Hmdb loader
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP01912
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 7319
Name Lecithin retinol acyltransferase
Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase
Gene Name LRAT
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in phosphatidylcholine-retinol O-acyltransfera
Specific Function Transfers the acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to all-trans retinol, producing all-trans retinyl esters. Retinyl esters are storage forms of vitamin A. LRAT plays a critical role in vision. It provides the all-trans retinyl ester substrates for the isomerohydrolase which processes the esters into 11-cis-retinol in the retinal pigment epithelium; due to a membrane-associated alcohol dehydrogenase, 11 cis-retinol is oxidized and converted into 11-cis-retinaldehyde which is the chromophore for rhodopsin and the cone photopigments.
Pathways
  • Retinol metabolism
  • Retinol Metabolism
  • Vitamin A Deficiency
  • Vitamin digestion and absorption
Reactions
Phosphatidylcholine + retinol--[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] → 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + retinyl-ester--[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] details
Phosphatidylcholine + Vitamin A → 2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Retinyl ester details
Palmitoylphosphatidylcholine + 11-cis-Retinol → 11-cis-Retinyl palmitate + 2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine details
GO Classification
Biological Process
small molecule metabolic process
embryo development
retinol metabolic process
retinoid metabolic process
steroid metabolic process
visual perception
vitamin A metabolic process
response to stimulus
Cellular Component
endoplasmic reticulum membrane
perinuclear region of cytoplasm
multivesicular body
integral to membrane
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Molecular Function
retinol binding
phosphatidylcholine-retinol O-acyltransferase activity
retinoic acid binding
transferase activity, transferring acyl groups
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm
  2. perinuclear region
  3. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  4. Single-pass membrane protein
  5. Endosome
  6. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
  7. multivesicular body
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 4
Locus 4q32.1
SNPs LRAT
Gene Sequence
>693 bp
ATGAAGAACCCCATGCTGGAGGTGGTGTCTTTACTACTGGAGAAGCTGCTCCTCATCTCC
AACTTCACGCTCTTTAGTTCGGGCGCCGCGGGCAAGGACAAAGGGAGGAACAGTTTTTAT
GAAACCAGCTCTTTCCACCGAGGCGACGTGCTGGAGGTGCCCCGGACCCACCTGACCCAC
TATGGCATCTACCTAGGAGACAACCGTGTTGCCCACATGATGCCCGACATCCTGTTGGCC
CTGACAGACGACATGGGGCGCACGCAGAAGGTGGTCTCCAACAAGCGTCTCATCCTGGGC
GTTATTGTCAAAGTGGCCAGCATCCGCGTGGACACAGTGGAGGACTTCGCCTACGGAGCT
AACATCCTGGTCAATCACCTGGACGAGTCCCTCCAGAAAAAGGCACTGCTCAACGAGGAG
GTGGCGCGGAGGGCTGAAAAGCTGCTGGGCTTTACCCCCTACAGCCTGCTGTGGAACAAC
TGCGAGCACTTCGTGACCTACTGCAGATATGGCACCCCGATCAGTCCCCAGTCCGACAAG
TTTTGTGAGACTGTGAAGATAATTATTCGTGATCAGAGAAGTGTTCTTGCTTCAGCAGTC
TTGGGATTGGCGTCTATAGTCTGTACGGGCTTGGTATCATACACTACCCTTCCTGCAATT
TTTATTCCATTCTTCCTATGGATGGCTGGCTAA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 230
Molecular Weight 25702.635
Theoretical pI 7.46
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Lecithin retinol acyltransferase
MKNPMLEVVSLLLEKLLLISNFTLFSSGAAGEDKGRNSFYETSSFHRGDVLEVPRTHLTH
YGIYLGDNRVAHMMPDILLALTDDMGRTQKVVSNKRLILGVIVKVASIRVDTVEDFAYGA
NILVNHLDESLQKKALLNEEVARRAEKLLGFTPYSLLWNNCEHFVTYCRYGTPISPQSDK
FCETVKIIIRDQRSVLASAVLGLASIVCTGLVSYTTLPAIFIPFFLWMAG
GenBank ID Protein 4240391
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95237
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LRAT_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID AF071510
GeneCard ID LRAT
GenAtlas ID LRAT
HGNC ID HGNC:6685
References
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed:14702039 ]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  3. Ruiz A, Winston A, Lim YH, Gilbert BA, Rando RR, Bok D: Molecular and biochemical characterization of lecithin retinol acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1999 Feb 5;274(6):3834-41. [PubMed:9920938 ]
  4. Mondal MS, Ruiz A, Bok D, Rando RR: Lecithin retinol acyltransferase contains cysteine residues essential for catalysis. Biochemistry. 2000 May 2;39(17):5215-20. [PubMed:10819989 ]
  5. den Hollander AI, Lopez I, Yzer S, Zonneveld MN, Janssen IM, Strom TM, Hehir-Kwa JY, Veltman JA, Arends ML, Meitinger T, Musarella MA, van den Born LI, Fishman GA, Maumenee IH, Rohrschneider K, Cremers FP, Koenekoop RK: Identification of novel mutations in patients with Leber congenital amaurosis and juvenile RP by genome-wide homozygosity mapping with SNP microarrays. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Dec;48(12):5690-8. [PubMed:18055821 ]
  6. Nagatsuma K, Hayashi Y, Hano H, Sagara H, Murakami K, Saito M, Masaki T, Lu T, Tanaka M, Enzan H, Aizawa Y, Tajiri H, Matsuura T: Lecithin: retinol acyltransferase protein is distributed in both hepatic stellate cells and endothelial cells of normal rodent and human liver. Liver Int. 2009 Jan;29(1):47-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01773.x. Epub 2008 Jun 9. [PubMed:18544127 ]
  7. Thompson DA, Li Y, McHenry CL, Carlson TJ, Ding X, Sieving PA, Apfelstedt-Sylla E, Gal A: Mutations in the gene encoding lecithin retinol acyltransferase are associated with early-onset severe retinal dystrophy. Nat Genet. 2001 Jun;28(2):123-4. [PubMed:11381255 ]
  8. Senechal A, Humbert G, Surget MO, Bazalgette C, Bazalgette C, Arnaud B, Arndt C, Laurent E, Brabet P, Hamel CP: Screening genes of the retinoid metabolism: novel LRAT mutation in leber congenital amaurosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Oct;142(4):702-4. [PubMed:17011878 ]