Hmdb loader
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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP02655
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 8156
Name Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4
Synonyms
  1. Plasma membrane monoamine transporter
  2. Solute carrier family 29 member 4
  3. hENT4
Gene Name SLC29A4
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function Functions as a polyspecific organic cation transporter, efficiently transporting many organic cations such as monoamine neurotransmitters 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and biogenic amines including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. May play a role in regulating central nervous system homeostasis of monoamine neurotransmitters. May be involved in luminal transport of organic cations in the kidney and seems to use luminal proton gradient to drive organic cation reabsorption. Does not seem to transport nucleoside and nucleoside analogs such as uridine, cytidine, thymidine, adenosine, inosine, guanosine, and azidothymidine. In (PubMed:16873718) adenosine is efficiently transported but in a fashion highly sensitive to extracellular pH, with maximal activity in the pH range 5.5 to 6.5. Glu-206 is essential for the cation selectivity and may function as the charge sensor for cationic substrates. Transport is chloride and sodium-independent but appears to be sensitive to changes in membrane potential. Weakly inhibited by the classical inhibitors of equilibrative nucleoside transport, dipyridamole, dilazep, and nitrobenzylthioinosine. May play a role in the regulation of extracellular adenosine concentrations in cardiac tissues, in particular during ischemia
Pathways Not Available
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Component
membrane
cell part
Function
transmembrane transporter activity
substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity
nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transmembrane transporter activity
nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
transporter activity
Process
establishment of localization
transport
Cellular Location
  1. Cell membrane
  2. Multi-pass membrane protein (Potential)
  3. Multi-pass membrane protein (Potential)
  4. Apical cell membrane
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Chromosome:7
Locus 7p22.1
SNPs SLC29A4
Gene Sequence
>1593 bp
ATGGGCTCCGTGGGGAGCCAGCGCCTTGAGGAGCCCAGCGTGGCAGGCACACCAGACCCG
GGCGTAGTGATGAGCTTCACCTTCGACAGTCACCAGCTGGAGGAGGCGGCGGAGGCGGCT
CAGGGCCAGGGCCTTAGGGCCAGGGGCGTCCCAGCTTTCACGGATACTACATTGGACGAG
CCAGTGCCCGATGACCGTTATCACGCCATCTACTTTGCGATGCTGCTGGCTGGCGTGGGC
TTCCTGCTGCCATACAACAGCTTCATCACGGACGTGGACTACCTGCATCACAAGTACCCA
GGGACCTCCATCGTGTTTGACATGAGCCTCACCTACATCTTGGTGGCACTGGCAGCTGTC
CTCCTGAACAACGTCCTGGTGGAGAGACTGACCCTGCACACCAGGATCACCGCAGGCTAC
CTCTTAGCCTTGGGCCCTCTCCTTTTTATCAGCATCTGCGACGTGTGGCTGCAGCTCTTC
TCTCGGGACCAGGCCTACGCCATCAACCTGGCCGCTGTGGGCACCGTGGCCTTCGGCTGC
ACAGTGCAGCAATCCAGCTTCTACGGGTACACGGGGATGCTGCCCAAGCGGTACACGCAG
GGGGTGATGACCGGGGAGAGCACGGCGGGCGTGATGATCTCTCTGAGCCGCATCCTCACG
AAGCTGCTGCTGCCCGACGAGCGCGCCAGCACGCTCATCTTCTTCCTGGTGTCGGTGGCG
CTGGAGCTGCTGTGTTTCCTGCTGCACCTGTTAGTGCGGCGCAGCCGCTTCGTGCTCTTC
TATACCACACGGCCGCGTGACAGCCACCGGGGCAGGCCAGGCCTGGGCAGGGGCTATGGC
TACCGCGTGCACCACGACGTTGTCGCCGGGGACGTCCACTTCGAGCACCCAGCCCCGGCC
CTGGCCCCCAACGAGTCCCCAAAGGACAGCCCAGCCCACGAGGTGACCGGCAGCGGCGGG
GCCTACATGCGCTTTGATGTGCCGCGGCCAAGGGTCCAGCGCAGCTGGCCCACCTTCAGA
GCCCTGTTACTGCACCGCTACGTGGTGGCGCGGGTGATCTGGGCCGACATGCTCTCCATC
GCCGTGACCTACTTCATCACGCTGTGCCTGTTCCCCGGCCTCGAGTCTGAGATCCGCCAC
TGCATCCTGGGCGAGTGGCTGCCCATCCTCATCATGGCTGTGTTCAACCTGTCAGACTTC
GTGGGCAAGATCCTGGCAGCCCTGCCCGTGGACTGGCGGGGCACCCACCTGCTGGCCTGC
TCCTGCCTGCGTGTGGTCTTCATCCCCCTCTTCATCCTGTGCGTCTACCCCAGCGGCATG
CCCGCCCTCCGTCACCCCGCCTGGCCCTGCATCTTCTCACTGCTCATGGGCATCAGCAAC
GGCTACTTCGGCAGCGTGCCCATGATCCTGGCGGCAGGCAAAGTGAGCCCCAAGCAGCGG
GAGCTGGCAGGGAACACCATGACCGTGTCCTACATGTCAGGGCTGACGCTGGGGTCCGCC
GTGGCCTACTGCACCTACAGCCTCACCCGCGACGCTCACGGCAGCTGCCTGCACGCCTCC
ACCGCCAATGGTTCCATCCTCGCAGGCCTCTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 530
Molecular Weight 58058.0
Theoretical pI 7.76
Pfam Domain Function
Signals
  • None
Transmembrane Regions
  • 69-89
  • 102-122
  • 140-160
  • 167-187
  • 232-252
  • 352-372
  • 382-402
  • 417-437
  • 451-471
  • 487-509
Protein Sequence
>Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4
MGSVGSQRLEEPSVAGTPDPGVVMSFTFDSHQLEEAAEAAQGQGLRARGVPAFTDTTLDE
PVPDDRYHAIYFAMLLAGVGFLLPYNSFITDVDYLHHKYPGTSIVFDMSLTYILVALAAV
LLNNVLVERLTLHTRITAGYLLALGPLLFISICDVWLQLFSRDQAYAINLAAVGTVAFGC
TVQQSSFYGYTGMLPKRYTQGVMTGESTAGVMISLSRILTKLLLPDERASTLIFFLVSVA
LELLCFLLHLLVRRSRFVLFYTTRPRDSHRGRPGLGRGYGYRVHHDVVAGDVHFEHPAPA
LAPNESPKDSPAHEVTGSGGAYMRFDVPRPRVQRSWPTFRALLLHRYVVARVIWADMLSI
AVTYFITLCLFPGLESEIRHCILGEWLPILIMAVFNLSDFVGKILAALPVDWRGTHLLAC
SCLRVVFIPLFILCVYPSGMPALRHPAWPCIFSLLMGISNGYFGSVPMILAAGKVSPKQR
ELAGNTMTVSYMSGLTLGSAVAYCTYSLTRDAHGSCLHASTANGSILAGL
GenBank ID Protein 100913034
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q7RTT9
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name S29A4_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID NM_001040661.1
GeneCard ID SLC29A4
GenAtlas ID SLC29A4
HGNC ID HGNC:23097
References
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed:14702039 ]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  3. Bottalico B, Noskova V, Pilka R, Larsson I, Domanski H, Casslen B, Hansson SR: The organic cation transporters (OCT1, OCT2, EMT) and the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) show differential distribution and cyclic expression pattern in human endometrium and early pregnancy decidua. Mol Reprod Dev. 2007 Oct;74(10):1303-11. [PubMed:17393420 ]
  4. Engel K, Zhou M, Wang J: Identification and characterization of a novel monoamine transporter in the human brain. J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 26;279(48):50042-9. Epub 2004 Sep 23. [PubMed:15448143 ]
  5. Acimovic Y, Coe IR: Molecular evolution of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter family: identification of novel family members in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Mol Biol Evol. 2002 Dec;19(12):2199-210. [PubMed:12446811 ]
  6. Barnes K, Dobrzynski H, Foppolo S, Beal PR, Ismat F, Scullion ER, Sun L, Tellez J, Ritzel MW, Claycomb WC, Cass CE, Young JD, Billeter-Clark R, Boyett MR, Baldwin SA: Distribution and functional characterization of equilibrative nucleoside transporter-4, a novel cardiac adenosine transporter activated at acidic pH. Circ Res. 2006 Sep 1;99(5):510-9. Epub 2006 Jul 27. [PubMed:16873718 ]
  7. Xia L, Engel K, Zhou M, Wang J: Membrane localization and pH-dependent transport of a newly cloned organic cation transporter (PMAT) in kidney cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007 Feb;292(2):F682-90. Epub 2006 Oct 3. [PubMed:17018840 ]
  8. Zhou M, Xia L, Engel K, Wang J: Molecular determinants of substrate selectivity of a novel organic cation transporter (PMAT) in the SLC29 family. J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 2;282(5):3188-95. Epub 2006 Nov 22. [PubMed:17121826 ]