Hmdb loader
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP13918
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Name Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2
Synonyms
  1. Group III secretory phospholipase A2
  2. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 3
  3. GIII sPLA2
  4. sPLA2-III
Gene Name PLA2G3
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Not Available
Specific Function Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids without apparent head group selectivity (PubMed:20424323). Contributes to phospholipid remodeling of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Hydrolyzes LDL phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that regulate macrophage differentiation toward foam cells (By similarity). May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner (PubMed:23624557). Secreted by immature mast cells, acts on nearby fibroblasts upstream to PTDGS to synthesize prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), which in turn promotes mast cell maturation and degranulation via PTGDR (PubMed:23624557). Secreted by epididymal epithelium, acts on immature sperm cells within the duct, modulating the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acyl components of phosphatidylcholines required for acrosome assembly and sperm cell motility (PubMed:20424323). Facilitates the replacement of fatty acyl chains in phosphatidylcholines in sperm membranes from omega-6 and omega-9 to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (PubMed:20424323). Coupled to lipoxygenase pathway, may process omega-6 PUFAs to generate oxygenated lipid mediators in the male reproductive tract (PubMed:20424323). At pericentrosomal preciliary compartment, negatively regulates ciliogenesis likely by regulating endocytotic recycling of ciliary membrane protein (By similarity). Coupled to cyclooxygenase pathway provides arachidonate to generate prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a potent immunomodulatory lipid in inflammation and tumorigenesis (By similarity). At colonic epithelial barrier, preferentially hydrolyzes phospholipids having arachidonate and docosahexaenoate at sn-2 position, contributing to the generation of oxygenated metabolites involved in colonic stem cell homeostasis (PubMed:28947740). Releases C16:0 and C18:0 lysophosphatidylcholine subclasses from neuron plasma membranes and promotes neurite outgrowth and neuron survival (PubMed:17868035).
Pathways
  • alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism
  • Arachidonic acid metabolism
  • Ether lipid metabolism
  • Fat digestion and absorption
  • Glycerophospholipid metabolism
  • Linoleic acid metabolism
  • Pancreatic secretion
  • Ras signaling pathway
  • Vascular smooth muscle contraction
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Biological Process
macrophage activation
phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process
phosphatidylglycerol metabolic process
phosphatidylserine metabolic process
phospholipid metabolic process
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
phosphatidylinositol metabolic process
lipoxygenase pathway
cell development
arachidonic acid secretion
sperm axoneme assembly
positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process
cilium morphogenesis
cell maturation
positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion
phosphatidylcholine metabolic process
positive regulation of neuron projection development
production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response
mast cell degranulation
positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response
acrosome assembly
negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance
positive regulation of histamine secretion by mast cell
positive regulation of mast cell differentiation
regulation of endocytic recycling
negative regulation of gene expression
phosphatidic acid metabolic process
Cellular Component
centriole
plasma membrane
recycling endosome
extracellular region
Molecular Function
metal ion binding
phospholipase activity
calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity
phospholipase A2 activity (consuming 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine)
phospholipase A2 activity consuming 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine)
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Not Available
Locus Not Available
SNPs Not Available
Gene Sequence Not Available
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 504
Molecular Weight 56686.855
Theoretical pI 9.017
Pfam Domain Function
Signals
  • 1-19;
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence Not Available
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8BZT7
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2G3_MOUSE
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID Not Available
GeneCard ID Not Available
GenAtlas ID Not Available
HGNC ID Not Available
References
General References
  1. Carninci P, Kasukawa T, Katayama S, Gough J, Frith MC, Maeda N, Oyama R, Ravasi T, Lenhard B, Wells C, Kodzius R, Shimokawa K, Bajic VB, Brenner SE, Batalov S, Forrest AR, Zavolan M, Davis MJ, Wilming LG, Aidinis V, Allen JE, Ambesi-Impiombato A, Apweiler R, Aturaliya RN, Bailey TL, Bansal M, Baxter L, Beisel KW, Bersano T, Bono H, Chalk AM, Chiu KP, Choudhary V, Christoffels A, Clutterbuck DR, Crowe ML, Dalla E, Dalrymple BP, de Bono B, Della Gatta G, di Bernardo D, Down T, Engstrom P, Fagiolini M, Faulkner G, Fletcher CF, Fukushima T, Furuno M, Futaki S, Gariboldi M, Georgii-Hemming P, Gingeras TR, Gojobori T, Green RE, Gustincich S, Harbers M, Hayashi Y, Hensch TK, Hirokawa N, Hill D, Huminiecki L, Iacono M, Ikeo K, Iwama A, Ishikawa T, Jakt M, Kanapin A, Katoh M, Kawasawa Y, Kelso J, Kitamura H, Kitano H, Kollias G, Krishnan SP, Kruger A, Kummerfeld SK, Kurochkin IV, Lareau LF, Lazarevic D, Lipovich L, Liu J, Liuni S, McWilliam S, Madan Babu M, Madera M, Marchionni L, Matsuda H, Matsuzawa S, Miki H, Mignone F, Miyake S, Morris K, Mottagui-Tabar S, Mulder N, Nakano N, Nakauchi H, Ng P, Nilsson R, Nishiguchi S, Nishikawa S, Nori F, Ohara O, Okazaki Y, Orlando V, Pang KC, Pavan WJ, Pavesi G, Pesole G, Petrovsky N, Piazza S, Reed J, Reid JF, Ring BZ, Ringwald M, Rost B, Ruan Y, Salzberg SL, Sandelin A, Schneider C, Schonbach C, Sekiguchi K, Semple CA, Seno S, Sessa L, Sheng Y, Shibata Y, Shimada H, Shimada K, Silva D, Sinclair B, Sperling S, Stupka E, Sugiura K, Sultana R, Takenaka Y, Taki K, Tammoja K, Tan SL, Tang S, Taylor MS, Tegner J, Teichmann SA, Ueda HR, van Nimwegen E, Verardo R, Wei CL, Yagi K, Yamanishi H, Zabarovsky E, Zhu S, Zimmer A, Hide W, Bult C, Grimmond SM, Teasdale RD, Liu ET, Brusic V, Quackenbush J, Wahlestedt C, Mattick JS, Hume DA, Kai C, Sasaki D, Tomaru Y, Fukuda S, Kanamori-Katayama M, Suzuki M, Aoki J, Arakawa T, Iida J, Imamura K, Itoh M, Kato T, Kawaji H, Kawagashira N, Kawashima T, Kojima M, Kondo S, Konno H, Nakano K, Ninomiya N, Nishio T, Okada M, Plessy C, Shibata K, Shiraki T, Suzuki S, Tagami M, Waki K, Watahiki A, Okamura-Oho Y, Suzuki H, Kawai J, Hayashizaki Y: The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome. Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1559-63. [PubMed:16141072 ]
  2. Church DM, Goodstadt L, Hillier LW, Zody MC, Goldstein S, She X, Bult CJ, Agarwala R, Cherry JL, DiCuccio M, Hlavina W, Kapustin Y, Meric P, Maglott D, Birtle Z, Marques AC, Graves T, Zhou S, Teague B, Potamousis K, Churas C, Place M, Herschleb J, Runnheim R, Forrest D, Amos-Landgraf J, Schwartz DC, Cheng Z, Lindblad-Toh K, Eichler EE, Ponting CP: Lineage-specific biology revealed by a finished genome assembly of the mouse. PLoS Biol. 2009 May 5;7(5):e1000112. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000112. Epub 2009 May 26. [PubMed:19468303 ]
  3. Masuda S, Yamamoto K, Hirabayashi T, Ishikawa Y, Ishii T, Kudo I, Murakami M: Human group III secreted phospholipase A2 promotes neuronal outgrowth and survival. Biochem J. 2008 Jan 15;409(2):429-38. doi: 10.1042/BJ20070844. [PubMed:17868035 ]
  4. Sato H, Taketomi Y, Isogai Y, Miki Y, Yamamoto K, Masuda S, Hosono T, Arata S, Ishikawa Y, Ishii T, Kobayashi T, Nakanishi H, Ikeda K, Taguchi R, Hara S, Kudo I, Murakami M: Group III secreted phospholipase A2 regulates epididymal sperm maturation and fertility in mice. J Clin Invest. 2010 May;120(5):1400-14. doi: 10.1172/JCI40493. Epub 2010 Apr 26. [PubMed:20424323 ]
  5. Taketomi Y, Ueno N, Kojima T, Sato H, Murase R, Yamamoto K, Tanaka S, Sakanaka M, Nakamura M, Nishito Y, Kawana M, Kambe N, Ikeda K, Taguchi R, Nakamizo S, Kabashima K, Gelb MH, Arita M, Yokomizo T, Nakamura M, Watanabe K, Hirai H, Nakamura M, Okayama Y, Ra C, Aritake K, Urade Y, Morimoto K, Sugimoto Y, Shimizu T, Narumiya S, Hara S, Murakami M: Mast cell maturation is driven via a group III phospholipase A2-prostaglandin D2-DP1 receptor paracrine axis. Nat Immunol. 2013 Jun;14(6):554-63. doi: 10.1038/ni.2586. Epub 2013 Apr 28. [PubMed:23624557 ]
  6. Murase R, Taketomi Y, Miki Y, Nishito Y, Saito M, Fukami K, Yamamoto K, Murakami M: Group III phospholipase A2 promotes colitis and colorectal cancer. Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 25;7(1):12261. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12434-z. [PubMed:28947740 ]