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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 15:12:11 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:17 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0002802
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB02802
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCortisone
DescriptionCortisone is a naturally occurring glucocorticoid. It has been used in replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Cortisone itself is inactive. It is converted in the liver into the active metabolite cortisol. Cortisone is a corticosteroid hormone released by the adrenal gland in response to stress. One of cortisone's effects on the body, and a potentially harmful side effect when administered clinically, is the suppression of the immune system. This is an explanation for the apparent correlation between high stress and sickness.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC21H28O5
Average Molecular Weight360.444
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight360.193674006
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,10S,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-ene-5,17-dione
Traditional Name(1S,2R,10S,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-ene-5,17-dione
CAS Registry Number53-06-5
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)CC(=O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H28O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h9,14-15,18,22,26H,3-8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
InChI KeyMFYSYFVPBJMHGN-ZPOLXVRWSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassHydroxysteroids
Direct Parent21-hydroxysteroids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Progestogin-skeleton
  • 21-hydroxysteroid
  • Pregnane-skeleton
  • 20-oxosteroid
  • 3-oxo-delta-4-steroid
  • 3-oxosteroid
  • 17-hydroxysteroid
  • Oxosteroid
  • 11-oxosteroid
  • Delta-4-steroid
  • Cyclohexenone
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Tertiary alcohol
  • Cyclic ketone
  • Ketone
  • Alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Primary alcohol
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point222 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.28 mg/mL at 25 °CNot Available
LogP1.47HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+MetCCS_train_pos188.60330932474
[M-H]-Not Available191.4http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000266
[M+H]+Not Available188.7http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000266
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Adrenal Cortex
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Epidermis
  • Fibroblasts
  • Intestine
  • Kidney
  • Neuron
  • Placenta
  • Skeletal Muscle
  • Testis
  • Thyroid Gland
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0411 (0.0222 - 0.0750) uMAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0380 (0.0222 - 0.0750) uMAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0624 +/- 0.009 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.011 +/- 0.001 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Depersonalization disorder
  1. Nuller YL, Morozova MG, Kushnir ON, Hamper N: Effect of naloxone therapy on depersonalization: a pilot study. J Psychopharmacol. 2001 Jun;15(2):93-5. [PubMed:11448093 ]
Ovarian cancer
  1. Gaul DA, Mezencev R, Long TQ, Jones CM, Benigno BB, Gray A, Fernandez FM, McDonald JF: Highly-accurate metabolomic detection of early-stage ovarian cancer. Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 17;5:16351. doi: 10.1038/srep16351. [PubMed:26573008 ]
Tooth Decay
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Rheumatoid arthritis
  1. Straub RH, Weidler C, Demmel B, Herrmann M, Kees F, Schmidt M, Scholmerich J, Schedel J: Renal clearance and daily excretion of cortisol and adrenal androgens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Aug;63(8):961-8. [PubMed:15249323 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB023065
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID193441
KEGG Compound IDC00762
BioCyc IDCORTISONE
BiGG ID35911
Wikipedia LinkCortisone
METLIN ID271
PubChem Compound222786
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16962
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDCORTSN
MarkerDB IDMDB00030004
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceGanis, Frank M.; Axelrod, Leonard R.; Miller, Leon L. The metabolism of hydrocortisone by kidney tissue in vitro. Journal of Biological Chemistry (1956), 218 841-8.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Efficiently catalyzes the reduction of progesterone, androstenedione, 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone to 5-beta-reduced metabolites. The bile acid intermediates 7-alpha,12-alpha-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and 7-alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one can also act as substrates.
Gene Name:
AKR1D1
Uniprot ID:
P51857
Molecular weight:
32889.38
Reactions
17a,21-Dihydroxy-5b-pregnane-3,11,20-trione + NADP → Cortisonedetails
17a,21-Dihydroxy-5b-pregnane-3,11,20-trione + NADP → Cortisone + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to the inactive metabolite cortisone. Modulates intracellular glucocorticoid levels, thus protecting the nonselective mineralocorticoid receptor from occupation by glucocorticoids.
Gene Name:
HSD11B2
Uniprot ID:
P80365
Molecular weight:
44126.06
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes reversibly the conversion of cortisol to the inactive metabolite cortisone. Catalyzes reversibly the conversion of 7-ketocholesterol to 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol. In intact cells, the reaction runs only in one direction, from 7-ketocholesterol to 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol (By similarity).
Gene Name:
HSD11B1
Uniprot ID:
P28845
Molecular weight:
32400.665
Reactions
Cortisol + NADP → Cortisone + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Displays NADPH-dependent dicarbonyl reductase activity in vitro with 3,4-Hexanedione, 2,3-Heptanedione and 1-Phenyl-1,2- propanedione as substrates. No reductase activity is displayed in vitro with steroids, retinoids and sugars as substrates. May inhibit cell replication
Gene Name:
DHRS2
Uniprot ID:
Q13268
Molecular weight:
27438.4