1. (S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid
2. 2-methyl-L-(+)-Hydracrylate
3. 2-methyl-L-(+)-Hydracrylic acid
4. 3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate
5. 3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid
6. 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate
7. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid
8. 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-(S)-Propanoate
9. 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-(S)-Propanoic acid
10. 3-hydroxy-isobutyrate

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• Cytoplasm
• mitochondria

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

• 125853 (Diabetes mellitus type 2)

1. Yoshida I, Sweetman L, Kulovich S, Nyhan WL, Robinson BH: Effect of lipoic acid in a patient with defective activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, and branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase. Pediatr Res. 1990 Jan;27(1):75-9. [PubMed ]
2. Liebich HM, Dotzauer A, Tetschner B: Gas chromatographic determination of oxo- and hydroxycarboxylic acids in serum and urine of diabetic and normal subjects. J Chromatogr. 1989 May 12;468:157-65. [PubMed ]
3. Podebrad F, Heil M, Beck T, Mosandl A, Sewell AC, Bohles H: Stereodifferentiation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric- and 3-aminoisobutyric acid in human urine by enantioselective multidimensional capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta. 2000 Feb 25;292(1-2):93-105. [PubMed ]
4. Chitayat D, Meagher-Villemure K, Mamer OA, O'Gorman A, Hoar DI, Silver K, Scriver CR: Brain dysgenesis and congenital intracerebral calcification associated with 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria. J Pediatr. 1992 Jul;121(1):86-9. [PubMed ]
5. Landaas S: Accumulation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid, 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in ketoacidosis. Clin Chim Acta. 1975 Oct 15;64(2):143-54. [PubMed ]
6. Hoffmann GF, Meier-Augenstein W, Stockler S, Surtees R, Rating D, Nyhan WL: Physiology and pathophysiology of organic acids in cerebrospinal fluid. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(4):648-69. [PubMed ]

1. 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
2. 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial precursor
3. Enoyl-Coenzyme A, hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl Coenzyme A dehydrogenase

1. HIBADH

MAASLRLLGAASGLRYWSRRLRPAAGSFAAVCSRSVASKTPVGFIGLGNMGNPMAKNLMK
HGYPLIIYDVFPDACKEFQDAGEQVVSSPADVAEKADRIITMLPTSINAIEAYSGANGIL
KKVKKGSLLIDSSTIDPAVSKELAKEVEKMGAVFMDAPVSGGVGAARSGNLTFMVGGVED
EFAAAQELLGCMGSNVVYCGAVGTGQAAKICNNMLLAISMIGTAEAMNLGIRLGLDPKLL
AKILNMSSGRCWSSDTYNPVPGVMDGVPSANNYQGGFGTTLMAKDLGLAQDSATSTKSPI
LLGSLAHQIYRMMCAKGYSKKDFSSVFQFLREEETF

• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate + NAD+ = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + NADH + H+

• NAD_binding_2 (PF03446 )

• None

• None

1. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed ]
2. Hughes GJ, Frutiger S, Paquet N, Pasquali C, Sanchez JC, Tissot JD, Bairoch A, Appel RD, Hochstrasser DF: Human liver protein map: update 1993. Electrophoresis. 1993 Nov;14(11):1216-22. [PubMed ]

1. 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-coenzyme A hydrolase
2. HIBYL-CoA-H
3. HIB-CoA hydrolase

MGQREMWRLMSRFNAFKRTNTILHHLRMSKHTDAAEEVLLEKKGCTGVITLNRPKFLNAL
TLNMIRQIYPQLKKWEQDPETFLIIIKGAGGKAFCAGGDIRVISEAEKAKQKIAPVFFRE
EYMLNNAVGSCQKPYVALIHGITMGGGVGLSVHGQFRVATEKCLFAMPETAIGLFPDVGG
GYFLPRLQGKLGYFLALTGFRLKGRDVYRAGIATHFVDSEKLAMLEEDLLALKSPSKENI
ASVLENYHTESKIDRDKSFILEEHMDKINSCFSANTVEEIIENLQQDGSSFALEQLKVIN
KMSPTSLKITLRQLMEGSSKTLQEVLTMEYRLSQACMRGHDFHEGVRAVLIDKDQSPKWK
PADLKEVTEEDLNNHFKSLGSSDLKF

• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• 3-Hydroxypropionyl-CoA + H2O --> 3-Hydroxypropanoate + Coenzyme A + H+

• ECH (PF00378 )

• None

• None

1. Hawes JW, Jaskiewicz J, Shimomura Y, Huang B, Bunting J, Harper ET, Harris RA: Primary structure and tissue-specific expression of human beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-coenzyme A hydrolase. J Biol Chem. 1996 Oct 18;271(42):26430-4. [PubMed ]

1. Enoyl-Coenzyme A, hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, isoform CRA_b
2. Enoyl-Coenzyme A, hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl Coenzyme A dehydrogenase variant

MAEYTRLHNALALIRLRNPPVNAISTTLLRDIKEGLQKAVIDHTIKAIVICGAEGKFSAG
ADIRGFSAPRTFGLTLGHVVDEIQRNEKPVVAAIQGMAFGGGLELALGCHYRIAHAEAQV
GLPEVTLGLLPGARGTQLLPRLTGVPAALDLITSGRRILADEALKLGILDKVVNSDPVEE
AIRFAQRVSDQPLESRRLCNKPIQSLPNMDSIFSEALLKMRRQHPGCLAQEACVRAVQAA
VQYPYEVGIKKEEELFLYLLQSGQARALQYAFFAERKANKWSTPSGASWKTASARPVSSV
GVVGLGTMGRGIVISFARARIPVIAVDSDKNQLATANKMITSVLEKEASKMQQSGHPWSG
PKPRLTSSVKELGGVDLVIEAVFEEMSLKKQVFAELSAVCKPEAFLCTNTSALDVDEIAS
STDRPHLVIGTHFFSPAHVMKLLEVIPSQYSSPTTIATVMNLSKKIKKIGVVVGNCFGFV
GNRMLNPYYNQAYFLLEEGSKPEEVDQVLEEFGFKMGPFRVSDLAGLDVGWKSRKGQGLT
GPTLLPGTPARKRGNRRYCPIPDVLCELGRFGQKTGKGWYQYDKPLGRIHKPDPWLSKFL
SRYRKTHHIEPRTISQDEILERCLYSLINEAFRILGEGIAASPEHIDVVYLHGYGWPRHK
GGPMFYASTVGLPTVLEKLQKYYRQNPDIPQLEPSDYLKKLASQGNPPLKEWQSLAGSPS
SKL

• 3HCDH (PF00725 )
• 3HCDH_N (PF02737 )
• ECH (PF00378 )

• None

• None

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