAGCTCAAGAGCCAG
AAGCGCTATCACGAAGATATCTTTGGTGCTGTATTTCCTTACGAGGCGAAGAAGGACAGG
GTGGCGGTGCAGCCCAGCAGCCTGGAGATGTCAGCGCTCTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 1153
Molecular Weight 131116.3
Theoretical pI 7.954
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
MACPWKFLFKTKFHQYAMNGEKDINNNVEKAPCATSSPVTQDDLQYHNLSKQQNESPQPL
VETGKKSPESLVKLDATPLSSPRHVRIKNWGSGMTFQDTLHHKAKGILTCRSKSCLGSIM
TPKSLTRGPRDKPTPPDELLPQAIEFVNQYYGSFKEAKIEEHLARVEAVTKEIETTGTYQ
LTGDELIFATKQAWRNAPRCIGRIQWSNLQVFDARSCSTAREMFEHICRHVRYSTNNGNI
RSAITVFPQRSDGKHDFRVWNAQLIRYAGYQMPDGSIRGDPANVEFTQLCIDLGWKPKYG
RFDVVPLVLQANGRDPELFEIPPDLVLEVAMEHPKYEWFRELELKWYALPAVANMLLEVG
GLEFPGCPFNGWYMGTEIGVRDFCDVQRYNILEEVGRRMGLETHKLASLWKDQAVVEINI
AVLHSFQKQNVTIMDHHSAAESFMKYMQNEYRSRGGCPADWIWLVPPMSGSITPVFHQEM
LNYVLSPFYYYQVEAWKTHVWQDEKRRPKRREIPLKVLVKAVLFACMLMRKTMASRVRVT
ILFATETGKSEALAWDLGALFSCAFNPKVVCMDKYRLSCLEEERLLLVVTSTFGNGDCPG
NGEKLKKSLFMLKELNNKFRYAVFGLGSSMYPRFCAFAHDIDQKLSHLGASQLTPMGEGD
ELSGQEDAFRSWAVQTFKAACETFDVRGKQHIQIPKLYTSNVTWDPHHYRLVQDSQPLDL
SKALSSMHAKNVFTMRLKSRQNLQSPTSSRATILVELSCEDGQGLNYLPGEHLGVCPGNQ
PALVQGILERVVDGPTPHQTVRLEALDESGSYWVSDKRLPPCSLSQALTYFLDITTPPTQ
LLLQKLAQVATEEPERQRLEALCQPSEYSKWKFTNSPTFLEVLEEFPSLRVSAGFLLSQL
PILKPRFYSISSSRDHTPTEIHLTVAVVTYHTRDGQGPLHHGVCSTWLNSLKPQDPVPCF
VRNASGFHLPEDPSHPCILIGPGTGIAPFRSFWQQRLHDSQHKGVRGGRMTLVFGCRRPD
EDHIYQEEMLEMAQKGVLHAVHTAYSRLPGKPKVYVQDILRQQLASEVLRVLHKEPGHLY
VCGDVRMARDVAHTLKQLVAAKLKLNEEQVEDYFFQLKSQKRYHEDIFGAVFPYEAKKDR
VAVQPSSLEMSAL
GenBank ID Protein 24041029
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P35228
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NOS2_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID L24553
GeneCard ID NOS2
GenAtlas ID NOS2
HGNC ID HGNC:7873
References
General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  2. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed:16959974 ]
  3. Sherman PA, Laubach VE, Reep BR, Wood ER: Purification and cDNA sequence of an inducible nitric oxide synthase from a human tumor cell line. Biochemistry. 1993 Nov 2;32(43):11600-5. [PubMed:7692964 ]
  4. Geller DA, Lowenstein CJ, Shapiro RA, Nussler AK, Di Silvio M, Wang SC, Nakayama DK, Simmons RL, Snyder SH, Billiar TR: Molecular cloning and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase from human hepatocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Apr 15;90(8):3491-5. [PubMed:7682706 ]
  5. Charles IG, Palmer RM, Hickery MS, Bayliss MT, Chubb AP, Hall VS, Moss DW, Moncada S: Cloning, characterization, and expression of a cDNA encoding an inducible nitric oxide synthase from the human chondrocyte. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Dec 1;90(23):11419-23. [PubMed:7504305 ]
  6. Maier R, Bilbe G, Rediske J, Lotz M: Inducible nitric oxide synthase from human articular chondrocytes: cDNA cloning and analysis of mRNA expression. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Sep 21;1208(1):145-50. [PubMed:7522054 ]
  7. Park CS, Pardhasaradhi K, Gianotti C, Villegas E, Krishna G: Human retina expresses both constitutive and inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):85-91. [PubMed:7528017 ]
  8. Hokari A, Zeniya M, Esumi H: Cloning and functional expression of human inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cDNA from a glioblastoma cell line A-172. J Biochem. 1994 Sep;116(3):575-81. [PubMed:7531687 ]
  9. Guo FH, De Raeve HR, Rice TW, Stuehr DJ, Thunnissen FB, Erzurum SC: Continuous nitric oxide synthesis by inducible nitric oxide synthase in normal human airway epithelium in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Aug 15;92(17):7809-13. [PubMed:7544004 ]
  10. Luss H, Li RK, Shapiro RA, Tzeng E, McGowan FX, Yoneyama T, Hatakeyama K, Geller DA, Mickle DA, Simmons RL, Billiar TR: Dedifferentiated human ventricular cardiac myocytes express inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA but not protein in response to IL-1, TNF, IFNgamma, and LPS. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1997 Apr;29(4):1153-65. [PubMed:9160867 ]
  11. McLay JS, Chatterjee P, Nicolson AG, Jardine AG, McKay NG, Ralston SH, Grabowski P, Haites NE, MacLeod AM, Hawksworth GM: Nitric oxide production by human proximal tubular cells: a novel immunomodulatory mechanism? Kidney Int. 1994 Oct;46(4):1043-9. [PubMed:7532248 ]
  12. Fujisawa H, Ogura T, Hokari A, Weisz A, Yamashita J, Esumi H: Inducible nitric oxide synthase in a human glioblastoma cell line. J Neurochem. 1995 Jan;64(1):85-91. [PubMed:7528267 ]
  13. Bloch KD, Wolfram JR, Brown DM, Roberts JD Jr, Zapol DG, Lepore JJ, Filippov G, Thomas JE, Jacob HJ, Bloch DB: Three members of the nitric oxide synthase II gene family (NOS2A, NOS2B, and NOS2C) colocalize to human chromosome 17. Genomics. 1995 Jun 10;27(3):526-30. [PubMed:7558036 ]
  14. Taylor BS, Alarcon LH, Billiar TR: Inducible nitric oxide synthase in the liver: regulation and function. Biochemistry (Mosc). 1998 Jul;63(7):766-81. [PubMed:9721329 ]
  15. Glynne PA, Darling KE, Picot J, Evans TJ: Epithelial inducible nitric-oxide synthase is an apical EBP50-binding protein that directs vectorial nitric oxide output. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):33132-8. Epub 2002 Jun 21. [PubMed:12080081 ]
  16. Li H, Raman CS, Glaser CB, Blasko E, Young TA, Parkinson JF, Whitlow M, Poulos TL: Crystal structures of zinc-free and -bound heme domain of human inducible nitric-oxide synthase. Implications for dimer stability and comparison with endothelial nitric-oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 23;274(30):21276-84. [PubMed:10409685 ]
  17. Fischmann TO, Hruza A, Niu XD, Fossetta JD, Lunn CA, Dolphin E, Prongay AJ, Reichert P, Lundell DJ, Narula SK, Weber PC: Structural characterization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms reveals striking active-site conservation. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Mar;6(3):233-42. [PubMed:10074942 ]
  18. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD, Altschul SF, Zeeberg B, Buetow KH, Schaefer CF, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Jordan H, Moore T, Max SI, Wang J, Hsieh F, Diatchenko L, Marusina K, Farmer AA, Rubin GM, Hong L, Stapleton M, Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brownstein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Prange C, Raha SS, Loquellano NA, Peters GJ, Abramson RD, Mullahy SJ, Bosak SA, McEwan PJ, McKernan KJ, Malek JA, Gunaratne PH, Richards S, Worley KC, Hale S, Garcia AM, Gay LJ, Hulyk SW, Villalon DK, Muzny DM, Sodergren EJ, Lu X, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madan A, Young AC, Shevchenko Y, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Touchman JW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Krzywinski MI, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Marra MA: Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11. [PubMed:12477932 ]