Hmdb loader
Survey
You are using an unsupported browser. Please upgrade your browser to a newer version to get the best experience on Human Metabolome Database.
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP01324
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 6620
Name DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
Synonyms
  1. DNA-PK catalytic subunit
  2. DNA-PKcs
  3. DNPK1
  4. p460
Gene Name PRKDC
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in binding
Specific Function Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a molecular sensor for DNA damage. Involved in DNA nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination. Must be bound to DNA to express its catalytic properties. Promotes processing of hairpin DNA structures in V(D)J recombination by activation of the hairpin endonuclease artemis (DCLRE1C). The assembly of the DNA-PK complex at DNA ends is also required for the NHEJ ligation step. Required to protect and align broken ends of DNA. May also act as a scaffold protein to aid the localization of DNA repair proteins to the site of damage. Found at the ends of chromosomes, suggesting a further role in the maintenance of telomeric stability and the prevention of chromosomal end fusion. Also involved in modulation of transcription. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX/H2AFX, thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Phosphorylates DCLRE1C, c-Abl/ABL1, histone H1, HSPCA, c-jun/JUN, p53/TP53, PARP1, POU2F1, DHX9, SRF, XRCC1, XRCC1, XRCC4, XRCC5, XRCC6, WRN, MYC and RFA2. Can phosphorylate C1D not only in the presence of linear DNA but also in the presence of supercoiled DNA. Ability to phosphorylate TP53/p53 in the presence of supercoiled DNA is dependent on C1D
Pathways Not Available
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Component
organelle
membrane-bounded organelle
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
nucleus
Function
binding
catalytic activity
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
kinase activity
nucleoside binding
purine nucleoside binding
adenyl nucleotide binding
adenyl ribonucleotide binding
atp binding
phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
dna-dependent protein kinase activity
nucleic acid binding
dna binding
protein kinase activity
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
Process
metabolic process
macromolecule metabolic process
cellular macromolecule metabolic process
dna metabolic process
dna repair
non-recombinational repair
double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining
Cellular Location
  1. Nucleus
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Chromosome:8
Locus 8q11
SNPs PRKDC
Gene Sequence
>12387 bp
ATGGCGGGCTCCGGAGCCGGTGTGCGTTGCTCCCTGCTGCGGCTGCAGGAGACCTTGTCC
GCTGCGGACCGCTGCGGTGCTGCCCTGGCCGGTCATCAACTGATCCGCGGCCTGGGGCAG
GAATGCGTCCTGAGCAGCAGCCCCGCGGTGCTGGCATTACAGACATCTTTAGTTTTTTCC
AGAGATTTCGGTTTGCTTGTATTTGTCCGGAAGTCACTCAACAGTATTGAATTTCGTGAA
TGTAGAGAAGAAATCCTAAAGTTTTTATGTATTTTCTTAGAAAAAATGGGCCAGAAGATC
GCACCTTACTCTGTTGAAATTAAGAACACTTGTACCAGTGTTTATACAAAAGATAGAGCT
GCTAAATGTAAAATTCCAGCCCTGGACCTTCTTATTAAGTTACTTCAGACTTTTAGAAGT
TCTAGACTCATGGATGAATTTAAAATTGGAGAATTATTTAGTAAATTCTATGGAGAACTT
GCATTGAAAAAAAAAATACCAGATACAGTTTTAGAAAAAGTATATGAGCTCCTAGGATTA
TTGGGTGAAGTTCATCCTAGTGAGATGATAAATAATGCAGAAAACCTGTTCCGCGCTTTT
CTGGGTGAACTTAAGACCCAGATGACATCAGCAGTAAGAGAGCCCAAACTACCTGTTCTG
GCAGGATGTCTGAAGGGGTTGTCCTCACTTCTGTGCAACTTCACTAAGTCCATGGAAGAA
GATCCCCAGACTTCAAGGGAGATTTTTAATTTTGTACTAAAGGCAATTCGTCCTCAGATT
GATCTGAAGAGATATGCTGTGCCCTCAGCTGGCTTGCGCCTATTTGCCCTGCATGCATCT
CAGTTTAGCACCTGCCTTCTGGACAACTACGTGTCTCTATTTGAAGTCTTGTTAAAGTGG
TGTGCCCACACAAATGTAGAATTGAAAAAAGCTGCACTTTCAGCCCTGGAATCCTTTCTG
AAACAGGTTTCTAATATGGTGGCGAAAAATGCAGAAATGCATAAAAATAAACTGCAGTAC
TTTATGGAGCAGTTTTATGGAATCATCAGAAATGTGGATTCGAACAACAAGGAGTTATCT
ATTGCTATCCGTGGATATGGACTTTTTGCAGGACCGTGCAAGGTTATAAACGCAAAAGAT
GTTGACTTCATGTACGTTGAGCTCATTCAGCGCTGCAAGCAGATGTTCCTCACCCAGACA
GACACTGGTGACGACCGTGTTTATCAGATGCCAAGCTTCCTCCAGTCTGTTGCAAGCGTC
TTGCTGTACCTTGACACAGTTCCTGAGGTGTATACTCCAGTTCTGGAGCACCTCGTGGTG
ATGCAGATAGACAGTTTCCCACAGTACAGTCCAAAAATGCAGCTGGTGTGTTGCAGAGCC
ATAGTGAAGGTGTTCCTAGCTTTGGCAGCAAAAGGGCCAGTTCTCAGGAATTGCATTAGT
ACTGTGGTGCATCAGGGTTTAATCAGAATATGTTCTAAACCAGTGGTCCTTCCAAAGGGC
CCTGAGTCTGAATCTGAAGACCACCGTGCTTCAGGGGAAGTCAGAACTGGCAAATGGAAG
GTGCCCACATACAAAGACTACGTGGATCTCTTCAGACATCTCCTGAGCTCTGACCAGATG
ATGGATTCTATTTTAGCAGATGAAGCATTTTTCTCTGTGAATTCCTCCAGTGAAAGTCTG
AATCATTTACTTTATGATGAATTTGTAAAATCCGTTTTGAAGATTGTTGAGAAATTGGAT
CTTACACTTGAAATACAGACTGTTGGGGAACAAGAGAATGGAGATGAGGCGCCTGGTGTT
TGGATGATCCCAACTTCAGATCCAGCGGCTAACTTGCATCCAGCTAAACCTAAAGATTTT
TCGGCTTTCATTAACCTGGTGGAATTTTGCAGAGAGATTCTCCCTGAGAAACAAGCAGAA
TTTTTTGAACCATGGGTGTACTCATTTTCATATGAATTAATTTTGCAATCTACAAGGTTG
CCCCTCATCAGTGGTTTCTACAAATTGCTTTCTATTACAGTAAGAAATGCCAAGAAAATA
AAATATTTCGAGGGAGTTAGTCCAAAGAGTCTGAAACACTCTCCTGAAGACCCAGAAAAG
TATTCTTGCTTTGCTTTATTTGTGAAATTTGGCAAAGAGGTGGCAGTTAAAATGAAGCAG
TACAAAGATGAACTTTTGGCCTCTTGTTTGACCTTTCTTCTGTCCTTGCCACACAACATC
ATTGAACTCGATGTTAGAGCCTACGTTCCTGCACTGCAGATGGCTTTCAAACTGGGCCTG
AGCTATACCCCCTTGGCAGAAGTAGGCCTGAATGCTCTAGAAGAATGGTCAATTTATATT
GACAGACATGTAATGCAGCCTTATTACAAAGACATTCTCCCCTGCCTGGATGGATACCTG
AAGACTTCAGCCTTGTCAGATGAGACCAAGAATAACTGGGAAGTGTCAGCTCTTTCTCGG
GCTGCCCAGAAAGGATTTAATAAAGTGGTGTTAAAGCATCTGAAGAAGACAAAGAACCTT
TCATCAAACGAAGCAATATCCTTAGAAGAAATAAGAATTAGAGTAGTACAAATGCTTGGA
TCTCTAGGAGGACAAATAAACAAAAATCTTCTGACAGTCACGTCCTCAGATGAGATGATG
AAGAGCTATGTGGCCTGGGACAGAGAGAAGCGGCTGAGCTTTGCAGTGCCCTTTAGAGAG
ATGAAACCTGTCATTTTCCTGGATGTGTTCCTGCCTCGAGTCACAGAATTAGCGCTCACA
GCCAGTGACAGACAAACTAAAGTTGCAGCCTGTGAACTTTTACATAGCATGGTTATGTTT
ATGTTGGGCAAAGCCACGCAGATGCCAGAAGGGGGACAGGGAGCCCCACCCATGTACCAG
CTCTATAAGCGGACGTTTCCTGTGCTGCTTCGACTTGCGTGTGATGTTGATCAGGTGACA
AGGCAACTGTATGAGCCACTAGTTATGCAGCTGATTCACTGGTTCACTAACAACAAGAAA
TTTGAAAGTCAGGATACTGTTGCCTTACTAGAAGCTATATTGGATGGAATTGTGGACCCT
GTTGACAGTACTTTAAGAGATTTTTGTGGTCGGTGTATTCGAGAATTCCTTAAATGGTCC
ATTAAGCAAATAACACCACAGCAGCAGGAGAAGAGTCCAGTAAACACCAAATCGCTTTTC
AAGCGACTTTATAGCCTTGCGCTTCACCCCAATGCTTTCAAGAGGCTGGGAGCATCACTT
GCCTTTAATAATATCTACAGGGAATTCAGGGAAGAAGAGTCTCTGGTGGAACAGTTTGTG
TTTGAAGCCTTGGTGATATACATGGAGAGTCTGGCCTTAGCACATGCAGATGAGAAGTCC
TTAGGTACAATTCAACAGTGTTGTGATGCCATTGATCACCTATGCCGCATCATTGAAAAG
AAGCATGTTTCTTTAAATAAAGCAAAGAAACGACGTTTGCCGCGAGGATTTCCACCTTCC
GCATCATTGTGTTTATTGGATCTGGTCAAGTGGCTTTTAGCTCATTGTGGGAGGCCCCAG
ACAGAATGTCGACACAAATCCATTGAACTCTTTTATAAATTCGTTCCTTTATTGCCAGGC
AACAGATCCCCTAATTTGTGGCTGAAAGATGTTCTCAAGGAAGAAGGTGTCTCTTTTCTC
ATCAACACCTTTGAGGGGGGTGGCTGTGGCCAGCCCTCGGGCATCCTGGCCCAGCCCACC
CTCTTGTACCTTCGGGGGCCATTCAGCCTGCAGGCCACGCTATGCTGGCTGGACCTGCTC
CTGGCCGCGTTGGAGTGCTACAACACGTTCATTGGCGAGAGAACTGTAGGAGCGCTCCAG
GTCCTAGGTACTGAAGCCCAGTCTTCACTTTTGAAAGCAGTGGCTTTCTTCTTAGAAAGC
ATTGCCATGCATGACATTATAGCAGCAGAAAAGTGCTTTGGCACTGGGGCAGCAGGTAAC
AGAACAAGCCCACAAGAGGGAGAAAGGTACAACTACAGCAAATGCACCGTTGTGGTCCGG
ATTATGGAGTTTACCACGACTCTGCTAAACACCTCCCCGGAAGGATGGAAGCTCCTGAAG
AAGGACTTGTGTAATACACACCTGATGAGAGTCCTGGTGCAGACGCTGTGTGAGCCCGCA
AGCATAGGTTTCAACATCGGAGACGTCCAGGTTATGGCTCATCTTCCTGATGTTTGTGTG
AATCTGATGAAAGCTCTAAAGATGTCCCCATACAAAGATATCCTAGAGACCCATCTGAGA
GAGAAAATAACAGCACAGAGCATTGAGGAGCTTTGTGCCGTCAACTTGTATGGCCCTGAC
GCGCAAGTGGACAGGAGCAGGCTGGCTGCTGTTGTGTCTGCCTGTAAACAGCTTCACAGA
GCTGGGCTTCTGCATAATATATTACCGTCTCAGTCCACAGATTTGCATCATTCTGTTGGC
ACAGAACTTCTTTCCCTGGTTTATAAAGGCATTGCCCCTGGAGATGAGAGACAGTGTCTG
CCTTCTCTAGACCTCAGTTGTAAGCAGCTGGCCAGCGGACTTCTGGAGTTAGCCTTTGCT
TTTGGAGGACTGTGTGAGCGCCTTGTGAGTCTTCTCCTGAACCCAGCGGTGCTGTCCACG
GCGTCCTTGGGCAGCTCACAGGGCAGCGTCATCCACTTCTCCCATGGGGAGTATTTCTAT
AGCTTGTTCTCAGAAACGATCAACACGGAATTATTGAAAAATCTGGATCTTGCTGTATTG
GAGCTCATGCAGTCTTCAGTGGATAATACCAAAATGGTGAGTGCCGTTTTGAACGGCATG
TTAGACCAGAGCTTCAGGGAGCGAGCAAACCAGAAACACCAAGGACTGAAACTTGCGACT
ACAATTCTGCAACACTGGAAGAAGTGTGATTCATGGTGGGCCAAAGATTCCCCTCTCGAA
ACTAAAATGGCAGTGCTGGCCTTACTGGCAAAAATTTTACAGATTGATTCATCTGTATCT
TTTAATACAAGTCATGGTTCATTCCCTGAAGTCTTTACAACATATATTAGTCTACTTGCT
GACACAAAGCTGGATCTACATTTAAAGGGCCAAGCTGTCACTCTTCTTCCATTCTTCACC
AGCCTCACTGGAGGCAGTCTGGAGGAACTTAGACGTGTTCTGGAGCAGCTCATCGTTGCT
CACTTCCCCATGCAGTCCAGGGAATTTCCTCCAGGAACTCCGCGGTTCAATAATTATGTG
GACTGCATGAAAAAGTTTCTAGATGCATTGGAATTATCTCAAAGCCCTATGTTGTTGGAA
TTGATGACAGAAGTTCTTTGTCGGGAACAGCAGCATGTCATGGAAGAATTATTTCAATCC
AGTTTCAGGAGGATTGCCAGAAGGGGTTCATGTGTCACACAAGTAGGCCTTCTGGAAAGC
GTGTATGAAATGTTCAGGAAGGATGACCCCCGCCTAAGTTTCACACGCCAGTCCTTTGTG
GACCGCTCCCTCCTCACTCTGCTGTGGCACTGTAGCCTGGATGCTTTGAGAGAATTCTTC
AGCACAATTGTGGTGGATGCCATTGATGTGTTGAAGTCCAGGTTTACAAAGCTAAATGAA
TCTACCTTTGATACTCAAATCACCAAGAAGATGGGCTACTATAAGATTCTAGACGTGATG
TATTCTCGCCTTCCCAAAGATGATGTTCATGCTAAGGAATCAAAAATTAATCAAGTTTTC
CATGGCTCGTGTATTACAGAAGGAAATGAACTTACAAAGACATTGATTAAATTGTGCTAC
GATGCATTTACAGAGAACATGGCAGGAGAGAATCAGCTGCTGGAGAGGAGAAGACTTTAC
CATTGTGCAGCATACAACTGCGCCATATCTGTCATCTGCTGTGTCTTCAATGAGTTAAAA
TTTTACCAAGGTTTTCTGTTTAGTGAAAAACCAGAAAAGAACTTGCTTATTTTTGAAAAT
CTGATCGACCTGAAGCGCCGCTATAATTTTCCTGTAGAAGTTGAGGTTCCTATGGAAAGA
AAGAAAAAGTACATTGAAATTAGGAAAGAAGCCAGAGAAGCAGCAAATGGGGATTCAGAT
GGTCCTTCCTATATGTCTTCCCTGTCATATTTGGCAGACAGTACCCTGAGTGAGGAAATG
AGTCAATTTGATTTCTCAACCGGAGTTCAGAGCTATTCATACAGCTCCCAAGACCCTAGA
CCTGCCACTGGTCGTTTTCGGAGACGGGAGCAGCGGGACCCCACGGTGCATGATGATGTG
CTGGAGCTGGAGATGGACGAGCTCAATCGGCATGAGTGCATGGCGCCCCTGACGGCCCTG
GTCAAGCACATGCACAGAAGCCTGGGCCCGCCTCAAGGAGAAGAGGATTCAGTGCCAAGA
GATCTTCCTTCTTGGATGAAATTCCTCCATGGCAAACTGGGAAATCCAATAGTACCATTA
AATATCCGTCTCTTCTTAGCCAAGCTTGTTATTAATACAGAAGAGGTCTTTCGCCCTTAC
GCGAAGCACTGGCTTAGCCCCTTGCTGCAGCTGGCTGCTTCTGAAAACAATGGAGGAGAA
GGAATTCACTACATGGTGGTTGAGATAGTGGCCACTATTCTTTCATGGACAGGCTTGGCC
ACTCCAACAGGGGTCCCTAAAGATGAAGTGTTAGCAAATCGATTGCTTAATTTCCTAATG
AAACATGTCTTTCATCCAAAAAGAGCTGTGTTTAGACACAACCTTGAAATTATAAAGACC
CTTGTCGAGTGCTGGAAGGATTGTTTATCCATCCCTTATAGGTTAATATTTGAAAAGTTT
TCCGGTAAAGATCCTAATTCTAAAGACAACTCAGTAGGGATTCAATTGCTAGGCATCGTG
ATGGCCAATGACCTGCCTCCCTATGACCCACAGTGTGGCATCCAGAGTAGCGAATACTTC
CAGGCTTTGGTGAATAATATGTCCTTTGTAAGATATAAAGAAGTGTATGCCGCTGCAGCA
GAAGTTCTAGGACTTATACTTCGATATGTTATGGAGAGAAAAAACATACTGGAGGAGTCT
CTGTGTGAACTGGTTGCGAAACAATTGAAGCAACATCAGAATACTATGGAGGACAAGTTT
ATTGTGTGCTTGAACAAAGTGACCAAGAGCTTCCCTCCTCTTGCAGACAGGTTCATGAAT
GCTGTGTTCTTTCTGCTGCCAAAATTTCATGGAGTGTTGAAAACACTCTGTCTGGAGGTG
GTACTTTGTCGTGTGGAGGGAATGACAGAGCTGTACTTCCAGTTAAAGAGCAAGGACTTC
GTTCAAGTCATGAGACATAGAGATGATGAAAGACAAAAAGTATGTTTGGACATAATTTAT
AAGATGATGCCAAAGTTAAAACCAGTAGAACTCCGAGAACTTCTGAACCCCGTTGTGGAA
TTCGTTTCCCATCCTTCTACAACATGTAGGGAACAAATGTATAATATTCTCATGTGGATT
CATGATAATTACAGAGATCCAGAAAGTGAGACAGATAATGACTCCCAGGAAATATTTAAG
TTGGCAAAAGATGTGCTGATTCAAGGATTGATCGATGAGAACCCTGGACTTCAATTAATT
ATTCGAAATTTCTGGAGCCATGAAACTAGGTTACCTTCAAATACCTTGGACCGGTTGCTG
GCACTAAATTCCTTATATTCTCCTAAGATAGAAGTGCACTTTTTAAGTTTAGCAACAAAT
TTTCTGCTCGAAATGACCAGCATGAGCCCAGATTATCCAAACCCCATGTTCGAGCATCCT
CTGTCAGAATGCGAATTTCAGGAATATACCATTGATTCTGATTGGCGTTTCCGAAGTACT
GTTCTCACTCCGATGTTTGTGGAGACCCAGGCCTCCCAGGGCACTCTCCAGACCCGTACC
CAGGAAGGGTCCCTCTCAGCTCGCTGGCCAGTGGCAGGGCAGATAAGGGCCACCCAGCAG
CAGCATGACTTCACACTGACACAGACTGCAGATGGAAGAAGCTCATTTGATTGGCTGACC
GGGAGCAGCACTGACCCGCTGGTCGACCACACCAGTCCCTCATCTGACTCCTTGCTGTTT
GCCCACAAGAGGAGTGAAAGGTTACAGAGAGCACCCTTGAAGTCAGTGGGGCCTGATTTT
GGGAAAAAAAGGCTGGGCCTTCCAGGGGACGAGGTGGATAACAAAGTGAAAGGTGCGGCC
GGCCGGACGGACCTACTACGACTGCGCAGACGGTTTATGAGGGACCAGGAGAAGCTCAGT
TTGATGTATGCCAGAAAAGGCGTTGCTGAGCAAAAACGAGAGAAGGAAATCAAGAGTGAG
TTAAAAATGAAGCAGGATGCCCAGGTCGTTCTGTACAGAAGCTACCGGCACGGAGACCTT
CCTGACATTCAGATCAAGCACAGCAGCCTCATCACCCCGTTACAGGCCGTGGCCCAGAGG
GACCCAATAATTGCAAAACAGCTCTTTAGCAGCTTGTTTTCTGGAATTTTGAAAGAGATG
GATAAATTTAAGACACTGTCTGAAAAAAACAACATCACTCAAAAGTTGCTTCAAGACTTC
AATCGTTTTCTTAATACCACCTTCTCTTTCTTTCCACCCTTTGTCTCTTGTATTCAGGAC
ATTAGCTGTCAGCACGCAGCCCTGCTGAGCCTCGACCCAGCGGCTGTTAGCGCTGGTTGC
CTGGCCAGCCTACAGCAGCCCGTGGGCATCCGCCTGCTAGAGGAGGCTCTGCTCCGCCTG
CTGCCTGCTGAGCTGCCTGCCAAGCGAGTCCGTGGGAAGGCCCGCCTCCCTCCTGATGTC
CTCAGATGGGTGGAGCTTGCTAAGCTGTATAGATCAATTGGAGAATACGACGTCCTCCGT
GGGATTTTTACCAGTGAGATAGGAACAAAGCAAATCACTCAGAGTGCATTATTAGCAGAA
GCCAGAAGTGATTATTCTGAAGCTGCTAAGCAGTATGATGAGGCTCTCAATAAACAAGAC
TGGGTAGATGGTGAGCCCACAGAAGCCGAGAAGGATTTTTGGGAACTTGCATCCCTTGAC
TGTTACAACCACCTTGCTGAGTGGAAATCACTTGAATACTGTTCTACAGCCAGTATAGAC
AGTGAGAACCCCCCAGACCTAAATAAAATCTGGAGTGAACCATTTTATCAGGAAACATAT
CTACCTTACATGATCCGCAGCAAGCTGAAGCTGCTGCTCCAGGGAGAGGCTGACCAGTCC
CTGCTGACATTTATTGACAAAGCTATGCACGGGGAGCTCCAGAAGGCGATTCTAGAGCTT
CATTACAGTCAAGAGCTGAGTCTGCTTTACCTCCTGCAAGATGATGTTGACAGAGCCAAA
TATTACATTCAAAATGGCATTCAGAGTTTTATGCAGAATTATTCTAGTATTGATGTCCTC
TTACACCAAAGTAGACTCACCAAATTGCAGTCTGTACAGGCTTTAACAGAAATTCAGGAG
TTCATCAGCTTTATAAGCAAACAAGGCAATTTATCATCTCAAGTTCCCCTTAAGAGACTT
CTGAACACCTGGACAAACAGATATCCAGATGCTAAAATGGACCCAATGAACATCTGGGAT
GACATCATCACAAATCGATGTTTCTTTCTCAGCAAAATAGAGGAGAAGCTTACCCCTCTT
CCAGAAGATAATAGTATGAATGTGGATCAAGATGGAGACCCCAGTGACAGGATGGAAGTG
CAAGAGCAGGAAGAAGATATCAGCTCCCTGATCAGGAGTTGCAAGTTTTCCATGAAAATG
AAGATGATAGACAGTGCCCGGAAGCAGAACAATTTCTCACTTGCTATGAAACTACTGAAG
GAGCTGCATAAAGAGTCAAAAACCAGAGACGATTGGCTGGTGAGCTGGGTGCAGAGCTAC
TGCCGCCTGAGCCACTGCCGGAGCCGGTCCCAGGGCTGCTCTGAGCAGGTGCTCACTGTG
CTGAAAACAGTCTCTTTGTTGGATGAGAACAACGTGTCAAGCTACTTAAGCAAAAATATT
CTGGCTTTCCGTGACCAGAACATTCTCTTGGGTACAACTTACAGGATCATAGCGAATGCT
CTCAGCAGTGAGCCAGCCTGCCTTGCTGAAATCGAGGAGGACAAGGCTAGAAGAATCTTA
GAGCTTTCTGGATCCAGTTCAGAGGATTCAGAGAAGGTGATCGCGGGTCTGTACCAGAGA
GCATTCCAGCACCTCTCTGAGGCTGTGCAGGCGGCTGAGGAGGAGGCCCAGCCTCCCTCC
TGGAGCTGTGGGCCTGCAGCTGGGGTGATTGATGCTTACATGACGCTGGCAGATTTCTGT
GACCAACAGCTGCGCAAGGAGGAAGAGAATGCATCAGTTATTGATTCTGCAGAACTGCAG
GCGTATCCAGCACTTGTGGTGGAGAAAATGTTGAAAGCTTTAAAATTAAATTCCAATGAA
GCCAGATTGAAGTTTCCTAGATTACTTCAGATTATAGAACGGTATCCAGAGGAGACTTTG
AGCCTCATGACAAAAGAGATCTCTTCCGTTCCCTGCTGGCAGTTCATCAGCTGGATCAGC
CACATGGTGGCCTTACTGGACAAAGACCAAGCCGTTGCTGTTCAGCACTCTGTGGAAGAA
ATCACTGATAACTACCCGCAGGCTATTGTTTATCCCTTCATCATAAGCAGCGAAAGCTAT
TCCTTCAAGGATACTTCTACTGGTCATAAGAATAAGGAGTTTGTGGCAAGGATTAAAAGT
AAGTTGGATCAAGGAGGAGTGATTCAAGATTTTATTAATGCCTTAGATCAGCTCTCTAAT
CCTGAACTGCTCTTTAAGGATTGGAGCAATGATGTAAGAGCTGAACTAGCAAAAACCCCT
GTAAATAAAAAAAACATTGAAAAAATGTATGAAAGAATGTATGCAGCCTTGGGTGACCCA
AAGGCTCCAGGCCTGGGGGCCTTTAGAAGGAAGTTTATTCAGACTTTTGGAAAAGAATTT
GATAAACATTTTGGGAAAGGAGGTTCTAAACTACTGAGAATGAAGCTCAGTGACTTCAAC
GACATTACCAACATGCTACTTTTAAAAATGAACAAAGACTCAAAGCCCCCTGGGAATCTG
AAAGAATGTTCACCCTGGATGAGCGACTTCAAAGTGGAGTTCCTGAGAAATGAGCTGGAG
ATTCCCGGTCAGTATGACGGTAGGGGAAAGCCATTGCCAGAGTACCACGTGCGAATCGCC
GGGTTTGATGAGCGGGTGACAGTCATGGCGTCTCTGCGAAGGCCCAAGCGCATCATCATC
CGTGGCCATGACGAGAGGGAACACCCTTTCCTGGTGAAGGGTGGCGAGGACCTGCGGCAG
GACCAGCGCGTGGAGCAGCTCTTCCAGGTCATGAATGGGATCCTGGCCCAAGACTCCGCC
TGCAGCCAGAGGGCCCTGCAGCTGAGGACCTATAGCGTTGTGCCCATGACCTCCAGGTTA
GGATTAATTGAGTGGCTTGAAAATACTGTTACCTTGAAGGACCTTCTTTTGAACACCATG
TCCCAAGAGGAGAAGGCGGCTTACCTGAGTGATCCCAGGGCACCGCCGTGTGAATATAAA
GATTGGCTGACAAAAATGTCAGGAAAACATGATGTTGGAGCTTACATGCTAATGTATAAG
GGCGCTAATCGTACTGAAACAGTCACGTCTTTTAGAAAACGAGAAAGTAAAGTGCCTGCT
GATCTCTTAAAGCGGGCCTTCGTGAGGATGAGTACAAGCCCTGAGGCTTTCCTGGCGCTC
CGCTCCCACTTCGCCAGCTCTCACGCTCTGATATGCATCAGCCACTGGATCCTCGGGATT
GGAGACAGACATCTGAACAACTTTATGGTGGCCATGGAGACTGGCGGCGTGATCGGGATC
GACTTTGGGCATGCGTTTGGATCCGCTACACAGTTTCTGCCAGTCCCTGAGTTGATGCCT
TTTCGGCTAACTCGCCAGTTTATCAATCTGATGTTACCAATGAAAGAAACGGGCCTTATG
TACAGCATCATGGTACACGCACTCCGGGCCTTCCGCTCAGACCCTGGCCTGCTCACCAAC
ACCATGGATGTGTTTGTCAAGGAGCCCTCCTTTGATTGGAAAAATTTTGAACAGAAAATG
CTGAAAAAAGGAGGGTCATGGATTCAAGAAATAAATGTTGCTGAAAAAAATTGGTACCCC
CGACAGAAAATATGTTACGCTAAGAGAAAGTTAGCAGGTGCCAATCCAGCAGTCATTACT
TGTGATGAGCTACTCCTGGGTCATGAGAAGGCCCCTGCCTTCAGAGACTATGTGGCTGTG
GCACGAGGAAGCAAAGATCACAACATTCGTGCCCAAGAACCAGAGAGTGGGCTTTCAGAA
GAGACTCAAGTGAAGTGCCTGATGGACCAGGCAACAGACCCCAACATCCTTGGCAGAACC
TGGGAAGGATGGGAGCCCTGGATGTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 4128
Molecular Weight 469084.2
Theoretical pI 7.12
Pfam Domain Function
Signals
  • None
Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Protein Sequence
>DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
MAGSGAGVRCSLLRLQETLSAADRCGAALAGHQLIRGLGQECVLSSSPAVLALQTSLVFS
RDFGLLVFVRKSLNSIEFRECREEILKFLCIFLEKMGQKIAPYSVEIKNTCTSVYTKDRA
AKCKIPALDLLIKLLQTFRSSRLMDEFKIGELFSKFYGELALKKKIPDTVLEKVYELLGL
LGEVHPSEMINNAENLFRAFLGELKTQMTSAVREPKLPVLAGCLKGLSSLLCNFTKSMEE
DPQTSREIFNFVLKAIRPQIDLKRYAVPSAGLRLFALHASQFSTCLLDNYVSLFEVLLKW
CAHTNVELKKAALSALESFLKQVSNMVAKNAEMHKNKLQYFMEQFYGIIRNVDSNNKELS
IAIRGYGLFAGPCKVINAKDVDFMYVELIQRCKQMFLTQTDTGDDRVYQMPSFLQSVASV
LLYLDTVPEVYTPVLEHLVVMQIDSFPQYSPKMQLVCCRAIVKVFLALAAKGPVLRNCIS
TVVHQGLIRICSKPVVLPKGPESESEDHRASGEVRTGKWKVPTYKDYVDLFRHLLSSDQM
MDSILADEAFFSVNSSSESLNHLLYDEFVKSVLKIVEKLDLTLEIQTVGEQENGDEAPGV
WMIPTSDPAANLHPAKPKDFSAFINLVEFCREILPEKQAEFFEPWVYSFSYELILQSTRL
PLISGFYKLLSITVRNAKKIKYFEGVSPKSLKHSPEDPEKYSCFALFVKFGKEVAVKMKQ
YKDELLASCLTFLLSLPHNIIELDVRAYVPALQMAFKLGLSYTPLAEVGLNALEEWSIYI
DRHVMQPYYKDILPCLDGYLKTSALSDETKNNWEVSALSRAAQKGFNKVVLKHLKKTKNL
SSNEAISLEEIRIRVVQMLGSLGGQINKNLLTVTSSDEMMKSYVAWDREKRLSFAVPFRE
MKPVIFLDVFLPRVTELALTASDRQTKVAACELLHSMVMFMLGKATQMPEGGQGAPPMYQ
LYKRTFPVLLRLACDVDQVTRQLYEPLVMQLIHWFTNNKKFESQDTVALLEAILDGIVDP
VDSTLRDFCGRCIREFLKWSIKQITPQQQEKSPVNTKSLFKRLYSLALHPNAFKRLGASL
AFNNIYREFREEESLVEQFVFEALVIYMESLALAHADEKSLGTIQQCCDAIDHLCRIIEK
KHVSLNKAKKRRLPRGFPPSASLCLLDLVKWLLAHCGRPQTECRHKSIELFYKFVPLLPG
NRSPNLWLKDVLKEEGVSFLINTFEGGGCGQPSGILAQPTLLYLRGPFSLQATLCWLDLL
LAALECYNTFIGERTVGALQVLGTEAQSSLLKAVAFFLESIAMHDIIAAEKCFGTGAAGN
RTSPQEGERYNYSKCTVVVRIMEFTTTLLNTSPEGWKLLKKDLCNTHLMRVLVQTLCEPA
SIGFNIGDVQVMAHLPDVCVNLMKALKMSPYKDILETHLREKITAQSIEELCAVNLYGPD
AQVDRSRLAAVVSACKQLHRAGLLHNILPSQSTDLHHSVGTELLSLVYKGIAPGDERQCL
PSLDLSCKQLASGLLELAFAFGGLCERLVSLLLNPAVLSTASLGSSQGSVIHFSHGEYFY
SLFSETINTELLKNLDLAVLELMQSSVDNTKMVSAVLNGMLDQSFRERANQKHQGLKLAT
TILQHWKKCDSWWAKDSPLETKMAVLALLAKILQIDSSVSFNTSHGSFPEVFTTYISLLA
DTKLDLHLKGQAVTLLPFFTSLTGGSLEELRRVLEQLIVAHFPMQSREFPPGTPRFNNYV
DCMKKFLDALELSQSPMLLELMTEVLCREQQHVMEELFQSSFRRIARRGSCVTQVGLLES
VYEMFRKDDPRLSFTRQSFVDRSLLTLLWHCSLDALREFFSTIVVDAIDVLKSRFTKLNE
STFDTQITKKMGYYKILDVMYSRLPKDDVHAKESKINQVFHGSCITEGNELTKTLIKLCY
DAFTENMAGENQLLERRRLYHCAAYNCAISVICCVFNELKFYQGFLFSEKPEKNLLIFEN
LIDLKRRYNFPVEVEVPMERKKKYIEIRKEAREAANGDSDGPSYMSSLSYLADSTLSEEM
SQFDFSTGVQSYSYSSQDPRPATGRFRRREQRDPTVHDDVLELEMDELNRHECMAPLTAL
VKHMHRSLGPPQGEEDSVPRDLPSWMKFLHGKLGNPIVPLNIRLFLAKLVINTEEVFRPY
AKHWLSPLLQLAASENNGGEGIHYMVVEIVATILSWTGLATPTGVPKDEVLANRLLNFLM
KHVFHPKRAVFRHNLEIIKTLVECWKDCLSIPYRLIFEKFSGKDPNSKDNSVGIQLLGIV
MANDLPPYDPQCGIQSSEYFQALVNNMSFVRYKEVYAAAAEVLGLILRYVMERKNILEES
LCELVAKQLKQHQNTMEDKFIVCLNKVTKSFPPLADRFMNAVFFLLPKFHGVLKTLCLEV
VLCRVEGMTELYFQLKSKDFVQVMRHRDDERQKVCLDIIYKMMPKLKPVELRELLNPVVE
FVSHPSTTCREQMYNILMWIHDNYRDPESETDNDSQEIFKLAKDVLIQGLIDENPGLQLI
IRNFWSHETRLPSNTLDRLLALNSLYSPKIEVHFLSLATNFLLEMTSMSPDYPNPMFEHP
LSECEFQEYTIDSDWRFRSTVLTPMFVETQASQGTLQTRTQEGSLSARWPVAGQIRATQQ
QHDFTLTQTADGRSSFDWLTGSSTDPLVDHTSPSSDSLLFAHKRSERLQRAPLKSVGPDF
GKKRLGLPGDEVDNKVKGAAGRTDLLRLRRRFMRDQEKLSLMYARKGVAEQKREKEIKSE
LKMKQDAQVVLYRSYRHGDLPDIQIKHSSLITPLQAVAQRDPIIAKQLFSSLFSGILKEM
DKFKTLSEKNNITQKLLQDFNRFLNTTFSFFPPFVSCIQDISCQHAALLSLDPAAVSAGC
LASLQQPVGIRLLEEALLRLLPAELPAKRVRGKARLPPDVLRWVELAKLYRSIGEYDVLR
GIFTSEIGTKQITQSALLAEARSDYSEAAKQYDEALNKQDWVDGEPTEAEKDFWELASLD
CYNHLAEWKSLEYCSTASIDSENPPDLNKIWSEPFYQETYLPYMIRSKLKLLLQGEADQS
LLTFIDKAMHGELQKAILELHYSQELSLLYLLQDDVDRAKYYIQNGIQSFMQNYSSIDVL
LHQSRLTKLQSVQALTEIQEFISFISKQGNLSSQVPLKRLLNTWTNRYPDAKMDPMNIWD
DIITNRCFFLSKIEEKLTPLPEDNSMNVDQDGDPSDRMEVQEQEEDISSLIRSCKFSMKM
KMIDSARKQNNFSLAMKLLKELHKESKTRDDWLVSWVQSYCRLSHCRSRSQGCSEQVLTV
LKTVSLLDENNVSSYLSKNILAFRDQNILLGTTYRIIANALSSEPACLAEIEEDKARRIL
ELSGSSSEDSEKVIAGLYQRAFQHLSEAVQAAEEEAQPPSWSCGPAAGVIDAYMTLADFC
DQQLRKEEENASVIDSAELQAYPALVVEKMLKALKLNSNEARLKFPRLLQIIERYPEETL
SLMTKEISSVPCWQFISWISHMVALLDKDQAVAVQHSVEEITDNYPQAIVYPFIISSESY
SFKDTSTGHKNKEFVARIKSKLDQGGVIQDFINALDQLSNPELLFKDWSNDVRAELAKTP
VNKKNIEKMYERMYAALGDPKAPGLGAFRRKFIQTFGKEFDKHFGKGGSKLLRMKLSDFN
DITNMLLLKMNKDSKPPGNLKECSPWMSDFKVEFLRNELEIPGQYDGRGKPLPEYHVRIA
GFDERVTVMASLRRPKRIIIRGHDEREHPFLVKGGEDLRQDQRVEQLFQVMNGILAQDSA
CSQRALQLRTYSVVPMTSRLGLIEWLENTVTLKDLLLNTMSQEEKAAYLSDPRAPPCEYK
DWLTKMSGKHDVGAYMLMYKGANRTETVTSFRKRESKVPADLLKRAFVRMSTSPEAFLAL
RSHFASSHALICISHWILGIGDRHLNNFMVAMETGGVIGIDFGHAFGSATQFLPVPELMP
FRLTRQFINLMLPMKETGLMYSIMVHALRAFRSDPGLLTNTMDVFVKEPSFDWKNFEQKM
LKKGGSWIQEINVAEKNWYPRQKICYAKRKLAGANPAVITCDELLLGHEKAPAFRDYVAV
ARGSKDHNIRAQEPESGLSEETQVKCLMDQATDPNILGRTWEGWEPWM
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P78527
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PRKDC_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID U47077
GeneCard ID PRKDC
GenAtlas ID PRKDC
HGNC ID HGNC:9413
References
General References
  1. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1175371. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed:19608861 ]
  2. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed:18669648 ]
  3. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007. [PubMed:19690332 ]
  4. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007. [PubMed:18691976 ]
  5. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M800588-MCP200. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed:19369195 ]
  6. Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villen J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP: Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 17;101(33):12130-5. Epub 2004 Aug 9. [PubMed:15302935 ]
  7. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed:17081983 ]
  8. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. doi: 10.1021/ac9004309. [PubMed:19413330 ]
  9. Matsuoka S, Ballif BA, Smogorzewska A, McDonald ER 3rd, Hurov KE, Luo J, Bakalarski CE, Zhao Z, Solimini N, Lerenthal Y, Shiloh Y, Gygi SP, Elledge SJ: ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage. Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1160-6. [PubMed:17525332 ]
  10. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed:18083107 ]
  11. Greenman C, Stephens P, Smith R, Dalgliesh GL, Hunter C, Bignell G, Davies H, Teague J, Butler A, Stevens C, Edkins S, O'Meara S, Vastrik I, Schmidt EE, Avis T, Barthorpe S, Bhamra G, Buck G, Choudhury B, Clements J, Cole J, Dicks E, Forbes S, Gray K, Halliday K, Harrison R, Hills K, Hinton J, Jenkinson A, Jones D, Menzies A, Mironenko T, Perry J, Raine K, Richardson D, Shepherd R, Small A, Tofts C, Varian J, Webb T, West S, Widaa S, Yates A, Cahill DP, Louis DN, Goldstraw P, Nicholson AG, Brasseur F, Looijenga L, Weber BL, Chiew YE, DeFazio A, Greaves MF, Green AR, Campbell P, Birney E, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Tan MH, Khoo SK, Teh BT, Yuen ST, Leung SY, Wooster R, Futreal PA, Stratton MR: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes. Nature. 2007 Mar 8;446(7132):153-8. [PubMed:17344846 ]
  12. Ariumi Y, Masutani M, Copeland TD, Mimori T, Sugimura T, Shimotohno K, Ueda K, Hatanaka M, Noda M: Suppression of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity by DNA-dependent protein kinase in vitro. Oncogene. 1999 Aug 12;18(32):4616-25. [PubMed:10467406 ]
  13. Nousiainen M, Sillje HH, Sauer G, Nigg EA, Korner R: Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 4;103(14):5391-6. Epub 2006 Mar 24. [PubMed:16565220 ]
  14. Sarkaria JN, Tibbetts RS, Busby EC, Kennedy AP, Hill DE, Abraham RT: Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase related kinases by the radiosensitizing agent wortmannin. Cancer Res. 1998 Oct 1;58(19):4375-82. [PubMed:9766667 ]
  15. Zhang X, Succi J, Feng Z, Prithivirajsingh S, Story MD, Legerski RJ: Artemis is a phosphorylation target of ATM and ATR and is involved in the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint response. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Oct;24(20):9207-20. [PubMed:15456891 ]
  16. Kaizuka T, Hara T, Oshiro N, Kikkawa U, Yonezawa K, Takehana K, Iemura S, Natsume T, Mizushima N: Tti1 and Tel2 are critical factors in mammalian target of rapamycin complex assembly. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jun 25;285(26):20109-16. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.121699. Epub 2010 Apr 28. [PubMed:20427287 ]
  17. Falck J, Coates J, Jackson SP: Conserved modes of recruitment of ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs to sites of DNA damage. Nature. 2005 Mar 31;434(7033):605-11. Epub 2005 Mar 2. [PubMed:15758953 ]
  18. Hartley KO, Gell D, Smith GC, Zhang H, Divecha N, Connelly MA, Admon A, Lees-Miller SP, Anderson CW, Jackson SP: DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit: a relative of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the ataxia telangiectasia gene product. Cell. 1995 Sep 8;82(5):849-56. [PubMed:7671312 ]
  19. Anderson CW, Dunn JJ, Freimuth PI, Galloway AM, Allalunis-Turner MJ: Frameshift mutation in PRKDC, the gene for DNA-PKcs, in the DNA repair-defective, human, glioma-derived cell line M059J. Radiat Res. 2001 Jul;156(1):2-9. [PubMed:11418067 ]
  20. Ladenburger EM, Fackelmayer FO, Hameister H, Knippers R: MCM4 and PRKDC, human genes encoding proteins MCM4 and DNA-PKcs, are close neighbours located on chromosome 8q12-->q13. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1997;77(3-4):268-70. [PubMed:9284934 ]
  21. Sipley JD, Menninger JC, Hartley KO, Ward DC, Jackson SP, Anderson CW: Gene for the catalytic subunit of the human DNA-activated protein kinase maps to the site of the XRCC7 gene on chromosome 8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Aug 1;92(16):7515-9. [PubMed:7638222 ]
  22. Poltoratsky VP, Shi X, York JD, Lieber MR, Carter TH: Human DNA-activated protein kinase (DNA-PK) is homologous to phosphatidylinositol kinases. J Immunol. 1995 Nov 15;155(10):4529-33. [PubMed:7594449 ]
  23. Lees-Miller SP, Anderson CW: The human double-stranded DNA-activated protein kinase phosphorylates the 90-kDa heat-shock protein, hsp90 alpha at two NH2-terminal threonine residues. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 15;264(29):17275-80. [PubMed:2507541 ]
  24. Carter T, Vancurova I, Sun I, Lou W, DeLeon S: A DNA-activated protein kinase from HeLa cell nuclei. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Dec;10(12):6460-71. [PubMed:2247066 ]
  25. Iijima S, Teraoka H, Date T, Tsukada K: DNA-activated protein kinase in Raji Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Phosphorylation of c-Myc oncoprotein. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Jun 1;206(2):595-603. [PubMed:1597196 ]
  26. Liu SH, Ma JT, Yueh AY, Lees-Miller SP, Anderson CW, Ng SY: The carboxyl-terminal transactivation domain of human serum response factor contains DNA-activated protein kinase phosphorylation sites. J Biol Chem. 1993 Oct 5;268(28):21147-54. [PubMed:8407951 ]
  27. Bannister AJ, Gottlieb TM, Kouzarides T, Jackson SP: c-Jun is phosphorylated by the DNA-dependent protein kinase in vitro; definition of the minimal kinase recognition motif. Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Mar 11;21(5):1289-95. [PubMed:8464713 ]
  28. Teraoka H, Yumoto Y, Watanabe F, Tsukada K, Suwa A, Enari M, Nagata S: CPP32/Yama/apopain cleaves the catalytic component of DNA-dependent protein kinase in the holoenzyme. FEBS Lett. 1996 Sep 9;393(1):1-6. [PubMed:8804412 ]
  29. Connelly MA, Zhang H, Kieleczawa J, Anderson CW: Alternate splice-site utilization in the gene for the catalytic subunit of the DNA-activated protein kinase, DNA-PKcs. Gene. 1996 Oct 10;175(1-2):271-3. [PubMed:8917110 ]
  30. Shieh SY, Ikeda M, Taya Y, Prives C: DNA damage-induced phosphorylation of p53 alleviates inhibition by MDM2. Cell. 1997 Oct 31;91(3):325-34. [PubMed:9363941 ]
  31. Wu X, Lieber MR: Interaction between DNA-dependent protein kinase and a novel protein, KIP. Mutat Res. 1997 Oct;385(1):13-20. [PubMed:9372844 ]
  32. Jin S, Weaver DT: Double-strand break repair by Ku70 requires heterodimerization with Ku80 and DNA binding functions. EMBO J. 1997 Nov 17;16(22):6874-85. [PubMed:9362500 ]
  33. Niu H, Erdjument-Bromage H, Pan ZQ, Lee SH, Tempst P, Hurwitz J: Mapping of amino acid residues in the p34 subunit of human single-stranded DNA-binding protein phosphorylated by DNA-dependent protein kinase and Cdc2 kinase in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1997 May 9;272(19):12634-41. [PubMed:9139719 ]
  34. Yavuzer U, Smith GC, Bliss T, Werner D, Jackson SP: DNA end-independent activation of DNA-PK mediated via association with the DNA-binding protein C1D. Genes Dev. 1998 Jul 15;12(14):2188-99. [PubMed:9679063 ]
  35. Ting NS, Kao PN, Chan DW, Lintott LG, Lees-Miller SP: DNA-dependent protein kinase interacts with antigen receptor response element binding proteins NF90 and NF45. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 23;273(4):2136-45. [PubMed:9442054 ]
  36. Hammarsten O, Chu G: DNA-dependent protein kinase: DNA binding and activation in the absence of Ku. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jan 20;95(2):525-30. [PubMed:9435225 ]
  37. Chan DW, Ye R, Veillette CJ, Lees-Miller SP: DNA-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites in Ku 70/80 heterodimer. Biochemistry. 1999 Feb 9;38(6):1819-28. [PubMed:10026262 ]
  38. Douglas P, Sapkota GP, Morrice N, Yu Y, Goodarzi AA, Merkle D, Meek K, Alessi DR, Lees-Miller SP: Identification of in vitro and in vivo phosphorylation sites in the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase. Biochem J. 2002 Nov 15;368(Pt 1):243-51. [PubMed:12186630 ]
  39. Ma Y, Pannicke U, Schwarz K, Lieber MR: Hairpin opening and overhang processing by an Artemis/DNA-dependent protein kinase complex in nonhomologous end joining and V(D)J recombination. Cell. 2002 Mar 22;108(6):781-94. [PubMed:11955432 ]
  40. Hsu HL, Yannone SM, Chen DJ: Defining interactions between DNA-PK and ligase IV/XRCC4. DNA Repair (Amst). 2002 Mar 28;1(3):225-35. [PubMed:12509254 ]
  41. Chan DW, Chen BP, Prithivirajsingh S, Kurimasa A, Story MD, Qin J, Chen DJ: Autophosphorylation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit is required for rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks. Genes Dev. 2002 Sep 15;16(18):2333-8. [PubMed:12231622 ]
  42. Karmakar P, Piotrowski J, Brosh RM Jr, Sommers JA, Miller SP, Cheng WH, Snowden CM, Ramsden DA, Bohr VA: Werner protein is a target of DNA-dependent protein kinase in vivo and in vitro, and its catalytic activities are regulated by phosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 2002 May 24;277(21):18291-302. Epub 2002 Mar 11. [PubMed:11889123 ]
  43. Soubeyrand S, Pope L, Pakuts B, Hache RJ: Threonines 2638/2647 in DNA-PK are essential for cellular resistance to ionizing radiation. Cancer Res. 2003 Mar 15;63(6):1198-201. [PubMed:12649176 ]
  44. Schild-Poulter C, Shih A, Yarymowich NC, Hache RJ: Down-regulation of histone H2B by DNA-dependent protein kinase in response to DNA damage through modulation of octamer transcription factor 1. Cancer Res. 2003 Nov 1;63(21):7197-205. [PubMed:14612514 ]
  45. Park EJ, Chan DW, Park JH, Oettinger MA, Kwon J: DNA-PK is activated by nucleosomes and phosphorylates H2AX within the nucleosomes in an acetylation-dependent manner. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Dec 1;31(23):6819-27. [PubMed:14627815 ]
  46. Pannicke U, Ma Y, Hopfner KP, Niewolik D, Lieber MR, Schwarz K: Functional and biochemical dissection of the structure-specific nuclease ARTEMIS. EMBO J. 2004 May 5;23(9):1987-97. Epub 2004 Apr 8. [PubMed:15071507 ]
  47. Poinsignon C, Moshous D, Callebaut I, de Chasseval R, Villey I, de Villartay JP: The metallo-beta-lactamase/beta-CASP domain of Artemis constitutes the catalytic core for V(D)J recombination. J Exp Med. 2004 Feb 2;199(3):315-21. Epub 2004 Jan 26. [PubMed:14744996 ]
  48. Ma Y, Lu H, Tippin B, Goodman MF, Shimazaki N, Koiwai O, Hsieh CL, Schwarz K, Lieber MR: A biochemically defined system for mammalian nonhomologous DNA end joining. Mol Cell. 2004 Dec 3;16(5):701-13. [PubMed:15574326 ]
  49. Zhang S, Schlott B, Gorlach M, Grosse F: DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) phosphorylates nuclear DNA helicase II/RNA helicase A and hnRNP proteins in an RNA-dependent manner. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Jan 2;32(1):1-10. Print 2004. [PubMed:14704337 ]
  50. Reitsema T, Klokov D, Banath JP, Olive PL: DNA-PK is responsible for enhanced phosphorylation of histone H2AX under hypertonic conditions. DNA Repair (Amst). 2005 Sep 28;4(10):1172-81. [PubMed:16046194 ]
  51. Wang J, Pluth JM, Cooper PK, Cowan MJ, Chen DJ, Yannone SM: Artemis deficiency confers a DNA double-strand break repair defect and Artemis phosphorylation status is altered by DNA damage and cell cycle progression. DNA Repair (Amst). 2005 May 2;4(5):556-70. [PubMed:15811628 ]
  52. Ma Y, Schwarz K, Lieber MR: The Artemis:DNA-PKcs endonuclease cleaves DNA loops, flaps, and gaps. DNA Repair (Amst). 2005 Jul 12;4(7):845-51. [PubMed:15936993 ]
  53. Levy N, Martz A, Bresson A, Spenlehauer C, de Murcia G, Menissier-de Murcia J: XRCC1 is phosphorylated by DNA-dependent protein kinase in response to DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res. 2006 Jan 5;34(1):32-41. Print 2006. [PubMed:16397295 ]
  54. Collis SJ, DeWeese TL, Jeggo PA, Parker AR: The life and death of DNA-PK. Oncogene. 2005 Feb 3;24(6):949-61. [PubMed:15592499 ]