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Showing Protein Abasic site processing protein HMCES (HMDBP14568)

IdentificationBiological propertiesGene propertiesProtein propertiesExternal linksReferencesXMLShow 1 metabolite
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP14568
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Name Abasic site processing protein HMCES
Synonyms
  1. Embryonic stem cell-specific 5-hydroxymethylcytosine-binding protein
  2. Peptidase HMCES
  3. SRAP domain-containing protein 1
  4. ES cell-specific 5hmC-binding protein
Gene Name HMCES
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Not Available
Specific Function Sensor of abasic sites in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) required to preserve genome integrity by promoting error-free repair of abasic sites (PubMed:30554877, PubMed:31235915, PubMed:31235913). Acts as an enzyme that recognizes and binds abasic sites in ssDNA at replication forks and chemically modifies the lesion by forming a covalent cross-link with DNA: forms a stable thiazolidine linkage between a ring-opened abasic site and the alpha-amino and sulfhydryl substituents of its N-terminal catalytic cysteine residue (PubMed:30554877, PubMed:31235913). The HMCES DNA-protein cross-link is then degraded by the proteasome (PubMed:30554877). Promotes error-free repair of abasic sites by acting as a 'suicide' enzyme that is degraded, thereby protecting abasic sites from translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerases and endonucleases that are error-prone and would generate mutations and double-strand breaks (PubMed:30554877). Has preference for ssDNA, but can also accommodate double-stranded DNA with 3' or 5' overhang (dsDNA), and dsDNA-ssDNA 3' junction (PubMed:31235915, PubMed:31806351). Also involved in class switch recombination (CSR) in B-cells independently of the formation of a DNA-protein cross-link: acts by binding and protecting ssDNA overhangs to promote DNA double-strand break repair through the microhomology-mediated alternative-end-joining (Alt-EJ) pathway (By similarity). Acts as a protease: mediates autocatalytic processing of its N-terminal methionine in order to expose the catalytic cysteine (By similarity).
Pathways Not Available
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Biological Process
response to DNA damage stimulus
double-strand break repair via alternative nonhomologous end joining
positive regulation of isotype switching
protein-DNA covalent cross-linking
Cellular Component
replication fork
Molecular Function
peptidase activity
single-stranded DNA binding
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Not Available
Locus Not Available
SNPs Not Available
Gene Sequence Not Available
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 354
Molecular Weight 40574.585
Theoretical pI 8.146
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence Not Available
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96FZ2
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name HMCES_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID Not Available
GeneCard ID Not Available
GenAtlas ID Not Available
HGNC ID Not Available
References
General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  2. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. doi: 10.1021/ac9004309. [PubMed:19413330 ]
  3. Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, Wang J, Yu J, Sudbrak R, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Wei S, Wheeler DA, Wright MW, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clendenning J, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Chen R, Chen Z, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Dong W, Draper H, Ernst S, Fu G, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Garcia DK, Gillett W, Gu J, Hao B, Haugen E, Havlak P, He X, Hennig S, Hu S, Huang W, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Kube M, Levy R, Li Z, Liu B, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Palmeiri A, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Phelps KA, Plopper FJ, Qiang B, Raymond C, Rodriguez R, Saenphimmachak C, Santibanez J, Shen H, Shen Y, Subramanian S, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Q, Williams GA, Wong GK, Yao Z, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Nelson D, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Naylor SL, Yang H, Olson M, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1194-8. [PubMed:16641997 ]
  4. Zhou H, Di Palma S, Preisinger C, Peng M, Polat AN, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome. J Proteome Res. 2013 Jan 4;12(1):260-71. doi: 10.1021/pr300630k. Epub 2012 Dec 18. [PubMed:23186163 ]
  5. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. [PubMed:21269460 ]
  6. Hendriks IA, Lyon D, Young C, Jensen LJ, Vertegaal AC, Nielsen ML: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2017 Mar;24(3):325-336. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.3366. Epub 2017 Jan 23. [PubMed:28112733 ]
  7. Xiao Z, Chang JG, Hendriks IA, Sigurethsson JO, Olsen JV, Vertegaal AC: System-wide Analysis of SUMOylation Dynamics in Response to Replication Stress Reveals Novel Small Ubiquitin-like Modified Target Proteins and Acceptor Lysines Relevant for Genome Stability. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2015 May;14(5):1419-34. doi: 10.1074/mcp.O114.044792. Epub 2015 Mar 9. [PubMed:25755297 ]
  8. Aravind L, Anand S, Iyer LM: Novel autoproteolytic and DNA-damage sensing components in the bacterial SOS response and oxidized methylcytosine-induced eukaryotic DNA demethylation systems. Biol Direct. 2013 Aug 15;8:20. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-8-20. [PubMed:23945014 ]
  9. Mohni KN, Wessel SR, Zhao R, Wojciechowski AC, Luzwick JW, Layden H, Eichman BF, Thompson PS, Mehta KPM, Cortez D: HMCES Maintains Genome Integrity by Shielding Abasic Sites in Single-Strand DNA. Cell. 2019 Jan 10;176(1-2):144-153.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.055. Epub 2018 Dec 13. [PubMed:30554877 ]
  10. Thompson PS, Amidon KM, Mohni KN, Cortez D, Eichman BF: Protection of abasic sites during DNA replication by a stable thiazolidine protein-DNA cross-link. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2019 Jul;26(7):613-618. doi: 10.1038/s41594-019-0255-5. Epub 2019 Jun 24. [PubMed:31235915 ]
  11. Halabelian L, Ravichandran M, Li Y, Zeng H, Rao A, Aravind L, Arrowsmith CH: Structural basis of HMCES interactions with abasic DNA and multivalent substrate recognition. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2019 Jul;26(7):607-612. doi: 10.1038/s41594-019-0246-6. Epub 2019 Jun 24. [PubMed:31235913 ]
  12. Shukla V, Halabelian L, Balagere S, Samaniego-Castruita D, Feldman DE, Arrowsmith CH, Rao A, Aravind L: HMCES Functions in the Alternative End-Joining Pathway of the DNA DSB Repair during Class Switch Recombination in B Cells. Mol Cell. 2020 Jan 16;77(2):384-394.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.10.031. Epub 2019 Dec 2. [PubMed:31806351 ]