Hmdb loader
Survey
You are using an unsupported browser. Please upgrade your browser to a newer version to get the best experience on Human Metabolome Database.
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP08844
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 14571
Name Carnosine synthase 1
Synonyms
  1. ATP-grasp domain-containing protein 1
Gene Name CARNS1
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Specific Function Catalyzes the synthesis of carnosine and homocarnosine. Carnosine is synthesized more efficiently than homocarnosine.
Pathways
  • Arginine and proline metabolism
  • beta-Alanine metabolism
  • Histidine metabolism
  • Histidine metabolism
  • Histidinemia
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Histidine + beta-Alanine → ADP + Phosphate + Carnosine details
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Lysine + beta-Alanine → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + beta-Alanyl-L-lysine details
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Arginine + beta-Alanine → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + beta-Alanyl-L-arginine details
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Histidine + beta-Alanine → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + Carnosine details
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Histidine + gamma-Aminobutyric acid → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + Homocarnosine details
Adenosine triphosphate + 3-Methylhistidine + beta-Alanine → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + Anserine details
GO Classification
Biological Process
carnosine biosynthetic process
Function
binding
catalytic activity
nucleoside binding
purine nucleoside binding
adenyl nucleotide binding
adenyl ribonucleotide binding
atp binding
Molecular Function
metal ion binding
ATP binding
ATPase activity
carnosine synthase activity
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 11
Locus 11q13.2
SNPs CARNS1
Gene Sequence
>2484 bp
ATGCTCCTTTGCCTGTCCCCTGCTTGGCTGATGAAGGTGCCAGCACCCGGGCAGCCGGGT
GAGGCAGCCCTGCTAGTCTCCAAGGCTGTGAGCTTCCACCCTGGGGGCCTGACATTCCTG
GATGACTTTGTCCCCCCGCGCCGTGCCACCTACTTTTTGGCAGGCCTGGGCCTGGGGCCT
GGCCGGGGCCGAGAGGCAGCAGAACTCGCCCGTGACCTGACCTGCCCCACAGGAGCTTCG
GCTGAGCTGGCCCGGCTGCTGGAGGACCGGCTGCTGACAAGGCAGTTGCTGGCCCAGCAG
GGTGGTGTGGCTGTGCCAGCAACCCTGGCTTTCACCTACAAGCCGCCGGGGCTGCTGCGG
GGAGGGGATGCCAGCCTAGGGCTACGGCTGGTGGAGCTGAGTGGCAAAGAGGGCCAGGAG
ACGCTGGTGAAAGAGGAAGTGGAGGCTTTTCTGCGCTCCGAGGCCCTGGGTGATATCCTG
CAGGTAGCTGTGAAGCTCAGTGGCTGGCGCTGGCGGGGGCGGCAGGCATGGCGTCTGCAC
CCGCGGGCAGAGCTGGGTGCAGTGGTGGACACAGTGCTGGCGCTGCTGGAGAAGCTGGAG
GAGGAGGAGAGTGTCCTGGTGGAGGCTGTGTACCCACCTGCCCAGCTGCCCTGCTCAGAT
GGTCCTTCACCCGGCCCCGGCCTGGCCGTGCGAATCTGTGCTGTGGTGTGTCGGACACAG
GGTGATAGGCCACTGCTGAGCAAGGTGGTGTGCGGCGTGGGCCGCGGGGACCGCCCTCTA
CGGCACCACAACTCCCTGCCGAGGACGCTGGAGGTGGCGCTGGCCCAGTGCGGCCTGGGC
GAGGAGGCGCAGGTGGCGGCTGTGCGGCAGCGCGTCAAGGCGGCGGCCGAGGCCGCGCTG
GCCGCCGTGCTGGCTCTGGAGGCCGGCCTGAGTGCCGAGCAGCGCGGCGGGCGCCGGGCG
CACACGGACTTCCTGGGCGTGGATTTCGCGCTGACAGCGGCCGGCGGCGTGCTGACCCCA
GTGGCCCTGGAGCTGAACGGCGGCCTGTGTCTGGAGGCGTGCGGCGCGCTGGAGGGGCTG
TGGGCCGCGCCGCGGCTGGGGCCGGCGGCCGACGAGGCGGTGGCGGCGCCGCTGGTGGAG
ACCATGCTTCGGCGGTCGGCGCGCTGCCTCATGGAGGGAAAACAGCTGCTGGTGGTCGGC
GCTGGCGGCGTCAGCAAGAAGTTCGTGTGGGAGGCGGCGCGCGACTACGGGCTCCAGCTG
CACCTCGTGGAGTCAGACCCCAACCACTTTGCATCCCAGTTGGTACAGACCTTCATCCAC
TTTGACATGACAGAGCACCGGAGGGATGAGGAGAACGCACGGCTGCTGGCAGAGTTGGTG
CGGGCTCGCGGCCTCAAGCTAGATGGCTGCTTCTCCTACTGGGATGACTGCCTGGTGCTC
ACAGCCCTGCTCTGCCAGGAGCTAGGTCTGCCCTGCAGCTCCCCAGCTGCCATGCGCCTG
GCTAAGCAGAAGAGCCTCACCCAGCTGCACCTGTTGCACCACCATGGCCCACCCTGGCCT
GCGCCCTCCCTCCATGCTGTGCCCTGCTGCCCACTGGAGAGTGAGGCTGATGTGGAGAGG
GCCGTGCACCAGGTACCCCTGCCAGGTGTCATGAAGCTGGAGTTCGGGGCAGGTGCAGTG
GGTGTCCGGCTGGTAGAGGATGCGCCACAGTGCCATGAGCACTTTTCCCGGATTACCCGA
GACTTGCAGGGCGAGGCCGACCACCCAGGCATTGGGCTGGGCTGGGGCAATGCCATGCTG
CTGATGGAGTTTGTGGAGGGCACCGAGCACGACGTGGACCTGGTGTTGTTTGGTGGGCGG
TTGCTGGCTGCCTTTGTCTCCGACAATGGCCCTACGAGGCTGCCTGGCTTCACTGAGACG
GCGGCCTGCATGCCCACCGGGCTGGCACCAGAGCAGGAGGCACAGATGGTTCAGGCAGCC
TTCCGCTGTTGCCTGGGCTGCGGGTTGCTCGATGGAGTCTTCAACGTGGAGCTCAAGCTG
ACCGGGGCTGGGCCTCGGCTTATCGAGATCAACCCCCGCATGGGTGGCTTCTACCTGCGT
GATTGGATCCTGGAGCTCTATGGTGTTGACCTGCTGCTGGCTGCTGTTATGGTGGCCTGT
GGCTTGCGTCCTGCCCTGCCCACCCGCCCACGTGCTCGTGGCCATCTGGTGGGCGTCATG
TGCCTTGTGTCCCAGCACCTGCAGGCCCTGAGTTCCACCGCCAGCCGTGAGACCCTGCAG
GCCCTGCACGACCGTGGACTGCTACGCCTCAATCTGCTGGAGGAGGCCCTGGTGCCTGGC
GAGTATGAGGAGCCCTACTGCAGTGTGGCCTGTGCCGGACCCAGCCCCACCGAGGCCCGT
CTCCGCCTGCTGGGCCTCTGCCAGGGCCTGGGCATCGATGGGCCCAGCTACCCTGTTGCC
CACTTCCTGTCTCACTTCAAATAG
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 827
Molecular Weight 101318.725
Theoretical pI 5.69
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Carnosine synthase 1
MLLCLSPAWLMKVPAPGQPGEAALLVSKAVSFHPGGLTFLDDFVPPRRATYFLAGLGLGP
GRGREAAELARDLTCPTGASAELARLLEDRLLTRQLLAQQGGVAVPATLAFTYKPPGLLR
GGDASLGLRLVELSGKEGQETLVKEEVEAFLRSEALGDILQVAVKLSGWRWRGRQAWRLH
PRAELGAVVDTVLALLEKLEEEESVLVEAVYPPAQLPCSDGPSPGPGLAVRICAVVCRTQ
GDRPLLSKVVCGVGRGDRPLRHHNSLPRTLEVALAQCGLGEEAQVAAVRQRVKAAAEAAL
AAVLALEAGLSAEQRGGRRAHTDFLGVDFALTAAGGVLTPVALELNGGLCLEACGALEGL
WAAPRLGPAADEAVAAPLVETMLRRSARCLMEGKQLLVVGAGGVSKKFVWEAARDYGLQL
HLVESDPNHFASQLVQTFIHFDMTEHRRDEENARLLAELVRARGLKLDGCFSYWDDCLVL
TALLCQELGLPCSSPAAMRLAKQKSLTQLHLLHHHGPPWPAPSLHAVPCCPLESEADVER
AVHQVPLPGVMKLEFGAGAVGVRLVEDAPQCHEHFSRITRDLQGEADHPGIGLGWGNAML
LMEFVEGTEHDVDLVLFGGRLLAAFVSDNGPTRLPGFTETAACMPTGLAPEQEAQMVQAA
FRCCLGCGLLDGVFNVELKLTGAGPRLIEINPRMGGFYLRDWILELYGVDLLLAAVMVAC
GLRPALPTRPRARGHLVGVMCLVSQHLQALSSTASRETLQALHDRGLLRLNLLEEALVPG
EYEEPYCSVACAGPSPTEARLRLLGLCQGLGIDGPSYPVAHFLSHFK
GenBank ID Protein 148839342
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A5YM72
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CRNS1_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID NM_020811.1
GeneCard ID CARNS1
GenAtlas ID CARNS1
HGNC ID HGNC:29268
References
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed:14702039 ]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  3. Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [PubMed:16554811 ]
  4. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ishikawa KI, Hirosawa M, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVI. The complete sequences of 150 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res. 2000 Feb 28;7(1):65-73. [PubMed:10718198 ]
  5. Drozak J, Veiga-da-Cunha M, Vertommen D, Stroobant V, Van Schaftingen E: Molecular identification of carnosine synthase as ATP-grasp domain-containing protein 1 (ATPGD1). J Biol Chem. 2010 Mar 26;285(13):9346-56. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.095505. Epub 2010 Jan 22. [PubMed:20097752 ]