| Identification |
|---|
| HMDB Protein ID
| HMDBP13408 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers
| None |
| Name
| Serine/threonine-protein kinase US3 |
| Synonyms
|
Not Available
|
| Gene Name
| US3 |
| Protein Type
| Unknown |
| Biological Properties |
|---|
| General Function
| Not Available |
| Specific Function
| Multifunctional serine/threonine kinase that plays a role in several processes including egress of virus particles from the nucleus, modulation of the actin cytoskeleton and inhibition of apoptosis. Phosphorylates UL31 and UL34, two critical regulators of capsid budding from nucleus to endoplasmic reticulum, thereby facilitating virion egress. Modulates and redistributes host components of the nuclear envelope, including LMNA, emerin/EMD and the nuclear matrix protein MATR3. Phosphorylates envelope glycoprotein B (gB), probably to direct it to the cell surface. Promotes virus intracellular spread by restructuring host cell cytoskeleton. Blocks host apoptosis to extend cell survival and allow efficient viral replication. Promotes viral gene expression by phosphorylating host HDAC2 to reduce viral genome silencing. |
| Pathways
|
Not Available
|
| Reactions
| Not Available |
| GO Classification
|
| Biological Process |
| modulation by virus of host apoptotic process |
| modulation by virus of host chromatin organization |
| Cellular Component |
| host cell cytoplasm |
| viral tegument |
| host cell nucleus |
| Molecular Function |
| ATP binding |
| protein serine kinase activity |
| protein threonine kinase activity |
|
| Cellular Location
|
Not Available
|
| Gene Properties |
|---|
| Chromosome Location
| Not Available |
| Locus
| Not Available |
| SNPs
| Not Available |
| Gene Sequence
|
Not Available
|
| Protein Properties |
|---|
| Number of Residues
| 481 |
| Molecular Weight
| 52833.95 |
| Theoretical pI
| 5.905 |
| Pfam Domain Function
|
|
| Signals
|
Not Available
|
|
Transmembrane Regions
|
Not Available
|
| Protein Sequence
|
Not Available
|
| External Links |
|---|
| GenBank ID Protein
| Not Available |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID
| P04413 |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name
| US03_HHV11 |
| PDB IDs
|
Not Available |
| GenBank Gene ID
| Not Available |
| GeneCard ID
| Not Available |
| GenAtlas ID
| Not Available |
| HGNC ID
| Not Available |
| References |
|---|
| General References
| - Leader DP, Purves FC: The herpesvirus protein kinase: a new departure in protein phosphorylation? Trends Biochem Sci. 1988 Jul;13(7):244-6. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(88)90157-0. [PubMed:2855680 ]
- Erazo A, Yee MB, Banfield BW, Kinchington PR: The alphaherpesvirus US3/ORF66 protein kinases direct phosphorylation of the nuclear matrix protein matrin 3. J Virol. 2011 Jan;85(1):568-81. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01611-10. Epub 2010 Oct 20. [PubMed:20962082 ]
- McGeoch DJ, Dolan A, Donald S, Rixon FJ: Sequence determination and genetic content of the short unique region in the genome of herpes simplex virus type 1. J Mol Biol. 1985 Jan 5;181(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90320-1. [PubMed:2984429 ]
- Purves FC, Spector D, Roizman B: The herpes simplex virus 1 protein kinase encoded by the US3 gene mediates posttranslational modification of the phosphoprotein encoded by the UL34 gene. J Virol. 1991 Nov;65(11):5757-64. doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.11.5757-5764.1991. [PubMed:1656069 ]
- Leopardi R, Van Sant C, Roizman B: The herpes simplex virus 1 protein kinase US3 is required for protection from apoptosis induced by the virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Jul 22;94(15):7891-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.15.7891. [PubMed:9223283 ]
- Kato A, Yamamoto M, Ohno T, Tanaka M, Sata T, Nishiyama Y, Kawaguchi Y: Herpes simplex virus 1-encoded protein kinase UL13 phosphorylates viral Us3 protein kinase and regulates nuclear localization of viral envelopment factors UL34 and UL31. J Virol. 2006 Feb;80(3):1476-86. doi: 10.1128/JVI.80.3.1476-1486.2006. [PubMed:16415024 ]
- Leach N, Bjerke SL, Christensen DK, Bouchard JM, Mou F, Park R, Baines J, Haraguchi T, Roller RJ: Emerin is hyperphosphorylated and redistributed in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells in a manner dependent on both UL34 and US3. J Virol. 2007 Oct;81(19):10792-803. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00196-07. Epub 2007 Jul 25. [PubMed:17652388 ]
- Kato A, Tanaka M, Yamamoto M, Asai R, Sata T, Nishiyama Y, Kawaguchi Y: Identification of a physiological phosphorylation site of the herpes simplex virus 1-encoded protein kinase Us3 which regulates its optimal catalytic activity in vitro and influences its function in infected cells. J Virol. 2008 Jul;82(13):6172-89. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00044-08. Epub 2008 Apr 16. [PubMed:18417577 ]
- Mou F, Wills E, Baines JD: Phosphorylation of the U(L)31 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 by the U(S)3-encoded kinase regulates localization of the nuclear envelopment complex and egress of nucleocapsids. J Virol. 2009 May;83(10):5181-91. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00090-09. Epub 2009 Mar 11. [PubMed:19279109 ]
- Sagou K, Imai T, Sagara H, Uema M, Kawaguchi Y: Regulation of the catalytic activity of herpes simplex virus 1 protein kinase Us3 by autophosphorylation and its role in pathogenesis. J Virol. 2009 Jun;83(11):5773-83. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00103-09. Epub 2009 Mar 18. [PubMed:19297494 ]
- Imai T, Sagou K, Arii J, Kawaguchi Y: Effects of phosphorylation of herpes simplex virus 1 envelope glycoprotein B by Us3 kinase in vivo and in vitro. J Virol. 2010 Jan;84(1):153-62. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01447-09. [PubMed:19846518 ]
- Walters MS, Kinchington PR, Banfield BW, Silverstein S: Hyperphosphorylation of histone deacetylase 2 by alphaherpesvirus US3 kinases. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(19):9666-76. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00981-10. Epub 2010 Jul 21. [PubMed:20660201 ]
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