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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:48:59 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000067
Secondary Accession Numbers
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCholesterol
Description
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC27H46O
Average Molecular Weight386.6535
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight386.354866094
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
Traditional Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
CAS Registry Number57-88-5
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C27H46O/c1-18(2)7-6-8-19(3)23-11-12-24-22-10-9-20-17-21(28)13-15-26(20,4)25(22)14-16-27(23,24)5/h9,18-19,21-25,28H,6-8,10-17H2,1-5H3/t19-,21+,22+,23-,24+,25+,26+,27-/m1/s1
InChI KeyHVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassCholestane steroids
Direct ParentCholesterols and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Cholesterol-skeleton
  • Cholesterol
  • 3-beta-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-beta-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • Delta-5-steroid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point148 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility9.5e-05 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Lysosome
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus
Biospecimen Locations
  • Bile
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • All Tissues
  • Placenta
  • Prostate
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Gallbladder disease
  1. Miettinen TE, Kesaniemi YA, Gylling H, Jarvinen H, Silvennoinen E, Miettinen TA: Noncholesterol sterols in bile and stones of patients with cholesterol and pigment stones. Hepatology. 1996 Feb;23(2):274-80. [PubMed:8591852 ]
  2. Mizuno S, Tazuma S, Kajiyama G: Stabilization of biliary lipid particles by ursodeoxycholic acid. Prolonged nucleation time in human gallbladder bile. Dig Dis Sci. 1993 Apr;38(4):684-93. [PubMed:8462368 ]
Cholelithiasis
  1. Miettinen TE, Kesaniemi YA, Gylling H, Jarvinen H, Silvennoinen E, Miettinen TA: Noncholesterol sterols in bile and stones of patients with cholesterol and pigment stones. Hepatology. 1996 Feb;23(2):274-80. [PubMed:8591852 ]
Stomach cancer
  1. Higashijima H, Ichimiya H, Nakano T, Yamashita H, Kuroki S, Satoh H, Chijiiwa K, Tanaka M: Deconjugation of bilirubin accelerates coprecipitation of cholesterol, fatty acids, and mucin in human bile--in vitro study. J Gastroenterol. 1996 Dec;31(6):828-35. [PubMed:9027647 ]
Acute myelogenous leukemia
  1. Tatidis L, Vitols S, Gruber A, Paul C, Axelson M: Cholesterol catabolism in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and hypocholesterolemia: suppressed levels of a circulating marker for bile acid synthesis. Cancer Lett. 2001 Sep 20;170(2):169-75. [PubMed:11463495 ]
Hypercholesterolemia
  1. Authors unspecified: Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. The Expert Panel. Arch Intern Med. 1988 Jan;148(1):36-69. [PubMed:3422148 ]
Cholesteryl ester storage disease
  1. Rassoul F, Richter V, Lohse P, Naumann A, Purschwitz K, Keller E: Long-term administration of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin in two patients with cholesteryl ester storage disease. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001 May;39(5):199-204. [PubMed:11380065 ]
  2. Chatrath H, Keilin S, Attar BM: Cholesterol ester storage disease (CESD) diagnosed in an asymptomatic adult. Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Jan;54(1):168-73. doi: 10.1007/s10620-008-0310-2. Epub 2008 May 14. [PubMed:18478331 ]
  3. Bernstein DL, Hulkova H, Bialer MG, Desnick RJ: Cholesteryl ester storage disease: review of the findings in 135 reported patients with an underdiagnosed disease. J Hepatol. 2013 Jun;58(6):1230-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.02.014. Epub 2013 Feb 26. [PubMed:23485521 ]
  4. G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
Cystinosis
  1. Ueda M, O'Brien K, Rosing DR, Ling A, Kleta R, McAreavey D, Bernardini I, Gahl WA: Coronary artery and other vascular calcifications in patients with cystinosis after kidney transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 May;1(3):555-62. Epub 2006 Feb 8. [PubMed:17699259 ]
  2. Gahl WA, Bernardini I, Dalakas M, Rizzo WB, Harper GS, Hoeg JM, Hurko O, Bernar J: Oral carnitine therapy in children with cystinosis and renal Fanconi syndrome. J Clin Invest. 1988 Feb;81(2):549-60. [PubMed:3276734 ]
  3. G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
  1. van Rooij A, Nijenhuis AA, Wijburg FA, Schutgens RB: Highly increased CSF concentrations of cholesterol precursors in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1997 Aug;20(4):578-80. [PubMed:9266395 ]
Prostate cancer
  1. Thysell E, Surowiec I, Hornberg E, Crnalic S, Widmark A, Johansson AI, Stattin P, Bergh A, Moritz T, Antti H, Wikstrom P: Metabolomic characterization of human prostate cancer bone metastases reveals increased levels of cholesterol. PLoS One. 2010 Dec 3;5(12):e14175. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014175. [PubMed:21151972 ]
Schizophrenia
  1. Xuan J, Pan G, Qiu Y, Yang L, Su M, Liu Y, Chen J, Feng G, Fang Y, Jia W, Xing Q, He L: Metabolomic profiling to identify potential serum biomarkers for schizophrenia and risperidone action. J Proteome Res. 2011 Dec 2;10(12):5433-43. doi: 10.1021/pr2006796. Epub 2011 Nov 8. [PubMed:22007635 ]
  2. Al Awam K, Haussleiter IS, Dudley E, Donev R, Brune M, Juckel G, Thome J: Multiplatform metabolome and proteome profiling identifies serum metabolite and protein signatures as prospective biomarkers for schizophrenia. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2015 Aug;122 Suppl 1:S111-22. doi: 10.1007/s00702-014-1224-0. Epub 2014 May 1. [PubMed:24789758 ]
Primary hypomagnesemia
  1. Jin-no Y, Kamiya Y, Okada M, Hirako M, Takada N, Kawaguchi M: Primary hypomagnesemia caused by isolated magnesium malabsorption: atypical case in adult. Intern Med. 1999 Mar;38(3):261-5. [PubMed:10337938 ]
Hyperlipoproteinemia
  1. Nelson RH: Hyperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Prim Care. 2013 Mar;40(1):195-211. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2012.11.003. Epub 2012 Dec 4. [PubMed:23402469 ]
  2. Cantin B, Boudriau S, Bertrand M, Brun LD, Gagne C, Rogers PA, Ven Murthy MR, Lupien PJ, Julien P: Hemolysis in primary lipoprotein lipase deficiency. Metabolism. 1995 May;44(5):652-8. [PubMed:7752915 ]
Abetalipoproteinemia
  1. Lazaro RP, Dentinger MP, Rodichok LD, Barron KD, Satya-Murti S: Muscle pathology in Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome and vitamin E deficiency. Am J Clin Pathol. 1986 Sep;86(3):378-87. [PubMed:2944375 ]
Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis
  1. Breckenridge WC, Alaupovic P, Cox DW, Little JA: Apolipoprotein and lipoprotein concentrations in familial apolipoprotein C-II deficiency. Atherosclerosis. 1982 Aug;44(2):223-35. [PubMed:7138621 ]
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis
  1. Siman-Tov T, Meiner V, Gadoth N: Could steroids mask the diagnosis of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis? J Neurol Sci. 2006 Apr 15;243(1-2):83-6. Epub 2006 Jan 30. [PubMed:16445943 ]
  2. Agrawal NK, Garg S: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: a rare disorder with a rare presentation. BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Sep 21;2012. pii: bcr-2012-006202. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006202. [PubMed:23001091 ]
3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Deficiency
  1. Conboy E, Vairo F, Schultz M, Agre K, Ridsdale R, Deyle D, Oglesbee D, Gavrilov D, Klee EW, Lanpher B: Mitochondrial 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Deficiency: Unique Presenting Laboratory Values and a Review of Biochemical and Clinical Features. JIMD Rep. 2017 Oct 14. doi: 10.1007/8904_2017_59. [PubMed:29030856 ]
Hypercholesterolemia, familial
  1. Kwiterovich PO Jr, Fredrickson DS, Levy RI: Familial hypercholesterolemia (one form of familial type II hyperlipoproteinemia). A study of its biochemical, genetic and clinical presentation in childhood. J Clin Invest. 1974 May;53(5):1237-49. doi: 10.1172/JCI107670. [PubMed:4363406 ]
SC4MOL deficiency
  1. He M, Kratz LE, Michel JJ, Vallejo AN, Ferris L, Kelley RI, Hoover JJ, Jukic D, Gibson KM, Wolfe LA, Ramachandran D, Zwick ME, Vockley J: Mutations in the human SC4MOL gene encoding a methyl sterol oxidase cause psoriasiform dermatitis, microcephaly, and developmental delay. J Clin Invest. 2011 Mar;121(3):976-84. doi: 10.1172/JCI42650. [PubMed:21285510 ]
Chondrodysplasia punctata, X-linked dominant
  1. Aughton DJ, Kelley RI, Metzenberg A, Pureza V, Pauli RM: X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX2) caused by single gene mosaicism in a male. Am J Med Genet A. 2003 Jan 30;116A(3):255-60. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.10852. [PubMed:12503102 ]
Desmosterolosis
  1. Andersson HC, Kratz L, Kelley R: Desmosterolosis presenting with multiple congenital anomalies and profound developmental delay. Am J Med Genet. 2002 Dec 15;113(4):315-9. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.10873. [PubMed:12457401 ]
Donohue Syndrome
  1. Nijim Y, Awni Y, Adawi A, Bowirrat A: Classic Case Report of Donohue Syndrome (Leprechaunism; OMIM *246200): The Impact of Consanguineous Mating. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Feb;95(6):e2710. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002710. [PubMed:26871809 ]
Leptin Deficiency or Dysfunction
  1. Farooqi IS, Jebb SA, Langmack G, Lawrence E, Cheetham CH, Prentice AM, Hughes IA, McCamish MA, O'Rahilly S: Effects of recombinant leptin therapy in a child with congenital leptin deficiency. N Engl J Med. 1999 Sep 16;341(12):879-84. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199909163411204. [PubMed:10486419 ]
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
  1. Srivastava NK, Pradhan S, Mittal B, Gowda GA: High resolution NMR based analysis of serum lipids in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients and its possible diagnostic significance. NMR Biomed. 2010 Jan;23(1):13-22. doi: 10.1002/nbm.1419. [PubMed:19787747 ]
Lecithin:cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency
  1. Idzior-Walus B, Sieradzki J, Kostner G, Malecki MT, Klupa T, Wesolowska T, Rostworowski W, Hartwich J, Walus M, Kiec AD, Naruszewicz M: Familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: biochemical characteristics and molecular analysis of a new LCAT mutation in a Polish family. Atherosclerosis. 2006 Apr;185(2):413-20. Epub 2005 Jul 26. [PubMed:16051254 ]
Lipodystrophy
  1. Akinci G, Topaloglu H, Demir T, Danyeli AE, Talim B, Keskin FE, Kadioglu P, Talip E, Altay C, Yaylali GF, Bilen H, Nur B, Demir L, Onay H, Akinci B: Clinical spectra of neuromuscular manifestations in patients with lipodystrophy: A multicenter study. Neuromuscul Disord. 2017 Oct;27(10):923-930. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.05.015. Epub 2017 Jun 1. [PubMed:28754454 ]
Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized
  1. Akinci G, Topaloglu H, Demir T, Danyeli AE, Talim B, Keskin FE, Kadioglu P, Talip E, Altay C, Yaylali GF, Bilen H, Nur B, Demir L, Onay H, Akinci B: Clinical spectra of neuromuscular manifestations in patients with lipodystrophy: A multicenter study. Neuromuscul Disord. 2017 Oct;27(10):923-930. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.05.015. Epub 2017 Jun 1. [PubMed:28754454 ]
Oculocerebrorenal syndrome
  1. Charnas LR, Bernardini I, Rader D, Hoeg JM, Gahl WA: Clinical and laboratory findings in the oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe, with special reference to growth and renal function. N Engl J Med. 1991 May 9;324(19):1318-25. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199105093241904. [PubMed:2017228 ]
Familial partial lipodystrophy
  1. Akinci G, Topaloglu H, Demir T, Danyeli AE, Talim B, Keskin FE, Kadioglu P, Talip E, Altay C, Yaylali GF, Bilen H, Nur B, Demir L, Onay H, Akinci B: Clinical spectra of neuromuscular manifestations in patients with lipodystrophy: A multicenter study. Neuromuscul Disord. 2017 Oct;27(10):923-930. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.05.015. Epub 2017 Jun 1. [PubMed:28754454 ]
Lathosterolosis
  1. Ho AC, Fung CW, Siu TS, Ma OC, Lam CW, Tam S, Wong VC: Lathosterolosis: a disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis resembling smith-lemli-opitz syndrome. JIMD Rep. 2014;12:129-34. doi: 10.1007/8904_2013_255. Epub 2013 Oct 20. [PubMed:24142275 ]
Partial lipodystrophy
  1. Akinci G, Topaloglu H, Demir T, Danyeli AE, Talim B, Keskin FE, Kadioglu P, Talip E, Altay C, Yaylali GF, Bilen H, Nur B, Demir L, Onay H, Akinci B: Clinical spectra of neuromuscular manifestations in patients with lipodystrophy: A multicenter study. Neuromuscul Disord. 2017 Oct;27(10):923-930. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.05.015. Epub 2017 Jun 1. [PubMed:28754454 ]
Multiple sclerosis
  1. Leoni V, Lutjohann D, Masterman T: Levels of 7-oxocholesterol in cerebrospinal fluid are more than one thousand times lower than reported in multiple sclerosis. J Lipid Res. 2005 Feb;46(2):191-5. Epub 2004 Dec 1. [PubMed:15576852 ]
Inflammatory bowel disease
  1. Lee T, Clavel T, Smirnov K, Schmidt A, Lagkouvardos I, Walker A, Lucio M, Michalke B, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Fedorak R, Haller D: Oral versus intravenous iron replacement therapy distinctly alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in patients with IBD. Gut. 2017 May;66(5):863-871. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309940. Epub 2016 Feb 4. [PubMed:26848182 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  2. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  3. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 600803 (Cholelithiasis)
  • 137215 (Stomach cancer)
  • 602439 (Acute myelogenous leukemia)
  • 278000 (Cholesteryl ester storage disease)
  • 219750 (Cystinosis)
  • 270400 (Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome)
  • 176807 (Prostate cancer)
  • 181500 (Schizophrenia)
  • 248250 (Primary hypomagnesemia)
  • 238600 (Hyperlipoproteinemia)
  • 200100 (Abetalipoproteinemia)
  • 201750 (Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis)
  • 213700 (Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis)
  • 605911 (3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Deficiency)
  • 143890 (Hypercholesterolemia, familial)
  • 616834 (SC4MOL deficiency)
  • 302960 (Chondrodysplasia punctata, X-linked dominant)
  • 602398 (Desmosterolosis)
  • 246200 (Donohue Syndrome)
  • 614962 (Leptin Deficiency or Dysfunction)
  • 310200 (Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy)
  • 245900 (Lecithin:cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency)
  • 608594 (Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized)
  • 309000 (Oculocerebrorenal syndrome)
  • 608600 (Familial partial lipodystrophy)
  • 607330 (Lathosterolosis)
  • 126200 (Multiple sclerosis)
  • 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
DrugBank IDDB04540
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB013269
KNApSAcK IDC00003648
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC00187
BioCyc IDCHOLESTEROL
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkCholesterol
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5997
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16113
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDCHSTEROL
MarkerDB IDMDB00000034
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceZhu, Yongming; Qin, Liena; Liu, Rui. Simple method for synthesis cholesterol from Diosgenin. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2006), 9 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 19 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Central enzyme in the extracellular metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. Synthesized mainly in the liver and secreted into plasma where it converts cholesterol and phosphatidylcholines (lecithins) to cholesteryl esters and lysophosphatidylcholines on the surface of high and low density lipoproteins (HDLs and LDLs). The cholesterol ester is then transported back to the liver. Has a preference for plasma 16:0-18:2 or 18:O-18:2 phosphatidylcholines. Also produced in the brain by primary astrocytes, and esterifies free cholesterol on nascent APOE-containing lipoproteins secreted from glia and influences cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) APOE- and APOA1 levels. Together with APOE and the cholesterol transporter ABCA1, plays a key role in the maturation of glial-derived, nascent lipoproteins. Required for remodeling high-density lipoprotein particles into their spherical forms.
Gene Name:
LCAT
Uniprot ID:
P04180
Molecular weight:
49577.545
General function:
Involved in lipid metabolic process
Specific function:
Crucial for the intracellular hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides that have been internalized via receptor-mediated endocytosis of lipoprotein particles. Important in mediating the effect of LDL (low density lipoprotein) uptake on suppression of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase and activation of endogenous cellular cholesteryl ester formation.
Gene Name:
LIPA
Uniprot ID:
P38571
Molecular weight:
45418.71
Reactions
Cholesterol ester + Water → Cholesterol + Fatty aciddetails
General function:
Lipid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Catalyzes fat and vitamin absorption. Acts in concert with pancreatic lipase and colipase for the complete digestion of dietary triglycerides.
Gene Name:
CEL
Uniprot ID:
P19835
Molecular weight:
79666.385
Reactions
Cholesterol ester + Water → Cholesterol + Fatty aciddetails
General function:
Involved in sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:
Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs and xenobiotic compounds. Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Sulfates hydroxysteroids like DHEA. Isoform 1 preferentially sulfonates cholesterol, and isoform 2 avidly sulfonates pregnenolone but not cholesterol.
Gene Name:
SULT2B1
Uniprot ID:
O00204
Molecular weight:
39598.595
Reactions
Cholesterol + Phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate → Cholesterol sulfate + Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Conversion of sulfated steroid precursors to estrogens during pregnancy.
Gene Name:
STS
Uniprot ID:
P08842
Molecular weight:
65491.72
Reactions
Cholesterol + Oat gum → Cholesterol sulfate + Waterdetails
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA binding
Specific function:
Plays a role in lipoprotein assembly and dietary cholesterol absorption. In addition to its acyltransferase activity, it may act as a ligase. May provide cholesteryl esters for lipoprotein secretion from hepatocytes and intestinal mucosa.
Gene Name:
SOAT2
Uniprot ID:
O75908
Molecular weight:
59895.735
Reactions
Acyl-CoA + Cholesterol → Coenzyme A + cholesterol esterdetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes a rate-limiting step in cholesterol catabolism and bile acid biosynthesis by introducing a hydrophilic moiety at position 7 of cholesterol. Important for cholesterol homeostasis.
Gene Name:
CYP7A1
Uniprot ID:
P22680
Molecular weight:
57660.155
Reactions
Cholesterol + NADPH + Oxygen → 7alpha-Hydroxycholesterol + NADP + Waterdetails
Cholesterol + Oxygen + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion → 7alpha-Hydroxycholesterol + NADP + Waterdetails
General function:
Involved in acyl-CoA binding
Specific function:
Catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters. Plays a role in lipoprotein assembly and dietary cholesterol absorption. In addition to its acyltransferase activity, it may act as a ligase.
Gene Name:
SOAT1
Uniprot ID:
P35610
Molecular weight:
58130.665
Reactions
Acyl-CoA + Cholesterol → Coenzyme A + cholesterol esterdetails
General function:
Involved in 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase activity
Specific function:
Production of cholesterol by reduction of C7-C8 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC).
Gene Name:
DHCR7
Uniprot ID:
Q9UBM7
Molecular weight:
54488.98
Reactions
Cholesterol + NADP → 7-Dehydrocholesterol + NADPHdetails
Cholesterol + NAD → 7-Dehydrocholesterol + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Cholesterol + NADP → 7-Dehydrocholesterol + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the side-chain cleavage reaction of cholesterol to pregnenolone.
Gene Name:
CYP11A1
Uniprot ID:
P05108
Molecular weight:
60101.87
Reactions
Cholesterol + reduced adrenal ferredoxin + Oxygen → Pregnenolone + 4-Methylpentanal + oxidized adrenal ferredoxin + Waterdetails
Cholesterol + Oxygen + Hydrogen Ion + Reduced adrenal ferredoxin → 20alpha-Hydroxycholesterol + Water + Oxidized adrenal ferredoxindetails
Cholesterol + Oxygen + Reduced adrenal ferredoxin + Hydrogen Ion → 22b-Hydroxycholesterol + Water + Oxidized adrenal ferredoxindetails

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Wang E, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Cholesterol interaction with the daunorubicin binding site of P-glycoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Oct 5;276(3):909-16. [PubMed:11027568 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Xenobiotic transporter that may play an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain. May be involved in brain-to-blood efflux. Appears to play a major role in the multidrug resistance phenotype of several cancer cell lines. When overexpressed, the transfected cells become resistant to mitoxantrone, daunorubicin and doxorubicin, display diminished intracellular accumulation of daunorubicin, and manifest an ATP- dependent increase in the efflux of rhodamine 123
Gene Name:
ABCG2
Uniprot ID:
Q9UNQ0
Molecular weight:
72313.5
References
  1. Janvilisri T, Venter H, Shahi S, Reuter G, Balakrishnan L, van Veen HW: Sterol transport by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) expressed in Lactococcus lactis. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):20645-51. Epub 2003 Mar 28. [PubMed:12668685 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 19 proteins in total.