1. Hexaectylic acid
2. Lunac P 95KC
3. Prifac 2960
4. Palmitate
5. Hydrofol
6. PLM
7. Lunac P 95
8. Hexadecylic acid
9. Hystrene 8016
10. Industrene 4516
11. Hexadecoic acid
12. Lunac P 98
13. Emersol 140
14. Hexadecanoic acid
15. PAM
16. Kortacid 1698
17. Hydrofol acid 1690
18. Pristerene 4934
19. Prifrac 2960
20. Univol U332
21. 1-hexyldecanoic acid
22. palmitic acid
23. Palmitinsaeure
24. C16 fatty acid
25. Loxiol EP 278
26. Emersol 143
27. Edenor C16
28. Hystrene 9016
29. 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid
30. Cetylic acid
31. Glycon P-45
32. Hexadecanoate
33. Palmitinate
34. Palmitinic acid
35. Pentadecanecarboxylate
36. Pentadecanecarboxylic acid
37. n-Hexadecanoate
38. n-Hexadecanoic acid
39. n-Hexadecoate
40. n-Hexadecoic acid
41. Hexadecanoic acid palmitic acid
42. Hexadecoate
43. 1-hexyldecanoate
44. palmitoate
45. palmitoic acid

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• Membrane (Predicted from LogP)
• Cytoplasm
• endoplasmic reticulum
• Extracellular
• peroxisome

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

1. Lloyd B, Halter RJ, Kuchan MJ, Baggs GE, Ryan AS, Masor ML: Formula tolerance in postbreastfed and exclusively formula-fed infants. Pediatrics. 1999 Jan;103(1):E7. [PubMed ]
2. Katsuta Y, Iida T, Inomata S, Denda M: Unsaturated fatty acids induce calcium influx into keratinocytes and cause abnormal differentiation of epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 May;124(5):1008-13. [PubMed ]
3. Mensink RP: Nutrition in lipid disorders. Ther Umsch. 1995 Aug;52(8):509-14. [PubMed ]
4. Mesiha MS, Ponnapula S, Plakogiannis F: Oral absorption of insulin encapsulated in artificial chyles of bile salts, palmitic acid and alpha-tocopherol dispersions. Int J Pharm. 2002 Dec 5;249(1-2):1-5. [PubMed ]
5. Dubinin DM, Naidina VP, Zaloguev SN: [Evaluation of human skin function in a sealed room by a chromatographic method] Kosm Biol Aviakosm Med. 1985 Nov-Dec;19(6):69-73. [PubMed ]
6. Okun JG, Kolker S, Schulze A, Kohlmuller D, Olgemoller K, Lindner M, Hoffmann GF, Wanders RJ, Mayatepek E: A method for quantitative acylcarnitine profiling in human skin fibroblasts using unlabelled palmitic acid: diagnosis of fatty acid oxidation disorders and differentiation between biochemical phenotypes of MCAD deficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Oct 10;1584(2-3):91-8. [PubMed ]
7. Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed ]
8. Otsuki T, Oku M: [A study on the effect of cortisol and progesterone on cytosolic arachidonic and palmitic acid concentrations in cultured human myometrial cells] Nippon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi. 1995 Jun;47(6):531-8. [PubMed ]
9. Draisey TF, Gagneja GL, Thibert RJ: Pulmonary surfactant and amniotic fluid insulin. Obstet Gynecol. 1977 Aug;50(2):197-9. [PubMed ]
10. Florentin E, Athias A, Lagrost L: Modulation of the activity of the human cholesteryl ester transfer protein by carboxylated derivatives. Evidence for 13-cis-retinoic acid as a potent activator of the protein's activity in plasma. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Sep 15;240(3):699-706. [PubMed ]
11. Urien S, Morin D, Tillement JP: Effect of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, albumin and palmitic acid on the brain and salivary gland extraction of warfarin in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1989 Feb;248(2):781-5. [PubMed ]
12. Wang J, Zhu F, Pan G: [Diagnosis of chylous ascites with oral administration of 13C-palmitic acid] Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 1996 Jun;35(6):382-4. [PubMed ]
13. Ip MP, Draisey TF, Thibert RJ, Gagneja GL, Jasey GM: Fetal lung maturity, as assessed by gas-liquid chromatographic determination of phospholipid palmitic acid in amniotic fluid. Clin Chem. 1977 Jan;23(1):35-40. [PubMed ]
14. Messner T, Erkstam UB, Gustafsson IB, Nilsson SB, Vessby B: Diet and dietary markers in Kiruna and Uppsala, Sweden--a comparison. Int J Circumpolar Health. 1997 Apr;56(1-2):21-9. [PubMed ]
15. A J, Trygg J, Gullberg J, Johansson AI, Jonsson P, Antti H, Marklund SL, Moritz T: Extraction and GC/MS analysis of the human blood plasma metabolome. Anal Chem. 2005 Dec 15;77(24):8086-94. [PubMed ]
16. Vessby B, Tengblad S, Lithell H: Insulin sensitivity is related to the fatty acid composition of serum lipids and skeletal muscle phospholipids in 70-year-old men. Diabetologia. 1994 Oct;37(10):1044-50. [PubMed ]
17. Liau YH, Slomiany BL, Slomiany A, Piasek A, Palmer D, Rosenthal WS: Identification of mucus glycoprotein fatty acyltransferase activity in human gastric mucosa. Digestion. 1985;32(1):57-62. [PubMed ]
18. Hoffmann GF, Meier-Augenstein W, Stockler S, Surtees R, Rating D, Nyhan WL: Physiology and pathophysiology of organic acids in cerebrospinal fluid. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(4):648-69. [PubMed ]
19. Cater NB, Denke MA: Behenic acid is a cholesterol-raising saturated fatty acid in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Jan;73(1):41-4. [PubMed ]
20. Wikipedia

1. Fatty acid synthase
2. Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 precursor
3. Group IIF secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
4. Cytosolic phospholipase A2
5. Phospholipase A2 precursor
6. Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
7. Galactoside-binding soluble lectin 13
8. Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
9. Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
10. 85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
11. Eosinophil lysophospholipase
12. Phospholipase A2, membrane associated precursor
13. Group IID secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
14. Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
15. Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
16. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 precursor
17. Adiponutrin
18. Gastric triacylglycerol lipase precursor
19. Endothelial lipase precursor
20. Bile salt-activated lipase precursor
21. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 precursor
22. Lipoprotein lipase precursor
23. Liver carboxylesterase 1 precursor
24. Carboxylesterase 2 precursor
25. Cholinesterase precursor
26. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma precursor
27. Hormone-sensitive lipase
28. Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
29. Bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
30. Acylphosphatase-2
31. Acylphosphatase-1
32. Aminoacylase-1
33. Aspartoacylase
34. Aspartoacylase-2
35. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4
36. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1
37. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 6
38. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 5
39. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 3
40. Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase
41. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2
42. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8
43. Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 precursor
44. Acid ceramidase precursor
45. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
46. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 6
47. Thioesterase domain containing 1
48. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 3
49. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4
50. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1
51. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4
52. Full-length cDNA clone CS0DM001YM08 of Fetal liver of Homo sapiens
53. Phospholipase B1
54. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2
55. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta
56. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon
57. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta
58. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2-gamma
59. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta
60. Putative neutral ceramidase C
61. Alkaline ceramidase 2
62. Alkaline ceramidase 2
63. Neutral ceramidase
64. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 4
65. Carboxylesterase 7
66. Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 2 (HCG1999928, isoform CRA_a)
67. Alkaline ceramidase 1
68. Neuropathy target esterase
69. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 3
70. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B isoform a variant
71. cDNA FLJ76296, highly similar to Homo sapiens carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (muscle) (CPT1B), transcript variant 1, mRNA
72. Carboxylesterase 3
73. Peroxisome proliferative acitvated receptor gamma
74. CREB3L2-PPARgamma
75. cDNA FLJ57380, highly similar to Adipophilin
76. Adipose differentiation-related protein
77. ADFP protein
78. Peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor gamma
79. cDNA FLJ53798, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
80. Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2 variant
81. cDNA FLJ14598 fis, clone NT2RM4002558, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (EC 6.2.1.-)
82. cDNA FLJ61377, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
83. CPT1B protein
84. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1
85. CPT1B protein
86. cDNA FLJ90350 fis, clone NT2RP2003210, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (EC 6.2.1.-)
87. cDNA FLJ50069, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)

MEEVVIAGMSGKLPESENLQEFWDNLIGGVDMVTDDDRRWKAGLYGLPRRSGKLKDLSRF
DASFFGVHPKQAHTMDPQLRLLLEVTYEAIVDGGINPDSLRGTHTGVWVGVSGSETSEAL
SRDPETLVGYSMVGCQRAMMANRLSFFFDFRGPSIALDTACSSSLMALQNAYQAIHSGQC
PAAIVGGINVLLKPNTSVQFLRLGMLSPEGTCKAFDTAGNGYCRSEGVVAVLLTKKSLAR
RVYATILNAGTNTDGFKEQGVTFPSGDIQEQLIRSLYQSAGVAPESFEYIEAHGTGTKVG
DPQELNGITRALCATRQEPLLIGSTKSNMGHPEPASGLAALAKVLLSLEHGLWAPNLHFH
SPNPEIPALLDGRLQVVDQPLPVRGGNVGINSFGFGGSNVHIILRPNTQPPPAPAPHATL
PRLLRASGRTPEAVQKLLEQGLRHSQDLAFLSMLNDIAAVPATAMPFRGYAVLGGERGGP
EVQQVPAGERPLWFICSGMGTQWRGMGLSLMRLDRFRDSILRSDEAVKPFGLKVSQLLLS
TDESTFDDIVHSFVSLTAIQIGLIDLLSCMGLRPDGIVGHSLGEVACGYADGCLSQEEAV
LAAYWRGQCIKEAHLPPGAMAAVGLSWEECKQRCPPGVVPACHNSKDTVTISGPQAPVFE
FVEQLRKEGVFAKEVRTGGMAFHSYFMEAIAPPLLQELKKVIREPKPRSARWLSTSIPEA
QWHSSLARTSSAEYNVNNLVSPVLFQEALWHVPEHAVVLEIAPHALLQAVLKRGLKPSCT
IIPLMKKDHRDNLEFFLAGIGRLHLSGIDANPNALFPPVEFPAPRGTPLISPLIKWDHSL
AWDVPAAEDFPNGSGSPSAAIYNIDTSSESPDHYLVDHTLDGRVLFPATGYLSIVWKTLA
RALGLGVEQLPVVFEDVVLHQATILPKTGTVSLEVRLLEASRAFEVSENGNLVVSGKVYQ
WDDPDPRLFDHPESPTPNPTEPLFLAQAEVYKELRLRGYDYGPHFQGILEASLEGDSGRL
LWKDNWVSFMDTMLQMSILGSAKHGLYLPTRVTAIHIDPATHRQKLYTLQDKAQVADVVV
SRWLRVTVAGGVHISGLHTESAPRRQQEQQVPILEKFCFTPHTEEGCLSERAALQEELQL
CKGLVQALQTTVTQQGLKMVVPGLDGAQIPRDPSQQELPRLLSAACRLQLNGNLQLELAQ
VLAQERPKLPEDPLLSGLLDSPALKACLDTAVENMPSLKMKVVEVLAGHGHLYSRIPGLL
SPHPLLQLSYTATDRHPQALEAAQAELQQHDVAQGQWDPADPAPSALGSADLLVCNCAVA
ALGDPASALSNMVAALREGGFLLLHTLLRGHPLGDIVAFLTSTEPQYGQGILSQDAWESL
FSRVSLRLVGLKKSFYGSTLFLCRRPTPQDSPIFLPVDDTSFRWVESLKGILADEDSSRP
VWLKAINCATSGVVGLVNCLRREPGGNRLRCVLLSNLSSTSHVPEVDPGSAELQKVLQGD
LVMNVYRDGAWGAFRHFLLEEDKPEEPTAHAFVSTLTRGDLSSIRWVCSSLRHAQPTCPG
AQLCTVYYASLNFRDIMLATGKLSPDAIPGKWTSQDSLLGMEFSGRDASGKRVMGLVPAK
GLATSVLLSPDFLWDVPSNWTLEEAASVPVVYSTAYYALVVRGRVRPGETLLIHSGSGGV
GQAAIAIALSLGCRVFTTVGSAEKRAYLQARFPQLDSTSFANSRDTSFEQHVLWHTGGKG
VDLVLNSLAEEKLQASVRCLATHGRFLEIGKFDLSQNHPLGMAIFLKNVTFHGVLLDAFF
NESSADWREVWALVQAGIRDGVVRPLKCTVFHGAQVEDAFRYMAQGKHIGKVVVQVLAEE
PEAVLKGAKPKLMSAISKTFCPAHKSYIIAGGLGGFGLELAQWLIQRGVQKLVLTSRSGI
RTGYQAKQVRRWRRQGVQVQVSTSNISSLEGARGLIAEAAQLGPVGGVFNLAVVLRDGLL
ENQTPEFFQDVCKPKYSGTLNLDRVTREACPELDYFVVFSSVSCGRGNAGQSNYGFANSA
MERICEKRRHEGLPGLAVQWGAIGDVGILVETMSTNDTIVSGTLPQRMASCLEVLDLFLN
QPHMVLSSFVLAEKAAAYRDRDSQRDLVEAVAHILGIRDLAAVNLDSSLADLGLDSLMSV
EVRQTLERELNLVLSVREVRQLTLRKLQELSSKADEASELACPTPKEDGLAQQQTQLNLR
SLLVNPEGPTLMRLNSVQSSERPLFLVHPIEGSTTVFHSLASRLSIPTYGLQCTRAAPLD
SIHSLAAYYIDCIRQVQPEGPYRVAGYSYGACVAFEMCSQLQAQQSPAPTHNSLFLFDGS
PTYVLAYTQSYRAKLTPGCEAEAETEAICFFVQQFTDMEHNRVLEALLPLKGLEERVAAA
VDLIIKSHQGLDRQELSFAARSFYYKLRAAEQYTPKAKYHGNVMLLRAKTGGAYGEDLGA
DYNLSQVCDGKVSVHVIEGDHRTLLEGSGLESIISIIHSSLAEPRVSVREG

• Fatty Acid Biosynthesis (map00061 )

• (3R)-3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = 2-hexadecenoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O

• Acyl_transf_1 (PF00698 )
• adh_short (PF00106 )
• ADH_zinc_N (PF00107 )
• ketoacyl-synt (PF00109 )
• Ketoacyl-synt_C (PF02801 )
• Methyltransf_12 (PF08242 )
• PP-binding (PF00550 )
• Thioesterase (PF00975 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGGAGGTGGTGATTGCCGGCATGTTCGGGAAGCTGCCAGAGTCGGAGAACTTGCAG
GAGTTCTGGGACAACCTCATCGGCGGTGTGGACATGGTCACGGACGATGACCGTCGCTGG
AAGGCTGGGCTCTACGGCCTGCCCCGGCGGTCCGGCAAGCTGAAGGACCTGTCTAGGTTT
GATGCCTCCTTCTTCGGAGTCCACCCCAAGCAGGCACACACGATGGACCCTCAGCTGCGG
CTGCTGCTGGAAGCTACCTATGAAGCCATCGTGGACGGAGGCATCAACCCAGATTCACTC
CGAGGAACACACACTGGCGTCTGGGTGGGCGTGAGCGGCTCTGAGACCTCGGAGGCCCTG
AGCCGAGACCCCGAGACACTCGTGGGCTACAGCATGGTGGGCTGCCAGCGAGCGATGATG
GCCAACCGGCTCTCCTTCTTCTTCGACTTCAGAGGGCCCAGCATCGCACTGGACACAGCC
TGCTCCTCCAGCCTGATGGCCCTGCAGAACGCCTACCAGGCCATCCACAGCGGGCAGTGC
CCTGCCGCCATCGTGGGGGGCATCAACGTCCTGCTGAAGCCCAACACCTCCGTGCAGTTC
TTGAGGCTGGGGATGCTCAGCCCCGAGGGCACCTGCAAGGCCTTCGACACAGCGGGGAAT
GGGTACTGCCGCTCGGAGGGTGTGGTGGCTGTCCTGCTGACCAAGAAGTCCCTGGCCCGG
AAGGTCTACACCACCATCCTGAACAAAGGCACCAATACAGATGGCTTCAAGGAGCAAGGC
GTGACCTTCCCTCAGGATATCCAGGAGCAGCCTATCCGCTCGTTGTACCAGTCGGCCGGA
GTGGCCCCTGAGTCATTTGAATACATCGAAGCCCACGGACCAGGCACCAAGGTGGGCGAC
CCCCAGGAGCGTAATGGCATCACCCGAGCCCTGTGCGCCACCCGCCAGGAGCCGCTGCTC
ATCGGCTCCACCAAGTCCAACATGGGGCACCCGGAGCCAGCCTCGGGGCTCGACGCCCTG
GCCAAGGTGCTGCTGTCCCTGGAGCACGGGCTCTGGGCCCCCAACCTGCACTTCCATAGC
CCCAACCCTGAGATCCCAGCGCTGTTGGATGGGCGGCTGCAGGTGGTGGACCAGCCCCTG
CCCGTCCGTGGCGGCAACGTGGGCATCAACTCCTTTGGCTTCGGGGGCTCCAACATGCAC
ATCATCCTGAGGCCCAACACGCAGTCCGCCCCCGCACCCGCCCCACATGCCACCCTGCCC
CGTCTGCTGCGGGCCAGCGGACGCACCCCTGAGGCCGTGCAGAAGCTGCTGGAGCAGGGC
CTCCGGCACAGCCAGGGCCTGGCTTTCCTGAGCATGCTGAACGACATCGCGGCTGTCCCC
GCCACCGCCATGCCCTTCCGTGGCTACGCTGTGCTGGGTGGTGAGACGCGGTGGCCCAGA
GTGCAGCAGGTGCCCGCTGGCGAGCGCCCGCTCTGGTTCATCTGCTCTGGGATGGGCACA
CAGTGGCGTGGAATGGGGCTGAGCCTTATGCGCCTGGACCGCTTCCGAGATTCCATCCTA
CGCTCCGATGAGGCTGTGAACCGATTCGGCCTGAAGGTGTCACAGCTGCTGCTGAGCACA
GACGAGAGCACCTTTGATGACATCGTCCATTCGTTTGTGAGCCTGACTGCCATCCAGATA
GGCCTCATAGACCTGCTGAGCTGCATGGGACCTGAGGCAGATGGCATCGTCGGCCACTCC
CTGGGGGAGTGGCTGTCGGTACGCGACGGCTGCCTGTCCCAGGAGGAGGCCGTCCTCGCT
GCCTACTGGAGGGGACAGTGCATCAAAGAAGCCCCACTTCCCGCCGGCGCCATGGCAGCC
GTGGGCTTGTCCTGGGAGGAGTGTAAACAGCGCTGCCCCCCTGCGGTGGTGCCCGCCTGC
CACAACTCCAAGGACACAGTCACCATCTCGGGACCTCAGGCCCCGGTGTTTGAGTTCGTG
GAGCAGCTGAGGAAGGAGGGTGTGTTTGCCAAGGAGGTGCGGACCGGCGGTATGGCCTTC
CACTCCTACTTCATGGAGGCCATCGCACCCCCACTGCTGCAGGAGCTCAAGAAGGTGATC
CGGGAGCCGAAGCCACGTTCAGCCCGCTGGCTCAGCACCTCTATCCCCGAGGCCCAGTGG
CACAGCAGCCTGGCACGCACGTCTTCCGCCGAGTACAATGTCAACAACCTGGTGAGCCCT
GTGCTGTTCCAGGAGGCCCTGTGGCACGTGCCTGAGCACGCGGTGGTGCTGGAGATCGCC
CCGACCCCGTGCCCTCAGGCTGTCCTGAAGCGGGTCCGTAAGCCGAGCTGCACCATCATC
CCCCGTATGAAGAAGGATCACAGGGACAACCTGGAGTTCTTCCTGGCCGGCATCGGCAGG
CTGCACCTCTCAGGCATCGACGCCAACCCCAATGCCTTGTTCCCACCTGTGGAGTCCCCA
GCTCCCCGAGGAACTCCCCTCATCTCCCCACTCATCAAGTGGGACCACAGCCTGGCCTGG
GACGCGCCGGCCGCCGAGGACTTCCCCAACGGTTCAGGTTCCCCCTCAGCCACCATCTAC
ACATGCACACCAAGCTCCGAGTCTCCTGACCGCTACCTGGTGGACCACACCATCGACGGT
CGCGTCCTCTTCCCCGCCACTGGCTACCTGAGCATAGTGTGGAAGACGCTGGCCCGCGCC
TGGGCTGGGCTCGAGCAGCTGCCTGTGGTGTTTGAGGATGTGGTGCAGCACCAGGCCACC
ATCCTGCCCAAGACTGGGACAGTGTCCTTGGAGGTACGGCTCCTGGAGGCCACCGGTGCC
TTCGAGGTGTCAGAGAACGGCAACCTGGTAGTGAGTGGGAAGGTGTACCAGTGGGATGAC
CCTGACCCCAGGCTCTTCGACCACCCGGAAAGTCCCCACCCCAATTCCCCACGGAGTCCC
CTCTTCCTGGCCCAGGCAGAAGTTTACAAGGAGCTGCGTCTGCGTGGCTACGACTACGGC
CCTCATTTCCAGGGCATCCTGGAGGCCAGCCTGGAAGGTGACTCGGGGAGGCTGCTGTGG
AAGGATAACTGGGTGAGCTTCATGGACACCATGCTGCAGATGTCCATCCTGGGCTCGGCC
AAGCACGGCCTGTACCTACCCACCCGTGTCACCGCCATCCACATCGACCCTGCCACCCAC
AGGCAGAAGCTGTACACACTGCAGGACAAGGCCCAAGTGGCTGACGTGGTGGTGAGCAGG
TGGCCGAGGGTCACAGTGGCGGGAGGCGTCCACATCTCCGGGCTCCACACTGAGTCGGCC
CCGCGGCGGCACGAGGAGCAGCAGGTGCCCATCCTGGAGAAGTTTTGCTTCACTCCCCAC
ACGGAGGAGGGGTGCCTGTCTGAGCACGCTGCCCTCGAGGAGGAGCTGCAACTGTGCAAG
GGGCTGGTCGAGGCACTCGAGACCAAGGTGACCCAGCAGGGGCTGAAGATGGTGGTGCCG
GACTGGACGGGGCCCAGATCCCCCCGGGACCCCTCACAGCAGGAACTGCCCCGGCTGTTG
TCGGCTGCCTGCAGGCTTCAGCTCAACGGGAACCTGCAGCTGGAGCTGGCGCAGGTGCTG
GCCCAGGAGAGGCCCAAGCTGCCAGAGGACCCTCTGCTCAGCGGCCTCCTGGACTCCCCG
GCACTCAAGGCCTGCCTGGACACTGCCGTGGAGAACATGCCCAGCCTGAAGATGAAGGTG
GTGGAGGTGCTGGCCGGCCACGGTCACCTGTATTCCCGCATCCCAGGCCTGCTCAGCCCC
CATCCCCTGCTGCAGCTGAGCTACACGGCCACCGACCGCCACCCCCAGGCCCTGGAGGCT
GCCCAGGCCGAGCTGCAGCAGCACGACGTTGCCCAGGGCCAGTGGGATCCCGCAGACCCT
GCCCCCAGCGCCCTGGGCAGCGCGGACCTCCTGGTGTGCAACTGTGCTGTGGCTGCCCTC
GGGGACCCGGCCTCAGCTCTCAGCAACATGGTGGCTGCCCTGAGAGAAGGGGGCTTTCTG
CTCCTGCACACACTGCTCCGGGGGCACCCTCGGGACATCGTGGCCTTCCTCACCTCCACT
GAGCCGCAGTATGGCCAGGGCATCCTGAGCCAGGACGCGTGGGAGAGCCTCTTCTCCAGG
GTGTCGCTGCGCCTGGTGGGCCTGAAGAAGTCCTTCTACGGCGCCACGCTCTTCCTGTGC
CGCCGGCCCACCCCGCAGGACAGCCCCATCTTCCTGCCGGTGGACGATACCAGCTTCCGC
TGGGTGGAGTCTCTGAAGGGCATCCTGGCTGACGAAGACTCTTCCCGGCCTGTGTGGCTG
AAGGCCATCAACTGTGCCACCTCGGGCGTGGTGGGCTTGGTGAACTGTCTCCGCCGAGAG
CCCGGCGGAACCGTCCGGTGTGTGCTGCTCTCCAACCTCAGCAGCACCTCCCACGTCCCG
GAGGTGGACCCGGGCTCCGCAGAACTGCAGAAGGTGTTGCAGGGAGACCTGGTGATGAAC
GTCTACCGCGACGGGGCCTGGGGGGTTTTCCGCCACTTCCTGCTGGAGGACAAGCCTGAG
GAGCCGACGGCACATGCCTTTGTGAGCACCCTCACCCGGGGGGACCTGTCCTCCATCCGC
TGGGTCTGCTCCTCGCTGCGCCATGCCCAGCCCACCTGCCCTGGCGCCCAGCTCTGCACG
GTCTACTACGCCTCCCTCAACTTCCGCGACATCATGCTGGCCACTGGCAAGCTGTCCCCT
GATGCCATCCCAGGGAAGTGGACCTCCCAGGACAGCCTGCTAGGTATGGAGTTCTCGGGC
CGAGACGCCAGCGGCAAGCGTGTGATGGGACTGGTGCCTGCCAAGGGCCTGGCCACCTCT
GTCCTGCTGTCACCGGACTTCCTCTGGGATGTGCCTTCCAACTGGACGCTGGAGGAGGCG
GCCTCGGTGCCTGTCGTCTACAGCACGGCCTACTACGCGCTGGTGGTGCGTGGGCGGGTG
CGCCCCGGGGAGACGCTGCTCATCCACTCGGGCTCGGGCGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCGCCATC
GCCATCGCCCTCAGTCTGGGCTGCCGCGTCTTCACCACCGTGGGGTCGGCTGAGAAGCGG
GCGTACCTCCAGGCCAGGTTCCCCCAGCTCGACAGCACCAGCTTCGCCAACTCCCGGGAC
ACATCCTTCGAGCAGCATGTGCTGTGGCACACGGGCGGGAAGGGCGTTGACCTGGTCTTG
AACTCCTTGGCGGAAGAGAAGCTGCAGGCCAGCGTGAGGTGCTTCGGTACGCACGGTCGC
TTCCTGGAAATTGGCAAATTCGACCTTTCTCAGAACCACCCGCTCGGCATGGCTATCTTC
CTGAAGAACGTGACATTCCACGGGGTCCTACTGGATGCGTTCTTCAACGAGAGCAGTGCT
GACTGGCGGGAGGTGTGGGCGCTTGTCGAGGCCGCCATCCGGGATGGGGTGGTACGGCCC
CTCAAGTGCACGGTGTTCCATGGGGCCCAGGTGGAGGACGCCTTCCGCTACATGGCCCAA
GGGAAGCACATTGGCAAAGTCGTCGTGCAGGTGCTTGCGGAGGAGCCGGCAGTGCTGAAG
GGGGCCAAACCCAAGCTGATGTCGGCCATCTCCAAGACCTTCTGCCCGGCCCACAAGAGC
TACATCATCGCTGGTGGTCTGGGTGGCTTCGGCCTGGAGTTGGCGCAGTGGCTGATACAG
CGTGGGGTGCAGAAGCTCGTGTTGACTTCTCGCTCCGGGATCCGGACAGGCTACCAGGCC
AAGCAGGTCCGCCGGTGGAGGCGCCAGGGGCTACAGGTGCAGGTGTCCACCAGCAACATC
AGCTCACTGGAGGGGGCCCGGGGCCTCATTGCCGAGGCGGCGCAGCTTGGGCCCGTGGGG
GGCGTCTTCAACCTGGCCGTGGTCTTGAGAGATGGCTTGCTGGAGAACCAGACCCCAGAG
TTCTTCCAGGACGTCTGCAAGCCCAAGTACAGCGGCACCCTGAACCTGGACAGGGTGACC
CGAGAGGCGTGCCCTGAGCTGGACTACTTTGTGGTCTTCTCCTCTGTGAGCTGCGGGCGT
GGCAATGCGGGACAGAGCAACTACGGCTTTGCCAATTCCGCCATGGAGCGTATCTGTGAG
AAACGCCGGCACGAAGGCCTCCCAGGCCTGGCCGTGCAGTGGGGCGCCATCGGCACCGTG
GGCATTTTGGTGGAGACGATGAGCACCAACGACACGATCGTCAGTGGCACGCTGCCCACG
CGCATTGGCGTCCTTGGCCTGGAGGTGCTGGACCTCTTCCTGAACCAGCCCCACATGGTC
CTGAGCAGCTTTGTGCTGGCTGAGAAGGCTGCGGCCTATAGGGACAGGGACAGCCAGCGG
GACCTGGTGGAGGCCGTGGCACACATCCTGGGCATCCGCGACTTGGCTGCTGTCAACCTG
GGCGGCTCACTGGCGGACCTGGGCCTGGACTCGCTCATGAGCGCGCCGGTGCGCCAGACG
CTGGAGCGTGAGCTCAACCTGGTGCTGTCCGTGCGCGAGGTGCGGCAACTCACGCTCCGG
AAACTGCAGGAGCTGTCCTCAAAGGCGGATGAAGCCAGCGAGCTGGCATGCCCCACGCCC
AAGGAGGATGGTCTGGCCCAGCAGCAGACTCAGCTGAACCTGCGCTCCCTGCTGGTGAAA
CCGGAGGGCCCCACCCTGATGCGGCTCAACTCCGTGCAGAGCTCGGAGCGGCCCCTGTTC
CTGGTGCACCCAATCGAGGCTACCACCGTGTTCCACAGCCTCGGTCCCGGTCTCAGCATC
CCCACCTATGGCCTGCAGTGCACCCCGGCTGCGCCCCTTGACAGCATCCACAGCCTGGCT
GCCTACTACATCGACTGCATCAGGCAGGTGCAGCCCGAGGGCCCCTACCGCGTGGCCGGC
TACTCCTACGGGGCCTGCGTGGCCTTTGAAATGTGCTCCCAGCTGCAGGCCCAGCAGAGC
CCAGCCCCCACCCACAACAGCCTCTTCCTGTTCGACGGCTCGCCCACCTACGTACTGGCC
TACACCCAGAGCTACCGGGCAAAGCTGACCCCAGGCTGTAAGGCTGAGGCTGAGACGGAG
GCCATATGCTTCTTCGTGCAGCAGTTCACGGACATGGAGCACAACAGGGTGCTGGAGGCG
CTGCTGCCGCTGAAGGGCCTAGAGGAGCGTGTGGCAGCCGCCGTGGACCTGATCATCAAG
AGCCACCAGGGCCTGGACCGCCAGGAGCTGAGCTTTGCGGCCCGGTCCTTCTACTACAGG
CTGCGTGCCGCTGACCAGTATACACCCAAGGCCAAGTACAGTGGCAACGTGATGCTACTG
CGGGCCAAGACGGGTGGCCGCTACGGCGAGGACCTGGGCGCGGACTACAACCTCTCCCAG
GTATGCGACGGGAAAGTATCCGTCCATATCATCGAGGGTGACCACCGCACGCTGCTGGAG
GGCAGCGGCCTGGAGTCCATCATCAGCATCATCCACAGCTCCCTGGCTGAGCCACGTGTG
AGTCGGGAGGGCTAG

1. Jayakumar A, Tai MH, Huang WY, al-Feel W, Hsu M, Abu-Elheiga L, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ: Human fatty acid synthase: properties and molecular cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Sep 12;92(19):8695-9. [PubMed ]
2. Kuhajda FP, Jenner K, Wood FD, Hennigar RA, Jacobs LB, Dick JD, Pasternack GR: Fatty acid synthesis: a potential selective target for antineoplastic therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 5;91(14):6379-83. [PubMed ]
3. Semenkovich CF, Coleman T, Fiedorek FT Jr: Human fatty acid synthase mRNA: tissue distribution, genetic mapping, and kinetics of decay after glucose deprivation. J Lipid Res. 1995 Jul;36(7):1507-21. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
2. PLA2-10
3. Group V phospholipase A2

MKGLLPLAWFLACSVPAVQGGLLDLKSMIEKVTGKNALTNYGFYGCYCGWGGRGTPKDGT
DWCCWAHDHCYGRLEEKGCNIRTQSYKYRFAWGVVTCEPGPFCHVNLCACDRKLVYCLKR
NLRSYNPQYQYFPNILCS

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

ATGAAAGGCCTCCTCCCACTGGCTTGGTTCCTGGCTTGTAGTGTGCCTGCTGTGCAAGGA
GGCTTGCTGGACCTAAAATCAATGATCGAGAAGGTGACAGGGAAGAACGCCCTGACAAAC
TACGGCTTCTACGGCTGTTACTGCGGCTGGGGCGGCCGAGGAACCCCCAAGGATGGCACC
GATTGGTGCTGTTGGGCGCATGACCACTGCTATGGGCGGCTGGAGGAGAAGGGCTGCAAC
ATTCGCACACAGTCCTACAAATACAGATTCGCGTGGGGCGTGGTCACCTGCGAGCCCGGG
CCCTTCTGCCATGTGAACCTCTGTGCCTGTGACCGGAAGCTCGTCTACTGCCTCAAGAGA
AACCTACGGAGCTACAACCCACAGTACCAATACTTTCCCAACATCCTCTGCTCCTAG

1. Chen J, Engle SJ, Seilhamer JJ, Tischfield JA: Cloning and recombinant expression of a novel human low molecular weight Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 28;269(4):2365-8. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIIF
2. GIIF sPLA2
3. sPLA(2-IIF

MKKFFTVAILAGSVLSTAHGSLLNLKAMVEAVTGRSAILSFVGYGCYCGLGGRGQPKDEV
DWCCHAHDCCYQELFDQGCHPYVDHYDHTIENNTEIVCSDLNKTECDKQTCMCDKNMVLC
LMNQTYREEYRGFLNVYCQGPTPNCSIYEPPPEEVTCSHQSPAPPAPP

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

ATGAAGAAGTTCTTCACCGTGGCCATCCTTGCTGGCAGCGTTCTGTCCACAGCTCACGGC
AGCCTGCTCAACCTGAAGGCCATGGTGGAGGCCGTCACAGGGAGGAGCGCCATCCTGTCC
TTCGTGGGCTACGGTTGCTACTGTGGGCTGGGGGGCCGTGGCCAGCCCAAGGATGAGGTG
GACTGGTGCTGCCACGCCCACGACTGCTGCTACCAGGAACTCTTTGACCAAGGCTGTCAC
CCCTATGTGGACCACTATGATCACACCATCGAGAACAACACTGAGATAGTCTGCAGTGAC
CTCAACAAGACAGAGTGTGACAAGCAGACATGCATGTGTGACAAGAACATGGTTCTGTGC
CTCATGAACCAGACGTACCGAGAGGAGTACCGTGGCTTCCTCAATGTCTACTGCCAGGGC
CCCACGCCCAACTGCAGCATCTATGAACCGCCCCCTGAGGAGGTCACCTGCAGTCACCAA
TCCCCAGCGCCCCCCGCCCCTCCCTAG

1. Valentin E, Singer AG, Ghomashchi F, Lazdunski M, Gelb MH, Lambeau G: Cloning and recombinant expression of human group IIF-secreted phospholipase A(2). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Dec 9;279(1):223-8. [PubMed ]

1. cPLA2
2. Phospholipase A2 group IVA[Includes: Phospholipase A2
3. Phosphatidylcholine 2- acylhydrolase
4. Lysophospholipase

MSFIDPYQHIIVEHQYSHKFTVVVLRATKVTKGAFGDMLDTPDPYVELFISTTPDSRKRT
RHFNNDINPVWNETFEFILDPNQENVLEITLMDANYVMDETLGTATFTVSSMKVGEKKEV
PFIFNQVTEMVLEMSLEVCSCPDLRFSMALCDQEKTFRQQRKEHIRESMKKLLGPKNSEG
LHSARDVPVVAILGSGGGFRAMVGFSGVMKALYESGILDCATYVAGLSGSTWYMSTLYSH
PDFPEKGPEEINEELMKNVSHNPLLLLTPQKVKRYVESLWKKKSSGQPVTFTDIFGMLIG
ETLIHNRMNTTLSSLKEKVNTAQCPLPLFTCLHVKPDVSELMFADWVEFSPYEIGMAKYG
TFMAPDLFGSKFFMGTVVKKYEENPLHFLMGVWGSAFSILFNRVLGVSGSQSRGSTMEEE
LENITTKHIVSNDSSDSDDESHEPKGTENEDAGSDYQSDNQASWIHRMIMALVSDSALFN
TREGRAGKVHNFMLGLNLNTSYPLSPLSDFATQDSFDDDELDAAVADPDEFERIYEPLDV
KSKKIHVVDSGLTFNLPYPLILRPQRGVDLIISFDFSARPSDSSPPFKELLLAEKWAKMN
KLPFPKIDPYVFDREGLKECYVFKPKNPDMEKDCPTIIHFVLANINFRKYKAPGVPRETE
EEKEIADFDIFDDPESPFSTFNFQYPNQAFKRLHDLMHFNTLNNIDVIKEAMVESIEYRR
QNPSRCSVSLSNVEARRFFNKEFLSKPKA

• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• C2 (PF00168 )
• PLA2_B (PF01735 )

• None

• None

ATGTCATTTATAGATCCTTACCAGCACATTATAGTGGAGCACCAGTATTCCCACAAGTTT
ACGGTAGTGGTGTTACGTGCCACCAAAGTGACAAAGGGGGCCTTTGGTGACATGCTTGAT
ACTCCAGATCCCTATGTGGAACTTTTTATCTCTACAACCCCTGACAGCAGGAAGAGAACA
AGACATTTCAATAATGACATAAACCCTGTGTGGAATGAGACCTTTGAATTTATTTTGGAT
CCTAATCAGGAAAATGTTTTGGAGATTACGTTAATGGATGCCAATTATGTCATGGATGAA
ACTCTAGGGACAGCAACATTTACTGTATCTTCTATGAAGGTGGGAGAAAAGAAAGAAGTT
CCTTTTATTTTCAACCAAGTCACTGAAATGGTTCTAGAAATGTCTCTTGAAGTTTGCTCA
TGCCCAGACCTACGATTTAGTATGGCTCTGTGTGATCAGGAGAAGACTTTCAGACAACAG
AGAAAAGAACACATAAGGGAGAGCATGAAGAAACTCTTGGGTCCAAAGAATAGTGAAGGA
TTGCATTCTGCACGTGATGTGCCTGTGGTAGCCATATTGGGTTCAGGTGGGGGTTTCCGA
GCCATGGTGGGATTCTCTGGTGTGATGAAGGCATTATACGAATCAGGAATTCTGGATTGT
GCTACCTACGTTGCTGGTCTTTCTGGCTCCACCTGGTATATGTCAACCTTGTATTCTCAC
CCTGATTTTCCAGAGAAAGGGCCAGAGGAGATTAATGAAGAACTAATGAAAAATGTTAGC
CACAATCCCCTTTTACTTCTCACACCACAGAAAGTTAAAAGATATGTTGAGTCTTTATGG
AAGAAGAAAAGCTCTGGACAACCTGTCACCTTTACTGATATCTTTGGGATGTTAATAGGA
GAAACACTAATTCATAATAGAATGAATACTACTCTGAGCAGTTTGAAGGAAAAAGTTAAT
ACTGCACAATGCCCTTTACCTCTTTTCACCTGTCTTCATGTCAAACCTGACGTTTCAGAG
CTGATGTTTGCAGATTGGGTTGAATTTAGTCCATACGAAATTGGCATGGCTAAATATGGT
ACTTTTATGGCTCCCGACTTATTTGGAAGCAAATTTTTTATGGGAACAGTCGTTAAGAAG
TATGAAGAAAACCCCTTGCATTTCTTAATGGGTGTCTGGGGCAGTGCCTTTTCCATATTG
TTCAACAGAGTTTTGGGCGTTTCTGGTTCACAAAGCAGAGGCTCCACAATGGAGGAAGAA
TTAGAAAATATTACCACAAAGCATATTGTGAGTAATGATAGCTCGGACAGTGATGATGAA
TCACACGAACCCAAAGGCACTGAAAATGAAGATGCTGGAAGTGACTATCAAAGTGATAAT
CAAGCAAGTTGGATTCATCGTATGATAATGGCCTTGGTGAGTGATTCAGCTTTATTCAAT
ACCAGAGAAGGACGTGCTGGGAAGGTACACAACTTCATGCTGGGCTTGAATCTCAATACA
TCTTATCCACTGTCTCCTTTGAGTGACTTTGCCACACAGGACTCCTTTGATGATGATGAA
CTGGATGCAGCTGTAGCAGATCCTGATGAATTTGAGCGAATATATGAGCCTCTGGATGTC
AAAAGTAAAAAGATTCATGTAGTGGACAGTGGGCTCACATTTAACCTGCCGTATCCCTTG
ATACTGAGACCTCAGAGAGGGGTTGATCTCATAATCTCCTTTGACTTTTCTGCAAGGCCA
AGTGACTCTAGTCCTCCGTTCAAGGAACTTCTACTTGCAGAAAAGTGGGCTAAAATGAAC
AAGCTCCCCTTTCCAAAGATTGATCCTTATGTGTTTGATCGGGAAGGGCTGAAGGAGTGC
TATGTCTTTAAACCCAAGAATCCTGATATGGAGAAAGATTGCCCAACCATCATCCACTTT
GTTCTGGCCAACATCAACTTCAGAAAGTACAAGGCTCCAGGTGTTCCAAGGGAAACTGAG
GAAGAGAAAGAAATCGCTGACTTTGATATTTTTGATGACCCAGAATCACCATTTTCAACC
TTCAATTTTCAATATCCAAATCAAGCATTCAAAAGACTACATGATCTTATGCACTTCAAT
ACTCTGAACAACATTGATGTGATAAAAGAAGCCATGGTTGAAAGCATTGAATATAGAAGA
CAGAATCCATCTCGTTGCTCTGTTTCCCTTAGTAATGTTGAGGCAAGAAGATTTTTCAAC
AAGGAGTTTCTAAGTAAACCCAAAGCATAG

1. Clark JD, Lin LL, Kriz RW, Ramesha CS, Sultzman LA, Lin AY, Milona N, Knopf JL: A novel arachidonic acid-selective cytosolic PLA2 contains a Ca(2+)-dependent translocation domain with homology to PKC and GAP. Cell. 1991 Jun 14;65(6):1043-51. [PubMed ]
2. Sharp JD, White DL, Chiou XG, Goodson T, Gamboa GC, McClure D, Burgett S, Hoskins J, Skatrud PL, Sportsman JR, et al.: Molecular cloning and expression of human Ca(2+)-sensitive cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 15;266(23):14850-3. [PubMed ]
3. Lin LL, Wartmann M, Lin AY, Knopf JL, Seth A, Davis RJ: cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase. Cell. 1993 Jan 29;72(2):269-78. [PubMed ]
4. Sheridan AM, Force T, Yoon HJ, O'Leary E, Choukroun G, Taheri MR, Bonventre JV: PLIP, a novel splice variant of Tip60, interacts with group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2), induces apoptosis, and potentiates prostaglandin production. Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Jul;21(14):4470-81. [PubMed ]
5. Perisic O, Fong S, Lynch DE, Bycroft M, Williams RL: Crystal structure of a calcium-phospholipid binding domain from cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1596-604. [PubMed ]
6. Xu GY, McDonagh T, Yu HA, Nalefski EA, Clark JD, Cumming DA: Solution structure and membrane interactions of the C2 domain of cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Mol Biol. 1998 Jul 17;280(3):485-500. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphatidylcholine 2- acylhydrolase
2. Group IB phospholipase A2

MKLLVLAVLLTVAAADSGISPRAVWQFRKMIKCVIPGSDPFLEYNNYGCYCGLGGSGTPV
DELDKCCQTHDNCYDQAKKLDSCKFLLDNPYTHTYSYSCSGSAITCSSKNKECEAFICNC
DRNAAICFSKAPYNKAHKNLDTKKYCQS

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-15

ATGAAACTCCTTGTGCTAGCTGTGCTGCTCACAGTGGCCGCCGCCGACAGCGGCATCAGC
CCTCGGGCCGTGTGGCAGTTCCGCAAAATGATCAAGTGCGTGATCCCGGGGAGTGACCCC
TTCTTGGAATACAACAACTACGGCTGCTACTGTGGCTTGGGGGGCTCAGGCACCCCCGTG
GATGAACTGGACAAGTGCTGCCAGACACATGACAACTGCTACGACCAGGCCAAGAAGCTG
GACAGCTGTAAATTTCTGCTGGACAACCCGTACACCCACACCTATTCATACTCGTGCTCT
GGCTCGGCAATCACCTGTAGCAGCAAAAACAAAGAGTGTGAGGCCTTCATTTGCAACTGC
GACCGCAACGCTGCCATCTGCTTTTCAAAAGCTCCATATAACAAGGCACACAAGAACCTG
GACACCAAGAAGTATTGTCAGAGTTGA

1. Seilhamer JJ, Randall TL, Yamanaka M, Johnson LK: Pancreatic phospholipase A2: isolation of the human gene and cDNAs from porcine pancreas and human lung. DNA. 1986 Dec;5(6):519-27. [PubMed ]
2. Grataroli R, Dijkman R, Dutilh CE, van der Ouderaa F, De Haas GH, Figarella C: Studies on prophospholipase A2 and its enzyme from human pancreatic juice. Catalytic properties and sequence of the N-terminal region. Eur J Biochem. 1982 Feb;122(1):111-7. [PubMed ]
3. Verheij HM, Westerman J, Sternby B, De Haas GH: The complete primary structure of phospholipase A2 from human pancreas. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Sep 14;747(1-2):93-9. [PubMed ]

1. Group X secretory phospholipase A2
2. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GX
3. GX sPLA2
4. sPLA2-X

MLLLLLPSLLLLLLLPGPGSGEASRILRVHRRGILELAGTVGCVGPRTPIAYMKYGCFCG
LGGHGQPRDAIDWCCHGHDCCYTRAEEAGCSPKTERYSWQCVNQSVLCGPAENKCQELLC
KCDQEIANCLAQTEYNLKYLFYPQFLCEPDSPKCD

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-21

ATGGGGCCGCTACCTGTGTGCCTGCCAATCATGCTGCTCCTGCTACTGCCGTCGCTGCTG
CTGCTGCTGCTTCTACCTGGCCCCGGGTCCGGCGAGGCCTCCAGGATATTACGTGTGCAC
CGGCGTGGGATCCTGGAACTGGCAGGAACTGTGGGTTGTGTTGGTCCCCGAACCCCCATC
GCCTATATGAAATATGGTTGCTTTTGTGGCTTGGGAGGCCATGGCCAGCCCCGCGATGCC
ATTGACTGGTGCTGCCATGGCCACGACTGTTGTTACACTCGAGCTGAGGAGGCCGGCTGC
AGCCCCAAGACAGAGCGCTACTCCTGGCAGTGCGTCAATCAGAGCGTCCTGTGCGGACCG
GCAGAGAACAAATGCCAAGAACTGTTGTGCAAGTGTGACCAGGAGATTGCTAACTGCTTA
GCCCAAACTGAGTACAACTTAAAGTACCTCTTCTACCCCCAGTTCCTATGTGAGCCGGAC
TCGCCCAAGTGTGACTGA

1. Cupillard L, Koumanov K, Mattei MG, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Cloning, chromosomal mapping, and expression of a novel human secretory phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 20;272(25):15745-52. [PubMed ]

1. Placental tissue protein 13
2. Placenta protein 13
3. PP13
4. Galectin-13

MSSLPVPYKLPVSLSVGSCVIIKGTPIHSFINDPQLQVDFYTDMDEDSDIAFRFRVHFGN
HVVMNRREFGIWMLEETTDYVPFEDGKQFELCIYVHYNEYEIKVNGIRIYGFVHRIPPSF
VKMVQVSRDISLTSVCVCN

• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Gal-bind_lectin (PF00337 )

• None

• None

ATGTCTTCTTTACCCGTGCCATACAAACTGCCTGTGTCTTTGTCTGTTGGTTCCTGCGTG
ATAATCAAAGGGACACCAATCCACTCTTTTATCAATGACCCACAGCTGCAGGTGGATTTC
TACACTGACATGGATGAGGATTCAGATATTGCCTTCCGTTTCCGAGTGCACTTTGGCAAT
CATGTGGTCATGAACAGGCGTGAGTTTGGGATATGGATGTTGGAGGAGACAACAGACTAC
GTGCCCTTTGAGGATGGCAAACAATTTGAGCTGTGCATCTACGTACATTACAATGAGTAT
GAGATAAAGGTCAATGGCATACGCATTTACGGCTTTGTCCATCGAATCCCGCCATCATTT
GTGAAGATGGTGCAAGTGTCGAGAGATATCTCCCTGACCTCAGTGTGTGTCTGCAATTGA

1. Than NG, Sumegi B, Than GN, Berente Z, Bohn H: Isolation and sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding human placental tissue protein 13 (PP13), a new lysophospholipase, homologue of human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden Crystal protein. Placenta. 1999 Nov;20(8):703-10. [PubMed ]
2. Bohn H, Kraus W, Winckler W: Purification and characterization of two new soluble placental tissue proteins (PP13 and PP17). Oncodev Biol Med. 1983;4(5):343-50. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIIE
2. GIIE sPLA2
3. sPLA(2-IIE

MKSPHVLVFLCLLVALVTGNLVQFGVMIEKMTGKSALQYNDYGCYCGIGGSHWPVDQTDW
CCHAHDCCYGRLEKLGCEPKLEKYLFSVSERGIFCAGRTTCQRLTCECDKRAALCFRRNL
GTYNRKYAHYPNKLCTGPTPPC

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-19

ATGAAATCTCCCCACGTGCTGGTGTTCCTTTGCCTCCTGGTGGCTCTGGTCACCGGGAAC
CTGGTTCAGTTTGGGGTGATGATCGAGAAGATGACAGGCAAGTCCGCCCTGCAGTACAAC
GACTATGGCTGTTACTGCGGCATCGGTGGCTCCCACTGGCCGGTGGACCAGACTGACTGG
TGCTGCCACGCCCACGACTGCTGCTACGGGCGTCTGGAGAAGCTGGGCTGTGAGCCCAAA
CTGGAAAAGTATCTTTTCTCTGTCAGCGAACGTGGCATTTTCTGCGCCGGCAGGACCACC
TGCCAGCGGCTGACCTGCGAGTGTGACAAGAGGGCTGCCCTCTGCTTTCGCCGCAACCTG
GGCACCTACAACCGCAAATATGCCCATTATCCCAACAAGCTGTGCACCGGGCCCACCCCG
CCCTGCTGA

1. Suzuki N, Ishizaki J, Yokota Y, Higashino K, Ono T, Ikeda M, Fujii N, Kawamoto K, Hanasaki K: Structures, enzymatic properties, and expression of novel human and mouse secretory phospholipase A(2)s. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5785-93. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GXII
2. GXII sPLA2

MALLSRPALTLLLLLMAAVVRCQEQAQTTDWRATLKTIRNGVHKIDTYLNAALDLLGGED
GLCQYKCSDGSKPFPRYGYKPSPPNGCGSPLFGVHLNIGIPSLTKCCNQHDRCYETCGKS
KNDCDEEFQYCLSKICRDVQKTLGLTQHVQACETTVELLFDSVIHLGCKPYLDSQRAACR
CHYEEKTDL

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• PLA2G12 (PF06951 )

• 1-22

ATGGCCCTGCTCTCGCGCCCCGCGCTCACCCTCCTGCTCCTCCTCATGGCCGCTGTTGTC
AGGTGCCAGGAGCAGGCCCAGACCACCGACTGGAGAGCCACCCTGAAGACCATCCGGAAC
GGCGTTCATAAGATAGACACGTACCTGAACGCCGCCTTGGACCTCCTGGGAGGCGAGGAC
GGTCTCTGCCAGTATAAATGCAGTGACGGATCTAAGCCTTTCCCACGTTATGGTTATAAA
CCCTCCCCACCGAATGGATGTGGCTCTCCACTGTTTGGTGTTCATCTTAACATTGGTATC
CCTTCCCTGACAAAGTGTTGCAACCAACACGACAGGTGCTATGAGACCTGTGGCAAAAGC
AAGAATGACTGTGATGAAGAATTCCAGTATTGCCTCTCCAAGATCTGCCGAGATGTACAG
AAAACACTAGGACTAACTCAGCATGTTCAGGCATGTGAAACAACAGTGGAGCTCTTGTTT
GACAGTGTTATACATTTAGGTTGTAAACCATATCTGGACAGCCAACGAGCCGCATGCAGG
TGTCATTATGAAGAAAAAACTGATCTTTAA

1. Gelb MH, Valentin E, Ghomashchi F, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Cloning and recombinant expression of a structurally novel human secreted phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 2000 Dec 22;275(51):39823-6. [PubMed ]
2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]

1. iPLA2
2. CaI- PLA2
3. Group VI phospholipase A2
4. GVI PLA2

MQFFGRLVNTFSGVTNLFSNPFRVKEVAVADYTSSDRVREEGQLILFQNTPNRTWDCVLV
NPRNSQSGFRLFQLELEADALVNFHQYSSQLLPFYESSPQVLHTEVLQHLTDLIRNHPSW
SVAHLAVELGIRECFHHSRIISCANCAENEEGCTPLHLACRKGDGEILVELVQYCHTQMD
VTDYKGETVFHYAVQGDNSQVLQLLGRNAVAGLNQVNNQGLTPLHLACQLGKQEMVRVLL
LCNARCNIMGPNGYPIHSAMKFSQKGCAEMIISMDSSQIHSKDPRYGASPLHWAKNAEMA
RMLLKRGCNVNSTSSAGNTALHVAVMRNRFDCAIVLLTHGANADARGEHGNTPLHLAMSK
DNVEMIKALIVFGAEVDTPNDFGETPTFLASKIGRLVTRKAILTLLRTVGAEYCFPPIHG
VPAEQGSAAPHHPFSLERAQPPPISLNNLELQDLMHISRARKPAFILGSMRDEKRTHDHL
LCLDGGGVKGLIIIQLLIAIEKASGVATKDLFDWVAGTSTGGILALAILHSKSMAYMRGM
YFRMKDEVFRGSRPYESGPLEEFLKREFGEHTKMTDVRKPKVMLTGTLSDRQPAELHLFR
NYDAPETVREPRFNQNVNLRPPAQPSDQLVWRAARSSGAAPTYFRPNGRFLDGGLLANNP
TLDAMTEIHEYNQDLIRKGQANKVKKLSIVVSLGTGRSPQVPVTCVDVFRPSNPWELAKT
VFGAKELGKMVVDCCTDPDGRAVDRARAWCEMVGIQYFRLNPQLGTDIMLDEVSDTVLVN
ALWETEVYIYEHREEFQKLIQLLLSP

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Ank (PF00023 )

• None

• None

ATGCAGTTCTTTGGCCGCCTGGTCAATACCTTCAGTGGCGTCACCAACTTGTTCTCTAAC
CCATTCCGGGTGAAGGAGGTGGCTGTGGCCGACTACACCTCGAGTGACCGAGTTCGGGAG
GAAGGGCAGCTGATTCTGTTCCAGAACACTCCCAACCGCACCTGGGACTGCGTCCTGGTC
AACCCCAGGAACTCACAGAGTGGATTCCGACTCTTCCAGCTGGAGTTGGAGGCTGACGCC
CTAGTGAATTTCCATCAGTATTCTTCCCAGCTGCTACCCTTCTATGAGAGCTCCCCTCAG
GTCCTGCACACTGAGGTCCTGCAGCACCTGACCGACCTCATCCGTAACCACCCCAGCTGG
TCAGTGGCCCACCTGGCTGTGGAGCTAGGGATCCGCGAGTGCTTCCATCACAGCCGTATC
ATCAGCTGTGCCAATTGCGCGGAGAACGAGGAGGGCTGCACACCCCTGCACCTGGCCTGC
CGCAAGGGTGATGGGGAGATCCTGGTGGAGCTGGTGCAGTACTGCCACACTCAGATGGAT
GTCACCGACTACAAGGGAGAGACCGTCTTCCATTATGCTGTCCAGGGTGACAATTCTCAG
GTGCTGCAGCTCCTTGGAAGGAACGCAGTGGCTGGCCTGAACCAGGTGAATAACCAAGGG
CTGACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCTGCCAGCTGGGGAAGCAGGAGATGGTCCGCGTGCTGCTG
CTGTGCAATGCTCGGTGCAACATCATGGGCCCCAACGGCTACCCCATCCACTCGGCCATG
AAGTTCTCTCAGAAGGGGTGTGCGGAGATGATCATCAGCATGGACAGCAGCCAGATCCAC
AGCAAAGACCCCCGTTACGGAGCCAGCCCCCTCCACTGGGCCAAGAACGCAGAGATGGCC
CGCATGCTGCTGAAACGGGGCTGCAACGTGAACAGCACCAGCTCCGCGGGGAACACGGCC
CTGCACGTGGCGGTGATGCGCAACCGCTTCGACTGTGCCATAGTGCTGCTGACCCACGGG
GCCAACGCGGATGCCCGCGGAGAGCACGGCAACACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCATGTCGAAA
GACAACGTGGAGATGATCAAGGCCCTCATCGTGTTCGGAGCAGAAGTGGACACCCCGAAT
GACTTTGGGGAGACTCCTACATTCCTAGCCTCCAAAATCGGCAGACTTGTCACCAGGAAG
GCGATCTTGACTCTGCTGAGAACCGTGGGGGCCGAATACTGCTTCCCACCCATCCACGGG
GTCCCCGCGGAGCAGGGCTCTGCAGCGCCACATCATCCCTTCTCCCTGGAAAGAGCTCAG
CCCCCACCGATCAGCCTAAACAACCTAGAACTACAGGATCTCATGCACATCTCACGGGCC
CGGAAGCCAGCGTTCATCCTGGGCTCCATGAGGGACGAGAAGCGGACCCACGACCACCTG
CTGTGCCTGGATGGAGGAGGAGTGAAAGGCCTCATCATCATCCAGCTCCTCATCGCCATC
GAGAAGGCCTCGGGTGTGGCCACCAAGGACCTGTTTGACTGGGTGGCGGGCACCAGCACT
GGAGGCATCCTGGCCCTGGCCATTCTGCACAGTAAGTCCATGGCCTACATGCGCGGCATG
TACTTTCGCATGAAGGATGAGGTGTTCCGGGGCTCCAGGCCCTACGAGTCGGGGCCCCTG
GAGGAGTTCCTGAAGCGGGAGTTTGGGGAGCACACCAAGATGACGGACGTCAGGAAACCC
AAGGTGATGCTGACAGGGACACTGTCTGACCGGCAGCCGGCTGAACTCCACCTCTTCCGG
AACTACGATGCTCCAGAAACTGTCCGGGAGCCTCGTTTCAACCAGAACGTTAACCTCAGG
CCTCCAGCTCAGCCCTCAGACCAGCTGGTGTGGCGGGCGGCCCGAAGCAGCGGGGCAGCT
CCTACTTACTTCCGACCCAATGGGCGCTTCCTGGACGGTGGGCTGCTGGCCAACAACCCC
ACGCTGGATGCCATGACCGAGATCCATGAGTACAATCAGGACCTGATCCGCAAGGGTCAG
GCCAACAAGGTGAAGAAACTCTCCATCGTTGTCTCCCTGGGGACAGGGAGGTCCCCACAA
GTGCCTGTGACCTGTGTGGATGTCTTCCGTCCCAGCAACCCCTGGGAGCTGGCCAAGACT
GTTTTTGGGGCCAAGGAACTGGGCAAGATGGTGGTGGACTGTTGCACGGATCCAGACGGG
CGGGCTGTGGACCGGGCACGGGCCTGGTGCGAGATGGTCGGCATCCAGTACTTCAGATTG
AACCCCCAGCTGGGGACGGACATCATGCTGGATGAGGTCAGTGACACAGTGCTGGTCAAC
GCCCTCTGGGAGACCGAGGTCTACATCTATGAGCACCGCGAGGAGTTCCAGAAGCTCATC
CACCTGCTGCTCTCACCCTGA

1. Larsson PK, Claesson HE, Kennedy BP: Multiple splice variants of the human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and their effect on enzyme activity. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 2;273(1):207-14. [PubMed ]
2. Ma Z, Wang X, Nowatzke W, Ramanadham S, Turk J: Human pancreatic islets express mRNA species encoding two distinct catalytically active isoforms of group VI phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) that arise from an exon-skipping mechanism of alternative splicing of the transcript from the iPLA2 gene on chromosome 22q13.1. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 2;274(14):9607-16. [PubMed ]
3. Larsson Forsell PK, Kennedy BP, Claesson HE: The human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 gene multiple enzymes with distinct properties from a single gene. Eur J Biochem. 1999 Jun;262(2):575-85. [PubMed ]
4. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]

1. Charcot-Leyden crystal protein
2. Lysolecithin acylhydrolase
3. CLC
4. Galectin-10

MSLLPVPYTEAASLSTGSTVTIKGRPLVCFLNEPYLQVDFHTEMKEESDIVFHFQVCFGR
RVVMNSREYGAWKQQVESKNMPFQDGQEFELSISVLPDKYQVMVNGQSSYTFDHRIKPEA
VKMVQVWRDISLTKFNVSYLKR

• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Gal-bind_lectin (PF00337 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCCTGCTACCCGTGCCATACACAGAGGCTGCCTCTTTGTCTACTGGTTCTACTGTG
ACAATCAAAGGGCGACCACTTGTCTGTTTCTTGAATGAACCATATCTGCAGGTGGATTTC
CACACTGAGATGAAGGAGGAATCAGACATTGTCTTCCATTTCCAAGTGTGCTTTGGTCGT
CGTGTGGTCATGAACAGCCGTGAGTATGGGGCCTGGAAGCAGCAGGTGGAATCCAAGAAC
ATGCCCTTTCAGGATGGCCAAGAATTTGAACTGAGCATCTCAGTGCTGCCAGATAAGTAC
CAGGTAATGGTCAATGGCCAATCCTCTTACACCTTTGACCATAGAATCAAGCCTGAGGCT
GTGAAGATGGTGCAAGTGTGGAGAGATATCTCCCTGACCAAATTTAATGTCAGCTATTTA
AAGAGATAA

1. Ackerman SJ, Corrette SE, Rosenberg HF, Bennett JC, Mastrianni DM, Nicholson-Weller A, Weller PF, Chin DT, Tenen DG: Molecular cloning and characterization of human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (lysophospholipase). Similarities to IgE binding proteins and the S-type animal lectin superfamily. J Immunol. 1993 Jan 15;150(2):456-68. [PubMed ]
2. Mastrianni DM, Eddy RL, Rosenberg HF, Corrette SE, Shows TB, Tenen DG, Ackerman SJ: Localization of the human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (lysophospholipase) gene (CLC) to chromosome 19 and the human ribonuclease 2 (eosinophil-derived neurotoxin) and ribonuclease 3 (eosinophil cationic protein) genes (RNS2 and RNS3) to chromosome 14. Genomics. 1992 May;13(1):240-2. [PubMed ]
3. Dyer KD, Handen JS, Rosenberg HF: The genomic structure of the human Charcot-Leyden crystal protein gene is analogous to those of the galectin genes. Genomics. 1997 Mar 1;40(2):217-21. [PubMed ]
4. Leonidas DD, Elbert BL, Zhou Z, Leffler H, Ackerman SJ, Acharya KR: Crystal structure of human Charcot-Leyden crystal protein, an eosinophil lysophospholipase, identifies it as a new member of the carbohydrate-binding family of galectins. Structure. 1995 Dec 15;3(12):1379-93. [PubMed ]
5. Swaminathan GJ, Leonidas DD, Savage MP, Ackerman SJ, Acharya KR: Selective recognition of mannose by the human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (galectin-10): a crystallographic study at 1.8 A resolution. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 19;38(42):13837-43. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
2. Group IIA phospholipase A2
3. GIIC sPLA2
4. Non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2
5. NPS-PLA2

MKTLLLLAVIMIFGLLQAHGNLVNFHRMIKLTTGKEAALSYGFYGCHCGVGGRGSPKDAT
DRCCVTHDCCYKRLEKRGCGTKFLSYKFSNSGSRITCAKQDSCRSQLCECDKAAATCFAR
NKTTYNKKYQYYSNKHCRGSTPRC

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

ATGAAGACCCTCCTACTGTTGGCAGTGATCATGATCTTTGGCCTACTGCAGGCCCATGGG
AATTTGGTGAATTTCCACAGAATGATCAAGTTGACGACAGGAAAGGAAGCCGCACTCAGT
TATGGCTTCTACGGCTGCCACTGTGGCGTGGGTGGCAGAGGATCCCCCAAGGATGCAACG
GATCGCTGCTGTGTCACTCATGACTGTTGCTACAAACGTCTGGAGAAACGTGGATGTGGC
ACCAAATTTCTGAGCTACAAGTTTAGCAACTCGGGGAGCAGAATCACCTGTGCAAAACAG
GACTCCTGCAGAAGTCAACTGTGTGAGTGTGATAAGGCTGCTGCCACCTGTTTTGCTAGA
AACAAGACGACCTACAATAAAAAGTACCAGTACTATTCCAATAAACACTGCAGAGGGAGC
ACCCCTCGTTGCTGA

1. Seilhamer JJ, Pruzanski W, Vadas P, Plant S, Miller JA, Kloss J, Johnson LK: Cloning and recombinant expression of phospholipase A2 present in rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5335-8. [PubMed ]
2. Kramer RM, Hession C, Johansen B, Hayes G, McGray P, Chow EP, Tizard R, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a human non-pancreatic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5768-75. [PubMed ]
3. Kramer RM, Johansen B, Hession C, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a secretable phospholipase A2 from human platelets. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1990;275:35-53. [PubMed ]
4. Kanda A, Ono T, Yoshida N, Tojo H, Okamoto M: The primary structure of a membrane-associated phospholipase A2 from human spleen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Aug 30;163(1):42-8. [PubMed ]
5. Hara S, Kudo I, Matsuta K, Miyamoto T, Inoue K: Amino acid composition and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of human phospholipase A2 purified from rheumatoid synovial fluid. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1988 Sep;104(3):326-8. [PubMed ]
6. Lai CY, Wada K: Phospholipase A2 from human synovial fluid: purification and structural homology to the placental enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Dec 15;157(2):488-93. [PubMed ]
7. Minami T, Tojo H, Shinomura Y, Matsuzawa Y, Okamoto M: Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from human ileal mucosa. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Oct 13;1170(2):125-30. [PubMed ]
8. Wery JP, Schevitz RW, Clawson DK, Bobbitt JL, Dow ER, Gamboa G, Goodson T Jr, Hermann RB, Kramer RM, McClure DB, et al.: Structure of recombinant human rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid phospholipase A2 at 2.2 A resolution. Nature. 1991 Jul 4;352(6330):79-82. [PubMed ]
9. Scott DL, White SP, Browning JL, Rosa JJ, Gelb MH, Sigler PB: Structures of free and inhibited human secretory phospholipase A2 from inflammatory exudate. Science. 1991 Nov 15;254(5034):1007-10. [PubMed ]
10. Schevitz RW, Bach NJ, Carlson DG, Chirgadze NY, Clawson DK, Dillard RD, Draheim SE, Hartley LW, Jones ND, Mihelich ED, et al.: Structure-based design of the first potent and selective inhibitor of human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2. Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Jun;2(6):458-65. [PubMed ]
11. Kitadokoro K, Hagishita S, Sato T, Ohtani M, Miki K: Crystal structure of human secretory phospholipase A2-IIA complex with the potent indolizine inhibitor 120-1032. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1998 Apr;123(4):619-23. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIID
2. GIID sPLA2
3. PLA2IID
4. sPLA(2-IID
5. Secretory-type PLA, stroma-associated homolog

MELALLCGLVVMAGVIPIQGGILNLNKMVKQVTGKMPILSYWPYGCHCGLGGRGQPKDAT
DWCCQTHDCCYDHLKTQGCSIYKDYYRYNFSQGNIHCSDKGSWCEQQLCACDKEVAFCLK
RNLDTYQKRLRFYWRPHCRGQTPGC

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

ATGGAACTTGCACTGCTGTGTGGGCTGGTGGTGATGGCTGGTGTGATTCCAATCCAGGGC
GGGATCCTGAACCTGAACAAGATGGTCAAGCAAGTGACTGGGAAAATGCCCATCCTCTCC
TACTGGCCCTACGGCTGTCACTGCGGACTAGGTGGCAGAGGCCAACCCAAAGATGCCACG
GACTGGTGCTGCCAGACCCATGACTGCTGCTATGACCACCTGAAGACCCAGGGGTGCGGC
ATCTACAAGGACTATTACAGATACAACTTTTCCCAGGGGAACATCCACTGCTCTGACAAG
GGAAGCTGGTGTGAGCAGCAGCTGTGTGCCTGTGACAAGGAGGTGGCCTTCTGCCTGAAG
CGCAACCTGGACACCTACCAGAAGCGACTGCGTTTCTACTGGCGGCCCCACTGCCGGGGG
CAGACCCCTGGGTGCTAG

1. Ishizaki J, Suzuki N, Higashino K, Yokota Y, Ono T, Kawamoto K, Fujii N, Arita H, Hanasaki K: Cloning and characterization of novel mouse and human secretory phospholipase A(2)s. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 27;274(35):24973-9. [PubMed ]
2. Shakhov AN, Rubtsov AV, Lyakhov IG, Tumanov AV, Nedospasov SA: SPLASH (PLA2IID), a novel member of phospholipase A2 family, is associated with lymphotoxin deficiency. Genes Immun. 2000 Feb;1(3):191-9. [PubMed ]

1. Pancreatic lipase
2. PL

MLPLWTLSLLLGAVAGKEVCYERLGCFSDDSPWSGITERPLHILPWSPKDVNTRFLLYTN
ENPNNFQEVAADSSSISGSNFKTNRKTRFIIHGFIDKGEENWLANVCKNLFKVESVNCIC
VDWKGGSRTGYTQASQNIRIVGAEVAYFVEFLQSAFGYSPSNVHVIGHSLGAHAAGEAGR
RTNGTIGRITGLDPAEPCFQGTPELVRLDPSDAKFVDVIHTDGAPIVPNLGFGMSQVVGH
LDFFPNGGVEMPGCKKNILSQIVDIDGIWEGTRDFAACNHLRSYKYYTDSIVNPDGFAGF
PCASYNVFTANKCFPCPSGGCPQMGHYADRYPGKTNDVGQKFYLDTGDASNFARWRYKVS
VTLSGKKVTGHILVSLFGNKGNSKQYEIFKGTLKPDSTHSNEFDSDVDVGDLQMVKFIWY
NNVINPTLPRVGASKIIVETNVGKQFNFCSPETVREEVLLTLTPC

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-16

ATGCTGCCACTTTGGACTCTTTCACTGCTGCTGGGAGCAGTAGCAGGAAAAGAAGTTTGC
TACGAAAGACTCGGCTGCTTCAGTGATGACTCCCCATGGTCAGGAATTACGGAAAGACCC
CTCCATATATTGCCTTGGTCTCCAAAAGATGTCAACACCCGCTTCCTCCTATATACTAAT
GAGAACCCAAACAACTTTCAAGAAGTTGCCGCAGATTCATCAAGCATCAGTGGCTCCAAT
TTCAAAACAAATAGAAAAACTCGCTTTATTATTCATGGATTCATAGACAAGGGAGAAGAA
AACTGGCTGGCCAATGTGTGCAAGAATCTGTTCAAGGTGGAAAGTGTGAACTGTATCTGT
GTGGACTGGAAAGGTGGCTCCCGAACTGGATACACACAAGCCTCGCAGAACATCAGGATC
GTGGGAGCAGAAGTGGCATATTTTGTTGAATTTCTTCAGTCGGCGTTCGGTTACTCACCT
TCCAACGTGCATGTCATTGGCCACAGCCTGGGTGCCCACGCTGCTGGGGAGGCTGGAAGG
AGAACCAATGGGACCATTGGACGCATCACAGGGTTGGACCCAGCAGAACCTTGCTTTCAG
GGCACACCTGAATTAGTCCGATTGGACCCCAGCGATGCCAAATTTGTGGATGTAATTCAC
ACGGATGGTGCCCCCATAGTCCCCAATTTGGGGTTTGGAATGAGCCAAGTCGTGGGCCAC
CTAGATTTCTTTCCAAATGGAGGAGTGGAAATGCCTGGATGTAAAAAGAACATTCTCTCT
CAGATTGTGGACATAGACGGAATCTGGGAAGGGACTCGAGACTTTGCGGCCTGTAATCAC
TTAAGAAGCTACAAATATTACACTGATAGCATCGTCAACCCTGATGGCTTTGCTGGATTC
CCCTGTGCCTCTTACAACGTCTTCACTGCAAACAAGTGTTTCCCTTGTCCAAGTGGAGGC
TGCCCACAGATGGGTCACTATGCTGATAGATATCCTGGGAAAACAAATGATGTGGGCCAG
AAATTTTATCTAGACACTGGTGATGCCAGTAATTTTGCACGTTGGAGGTATAAGGTATCT
GTCACACTGTCTGGAAAAAAGGTTACAGGACACATACTAGTTTCTTTGTTCGGAAATAAA
GGAAACTCTAAGCAGTATGAAATTTTCAAGGGCACTCTCAAACCAGATAGTACTCATTCC
AATGAATTTGACTCAGATGTGGATGTTGGGGACTTGCAGATGGTTAAATTTATTTGGTAT
AACAATGTGATCAACCCAACTTTACCTAGAGTGGGAGCATCCAAGATTATAGTGGAGACA
AATGTTGGAAAACAGTTCAACTTCTGTAGTCCAGAAACCGTCAGGGAGGAAGTTCTGCTC
ACCCTCACACCGTGTTAG

1. Lowe ME, Rosenblum JL, Strauss AW: Cloning and characterization of human pancreatic lipase cDNA. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 25;264(33):20042-8. [PubMed ]
2. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed ]
3. Sims HF, Jennens ML, Lowe ME: The human pancreatic lipase-encoding gene: structure and conservation of an Alu sequence in the lipase gene family. Gene. 1993 Sep 15;131(2):281-5. [PubMed ]
4. Winkler FK, D'Arcy A, Hunziker W: Structure of human pancreatic lipase. Nature. 1990 Feb 22;343(6260):771-4. [PubMed ]
5. van Tilbeurgh H, Sarda L, Verger R, Cambillau C: Structure of the pancreatic lipase-procolipase complex. Nature. 1992 Sep 10;359(6391):159-62. [PubMed ]
6. van Tilbeurgh H, Egloff MP, Martinez C, Rugani N, Verger R, Cambillau C: Interfacial activation of the lipase-procolipase complex by mixed micelles revealed by X-ray crystallography. Nature. 1993 Apr 29;362(6423):814-20. [PubMed ]
7. Carriere F, Thirstrup K, Boel E, Verger R, Thim L: Structure-function relationships in naturally occurring mutants of pancreatic lipase. Protein Eng. 1994 Apr;7(4):563-9. [PubMed ]

1. Hepatic lipase
2. HL
3. Lipase member C

MDTSPLCFSILLVLCIFIQSSALGQSLKPEPFGRRAQAVETNKTLHEMKTRFLLFGETNQ
GCQIRINHPDTLQECGFNSSLPLVMIIHGWSVDGVLENWIWQMVAALKSQPAQPVNVGLV
DWITLAHDHYTIAVRNTRLVGKEVAALLRWLEESVQLSRSHVHLIGYSLGAHVSGFAGSS
IGGTHKIGRITGLDAAGPLFEGSAPSNRLSPDDANFVDAIHTFTREHMGLSVGIKQPIGH
YDFYPNGGSFQPGCHFLELYRHIAQHGFNAITQTIKCSHERSVHLFIDSLLHAGTQSMAY
PCGDMNSFSQGLCLSCKKGRCNTLGYHVRQEPRSKSKRLFLVTRAQSPFKVYHYQLKIQF
INQTETPIQTTFTMSLLGTKEKMQKIPITLGKGIASNKTYSFLITLDVDIGELIMIKFKW
ENSAVWANVWDTVQTIIPWSTGPRHSGLVLKTIRVKAGETQQRMTFCSENTDDLLLRPTQ
EKIFVKCEIKSKTSKRKIR

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-22

ATGGACACAAGTCCCCTGTGTTTCTCCATTCTGTTGGTTTTATGCATCTTTATCCAATCA
AGTGCCCTTGGACAAAGCCTGAAACCAGAGCCATTTGGAAGAAGAGCTCAAGCTGTTGAA
ACAAACAAAACGCTGCATGAGATGAAGACCAGATTCCTGCTCTTTGGAGAAACCAATCAG
GGCTGTCAGATTCGAATCAATCATCCGGACACGTTACAGGAGTGCGGCTTCAACTCCTCC
CTGCCTCTGGTGATGATAATCCACGGGTGGTCGGTGGACGGCGTGCTAGAAAACTGGATC
TGGCAGATGGTGGCCGCGCTGAAGTCTCAGCCGGCCCAGCCAGTGAACGTGGGGCTGGTG
GACTGGATCACCCTGGCCCACGACCACTACACCATCGCCGTCCGCAACACCCGCCTTGTG
GGCAAGGAGGTCGCGGCTCTTCTCCGGTGGCTGGAGGAATCTGTGCAACTCTCTCGAAGC
CATGTTCACCTAATTGGGTACAGCCTGGGTGCACACGTGTCAGGATTTGCCGGCAGTTCC
ATCGGTGGAACGCACAAGATTGGGAGAATCACAGGGCTGGATGCCGCGGGACCTTTGTTT
GAGGGAAGTGCCCCCAGCAATCGTCTTTCTCCAGATGATGCCAATTTTGTGGATGCCATT
CATACCTTTACGCGGGAGCACATGGGCCTGAGCGTGGGCATCAAACAGCCCATAGGACAC
TATGACTTCTATCCCAACGGGGGCTCCTTCCAGCCTGGCTGCCACTCCCTAGAGCTCTAC
AGACATATTGCCCAGCACGGCTTCAATGCCATCACCCAGACCATAAAATGCTCCCACGAG
CGATCGGTGCACCTTTTCATCGACTCCTTGCTGCACGCCGGCACGCAGAGCATGGCCTAC
CCGTGTGGTGACATGAACAGCTTCAGCCAGGGCCTGTGCCTGAGCTGCAAGAAGGGCCGC
TGCAACACGCTGGGCTACCACGTCCGCCAGGAGCCGCGGAGCAAGAGCAAGAGGCTCTTC
CTCGTAACGCGAGCCCAGTCCCCCTTCAAAGTTTATCATTACCAGTTAAAGATCCAGTTC
ATCAACCAAACTGAGACGCCAATACAAACAACTTTTACCATGTCACTACTCGGAACAAAA
GAGAAAATGCAGAAAATTCCCATCACTCTGGGCAAAGGAATTGCTAGTAATAAAACGTAT
TCCTTTCTTATCACGCTGGATGTGGATATCGGCGAGCTGATCATGATCAAGTTCAAGTGG
GAAAACAGTGCAGTGTGGGCCAATGTCTGGGACACGGTCCAGACCATCATCCCATGGAGC
ACAGGGCCGCGCCACTCAGGCCTCGTTCTGAAGACGATCAGAGTCAAAGCAGGAGAAACC
CAGCAAAGAATGACATTTTGTTCAGAAAACACAGATGACCTACTACTTCGCCCAACCCAG
GAAAAAATCTTCGTGAAATGTGAAATAAAGTCTAAAACATCAAAGCGAAAGATCAGATGA

1. Martin GA, Busch SJ, Meredith GD, Cardin AD, Blankenship DT, Mao SJ, Rechtin AE, Woods CW, Racke MM, Schafer MP, et al.: Isolation and cDNA sequence of human postheparin plasma hepatic triglyceride lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 5;263(22):10907-14. [PubMed ]
2. Stahnke G, Sprengel R, Augustin J, Will H: Human hepatic triglyceride lipase: cDNA cloning, amino acid sequence and expression in a cultured cell line. Differentiation. 1987;35(1):45-52. [PubMed ]
3. Datta S, Luo CC, Li WH, VanTuinen P, Ledbetter DH, Brown MA, Chen SH, Liu SW, Chan L: Human hepatic lipase. Cloned cDNA sequence, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, chromosomal localization, and evolutionary relationships with lipoprotein lipase and pancreatic lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 25;263(3):1107-10. [PubMed ]
4. Cai SJ, Wong DM, Chen SH, Chan L: Structure of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Biochemistry. 1989 Nov 14;28(23):8966-71. [PubMed ]
5. Ameis D, Stahnke G, Kobayashi J, McLean J, Lee G, Buscher M, Schotz MC, Will H: Isolation and characterization of the human hepatic lipase gene. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 25;265(12):6552-5. [PubMed ]
6. Takagi A, Ikeda Y, Mori A, Ashida Y, Yamamoto A: Identification of a BstNI polymorphism in exon 9 of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Mol Cell Probes. 1996 Aug;10(4):313-4. [PubMed ]
7. Hegele RA, Tu L, Connelly PW: Human hepatic lipase mutations and polymorphisms. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(4):320-4. [PubMed ]
8. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed ]
9. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed ]

MLIFWTITLFLLGAAKGKEVCYEDLGCFSDTEPWGGTAIRPLKILPWSPEKIGTRFLLYT
NENPNNFQILLLSDPSTIEASNFQMDRKTRFIIHGFIDKGDESWVTDMCKKLFEVEEVNC
ICVDWKKGSQATYTQAANNVRVVGAQVAQMLDILLTEYSYPPSKVHLIGHSLGAHVAGEA
GSKTPGLSRITGLDPVEASFESTPEEVRLDPSDADFVDVIHTDAAPLIPFLGFGTNQQMG
HLDFFPNGGESMPGCKKNALSQIVDLDGIWAGTRDFVACNHLRSYKYYLESILNPDGFAA
YPCTSYKSFESDKCFPCPDQGCPQMGHYADKFAGRTSEEQQKFFLNTGEASNFARWRYGV
SITLSGRTATGQIKVALFGNKGNTHQYSIFRGILKPGSTHSYEFDAKLDVGTIEKVKFLW
NNNVINPTLPKVGATKITVQKGEEKTVYNFCSEDTVREDTLLTLTPC

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-17

ATGCTGATCTTCTGGACAATCACACTTTTCCTGCTGGGAGCAGCCAAAGGAAAAGAAGTT
TGCTATGAGGACCTCGGGTGCTTTTCTGACACTGAGCCCTGGGGCGGGACAGCAATCAGG
CCCCTGAAAATTCTCCCCTGGAGCCCTGAGAAGATCGGCACCCGCTTCCTGCTGTACACC
AATGAAAACCCAAACAACTTTCAAATTCTCCTCCTCTCTGATCCATCAACAATTGAGGCA
TCAAATTTTCAAATGGACAGAAAGACCCGGTTCATCATCCATGGCTTCATAGACAAAGGA
GATGAGAGCTGGGTGACAGACATGTGCAAGAAACTGTTCGAGGTGGAGGAGGTGAACTGC
ATCTGCGTGGACTGGAAGAAGGGCTCCCAAGCCACCTACACACAGGCTGCCAACAACGTG
CGAGTGGTGGGCGCCCAGGTGGCCCAGATGCTCGACATCCTCTTGACAGAGTATAGCTAC
CCCCCTTCCAAAGTTCACCTCATTGGCCACAGCCTGGGAGCCCACGTGGCTGGAGAGGCA
GGAAGCAAGACTCCAGGCCTGAGCAGGATTACAGGGTTGGATCCTGTAGAAGCAAGTTTC
GAGAGTACTCCTGAAGAGGTGCGACTTGATCCCTCTGATGCTGACTTTGTTGATGTGATT
CACACGGATGCAGCTCCCCTGATCCCATTCTTGGGTTTTGGAACGAACCAACAGATGGGT
CATCTTGACTTCTTCCCCAATGGAGGAGAGAGCATGCCGGGATGCAAGAAGAATGCCCTG
TCTCAGATCGTGGATCTAGATGGCATCTGGGCGGGAACCCGGGACTTTGTGGCTTGCAAT
CACCTAAGAAGCTACAAGTATTACTTGGAAAGCATCCTCAATCCCGATGGGTTTGCTGCA
TATCCCTGCACTTCCTACAAGTCCTTTGAGTCTGACAAGTGCTTCCCGTGTCCAGATCAA
GGATGCCCACAGATGGGTCACTATGCTGATAAATTTGCTGGCAGGACAAGTGAAGAGCAG
CAGAAATTCTTCTTGAACACAGGAGAGGCTAGCAATTTCGCTCGCTGGAGATATGGGGTT
TCCATCACACTGTCTGGAAGAACAGCCACTGGTCAGATCAAAGTTGCTTTGTTTGGAAAT
AAGGGAAACACTCACCAGTACAGCATCTTCAGGGGGATTCTCAAACCAGGCTCAACCCAT
TCCTATGAGTTTGATGCAAAGCTGGATGTTGGAACAATTGAGAAAGTCAAGTTTCTTTGG
AATAACAATGTGATAAATCCAACCCTCCCCAAAGTGGGTGCCACCAAGATCACTGTGCAA
AAGGGAGAAGAGAAGACAGTGTACAACTTCTGTAGCGAAGACACAGTGCGGGAAGACACG
CTGCTCACCCTCACGCCCTGCTAA

1. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed ]

1. iPLA2-epsilon
2. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2- epsilon
3. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3[Includes: Triacylglycerol lipase

MYDAERGWSLSFAGCGFLGFYHVGATRCLSEHAPHLLRDARMLFGASAGALHCVGVLSGI
PLEQTLQVLSDLVRKARSRNIGIFHPSFNLSKFLRQGLCKCLPANVHQLISGKIGISLTR
VSDGENVLVSDFRSKDEVVDALVCSCFIPFYSGLIPPSFRGVRYVDGGVSDNVPFIDAKT
TITVSPFYGEYDICPKVKSTNFLHVDITKLSLRLCTGNLYLLSRAFVPPDLKVLGEICLR
GYLDAFRFLEEKGICNRPQPGLKSSSEGMDPEVAMPSWANMSLDSSPESAALAVRLEGDE
LLDHLRLSILPWDESILDTLSPRLATALSEEMKDKGGYMSKICNLLPIRIMSYVMLPCTL
PVESAIAIVQRLVTWLPDMPDDVLWLQWVTSQVFTRVLMCLLPASRSQMPVSSQQASPCT
PEQDWPCWTPCSPKGCPAETKAEATPRSILRSSLNFFLGNKVPAGAEGLSTFPSFSLEKS
L

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• None

• 42-62

ATGTACGACGCAGAGCGCGGCTGGAGCTTGTCCTTCGCGGGCTGCGGCTTCCTGGGCTTC
TACCACGTCGGGGCGACCCGCTGCCTGAGCGAGCACGCCCCGCACCTCCTCCGCGACGCG
CGCATGTTGTTCGGCGCTTCGGCCGGGGCGTTGCACTGCGTCGGCGTCCTCTCCGGTATC
CCGCTGGAGCAGACTCTGCAGGTCCTCTCAGATCTTGTGCGGAAGGCCAGGAGTCGGAAC
ATTGGCATCTTCCATCCATCCTTCAACTTAAGCAAGTTCCTCCGACAGGGTCTCTGCAAA
TGCCTCCCGGCCAATGTCCACCAGCTCATCTCCGGCAAAATAGGCATCTCTCTTACCAGA
GTGTCTGATGGGGAAAACGTTCTGGTGTCTGACTTTCGGTCCAAAGACGAAGTCGTGGAT
GCCTTGGTATGTTCCTGCTTCATCCCCTTCTACAGTGGCCTTATCCCTCCTTCCTTCAGA
GGCGTGCGATATGTGGATGGAGGAGTGAGTGACAACGTACCCTTCATTGATGCCAAAACA
ACCATCACCGTGTCCCCCTTCTATGGGGAGTACGACATCTGCCCTAAAGTCAAGTCCACG
AACTTTCTTCATGTGGACATCACCAAGCTCAGTCTACGCCTCTGCACAGGGAACCTCTAC
CTTCTCTCGAGAGCTTTTGTCCCCCCGGATCTCAAGGTGCTGGGAGAGATATGCCTTCGA
GGATATTTGGATGCATTCAGGTTCTTGGAAGAGAAGGGCATCTGCAACAGGCCCCAGCCA
GGCCTGAAGTCATCCTCAGAAGGGATGGATCCTGAGGTCGCCATGCCCAGCTGGGCAAAC
ATGAGTCTGGATTCTTCCCCGGAGTCGGCTGCCTTGGCTGTGAGGCTGGAGGGAGATGAG
CTGCTAGACCACCTGCGTCTCAGCATCCTGCCCTGGGATGAGAGCATCCTGGACACCCTC
TCGCCCAGGCTCGCTACAGCACTGAGTGAAGAAATGAAAGACAAAGGTGGATACATGAGC
AAGATTTGCAACTTGCTACCCATTAGGATAATGTCTTATGTAATGCTGCCCTGTACCCTG
CCTGTGGAATCTGCCATTGCGATTGTCCAGAGACTGGTGACATGGCTTCCAGATATGCCC
GACGATGTCCTGTGGTTGCAGTGGGTGACCTCACAGGTGTTCACTCGAGTGCTGATGTGT
CTGCTCCCCGCCTCCAGGTCCCAAATGCCAGTGAGCAGCCAACAGGCCTCCCCATGCACA
CCTGAGCAGGACTGGCCCTGCTGGACTCCCTGCTCCCCCAAGGGCTGTCCAGCAGAGACC
AAAGCAGAGGCCACCCCGCGGTCCATCCTCAGGTCCAGCCTGAACTTCTTCTTGGGCAAT
AAAGTACCTGCTGGTGCTGAGGGGCTCTCCACCTTTCCCAGTTTTTCACTAGAGAAGAGT
CTGTGA

1. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]

1. Gastric lipase
2. GL

MWLLLTMASLISVLGTTHGLFGKLHPGSPEVTMNISQMITYWGYPNEEYEVVTEDGYILE
VNRIPYGKKNSGNTGQRPVVFLQHGLLASATNWISNLPNNSLAFILADAGYDVWLGNSRG
NTWARRNLYYSPDSVEFWAFSFDEMAKYDLPATIDFIVKKTGQKQLHYVGHSQGTTIGFI
AFSTNPSLAKRIKTFYALAPVATVKYTKSLINKLRFVPQSLFKFIFGDKIFYPHNFFDQF
LATEVCSREMLNLLCSNALFIICGFDSKNFNTSRLDVYLSHNPAGTSVQNMFHWTQAVKS
GKFQAYDWGSPVQNRMHYDQSQPPYYNVTAMNVPIAVWNGGKDLLADPQDVGLLLPKLPN
LIYHKEIPFYNHLDFIWAMDAPQEVYNDIVSMISEDKK

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Abhydro_lipase (PF04083 )
• Abhydrolase_1 (PF00561 )

• 1-19

ATGTGGCTGCTTTTAACAATGGCAAGTTTGATATCTGTACTGGGGACTACACATGGTTTG
TTTGGAAAATTACATCCTGGAAGCCCTGAAGTGACTATGAACATTAGTCAGATGATTACT
TATTGGGGATACCCAAATGAAGAATATGAAGTTGTGACTGAAGATGGTTATATTCTTGAA
GTCAATAGAATTCCTTATGGGAAGAAAAATTCAGGGAATACAGGCCAGAGACCTGTTGTG
TTTTTGCAGCATGGTTTGCTTGCATCAGCCACAAACTGGATTTCCAACCTGCCGAACAAC
AGCCTTGCCTTCATTCTGGCAGATGCTGGTTATGATGTGTGGCTGGGCAACAGCAGAGGA
AACACCTGGGCCAGAAGAAACTTGTACTATTCACCAGATTCAGTTGAATTCTGGGCTTTC
AGCTTTGATGAAATGGCTAAATATGACCTTCCAGCCACAATCGACTTCATTGTAAAGAAA
ACTGGACAGAAGCAGCTACACTATGTTGGCCATTCCCAGGGCACCACCATTGGTTTTATT
GCCTTTTCCACCAATCCCAGCCTGGCTAAAAGAATCAAAACCTTCTATGCTCTAGCTCCT
GTTGCCACTGTGAAGTATACAAAAAGCCTTATAAACAAACTTAGATTTGTTCCTCAATCC
CTCTTCAAGTTTATATTTGGTGACAAAATATTCTACCCACACAACTTCTTTGATCAATTT
CTTGCTACTGAAGTGTGCTCCCGTGAGATGCTGAATCTCCTTTGCAGCAATGCCTTATTT
ATAATTTGTGGATTTGACAGTAAGAACTTTAACACGAGTCGCTTGGATGTGTATCTATCA
CATAATCCAGCAGGAACTTCTGTTCAAAACATGTTCCATTGGACCCAGGCTGTTAAGTCT
GGGAAATTCCAAGCTTATGACTGGGGAAGCCCAGTTCAGAATAGGATGCACTATGATCAG
TCCCAACCTCCCTACTACAATGTGACAGCCATGAATGTACCAATTGCAGTGTGGAACGGT
GGCAAGGACCTGTTGGCTGACCCCCAAGATGTTGGCCTTTTGCTTCCAAAACTCCCCAAT
CTTATTTACCACAAGGAGATTCCTTTTTACAATCACTTGGACTTTATCTGGGCAATGGAT
GCCCCTCAAGAAGTTTACAATGACATTGTTTCTATGATATCAGAAGATAAAAAGTAG

1. Bodmer MW, Angal S, Yarranton GT, Harris TJ, Lyons A, King DJ, Pieroni G, Riviere C, Verger R, Lowe PA: Molecular cloning of a human gastric lipase and expression of the enzyme in yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Aug 25;909(3):237-44. [PubMed ]
2. Bernback S, Blackberg L: Human gastric lipase. The N-terminal tetrapeptide is essential for lipid binding and lipase activity. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Jul 1;182(3):495-9. [PubMed ]
3. Roussel A, Canaan S, Egloff MP, Riviere M, Dupuis L, Verger R, Cambillau C: Crystal structure of human gastric lipase and model of lysosomal acid lipase, two lipolytic enzymes of medical interest. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):16995-7002. [PubMed ]

1. Endothelial cell-derived lipase
2. EDL
3. EL

MSNSVPLLCFWSLCYCFAAGSPVPFGPEGRLEDKLHKPKATQTEVKPSVRFNLRTSKDPE
HEGCYLSVGHSQPLEDCSFNMTAKTFFIIHGWTMSGIFENWLHKLVSALHTREKDANVVV
VDWLPLAHQLYTDAVNNTRVVGHSIARMLDWLQEKDDFSLGNVHLIGYSLGAHVAGYAGN
FVKGTVGRITGLDPAGPMFEGADIHKRLSPDDADFVDVLHTYTRSFGLSIGIQMPVGHID
IYPNGGDFQPGCGLNDVLGSIAYGTITEVVKCEHERAVHLFVDSLVNQDKPSFAFQCTDS
NRFKKGICLSCRKNRCNSIGYNAKKMRNKRNSKMYLKTRAGMPFRVYHYQMKIHVFSYKN
MGEIEPTFYVTLYGTNADSQTLPLEIVERIEQNATNTFLVYTEEDLGDLLKIQLTWEGAS
QSWYNLWKEFRSYLSQPRNPGRELNIRRIRVKSGETQRKLTFCTEDPENTSISPGRELWF
RKCRDGWRMKNETSPTVELP

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-20

ATGAGCAACTCCGTTCCTCTGCTCTGTTTCTGGAGCCTCTGCTATTGCTTTGCTGCGGGG
AGCCCCGTACCTTTTGGTCCAGAGGGACGGCTGGAAGATAAGCTCCACAAACCCAAAGCT
ACACAGACTGAGGTCAAACCATCTGTGAGGTTTAACCTCCGCACCTCCAAGGACCCAGAG
CATGAAGGATGCTACCTCTCCGTCGGCCACAGCCAGCCCTTAGAAGACTGCAGTTTCAAC
ATGACAGCTAAAACCTTTTTCATCATTCACGGATGGACGATGAGCGGTATCTTTGAAAAC
TGGCTGCACAAACTCGTGTCAGCCCTGCACACAAGAGAGAAAGACGCCAATGTAGTTGTG
GTTGACTGGCTCCCCCTGGCCCACCAGCTTTACACGGATGCGGTCAATAATACCAGGGTG
GTGGGACACAGCATTGCCAGGATGCTCGACTGGCTGCAGGAGAAGGACGATTTTTCTCTC
GGGAATGTCCACTTGATCGGCTACAGCCTCGGAGCGCACGTGGCCGGGTATGCAGGCAAC
TTCGTGAAAGGAACGGTGGGCCGAATCACAGGTTTGGATCCTGCCGGGCCCATGTTTGAA
GGGGCCGACATCCACAAGAGGCTCTCTCCGGACGATGCAGATTTTGTGGATGTCCTCCAC
ACCTACACGCGTTCCTTCGGCTTGAGCATTGGTATTCAGATGCCTGTGGGCCACATTGAC
ATCTACCCCAATGGGGGTGACTTCCAGCCAGGCTGTGGACTCAACGATGTCTTGGGATCA
ATTGCATATGGAACAATCACAGAGGTGGTAAAATGTGAGCATGAGCGAGCCGTCCACCTC
TTTGTTGACTCTCTGGTGAATCAGGACAAGCCGAGTTTTGCCTTCCAGTGCACTGACTCC
AATCGCTTCAAAAAGGGGATCTGTCTGAGCTGCCGCAAGAACCGTTGTAATAGCATTGGC
TACAATGCCAAGAAAATGAGGAACAAGAGGAACAGCAAAATGTACCTAAAAACCCGGGCA
GGCATGCCTTTCAGAGTTTACCATTATCAGATGAAAATCCATGTCTTCAGTTACAAGAAC
ATGGGAGAAATTGAGCCCACCTTTTACGTCACCCTTTATGGCACTAATGCAGATTCCCAG
ACTCTGCCACTGGAAATAGTGGAGCGGATCGAGCAGAATGCCACCAACACCTTCCTGGTC
TACACCGAGGAGGACTTGGGAGACCTCTTGAAGATCCAGCTCACCTGGGAGGGGGCCTCT
CAGTCTTGGTACAACCTGTGGAAGGAGTTTCGCAGCTACCTGTCTCAACCCCGCAACCCC
GGACGGGAGCTGAATATCAGGCGCATCCGGGTGAAGTCTGGGGAAACCCAGCGGAAACTG
ACATTTTGTACAGAAGACCCTGAGAACACCAGCATATCCCCAGGCCGGGAGCTCTGGTTT
CGCAAGTGTCGGGATGGCTGGAGGATGAAAAACGAAACCAGTCCCACTGTGGAGCTTCCC
TGA

1. Hirata K, Dichek HL, Cioffi JA, Choi SY, Leeper NJ, Quintana L, Kronmal GS, Cooper AD, Quertermous T: Cloning of a unique lipase from endothelial cells extends the lipase gene family. J Biol Chem. 1999 May 14;274(20):14170-5. [PubMed ]
2. Jaye M, Lynch KJ, Krawiec J, Marchadier D, Maugeais C, Doan K, South V, Amin D, Perrone M, Rader DJ: A novel endothelial-derived lipase that modulates HDL metabolism. Nat Genet. 1999 Apr;21(4):424-8. [PubMed ]
3. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]
4. McCoy MG, Sun GS, Marchadier D, Maugeais C, Glick JM, Rader DJ: Characterization of the lipolytic activity of endothelial lipase. J Lipid Res. 2002 Jun;43(6):921-9. [PubMed ]
5. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed ]

1. BAL
2. Bile salt-stimulated lipase
3. BSSL
4. Carboxyl ester lipase
5. Sterol esterase
6. Cholesterol esterase
7. Pancreatic lysophospholipase

MGRLQLVVLGLTCCWAVASAAKLGAVYTEGGFVEGVNKKLGLLGDSVDIFKGIPFAAPTK
ALENPQPHPGWQGTLKAKNFKKRCLQATITQDSTYGDEDCLYLNIWVPQGRKQVSRDLPV
MIWIYGGAFLMGSGHGANFLNNYLYDGEEIATRGNVIVVTFNYRVGPLGFLSTGDANLPG
NYGLRDQHMAIAWVKRNIAAFGGDPNNITLFGESAGGASVSLQTLSPYNKGLIRRAISQS
GVALSPWVIQKNPLFWAKKVAEKVGCPVGDAARMAQCLKVTDPRALTLAYKVPLAGLEYP
MLHYVGFVPVIDGDFIPADPINLYANAADIDYIAGTNNMDGHIFASIDMPAINKGNKKVT
EEDFYKLVSEFTITKGLRGAKTTFDVYTESWAQDPSQENKKKTVVDFETDVLFLVPTEIA
LAQHRANAKSAKTYAYLFSHPSRMPVYPKWVGADHADDIQYVFGKPFATPTGYRPQDRTV
SKAMIAYWTNFAKTGDPNMGDSAVPTHWEPYTTENSGYLEITKKMGSSSMKRSLRTNFLR
YWTLTYLALPTVTDQEATPVPPTGDSEATPVPPTGDSETAPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSG
APPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVP
PTGDAGPPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVTPTGDSETAPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDS
EAAPVPPTDDSKEAQMPAVIRF

• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )

• A steryl ester + H2O = a sterol + a fatty acid

• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-20

ATGCTCACCATGGGGCGCCTGCAACTGGTTGTGTTGGGCCTCACCTGCTGCTGGGCAGTG
GCGAGTGCCGCGAAGCTGGGCGCCGTGTACACAGAAGGTGGGTTCGTGGAAGGCGTCAAT
AAGAAGCTCGGCCTCCTGGGTGACTCTGTGGACATCTTCAAGGGCATCCCCTTCGCAGCT
CCCACCAAGGCCCTGGAAAATCCTCAGCCACATCCTGGCTGGCAAGGGACCCTGAAGGCC
AAGAACTTCAAGAAGAGATGCCTGCAGGCCACCATCACCCAGGACAGCACCTACGGGGAT
GAAGACTGCCTGTACCTCAACATTTGGGTGCCCCAGGGCAGGAAGCAAGTCTCCCGGGAC
CTGCCCGTTATGATCTGGATCTATGGAGGCGCCTTCCTCATGGGGTCCGGCCATGGGGCC
AACTTCCTCAACAACTACCTGTATGACGGCGAGGAGATCGCCACACGCGGAAACGTCATC
GTGGTCACCTTCAACTACCGTGTCGGCCCCCTTGGGTTCCTCAGCACTGGGGACGCCAAT
CTGCCAGGTAACTATGGCCTTCGGGATCAGCACATGGCCATTGCTTGGGTGAAGAGGAAT
ATCGCGGCCTTCGGGGGGGACCCCAACAACATCACGCTCTTCGGGGAGTCTGCTGGAGGT
GCCAGCGTCTCTCTGCAGACCCTCTCCCCCTACAACAAGGGCCTCATCCGGCGAGCCATC
AGCCAGAGCGGCGTGGCCCTGAGTCCCTGGGTCATCCAGAAAAACCCACTCTTCTGGGCC
AAAAAGGTGGCTGAGAAGGTGGGTTGCCCTGTGGGTGATGCCGCCAGGATGGCCCAGTGT
CTGAAGGTTACTGATCCCCGAGCCCTGACGCTGGCCTATAAGGTGCCGCTGGCAGGCCTG
GAGTACCCCATGCTGCACTATGTGGGCTTCGTCCCTGTCATTGATGGAGACTTCATCCCC
GCTGACCCGATCAACCTGTACGCCAACGCCGCCGACATCGACTATATAGCAGGCACCAAC
AACATGGACGGCCACATCTTCGCCAGCATCGACATGCCTGCCATCAACAAGGGCAACAAG
AAAGTCACGGAGGAGGACTTCTACAAGCTGGTCAGTGAGTTCACAATCACCAAGGGGCTC
AGAGGCGCCAAGACGACCTTTGATGTCTACACCGAGTCCTGGGCCCAGGACCCATCCCAG
GAGAATAAGAAGAAGACTGTGGTGGACTTTGAGACCGATGTCCTCTTCCTGGTGCCCACC
GAGATTGCCCTAGCCCAGCACAGAGCCAATGCCAAGAGTGCCAAGACCTACGCCTACCTG
TTTTCCCATCCCTCTCGGATGCCCGTCTACCCCAAATGGGTGGGGGCCGACCATGCAGAT
GACATTCAGTACGTTTTCGGGAAGCCCTTCGCCACCCCCACGGGCTACCGGCCCCAAGAC
AGGACAGTCTCTAAGGCCATGATCGCCTACTGGACCAACTTTGCCAAAACAGGGGACCCC
AACATGGGCGACTCGGCTGTGCCCACACACTGGGAACCCTACACTACGGAAAACAGCGGC
TACCTGGAGATCACCAAGAAGATGGGCAGCAGCTCCATGAAGCGGAGCCTGAGAACCAAC
TTCCTGCGCTACTGGACCCTCACCTATCTGGCGCTGCCCACAGTGACCGACCAGGAGGCC
ACCCCTGTGCCCCCCACAGGGGACTCCGAGGCCACTCCCGTGCCCCCCACGGGTGACTCC
GAGACCGCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGT
GACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCC
ACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTG
CCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGCGCCCCC
CCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACGCCGGGCCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGC
GCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGACCCCCACGGGTGAC
TCCGAGACCGCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCTGTGCCCCCCACG
GGTGACTCTGAGGCTGCCCCTGTGCCCCCCACAGATGACTCCAAGGAAGCTCAGATGCCT
GCAGTCATTAGGTTTTAG

1. Nilsson J, Blackberg L, Carlsson P, Enerback S, Hernell O, Bjursell G: cDNA cloning of human-milk bile-salt-stimulated lipase and evidence for its identity to pancreatic carboxylic ester hydrolase. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Sep 11;192(2):543-50. [PubMed ]
2. Hui DY, Kissel JA: Sequence identity between human pancreatic cholesterol esterase and bile salt-stimulated milk lipase. FEBS Lett. 1990 Dec 10;276(1-2):131-4. [PubMed ]
3. Baba T, Downs D, Jackson KW, Tang J, Wang CS: Structure of human milk bile salt activated lipase. Biochemistry. 1991 Jan 15;30(2):500-10. [PubMed ]
4. Lidberg U, Nilsson J, Stromberg K, Stenman G, Sahlin P, Enerback S, Bjursell G: Genomic organization, sequence analysis, and chromosomal localization of the human carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) gene and a CEL-like (CELL) gene. Genomics. 1992 Jul;13(3):630-40. [PubMed ]
5. Roudani S, Miralles F, Margotat A, Escribano MJ, Lombardo D: Bile salt-dependent lipase transcripts in human fetal tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Oct 17;1264(1):141-50. [PubMed ]
6. Christie DL, Cleverly DR, O'Connor CJ: Human milk bile-salt stimulated lipase. Sequence similarity with rat lysophospholipase and homology with the active site region of cholinesterases. FEBS Lett. 1991 Jan 28;278(2):190-4. [PubMed ]
7. Wang CS, Dashti A, Jackson KW, Yeh JC, Cummings RD, Tang J: Isolation and characterization of human milk bile salt-activated lipase C-tail fragment. Biochemistry. 1995 Aug 22;34(33):10639-44. [PubMed ]
8. Mechref Y, Chen P, Novotny MV: Structural characterization of the N-linked oligosaccharides in bile salt-stimulated lipase originated from human breast milk. Glycobiology. 1999 Mar;9(3):227-34. [PubMed ]
9. Terzyan S, Wang CS, Downs D, Hunter B, Zhang XC: Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human bile salt activated lipase. Protein Sci. 2000 Sep;9(9):1783-90. [PubMed ]

MLPPWTLGLLLLATVRGKEVCYGQLGCFSDEKPWAGTLQRPVKLLPWSPEDIDTRFLLYT
NENPNNFQLITGTEPDTIEASNFQLDRKTRFIIHGFLDKAEDSWPSDMCKKMFEVEKVNC
ICVDWRHGSRAMYTQAVQNIRVVGAETAFLIQALSTQLGYSLEDVHVIGHSLGAHTAAEA
GRRLGGRVGRITGLDPAGPCFQDEPEEVRLDPSDAVFVDVIHTDSSPIVPSLGFGMSQKV
GHLDFFPNGGKEMPGCKKNVLSTITDIDGIWEGIGGFVSCNHLRSFEYYSSSVLNPDGFL
GYPCASYDEFQESKCFPCPAEGCPKMGHYADQFKGKTSAVEQTFFLNTGESGNFTSWRYK
VSVTLSGKEKVNGYIRIALYGSNENSKQYEIFKGSLKPDASHTCAIDVDFNVGKIQKVKF
LWNKRGINLSEPKLGASQITVQSGEDGTEYNFCSSDTVEENVLQSLYPC

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-17

ATGCTGCCCCCTTGGACCCTCGGCCTTCTCCTGCTGGCCACAGTCAGAGGAAAAGAGGTC
TGCTACGGACAACTTGGCTGCTTTTCTGATGAAAAACCATGGGCAGGAACCCTTCAGCGA
CCTGTAAAATTACTTCCCTGGTCCCCCGAGGACATTGACACCCGCTTTCTTCTGTACACA
AATGAAAATCCAAACAACTTCCAACTAATCACTGGCACGGAACCAGACACCATTGAGGCT
TCAAACTTCCAACTGGACCGCAAGACACGCTTCATCATCCATGGCTTCTTAGACAAGGCG
GAGGACAGCTGGCCATCGGACATGTGCAAGAAAATGTTTGAAGTGGAGAAGGTGAACTGC
ATCTGTGTGGACTGGAGGCACGGGTCCCGGGCAATGTACACCCAAGCCGTGCAAAACATT
CGGGTTGTTGGGGCGGAGACAGCTTTCTTAATACAAGCACTGTCGACGCAGCTAGGGTAC
AGCCTTGAGGACGTGCATGTCATCGGCCACAGCCTGGGCGCGCACACGGCCGCGGAGGCG
GGCAGGAGGCTGGGGGGCCGCGTGGGCAGGATCACAGGGCTGGATCCAGCAGGGCCGTGC
TTCCAGGATGAACCTGAGGAGGTTCGGTTGGATCCATCTGACGCCGTGTTTGTGGATGTG
ATTCACACAGATTCTTCTCCCATAGTTCCTTCCCTAGGTTTCGGAATGAGCCAAAAGGTG
GGCCATCTGGATTTCTTTCCAAATGGAGGAAAGGAAATGCCCGGATGTAAGAAAAATGTC
CTTTCAACCATTACTGATATTGATGGAATATGGGAAGGAATTGGTGGCTTTGTGTCTTGC
AATCACCTAAGAAGCTTCGAGTATTACTCAAGCAGCGTCCTCAACCCTGATGGCTTCCTG
GGCTATCCCTGTGCCTCCTACGATGAGTTTCAGGAGAGTAAGTGTTTCCCTTGTCCAGCT
GAAGGATGCCCCAAAATGGGGCACTATGCTGACCAATTTAAGGGGAAAACAAGTGCTGTG
GAACAAACCTTTTTCCTGAACACAGGAGAGAGTGGTAACTTTACTAGTTGGAGATATAAG
GTATCAGTCACACTTTCTGGAAAAGAGAAAGTGAATGGGTACATCAGGATTGCTTTGTAT
GGAAGTAATGAAAACTCGAAACAATATGAGATTTTCAAAGGATCCCTCAAACCAGATGCA
AGTCACACGTGTGCTATTGATGTGGATTTTAATGTTGGAAAAATACAGAAAGTTAAATTC
CTCTGGAACAAACGTGGGATAAATCTATCTGAGCCCAAACTGGGGGCTTCCCAAATCACA
GTGCAAAGTGGTGAAGATGGGACTGAGTATAATTTTTGTAGCAGCGACACTGTGGAAGAA
AACGTCTTGCAATCTCTTTACCCTTGTTAA

1. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed ]

1. LPL

MESKALLVLTLAVWLQSLTASRGGVAAADQRRDFIDIESKFALRTPEDTAEDTCHLIPGV
AESVATCHFNHSSKTFMVIHGWTVTGMYESWVPKLVAALYKREPDSNVIVVDWLSRAQEH
YPVSAGYTKLVGQDVARFINWMEEEFNYPLDNVHLLGYSLGAHAAGIAGSLTNKKVNRIT
GLDPAGPNFEYAEAPSRLSPDDADFVDVLHTFTRGSPGRSIGIQKPVGHVDIYPNGGTFQ
PGCNIGEAIRVIAERGLGDVDQLVKCSHERSIHLFIDSLLNEENPSKAYRCSSKEAFEKG
LCLSCRKNRCNNLGYEINKVRAKRSSKMYLKTRSQMPYKVFHYQVKIHFSGTESETHTNQ
AFEISLYGTVAESENIPFTLPEVSTNKTYSFLIYTEVDIGELLMLKLKWKSDSYFSWSDW
WSSPGFAIQKIRVKAGETQKKVIFCSREKVSHLQKGKAPAVFVKCHDKSLNKKSG

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-27

ATGGAGAGCAAAGCCCTGCTCGTGCTGACTCTGGCCGTGTGGCTCCAGAGTCTGACCGCC
TCCCGCGGAGGGGTGGCCGCCGCCGACCAAAGAAGAGATTTTATCGACATCGAAAGTAAA
TTTGCCCTAAGGACCCCTGAAGACACAGCTGAGGACACTTGCCACCTCATTCCCGGAGTA
GCAGAGTCCGTGGCTACCTGTCATTTCAATCACAGCAGCAAAACCTTCATGGTGATCCAT
GGCTGGACGGTAACAGGAATGTATGAGAGTTGGGTGCCAAAACTTGTGGCCGCCCTGTAC
AAGAGAGAACCAGACTCCAATGTCATTGTGGTGGACTGGCTGTCACGGGCTCAGGAGCAT
TACCCAGTGTCCGCGGGCTACACCAAACTGGTGGGACAGGATGTGGCCCGGTTTATCAAC
TGGATGGAGGAGGAGTTTAACTACCCTCTGGACAATGTCCATCTCTTGGGATACAGCCTT
GGAGCCCATGCTGCTGGCATTGCAGGAAGTCTGACCAATAAGAAAGTCAACAGAATTACT
GGCCTCGATCCAGCTGGACCTAACTTTGAGTATGCAGAAGCCCCGAGTCGTCTTTCTCCT
GATGATGCAGATTTTGTAGACGTCTTACACACATTCACCAGAGGGTCCCCTGGTCGAAGC
ATTGGAATCCAGAAACCAGTTGGGCATGTTGACATTTACCCGAATGGAGGTACTTTTCAG
CCAGGATGTAACATTGGAGAAGCTATCCGCGTGATTGCAGAGAGAGGACTTGGAGATGTG
GACCAGCTAGTGAAGTGCTCCCACGAGCGCTCCATTCATCTCTTCATCGACTCTCTGTTG
AATGAAGAAAATCCAAGTAAGGCCTACAGGTGCAGTTCCAAGGAAGCCTTTGAGAAAGGG
CTCTGCTTGAGTTGTAGAAAGAACCGCTGCAACAATCTGGGCTATGAGATCAATAAAGTC
AGAGCCAAAAGAAGCAGCAAAATGTACCTGAAGACTCGTTCTCAGATGCCCTACAAAGTC
TTCCATTACCAAGTAAAGATTCATTTTTCTGGGACTGAGAGTGAAACCCATACCAATCAG
GCCTTTGAGATTTCTCTGTATGGCACCGTGGCCGAGAGTGAGAACATCCCATTCACTCTG
CCTGAAGTTTCCACAAATAAGACCTACTCCTTCCTAATTTACACAGAGGTAGATATTGGA
GAACTACTCATGTTGAAGCTCAAATGGAAGAGTGATTCATACTTTAGCTGGTCAGACTGG
TGGAGCAGTCCCGGCTTCGCCATTCAGAAGATCAGAGTAAAAGCAGGAGAGACTCAGAAA
AAGGTGATCTTCTGTTCTAGGGAGAAAGTGTCTCATTTGCAGAAAGGAAAGGCACCTGCG
GTATTTGTGAAATGCCATGACAAGTCTCTGAATAAGAAGTCAGGCTGA

1. Wion KL, Kirchgessner TG, Lusis AJ, Schotz MC, Lawn RM: Human lipoprotein lipase complementary DNA sequence. Science. 1987 Mar 27;235(4796):1638-41. [PubMed ]
2. Gotoda T, Senda M, Gamou T, Furuichi Y, Oka K: Nucleotide sequence of human cDNA coding for a lipoprotein lipase (LPL) cloned from placental cDNA library. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Mar 25;17(6):2351. [PubMed ]
3. Takagi A, Ikeda Y, Yamamoto A: DNA sequence of lipoprotein lipase cDNA cloned from human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Nov 11;18(21):6436. [PubMed ]
4. Chuat JC, Raisonnier A, Etienne J, Galibert F: The lipoprotein lipase-encoding human gene: sequence from intron-6 to intron-9 and presence in intron-7 of a 40-million-year-old Alu sequence. Gene. 1992 Jan 15;110(2):257-61. [PubMed ]
5. Enerback S, Ohlsson BG, Samuelsson L, Bjursell G: Characterization of the human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) promoter: evidence of two cis-regulatory regions, LP-alpha and LP-beta, of importance for the differentiation-linked induction of the LPL gene during adipogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Oct;12(10):4622-33. [PubMed ]
6. Zechner R: Rapid and simple isolation procedure for lipoprotein lipase from human milk. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 May 1;1044(1):20-5. [PubMed ]
7. Emmerich J, Beg OU, Peterson J, Previato L, Brunzell JD, Brewer HB Jr, Santamarina-Fojo S: Human lipoprotein lipase. Analysis of the catalytic triad by site-directed mutagenesis of Ser-132, Asp-156, and His-241. J Biol Chem. 1992 Feb 25;267(6):4161-5. [PubMed ]
8. van Tilbeurgh H, Roussel A, Lalouel JM, Cambillau C: Lipoprotein lipase. Molecular model based on the pancreatic lipase x-ray structure: consequences for heparin binding and catalysis. J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 11;269(6):4626-33. [PubMed ]
9. Wilson DE, Hata A, Kwong LK, Lingam A, Shuhua J, Ridinger DN, Yeager C, Kaltenborn KC, Iverius PH, Lalouel JM: Mutations in exon 3 of the lipoprotein lipase gene segregating in a family with hypertriglyceridemia, pancreatitis, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jul;92(1):203-11. [PubMed ]
10. Ishimura-Oka K, Faustinella F, Kihara S, Smith LC, Oka K, Chan L: A missense mutation (Trp86----Arg) in exon 3 of the lipoprotein lipase gene: a cause of familial chylomicronemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Jun;50(6):1275-80. [PubMed ]
11. Reina M, Brunzell JD, Deeb SS: Molecular basis of familial chylomicronemia: mutations in the lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein C-II genes. J Lipid Res. 1992 Dec;33(12):1823-32. [PubMed ]
12. Ameis D, Kobayashi J, Davis RC, Ben-Zeev O, Malloy MJ, Kane JP, Lee G, Wong H, Havel RJ, Schotz MC: Familial chylomicronemia (type I hyperlipoproteinemia) due to a single missense mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene. J Clin Invest. 1991 Apr;87(4):1165-70. [PubMed ]
13. Bruin T, Tuzgol S, van Diermen DE, Hoogerbrugge-van der Linden N, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR, Kastelein JJ: Recurrent pancreatitis and chylomicronemia in an extended Dutch kindred is caused by a Gly154-->Ser substitution in lipoprotein lipase. J Lipid Res. 1993 Dec;34(12):2109-19. [PubMed ]
14. Ma YH, Bruin T, Tuzgol S, Wilson BI, Roederer G, Liu MS, Davignon J, Kastelein JJ, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: Two naturally occurring mutations at the first and second bases of codon aspartic acid 156 in the proposed catalytic triad of human lipoprotein lipase. In vivo evidence that aspartic acid 156 is essential for catalysis. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jan 25;267(3):1918-23. [PubMed ]
15. Faustinella F, Chang A, Van Biervliet JP, Rosseneu M, Vinaimont N, Smith LC, Chen SH, Chan L: Catalytic triad residue mutation (Asp156----Gly) causing familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. Co-inheritance with a nonsense mutation (Ser447----Ter) in a Turkish family. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 5;266(22):14418-24. [PubMed ]
16. Bruin T, Kastelein JJ, Van Diermen DE, Ma Y, Henderson HE, Stuyt PM, Stalenhoef AF, Sturk A, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: A missense mutation Pro157 Arg in lipoprotein lipase (LPLNijmegen) resulting in loss of catalytic activity. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Sep 1;208(2):267-72. [PubMed ]
17. Ma Y, Liu MS, Ginzinger D, Frohlich J, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: Gene-environment interaction in the conversion of a mild-to-severe phenotype in a patient homozygous for a Ser172-->Cys mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene. J Clin Invest. 1993 May;91(5):1953-8. [PubMed ]
18. Beg OU, Meng MS, Skarlatos SI, Previato L, Brunzell JD, Brewer HB Jr, Fojo SS: Lipoprotein lipaseBethesda: a single amino acid substitution (Ala-176----Thr) leads to abnormal heparin binding and loss of enzymic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(9):3474-8. [PubMed ]
19. Haubenwallner S, Horl G, Shachter NS, Presta E, Fried SK, Hofler G, Kostner GM, Breslow JL, Zechner R: A novel missense mutation in the gene for lipoprotein lipase resulting in a highly conservative amino acid substitution (Asp180-->Glu) causes familial chylomicronemia (type I hyperlipoproteinemia). Genomics. 1993 Nov;18(2):392-6. [PubMed ]
20. Emi M, Wilson DE, Iverius PH, Wu L, Hata A, Hegele R, Williams RR, Lalouel JM: Missense mutation (Gly----Glu188) of human lipoprotein lipase imparting functional deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 5;265(10):5910-6. [PubMed ]
21. Monsalve MV, Henderson H, Roederer G, Julien P, Deeb S, Kastelein JJ, Peritz L, Devlin R, Bruin T, Murthy MR, et al.: A missense mutation at codon 188 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene is a frequent cause of lipoprotein lipase deficiency in persons of different ancestries. J Clin Invest. 1990 Sep;86(3):728-34. [PubMed ]
22. Ishimura-Oka K, Semenkovich CF, Faustinella F, Goldberg IJ, Shachter N, Smith LC, Coleman T, Hide WA, Brown WV, Oka K, et al.: A missense (Asp250----Asn) mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene in two unrelated families with familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. J Lipid Res. 1992 May;33(5):745-54. [PubMed ]
23. Henderson HE, Ma Y, Hassan MF, Monsalve MV, Marais AD, Winkler F, Gubernator K, Peterson J, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: Amino acid substitution (Ile194----Thr) in exon 5 of the lipoprotein lipase gene causes lipoprotein lipase deficiency in three unrelated probands. Support for a multicentric origin. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jun;87(6):2005-11. [PubMed ]
24. Dichek HL, Fojo SS, Beg OU, Skarlatos SI, Brunzell JD, Cutler GB Jr, Brewer HB Jr: Identification of two separate allelic mutations in the lipoprotein lipase gene of a patient with the familial hyperchylomicronemia syndrome. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan 5;266(1):473-7. [PubMed ]
25. Hata A, Ridinger DN, Sutherland SD, Emi M, Kwong LK, Shuhua J, Lubbers A, Guy-Grand B, Basdevant A, Iverius PH, et al.: Missense mutations in exon 5 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene. Inactivation correlates with loss of dimerization. J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 5;267(28):20132-9. [PubMed ]
26. Gotoda T, Yamada N, Kawamura M, Kozaki K, Mori N, Ishibashi S, Shimano H, Takaku F, Yazaki Y, Furuichi Y, et al.: Heterogeneous mutations in the human lipoprotein lipase gene in patients with familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1991 Dec;88(6):1856-64. [PubMed ]
27. Ma Y, Henderson HE, Murthy V, Roederer G, Monsalve MV, Clarke LA, Normand T, Julien P, Gagne C, Lambert M, et al.: A mutation in the human lipoprotein lipase gene as the most common cause of familial chylomicronemia in French Canadians. N Engl J Med. 1991 Jun 20;324(25):1761-6. [PubMed ]
28. Hata A, Emi M, Luc G, Basdevant A, Gambert P, Iverius PH, Lalouel JM: Compound heterozygote for lipoprotein lipase deficiency: Ser----Thr244 and transition in 3' splice site of intron 2 (AG----AA) in the lipoprotein lipase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Oct;47(4):721-6. [PubMed ]
29. Ma Y, Wilson BI, Bijvoet S, Henderson HE, Cramb E, Roederer G, Ven Murthy MR, Julien P, Bakker HD, Kastelein JJ, et al.: A missense mutation (Asp250----Asn) in exon 6 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene causes chylomicronemia in patients of different ancestries. Genomics. 1992 Jul;13(3):649-53. [PubMed ]
30. Reymer PW, Gagne E, Groenemeyer BE, Zhang H, Forsyth I, Jansen H, Seidell JC, Kromhout D, Lie KE, Kastelein J, et al.: A lipoprotein lipase mutation (Asn291Ser) is associated with reduced HDL cholesterol levels in premature atherosclerosis. Nat Genet. 1995 May;10(1):28-34. [PubMed ]
31. Kobayashi J, Sasaki N, Tashiro J, Inadera H, Saito Y, Yoshida S: A missense mutation (Ala334-->Thr) in exon 7 of the lipoprotein lipase gene in a case with type I hyperlipidemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Mar 31;191(3):1046-54. [PubMed ]
32. Pepe G, Chimienti G, Resta F, Di Perna V, Tarricone C, Lovecchio M, Colacicco AM, Capurso A: A new Italian case of lipoprotein lipase deficiency: a Leu365- > Val change resulting in loss of enzyme activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 15;199(2):570-6. [PubMed ]
33. Previato L, Guardamagna O, Dugi KA, Ronan R, Talley GD, Santamarina-Fojo S, Brewer HB Jr: A novel missense mutation in the C-terminal domain of lipoprotein lipase (Glu410-->Val) leads to enzyme inactivation and familial chylomicronemia. J Lipid Res. 1994 Sep;35(9):1552-60. [PubMed ]
34. Wiebusch H, Funke H, Bruin T, Bucher H, von Eckardstein A, Kastelein JJ, Assmann G: Compound heterozygosity for a known (D250N) and a novel (E410K) missense mutation in the C-terminal domain of lipoprotein lipase causes familial chylomicronemia. Hum Mutat. 1996;8(4):381-3. [PubMed ]
35. Foubert L, Bruin T, De Gennes JL, Ehrenborg E, Furioli J, Kastelein J, Benlian P, Hayden M: A single Ser259Arg mutation in the gene for lipoprotein lipase causes chylomicronemia in Moroccans of Berber ancestry. Hum Mutat. 1997;10(3):179-85. [PubMed ]
36. Mailly F, Palmen J, Muller DP, Gibbs T, Lloyd J, Brunzell J, Durrington P, Mitropoulos K, Betteridge J, Watts G, Lithell H, Angelico F, Humphries SE, Talmud PJ: Familial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency: a catalogue of LPL gene mutations identified in 20 patients from the UK, Sweden, and Italy. Hum Mutat. 1997;10(6):465-73. [PubMed ]
37. Zhang Q, Liu Y, Liu BW, Fan P, Cavanna J, Galton DJ: Common genetic variants of lipoprotein lipase and apolipoproteins AI-CIII that relate to coronary artery disease: a study in Chinese and European subjects. Mol Genet Metab. 1998 Jul;64(3):177-83. [PubMed ]
38. Nickerson DA, Taylor SL, Weiss KM, Clark AG, Hutchinson RG, Stengard J, Salomaa V, Vartiainen E, Boerwinkle E, Sing CF: DNA sequence diversity in a 9.7-kb region of the human lipoprotein lipase gene. Nat Genet. 1998 Jul;19(3):233-40. [PubMed ]
39. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed ]
40. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed ]

1. Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase
2. ACAT
3. Monocyte/macrophage serine esterase
4. HMSE
5. Serine esterase 1
6. Brain carboxylesterase hBr1
7. Triacylglycerol hydrolase
8. TGH
9. Egasyn

MWLRAFILATLSASAAWGHPSSPPVVDTVHGKVLGKFVSLEGFAQPVAIFLGIPFAKPPL
GPLRFTPPQPAEPWSFVKNATSYPPMCTQDPKAGQLLSELFTNRKENIPLKLSEDCLYLN
IYTPADLTKKNRLPVMVWIHGGGLMVGAASTYDGLALAAHENVVVVTIQYRLGIWGFFST
GDEHSRGNWGHLDQVAALRWVQDNIASFGGNPGSVTIFGESAGGESVSVLVLSPLAKNLF
HRAISESGVALTSVLVKKGDVKPLAEQIAITAGCKTTTSAVMVHCLRQKTEEELLETTLK
MKFLSLDLQGDPRESQPLLGTVIDGMLLLKTPEELQAERNFHTVPYMVGINKQEFGWLIP
MQLMSYPLSEGQLDQKTAMSLLWKSYPLVCIAKELIPEATEKYLGGTDDTVKKKDLFLDL
IADVMFGVPSVIVARNHRDAGAPTYMYEFQYRPSFSSDMKPKTVIGDHGDELFSVFGAPF
LKEGASEEEIRLSKMVMKFWANFARNGNPNGEGLPHWPEYNQKEGYLQIGANTQAAQKLK
DKEVAFWTNLFAKKAVEKPPQTEHIEL

• Alkaloid biosynthesis II (map00960 )

• A carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate

• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-18

ATGTGGCTCCGTGCCTTTATCCTGGCCACTCTCTCTGCTTCCGCGGCTTGGGGGCATCCG
TCCTCGCCACCTGTGGTGGACACCGTGCATGGCAAAGTGCTGGGGAAGTTCGTCAGCTTA
GAAGGATTTGCACAGCCTGTGGCCATTTTCCTGGGAATCCCTTTTGCCAAGCCGCCTCTT
GGACCCCTGAGGTTTACTCCACCGCAGCCTGCAGAACCATGGAGCTTTGTGAAGAATGCC
ACCTCGTACCCTCCTATGTGCACCCAAGATCCCAAGGCGGGGCAGTTACTCTCAGAGCTA
TTTACAAACCGAAAGGAGAACATTCCTCTCAAGCTTTCTGAAGACTGTCTTTACCTCAAT
ATTTACACTCCTGCTGACTTGACCAAGAAAAACAGGCTGCCGGTGATGGTGTGGATCCAC
GGAGGGGGGCTGATGGTGGGTGCGGCATCAACCTATGATGGGCTGGCCCTTGCTGCCCAT
GAAAACGTGGTGGTGGTGACCATTCAATATCGCCTGGGCATCTGGGGATTCTTCAGCACA
GGGGATGAACACAGCCGGGGGAACTGGGGTCACCTGGACCAGGTGGCTGCCCTGCGCTGG
GTCCAGGACAACATTGCCAGCTTTGGAGGGAACCCAGGCTCTGTGACCATCTTTGGAGAG
TCAGCGGGAGGAGAAAGTGTCTCTGTTCTTGTTTTGTCTCCATTGGCCAAGAACCTCTTC
CACCGGGCCATTTCTGAGAGTGGCGTGGCCCTCACTTCTGTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGGTGAT
GTCAAGCCCTTGGCTGAGCAAATTGCTATCACTGCTGGGTGCAAAACCACCACCTCTGCT
GTCATGGTTCACTGCCTGCGACAGAAGACGGAAGAGGAGCTCTTGGAGACGACATTGAAA
ATGAAATTCTTATCTCTGGACTTACAGGGAGACCCCAGAGAGAGTCAACCCCTTCTGGGC
ACTGTGATTGATGGGATGCTGCTGCTGAAAACACCTGAAGAGCTTCAAGCTGAAAGGAAT
TTCCACACTGTCCCCTACATGGTCGGAATTAACAAGCAGGAGTTTGGCTGGTTGATTCCA
ATGCAGTTGATGAGCTATCCACTCTCCGAAGGGCAACTGGACCAGAAGACAGCCATGTCA
CTCCTGTGGAAGTCCTATCCCCTTGTTTGCATTGCTAAGGAACTGATTCCAGAAGCCACT
GAGAAATACTTAGGAGGAACAGACGACACTGTCAAAAAGAAAGACCTGTTCCTGGACTTG
ATAGCAGATGTGATGTTTGGTGTCCCATCTGTGATTGTGGCCCGGAACCACAGAGATGCT
GGAGCACCCACCTACATGTATGAGTTTCAGTACCGTCCAAGCTTCTCATCAGACATGAAA
CCCAAGACGGTGATAGGAGACCACGGGGATGAGCTCTTCTCCGTCTTTGGGGCCCCATTT
TTAAAAGAGGGTGCCTCAGAAGAGGAGATCAGACTTAGCAAGATGGTGATGAAATTCTGG
GCCAACTTTGCTCGCAATGGAAACCCCAATGGGGAAGGGCTGCCCCACTGGCCAGAGTAC
AACCAGAAGGAAGGGTATCTGCAGATTGGTGCCAACACCCAGGCGGCCCAGAAGCTGAAG
GACAAAGAAGTAGCTTTCTGGACCAACCTCTTTGCCAAGAAGGCAGTGGAGAAGCCACCC
CAGACAGAACACATAGAGCTGTGA

1. Munger JS, Shi GP, Mark EA, Chin DT, Gerard C, Chapman HA: A serine esterase released by human alveolar macrophages is closely related to liver microsomal carboxylesterases. J Biol Chem. 1991 Oct 5;266(28):18832-8. [PubMed ]
2. Kroetz DL, McBride OW, Gonzalez FJ: Glycosylation-dependent activity of baculovirus-expressed human liver carboxylesterases: cDNA cloning and characterization of two highly similar enzyme forms. Biochemistry. 1993 Nov 2;32(43):11606-17. [PubMed ]
3. Shibata F, Takagi Y, Kitajima M, Kuroda T, Omura T: Molecular cloning and characterization of a human carboxylesterase gene. Genomics. 1993 Jul;17(1):76-82. [PubMed ]
4. Becker A, Bottcher A, Lackner KJ, Fehringer P, Notka F, Aslanidis C, Schmitz G: Purification, cloning, and expression of a human enzyme with acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase activity, which is identical to liver carboxylesterase. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994 Aug;14(8):1346-55. [PubMed ]
5. Ghosh S: Cholesteryl ester hydrolase in human monocyte/macrophage: cloning, sequencing, and expression of full-length cDNA. Physiol Genomics. 2000 Jan 24;2(1):1-8. [PubMed ]
6. Mori M, Hosokawa M, Ogasawara Y, Tsukada E, Chiba K: cDNA cloning, characterization and stable expression of novel human brain carboxylesterase. FEBS Lett. 1999 Sep 10;458(1):17-22. [PubMed ]
7. Long RM, Calabrese MR, Martin BM, Pohl LR: Cloning and sequencing of a human liver carboxylesterase isoenzyme. Life Sci. 1991;48(11):PL43-9. [PubMed ]
8. Zschunke F, Salmassi A, Kreipe H, Buck F, Parwaresch MR, Radzun HJ: cDNA cloning and characterization of human monocyte/macrophage serine esterase-1. Blood. 1991 Jul 15;78(2):506-12. [PubMed ]
9. Riddles PW, Richards LJ, Bowles MR, Pond SM: Cloning and analysis of a cDNA encoding a human liver carboxylesterase. Gene. 1991 Dec 15;108(2):289-92. [PubMed ]

1. CE-2
2. hCE-2

MRLHRLRARLSAVACGLLLLLVRGQGQDSASPIRTTHTGQVLGSLVHVKGANAGVQTFLG
IPFAKPPLGPLRFAPPEPPESWSGVRDGTTHPAMCLQDLTAVESEFLSQFNMTFPSDSMS
EDCLYLSIYTPAHSHEGSNLPVMVWIHGGALVFGMASLYDGSMLAALENVVVVIIQYRLG
VLGFFSTGDKHATGNWGYLDQVAALRWVQQNIAHFGGNPDRVTIFGESAGGTSVSSLVVS
PISQGLFHGAIMESGVALLPGLIASSADVISTVVANLSACDQVDSEALVGCLRGKSKEEI
LAINKPFKMIPGVVDGVFLPRHPQELLASADFQPVPSIVGVNNNEFGWLIPKVMRIYDTQ
KEMDREASQAALQKMLTLLMLPPTFGDLLREEYIGDNGDPQTLQAQFQEMMADSMFVIPA
LQVAHFQCSRAPVYFYEFQHQPSWLKNIRPPHMKADHGDELPFVFRSFFGGNYIKFTEEE
EQLSRKMMKYWANFARNGNPNGEGLPHWPLFDQEEQYLQLNLQPAVGRALKAHRLQFWKK
ALPQKIQELEEPEERHTEL

• Alkaloid biosynthesis II (map00960 )

• A carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate

• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-26

ATGCGGCTGCACAGACTTCGTGCGCGGCTGAGCGCGGTGGCCTGTGGGCTTCTGCTGCTT
CTTGTCCGGGGCCAGGGCCAGGACTCAGCCAGTCCCATCCGGACCACACACACGGGGCAG
GTGCTGGGGAGTCTTGTCCATGTGAAGGGCGCCAATGCCGGGGTCCAAACCTTCCTGGGA
ATTCCATTTGCCAAGCCACCTCTAGGTCCGCTGCGATTTGCACCCCCTGAGCCCCCTGAA
TCTTGGAGTGGTGTGAGGGATGGAACCACCCATCCGGCCATGTGTCTACAGGACCTCACC
GCAGTGGAGTCAGAGTTTCTTAGCCAGTTCAACATGACCTTCCCTTCCGACTCCATGTCT
GAGGACTGCCTGTACCTCAGCATCTACACGCCGGCCCATAGCCATGAAGGCTCTAACCTG
CCGGTGATGGTGTGGATCCACGGTGGTGCGCTTGTTTTTGGCATGGCTTCCTTGTATGAT
GGTTCCATGCTGGCTGCCTTGGAGAACGTGGTGGTGGTCATCATCCAGTACCGCCTGGGT
GTCCTGGGCTTCTTCAGCACTGGAGACAAGCACGCAACCGGCAACTGGGGCTACCTGGAC
CAAGTGGCTGCACTACGCTGGGTCCAGCAGAATATCGCCCACTTTGGAGGCAACCCTGAC
CGTGTCACCATTTTTGGCGAGTCTGCGGGTGGCACGAGTGTGTCTTCGCTTGTTGTGTCC
CCCATATCCCAAGGACTCTTCCACGGAGCCATCATGGAGAGTGGCGTGGCCCTCCTGCCC
GGCCTCATTGCCAGCTCAGCTGATGTCATCTCCACGGTGGTGGCCAACCTGTCTGCCTGT
GACCAAGTTGACTCTGAGGCCCTGGTGGGCTGCCTGCGGGGCAAGAGTAAAGAGGAGATT
CTTGCAATTAACAAGCCTTTCAAGATGATCCCCGGAGTGGTGGATGGGGTCTTCCTGCCC
AGGCACCCCCAGGAGCTGCTGGCCTCTGCCGACTTTCAGCCTGTCCCTAGCATTGTTGGT
GTCAACAACAATGAATTCGGCTGGCTCATCCCCAAGGTCATGAGGATCTATGATACCCAG
AAGGAAATGGACAGAGAGGCCTCCCAGGCTGCTCTGCAGAAAATGTTAACGCTGCTGATG
TTGCCTCCTACATTTGGTGACCTGCTGAGGGAGGAGTACATTGGGGACAATGGGGATCCC
CAGACCCTCCAAGCGCAGTTCCAGGAGATGATGGCGGACTCCATGTTTGTGATCCCTGCA
CTCCAAGTAGCACATTTTCAGTGTTCCCGGGCCCCTGTGTACTTCTACGAGTTCCAGCAT
CAGCCCAGCTGGCTCAAGAACATCAGGCCACCGCACATGAAGGCAGACCATGGTGATGAG
CTTCCTTTTGTTTTCAGAAGTTTCTTTGGGGGCAACTACATTAAATTCACTGAGGAAGAG
GAGCAGCTAAGCAGGAAGATGATGAAGTACTGGGCCAACTTTGCGAGAAATGGGAACCCC
AATGGCGAGGGTCTGCCACACTGGCCGCTGTTCGACCAGGAGGAGCAATACCTGCAGCTG
AACCTACAGCCTGCGGTGGGCCGGGCTCTGAAGGCCCACAGGCTCCAGTTCTGGAAGAAG
GCGCTGCCCCAAAAGATCCAGGAGCTCGAGGAGCCTGAAGAGAGACACACAGAGCTGTAG

1. Schwer H, Langmann T, Daig R, Becker A, Aslanidis C, Schmitz G: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel putative carboxylesterase, present in human intestine and liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Apr 7;233(1):117-20. [PubMed ]
2. Pindel EV, Kedishvili NY, Abraham TL, Brzezinski MR, Zhang J, Dean RA, Bosron WF: Purification and cloning of a broad substrate specificity human liver carboxylesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine and heroin. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 6;272(23):14769-75. [PubMed ]
3. Saito S, Iida A, Sekine A, Kawauchi S, Higuchi S, Ogawa C, Nakamura Y: Catalog of 680 variations among eight cytochrome p450 ( CYP) genes, nine esterase genes, and two other genes in the Japanese population. J Hum Genet. 2003;48(5):249-70. Epub 2003 Apr 29. [PubMed ]

1. Acylcholine acylhydrolase
2. Choline esterase II
3. Butyrylcholine esterase
4. Pseudocholinesterase

MHSKVTIICIRFLFWFLLLCMLIGKSHTEDDIIIATKNGKVRGMNLTVFGGTVTAFLGIP
YAQPPLGRLRFKKPQSLTKWSDIWNATKYANSCCQNIDQSFPGFHGSEMWNPNTDLSEDC
LYLNVWIPAPKPKNATVLIWIYGGGFQTGTSSLHVYDGKFLARVERVIVVSMNYRVGALG
FLALPGNPEAPGNMGLFDQQLALQWVQKNIAAFGGNPKSVTLFGESAGAASVSLHLLSPG
SHSLFTRAILQSGSFNAPWAVTSLYEARNRTLNLAKLTGCSRENETEIIKCLRNKDPQEI
LLNEAFVVPYGTPLSVNFGPTVDGDFLTDMPDILLELGQFKKTQILVGVNKDEGTAFLVY
GAPGFSKDNNSIITRKEFQEGLKIFFPGVSEFGKESILFHYTDWVDDQRPENYREALGDV
VGDYNFICPALEFTKKFSEWGNNAFFYYFEHRSSKLPWPEWMGVMHGYEIEFVFGLPLER
RDNYTKAEEILSRSIVKRWANFAKYGNPNETQNNSTSWPVFKSTEQKYLTLNTESTRIMT
KLRAQQCRFWTSFFPKVLEMTGNIDEAEWEWKAGFHRWNNYMMDWKNQFNDYTSKKESCV
GL

• An acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylate

• AChE_tetra (PF08674 )
• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-28

• 45-67

ATGCATAGCAAAGTCACAATCATATGCATCAGATTTCTCTTTTGGTTTCTTTTGCTCTGC
ATGCTTATTGGGAAGTCACATACTGAAGATGACATCATAATTGCAACAAAGAATGGAAAA
GTCAGAGGGATGAACTTGACAGTTTTTGGTGGCACGGTAACAGCCTTTCTTGGAATTCCC
TATGCACAGCCACCTCTTGGTAGACTTCGATTCAAAAAGCCACAGTCTCTGACCAAGTGG
TCTGATATTTGGAATGCCACAAAATATGCAAATTCTTGCTGTCAGAACATAGATCAAAGT
TTTCCAGGCTTCCATGGATCAGAGATGTGGAACCCAAACACTGACCTCAGTGAAGACTGT
TTATATCTAAATGTATGGATTCCAGCACCTAAACCAAAAAATGCCACTGTATTGATATGG
ATTTATGGTGGTGGTTTTCAAACTGGAACATCATCTTTACATGTTTATGATGGCAAGTTT
CTGGCTCGGGTTGAAAGAGTTATTGTAGTGTCAATGAACTATAGGGTGGGTGCCCTAGGA
TTCTTAGCTTTGCCAGGAAATCCTGAGGCTCCAGGGAACATGGGTTTATTTGATCAACAG
TTGGCTCTTCAGTGGGTTCAAAAAAATATAGCAGCCTTTGGTGGAAATCCTAAAAGTGTA
ACTCTCTTTGGAGAAAGTGCAGGAGCAGCTTCAGTTAGCCTGCATTTGCTTTCTCCTGGA
AGCCATTCATTGTTCACCAGAGCCATTCTGCAAAGTGGATCCTTTAATGCTCCTTGGGCG
GTAACATCTCTTTATGAAGCTAGGAACAGAACGTTGAACTTAGCTAAATTGACTGGTTGC
TCTAGAGAGAATGAGACTGAAATAATCAAGTGTCTTAGAAATAAAGATCCCCAAGAAATT
CTTCTGAATGAAGCATTTGTTGTCCCCTATGGGACTCCTTTGTCAGTAAACTTTGGTCCG
ACCGTGGATGGTGATTTTCTCACTGACATGCCAGACATATTACTTGAACTTGGACAATTT
AAAAAAACCCAGATTTTGGTGGGTGTTAATAAAGATGAAGGGACAGCTTTTTTAGTCTAT
GGTGCTCCTGGCTTCAGCAAAGATAACAATAGTATCATAACTAGAAAAGAATTTCAGGAA
GGTTTAAAAATATTTTTTCCAGGAGTGAGTGAGTTTGGAAAGGAATCCATCCTTTTTCAT
TACACAGACTGGGTAGATGATCAGAGACCTGAAAACTACCGTGAGGCCTTGGGTGATGTT
GTTGGGGATTATAATTTCATATGCCCTGCCTTGGAGTTCACCAAGAAGTTCTCAGAATGG
GGAAATAATGCCTTTTTCTACTATTTTGAACACCGATCCTCCAAACTTCCGTGGCCAGAA
TGGATGGGAGTGATGCATGGCTATGAAATTGAATTTGTCTTTGGTTTACCTCTGGAAAGA
AGAGATAATTACACAAAAGCCGAGGAAATTTTGAGTAGATCCATAGTGAAACGTTGGGCA
AATTTTGCAAAATATGGGAATCCAAATGAGACTCAGAACAATAGCACAAGCTGGCCTGTC
TTCAAAAGCACTGAACAAAAATATCTAACCTTGAATACAGAGTCAACAAGAATAATGACG
AAACTACGTGCTCAACAATGTCGATTCTGGACATCATTTTTTCCAAAAGTCTTGGAAATG
ACAGGAAATATTGATGAAGCAGAATGGGAGTGGAAAGCAGGATTCCATCGCTGGAACAAT
TACATGATGGACTGGAAAAATCAATTTAACGATTACACTAGCAAGAAAGAAAGTTGTGTG
GGTCTCTAA

1. Arpagaus M, Kott M, Vatsis KP, Bartels CF, La Du BN, Lockridge O: Structure of the gene for human butyrylcholinesterase. Evidence for a single copy. Biochemistry. 1990 Jan 9;29(1):124-31. [PubMed ]
2. Prody CA, Zevin-Sonkin D, Gnatt A, Goldberg O, Soreq H: Isolation and characterization of full-length cDNA clones coding for cholinesterase from fetal human tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(11):3555-9. [PubMed ]
3. McTiernan C, Adkins S, Chatonnet A, Vaughan TA, Bartels CF, Kott M, Rosenberry TL, La Du BN, Lockridge O: Brain cDNA clone for human cholinesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(19):6682-6. [PubMed ]
4. Lockridge O, Bartels CF, Vaughan TA, Wong CK, Norton SE, Johnson LL: Complete amino acid sequence of human serum cholinesterase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 15;262(2):549-57. [PubMed ]
5. Lockridge O, Adkins S, La Du BN: Location of disulfide bonds within the sequence of human serum cholinesterase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Sep 25;262(27):12945-52. [PubMed ]
6. Lockridge O: Structure of human serum cholinesterase. Bioessays. 1988 Oct;9(4):125-8. [PubMed ]
7. McGuire MC, Nogueira CP, Bartels CF, Lightstone H, Hajra A, Van der Spek AF, Lockridge O, La Du BN: Identification of the structural mutation responsible for the dibucaine-resistant (atypical) variant form of human serum cholinesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):953-7. [PubMed ]
8. Iida S, Kinoshita M, Fujii H, Moriyama Y, Nakamura Y, Yura N, Moriwaki K: Mutations of human butyrylcholinesterase gene in a family with hypocholinesterasemia. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(4):349-51. [PubMed ]

1. cPLA2-gamma
2. Phospholipase A2 group IVC

MGSSEVSIIPGLQKEEKAAVERRRLHVLKALKKLRIEADEAPVVAVLGSGGGLRAHIACL
GVLSEMKEQGLLDAVTYLAGVSGSTWAISSLYTNDGDMEALEADLKHRFTRQEWDLAKSL
QKTIQAARSENYSLTDFWAYMVISKQTRELPESHLSNMKKPVEEGTLPYPIFAAIDNDLQ
PSWQEARAPETWFEFTPHHAGFPALGAFVSITHFGSKFKKGRLVRTHPERDLTFLRGLWG
SALGNTEVIREYIFDQLRNLTLKGLWRRAVANAKSIGHLIFARLLRLQESSQGEHPPPED
EGGEPEHTWLTEMLENWTRTSLEKQEQPHEDPERKGSLSNLMDFVKKTGICASKWEWGTT
HNFLYKHGGIRDKIMSSRKHLHLVDAGLAINTPFPLVLPPTREVHLILSFDFSAGDPFET
IRATTDYCRRHKIPFPQVEEAELDLWSKAPASCYILKGETGPVVMHFPLFNIDACGGDIE
AWSDTYDTFKLADTYTLDVVVLLLALAKKNVRENKKKILRELMNVAGLYYPKDSARSCCL
A

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• PLA2_B (PF01735 )

• None

• None

ATGGGAAGCTCTGAAGTTTCCATAATTCCTGGGCTCCAGAAAGAAGAAAAGGCGGCCGTG
GAGAGACGAAGACTTCATGTGCTGAAAGCTCTGAAGAAGCTAAGGATTGAGGCTGATGAG
GCCCCAGTTGTTGCTGTGCTGGGCTCAGGCGGAGGACTGCGGGCTCACATTGCCTGCCTT
GGGGTCCTGAGTGAGATGAAAGAACAGGGCCTGTTGGATGCCGTCACGTACCTCGCAGGG
GTCTCTGGATCCACTTGGGCAATATCTTCTCTCTACACCAATGATGGTGACATGGAAGCT
CTCGAGGCTGACCTGAAACATCGATTTACCCGACAGGAGTGGGACTTGGCTAAGAGCCTA
CAGAAAACCATCCAAGCAGCGAGGTCTGAGAATTACTCTCTGACCGACTTCTGGGCCTAC
ATGGTTATCTCTAAGCAAACCAGAGAACTGCCGGAGTCTCATTTGTCCAATATGAAGAAG
CCCGTGGAAGAAGGGACACTACCCTACCCAATATTTGCAGCCATTGACAATGACCTGCAA
CCTTCCTGGCAGGAGGCAAGAGCACCAGAGACCTGGTTCGAGTTCACCCCTCACCACGCT
GGCTTCTCTGCACTGGGGGCCTTTGTTTCCATAACCCACTTCGGAAGCAAATTCAAGAAG
GGAAGACTGGTCAGAACTCACCCTGAGAGAGACCTGACTTTCCTGAGAGGTTTATGGGGA
AGTGCTCTTGGTAACACTGAAGTCATTAGGGAATACATTTTTGACCAGTTAAGGAATCTG
ACCCTGAAAGGTTTATGGAGAAGGGCTGTTGCTAATGCTAAAAGCATTGGACACCTTATT
TTTGCCCGATTACTGAGGCTGCAAGAAAGTTCACAAGGGGAACATCCTCCCCCAGAAGAT
GAAGGCGGTGAGCCTGAACACACCTGGCTGACTGAGATGCTCGAGAATTGGACCAGGACC
TCCCTGGAAAAGCAGGAGCAGCCCCATGAGGACCCCGAAAGGAAAGGCTCACTCAGTAAC
TTGATGGATTTTGTGAAGAAAACAGGCATTTGCGCTTCAAAGTGGGAATGGGGGACCACT
CACAACTTCCTGTACAAACACGGTGGCATCCGGGACAAGATAATGAGCAGCCGGAAGCAC
CTCCACCTGGTGGATGCTGGTTTAGCCATCAACACTCCCTTCCCACTCGTGCTGCCCCCG
ACGCGGGAGGTTCACCTCATCCTCTCCTTCGACTTCAGTGCCGGAGATCCTTTCGAGACC
ATCCGGGCTACCACTGACTACTGCCGCCGCCACAAGATCCCCTTTCCCCAAGTAGAAGAG
GCTGAGCTGGATTTGTGGTCCAAGGCCCCCGCCAGCTGCTACATCCTGAAAGGAGAAACT
GGACCAGTGGTGATACATTTTCCCCTGTTCAACATAGATGCCTGTGGAGGTGATATTGAG
GCATGGAGTGACACATACGACACATTCAAGCTTGCTGACACCTACACTCTAGATGTGGTG
GTGCTACTCTTGGCATTAGCCAAGAAGAATGTCAGGGAAAACAAGAAGAAGATCCTTAGA
GAGTTGATGAACGTGGCCGGGCTCTACTACCCGAAGGATAGTGCCCGAAGTTGCTGCTTG
GCATAG

1. Underwood KW, Song C, Kriz RW, Chang XJ, Knopf JL, Lin LL: A novel calcium-independent phospholipase A2, cPLA2-gamma, that is prenylated and contains homology to cPLA2. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21926-32. [PubMed ]
2. Pickard RT, Strifler BA, Kramer RM, Sharp JD: Molecular cloning of two new human paralogs of 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 26;274(13):8823-31. [PubMed ]

1. HSL

MEPGSKSVSRSDWQPEPHQRPITPLEPGPEKTPIAQPESKTLQGSNTQQKPASNQRPLTQ
QETPAQHDAESQKEPRAQQKSASQEEFLAPQKPAPQQSPYIQRVLLTQQEAASQQGPGLG
KESITQQEPALRQRHVAQPGPGPGEPPPAQQEAESTPAAQAKPGAKREPSAPTESTSQET
PEQSDKQTTPVQGAKSKQGSLTELGFLTKLQELSIQRSALEWKALSEWVTDSESESDVGS
SSDTDSPATMGGMVAQGVKLGFKGKSGYKVMSGYSGTSPHEKTSARNHRHYQDTASRLIH
NMDLRTMTQSLVTLAEDNIAFFSSQGPGETAQRLSGVFAGVREQALGLEPALGRLLGVAH
LFDLDPETPANGYRSLVHTARCCLAHLLHKSRYVASNRRSIFFRTSHNLAELEAYLAALT
QLRALVYYAQRLLVTNRPGVLFFEGDEGLTADFLREYVTLHKGCFYGRCLGFQFTPAIRP
FLQTISIGLVSFGEHYKRNETGLSVAASSLFTSGRFAIDPELRGAEFERITQNLDVHFWK
AFWNITEMEVLSSLANMASATVRVSRLLSLPPEAFEMPLTADPTLTVTISPPLAHTGPGP
VLVRLISYDLREGQDSEELSSLIKSNGQRSLELWPRPQQAPRSRSLIVHFHGGGFVAQTS
RSHEPYLKSWAQELGAPIISIDYSLAPEAPFPRALEECFFAYCWAIKHCALLGSTGERIC
LAGDSAGGNLCFTVALRAAAYGVRVPDGIMAAYPATMLQPAASPSRLLSLMDPLLPLSVL
SKCVSAYAGAKTEDHSNSDQKALGMMGLVRRDTALLLRDFRLGASSWLNSFLELSGRKSQ
KMSEPIAEPMRRSVSEAALAQPQGPLGTDSLKNLTLRDLSLRGNSETSSDTPEMSLSAET
LSPSTPSDVNFLLPPEDAGEEAEAKNELSPMDRGLGVRAAFPEGFHPRRSSQGATQMPLY
SSPIVKNPFMSPLLAPDSMLKSLPPVHIVACALDPMLDDSVMLARRLRNLGQPVTLRVVE
DLPHGFLTLAALCRETRQAAELCVERIRLVLTPPAGAGPSGETGAAGVDGGCGGRH

• (1) diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate
• (2) triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
• (3) monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate

• Abhydrolase_3 (PF07859 )
• HSL_N (PF06350 )

• None

• None

ATGGACCTGCGCACAATGACACAGTCGCTGGTGACTCTGGCGGAGGACAACATAGCCTTC
TTCTCGAGCCAGGGTCCTGGGGAAACGGCCCAGCGGCTGTCAGGCGTTTTTGCCGGTGTA
CGGGAGCAGGCGCTGGGGCTGGAGCCGGCCCTGGGCCGCCTGCTGGGTGTGGCGCACCTC
TTTGACCTGGACCCAGAGACACCGGCCAACGGGTACCGCAGCCTAGTGCACACAGCCCGC
TGCTGCCTGGCGCACCTCCTGCACAAATCCCGCTATGTGGCCTCCAACCGCCGCAGCATC
TTCTTCCGCACCAGCCACAACCTGGCCGAGCTGGAGGCCTACCTGGCTGCCCTCACCCAG
CTCCGCGCTCTGGTCTACTACGCCCAGCGCCTGCTGGTTACCAATCGGCCGGGGGTACTC
TTCTTTGAGGGCGACGAGGGGCTCACCGCCGACTTCCTCCGGGAGTATGTCACGCTGCAT
AAGGGATGCTTCTATGGCCGCTGCCTGGGCTTCCAGTTCACGCCTGCCATCCGGCCATTC
CTGCAGACCATCTCCATTGGGCTGGTGTCCTTCGGGGAGCACTACAAACGCAACGAGACA
GGCCTCAGTGTGGCCGCCAGCTCTCTCTTCACCAGCGGCCGCTTTGCCATCGACCCCGAG
CTGCGTGGGGCTGAGTTTGAGCGGATCACACAGAACCTGGACGTGCACTTCTGGAAAGCC
TTCTGGAACATCACCGAGATGGAAGTGCTATCGTCTCTGGCCAACATGGCATCGGCCACC
GTGAGGGTAAGCCGCCTGCTCAGCCTGCCACCCGAAGCCTTTGAGATGCCACTGACTGCC
GACCCCACGCTCACGGTCACCATCTCACCCCCACTGGCCCACACAGGCCCTGGGCCCGTC
CTCGTCAGGCTCATCTCCTATGACCTGCGTGAAGGACAGGACAGTGAGGAGCTCAGCAGC
CTGATAAAGTCCAACGGCCAACGGAGCCTGGAGCTGTGGCCGCGCCCCCAGCAGGCACCC
CGCTCGCGGTCCCTGATAGTGCACTTCCACGGCGGTGGCTTTGTGGCCCAGACCTCCAGA
TCCCACGAGCCCTACCTCAAGAGCTGGGCCCAGGAGCTGGGCGCCCCCATCATCTCCATC
GACTACTCCCTGGCCCCTGAGGCCCCCTTCCCCCGTGCGCTGGAGGAGTGCTTCTTCGCC
TACTGCTGGGCCATCAAGCACTGCGCCCTCCTTGGCTCAACAGGGGAACGAATCTGCCTT
GCGGGGGACAGTGCAGGCGGGAACCTCTGCTTCACCGTGGCTCTTCGGGCAGCAGCCTAC
GGGGTGCGGGTGCCAGATGGCATCATGGCAGCCTACCCGGCCACAATGCTGCAGCCTGCC
GCCTCTCCCTCCCGCCTGCTGAGCCTCATGGACCCCTTGCTGCCCCTCAGTGTGCTCTCC
AAGTGTGTCAGCGCCTATGCTGGTGCAAAGACGGAGGACCACTCCAACTCAGACCAGAAA
GCCCTCGGCATGATGGGGCTGGTGCGGCGGGACACAGCCCTGCTCCTCCGAGACTTCCGC
CTGGGTGCCTCCTCATGGCTCAACTCCTTCCTGGAGTTAAGTGGGCGCAAGTCCCAGAAG
ATGTCGGAGCCCATAGCAGAGCCGATGCGCCGCAGTGTGTCTGAAGCAGCACTGGCCCAG
CCCCAGGGCCCACTGGGCACGGATTCCCTCAAGAACCTGACCCTGAGGGACTTGAGCCTG
AGGGGAAACTCCGAGACGTCGTCGGACACCCCCGAGATGTCGCTGTCAGCTGAGACACTT
AGCCCCTCCACACCCTCCGATGTCAACTTCTTATTACCACCTGAGGATGCAGGGGAAGAG
GCTGAGGCCAAAAATGAGCTGAGCCCCATGGACAGAGGCCTGGGCGTCCGTGCCGCCTTC
CCCGAGGGTTTCCACCCCCGACGCTCCAGCCAGGGTGCCACACAGATGCCCCTCTACTCC
TCACCCATAGTCAAGAACCCCTTCATGTCGCCGCTGCTGGCACCCGACAGCATGCTCAAG
AGCCTGCCACCTGTGCACATCGTGGCGTGCGCGCTGGACCCCATGCTGGACGACTCGGTC
ATGCTCGCGCGGCGACTGCGCAACCTGGGCCAGCCGGTGACGCTGCGCGTGGTGGAGGAC
CTGCCGCACGGCTTCCTGACCCTAGCGGCGCTGTGCCGCGAGACGCGCCAGGCCGCAGAG
CTGTGCGTGGAGCGCATCCGCCTCGTCCTCACTCCTCCCGCCGGAGCCGGGCCGAGCGGG
GAGACGGGGGCTGCGGGGGTAGACGGGGGCTGCGGGGGGCGACACTAA

1. Langin D, Laurell H, Holst LS, Belfrage P, Holm C: Gene organization and primary structure of human hormone-sensitive lipase: possible significance of a sequence homology with a lipase of Moraxella TA144, an antarctic bacterium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 1;90(11):4897-901. [PubMed ]
2. Holst LS, Langin D, Mulder H, Laurell H, Grober J, Bergh A, Mohrenweiser HW, Edgren G, Holm C: Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and expression of a testicular isoform of hormone-sensitive lipase. Genomics. 1996 Aug 1;35(3):441-7. [PubMed ]

1. Group III secretory phospholipase A2
2. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIII
3. GIII sPLA2

MGVQAGLFGMLGFLGVALGGSPALRWYRTSCHLTKAVPGNPLGYLSFLAKDAQGLALIHA
RWDAHRRLQACSWEDEPELTAAYGALCAHETAWGSFIHTPGPELQRALATLQSQWEACRA
LEESPAGARKKRAAGQSGVPGGGHQREKRGWTMPGTLWCGVGDSAGNSSELGVFQGPDLC
CREHDRCPQNISPLQYNYGIRNYRFHTISHCDCDTRFQQCLQNQHDSISDIVGVAFFNVL
EIPCFVLEEQEACVAWYWWGGCRMYGTVPLARLQPRTFYNASWSSRATSPTPSSRSPAPP
KPRQKQHLRKGPPHQKGSKRPSKANTTALQDPMVSPRLDVAPTGLQGPQGGLKPQGARWV
CRSFRRHLDQCEHQIGPREIEFQLLNSAQEPLFHCNCTRRLARFLRLHSPPEVTNMLWEL
LGTTCFKLAPPLDCVEGKNCSRDPRAIRVSARHLRRLQQRRHQLQDKGTDERQPWPSEPL
RGPMSFYNQCLQLTQAARRPDRQQKSWSQ

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

• Phospholip_A2_2 (PF05826 )

• 1-19

ATGGGGGTTCAGGCAGGGCTGTTTGGGATGCTGGGCTTCCTGGGGGTGGCCCTGGGGGGC
TCCCCTGCCCTCCGCTGGTACAGGACCTCCTGCCACTTGACCAAGGCCGTCCCTGGCAAC
CCACTGGGGTACCTGAGCTTCCTGGCCAAGGATGCTCAGGGACTGGCCCTGATCCATGCC
CGCTGGGATGCGCATAGGAGGCTGCAGGCATGTAGCTGGGAGGATGAGCCGGAGCTCACC
GCAGCCTACGGTGCTCTCTGTGCTCATGAGACTGCCTGGGGCTCCTTCATCCACACCCCC
GGACCCGAGCTGCAGAGAGCACTGGCCACTCTTCAGAGTCAGTGGGAGGCATGCCGAGCG
CTTGAGGAGAGTCCAGCAGGGGCCAGGAAGAAGCGAGCAGCAGGGCAGAGTGGAGTCCCT
GGTGGAGGGCACCAGCGAGAGAAGAGAGGATGGACCATGCCTGGCACACTGTGGTGTGGA
GTTGGAGATTCTGCTGGGAACTCCTCGGAGCTGGGGGTCTTCCAGGGACCTGATCTCTGT
TGCCGGGAACATGACCGCTGCCCACAGAACATCTCACCCTTGCAGTACAACTATGGCATC
CGAAACTACCGATTCCACACCATCTCCCACTGTGACTGTGACACCAGGTTTCAGCAATGC
CTACAGAATCAGCACGACTCCATCTCGGACATCGTGGGCGTGGCCTTCTTCAACGTGCTG
GAGATCCCCTGCTTTGTGCTGGAGGAGCAGGAGGCGTGTGTGGCGTGGTACTGGTGGGGC
GGGTGTAGGATGTACGGCACAGTGCCCCTCGCTCGCCTGCAGCCCAGGACCTTCTACAAT
GCCTCCTGGAGCTCCCGGGCCACCTCCCCAACTCCCAGCTCCCGGAGCCCAGCCCCTCCC
AAGCCTCGACAGAAGCAGCACCTTCGGAAGGGGCCACCACATCAGAAAGGGTCCAAGCGC
CCCAGCAAAGCCAACACCACAGCCCTCCAGGACCCTATGGTCTCTCCCAGGCTTGATGTG
GCCCCCACAGGCCTCCAGGGCCCACAGGGTGGCCTAAAACCTCAGGGTGCCCGCTGGGTC
TGCCGCAGCTTCCGCCGCCACCTGGACCAGTGTGAGCACCAGATTGGGCCCCGGGAAATC
GAGTTCCAGCTGCTCAACAGCGCCCAAGAGCCCCTCTTCCACTGCAACTGCACGCGCCGT
CTGGCACGCTTCCTGAGGCTCCACAGCCCACCCGAGGTTACCAACATGCTTTGGGAGCTG
CTGGGCACAACCTGCTTCAAGCTGGCCCCTCCACTGGACTGTGTGGAAGGCAAAAACTGT
TCCAGAGACCCTAGGGCCATCAGGGTGTCAGCCCGGCACTTGCGGAGGCTTCAGCAGAGG
CGACACCAGCTCCAGGATAAAGGCACAGATGAGAGGCAGCCATGGCCTTCAGAGCCCCTG
AGAGGCCCCATGTCATTCTACAACCAGTGCCTGCAGCTAACCCAGGCAGCCAGGAGACCC
GACAGGCAGCAGAAGTCCTGGAGCCAGTGA

1. Valentin E, Ghomashchi F, Gelb MH, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Novel human secreted phospholipase A(2) with homology to the group III bee venom enzyme. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 17;275(11):7492-6. [PubMed ]
2. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]

1. BAT
2. BACAT
3. Glycine N-choloyltransferase
4. Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA hydrolase

MIQLTATPVSALVDEPVHIRATGLIPFQMVSFQASLEDENGDMFYSQAHYRANEFGEVDL
NHASSLGGDYMGVHPMGLFWSLKPEKLLTRLLKRDVMNRPFQVQVKLYDLELIVNNKVAS
APKASLTLERWYVAPGVTRIKVREGRLRGALFLPPGEGLFPGVIDLFGGLGGLLEFRASL
LASRGFASLALAYHNYEDLPRKPEVTDLEYFEEAANFLLRHPKVFGSGVGVVSVCQGVQI
GLSMAIYLKQVTATVLINGTNFPFGIPQVYHGQIHQPLPHSAQLISTNALGLLELYRTFE
TTQVGASQYLFPIEEAQGQFLFIVGEGDKTINSKAHAEQAIGQLKRHGKNNWTLLSYPGA
GHLIEPPYSPLCCASTTHDLRLHWGGEVIPHAAAQEHAWKEIQRFLRKHLIPDVTSQL

• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )
• Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism (map00430 )

• palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate

• BAAT_C (PF08840 )
• Bile_Hydr_Trans (PF04775 )

• None

• None

ATGATCCAGTTGACAGCTACCCCTGTGAGTGCACTTGTTGATGAGCCAGTGCATATCCGA
GCTACAGGCCTGATTCCCTTTCAGATGGTGAGTTTTCAGGCATCACTGGAAGATGAAAAC
GGAGACATGTTTTATTCTCAAGCCCACTATAGGGCCAATGAATTCGGTGAGGTGGACCTG
AATCATGCTTCTTCACTTGGAGGGGATTATATGGGAGTCCACCCCATGGGTCTCTTCTGG
TCTCTGAAACCTGAAAAGCTATTAACAAGACTGTTGAAAAGAGATGTGATGAATAGGCCT
TTCCAGGTCCAAGTAAAACTTTATGACTTAGAGTTAATAGTGAACAATAAAGTTGCCAGT
GCTCCAAAGGCCAGCCTGACTTTGGAGAGGTGGTATGTGGCACCTGGTGTCACACGAATT
AAGGTTCGAGAAGGCCGCCTTCGAGGAGCTCTCTTTCTCCCTCCAGGAGAGGGTCTCTTC
CCAGGGGTAATTGATTTGTTTGGTGGTTTGGGTGGGCTGCTTGAATTTCGGGCCAGCCTC
CTAGCCAGTCGTGGCTTCGCCTCCTTGGCCTTGGCTTACCATAACTATGAAGACCTGCCC
CGCAAACCAGAAGTAACAGATTTGGAATATTTTGAGGAGGCTGCCAACTTTCTCCTGAGA
CATCCAAAGGTCTTTGGCTCAGGCGTTGGGGTAGTCTCTGTATGTCAAGGAGTACAGATT
GGACTATCTATGGCTATTTACCTAAAGCAAGTCACAGCCACGGTACTTATTAATGGGACC
AACTTTCCTTTTGGCATTCCACAGGTATATCATGGTCAGATCCATCAGCCCCTTCCCCAT
TCTGCACAATTAATATCCACCAATGCCTTGGGGTTACTAGAGCTCTATCGCACTTTTGAG
ACAACTCAAGTTGGGGCCAGTCAATATTTGTTTCCTATTGAAGAGGCCCAGGGGCAATTC
CTCTTCATTGTAGGAGAAGGTGATAAGACTATCAACAGCAAAGCACACGCTGAACAAGCC
ATAGGACAGCTGAAGAGACATGGGAAGAACAACTGGACCCTGCTATCTTACCCTGGGGCA
GGCCACCTGATAGAACCTCCCTATTCTCCTCTGTGCTGTGCCTCAACGACCCACGATTTG
AGGTTACACTGGGGAGGAGAGGTGATCCCACACGCAGCTGCACAGGAACATGCTTGGAAG
GAGATCCAGAGATTTCTCAGGAAGCACCTCATTCCAGATGTGACCAGTCAACTCTAA

1. Falany CN, Johnson MR, Barnes S, Diasio RB: Glycine and taurine conjugation of bile acids by a single enzyme. Molecular cloning and expression of human liver bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jul 29;269(30):19375-9. [PubMed ]
2. Carlton VE, Harris BZ, Puffenberger EG, Batta AK, Knisely AS, Robinson DL, Strauss KA, Shneider BL, Lim WA, Salen G, Morton DH, Bull LN: Complex inheritance of familial hypercholanemia with associated mutations in TJP2 and BAAT. Nat Genet. 2003 May;34(1):91-6. [PubMed ]

1. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 2
2. Acylphosphatase, muscle type isozyme

MSTAQSLKSVDYEVFGRVQGVCFRMYTEDEARKIGVVGWVKNTSKGTVTGQVQGPEDKVN
SMKSWLSKVGSPSSRIDRTNFSNEKTISKLEYSNFSIRY

• Benzoate Degradation via CoA Ligation (map00632 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pyruvate Metabolism (map00620 )

• An acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate

• Acylphosphatase (PF00708 )

• None

• None

ATGTCTACCGCCCAGTCACTCAAATCCGTGGACTACGAGGTGTTCGGAAGAGTGCAGGGT
GTTTGCTTCAGAATGTATACAGAAGATGAAGCTAGGAAAATAGGAGTGGTTGGCTGGGTG
AAGAATACCAGCAAAGGCACCGTGACAGGCCAAGTGCAGGGGCCAGAAGACAAAGTCAAT
TCCATGAAGTCCTGGCTGAGCAAGGTTGGAAGCCCTAGTTCTCGCATTGACCGCACAAAC
TTTTCTAATGAAAAAACCATCTCTAAGCTTGAATACTCTAATTTTAGTATTAGATACTAA

1. Manao G, Camici G, Modesti A, Liguri G, Berti A, Stefani M, Cappugi G, Ramponi G: Human skeletal muscle acylphosphatase: the primary structure. Mol Biol Med. 1984 Dec;2(6):369-78. [PubMed ]
2. Chiarugi P, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Fiaschi T, Ciccarelli C, Berti A, Ramponi G: Differential modulation of expression of the two acylphosphatase isoenzymes by thyroid hormone. Biochem J. 1995 Oct 15;311 ( Pt 2):567-73. [PubMed ]

1. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 1
2. Acylphosphatase, organ-common type isozyme
3. Acylphosphatase, erythrocyte isozyme

MAEGNTLISVDYEIFGKVQGVFFRKHTQAEGKKLGLVGWVQNTDRGTVQGQLQGPISKVR
HMQEWLETRGSPKSHIDKANFNNEKVILKLDYSDFQIVK

• Benzoate Degradation via CoA Ligation (map00632 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pyruvate Metabolism (map00620 )

• An acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate

• Acylphosphatase (PF00708 )

• None

• None

ATGGCAGAGGGAAACACCCTGATATCAGTGGATTATGAAATTTTTGGGAAGGTGCAAGGG
GTGTTTTTCCGTAAGCATACTCAGGCTGAGGGTAAAAAGCTGGGATTGGTAGGCTGGGTC
CAGAACACTGACCGGGGCACAGTGCAAGGACAATTGCAAGGTCCAATCTCCAAGGTGCGT
CATATGCAGGAATGGCTTGAAACAAGAGGAAGTCCTAAATCACACATCGACAAAGCAAAC
TTCAACAATGAAAAAGTCATCTTGAAGTTGGATTACTCAGACTTCCAAATTGTAAAATAA

1. Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Weissenbach J: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):601-7. Epub 2003 Jan 1. [PubMed ]
2. Liguri G, Camici G, Manao G, Cappugi G, Nassi P, Modesti A, Ramponi G: A new acylphosphatase isoenzyme from human erythrocytes: purification, characterization, and primary structure. Biochemistry. 1986 Dec 2;25(24):8089-94. [PubMed ]
3. Fiaschi T, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Chiarugi P, Cirri P, Ramponi G: Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for the erythrocyte isoenzyme of human acylphosphatase. FEBS Lett. 1995 Jun 26;367(2):145-8. [PubMed ]

1. N-acyl-L-amino-acid amidohydrolase
2. ACY-1

MTSKGPEEEHPSVTLFRQYLRIRTVQPKPDYGAAVAFFEETARQLGLGCQKVEVAPGYVV
TVLTWPGTNPTLSSILLNSHTDVVPVFKEHWSHDPFEAFKDSEGYIYARGAQDMKCVSIQ
YLEAVRRLKVEGHRFPRTIHMTFVPDEEVGGHQGMELFVQRPEFHALRAGFALDEGIANP
TDAFTVFYSERSPWWVRVTSTGRPGHASRFMEDTAAEKLHKVVNSILAFREKEWQRLQSN
PHLKEGSVTSVNLTKLEGGVAYNVIPATMSASFDFRVAPDVDFKAFEEQLQSWCQAAGEG
VTLEFAQKWMHPQVTPTDDSNPWWAAFSRVCKDMNLTLEPEIMPAATDNRYIRAVGVPAL
GFSPMNRTPVLLHDHDERLHEAVFLRGVDIYTRLLPALASVPALPSDS

• An N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid

• M20_dimer (PF07687 )
• Peptidase_M20 (PF01546 )

• None

• None

ATGACCAGCAAGGGTCCCGAGGAGGAGCACCCATCGGTGACGCTCTTCCGCCAGTACCTG
CGTATCCGCACTGTCCAGCCCAAGCCTGACTATGGAGCTGCTGTGGCTTTCTTTGAGGAG
ACAGCCCGCCAGCTGGGCCTGGGCTGTCAGAAAGTAGAGGTGGCACCTGGCTATGTGGTG
ACCGTGTTGACCTGGCCAGGCACCAACCCTACACTCTCCTCCATCTTGCTCAACTCCCAC
ACGGATGTGGTGCCTGTCTTCAAGGAACATTGGAGTCACGACCCCTTTGAGGCCTTCAAG
GATTCTGAGGGCTACATCTATGCCAGGGGTGCCCAGGACATGAAGTGCGTCAGCATCCAG
TACCTGGAAGCTGTGAGGAGGCTGAAGGTGGAGGGCCACCGGTTCCCCAGAACCATCCAC
ATGACCTTTGTGCCTGATGAGGAGGTTGGGGGTCACCAAGGCATGGAGCTGTTCGTGCAG
CGGCCTGAGTTCCACGCCCTGAGGGCAGGCTTTGCCCTGGATGAGGGCATAGCCAATCCC
ACTGATGCCTTCACTGTCTTTTATAGTGAGCGGAGTCCCTGGTGGGTGCGGGTTACCAGC
ACTGGGAGGCCAGGCCATGCCTCACGCTTCATGGAGGACACAGCAGCAGAGAAGCTGCAC
AAGGTTGTAAACTCCATCCTGGCATTCCGGGAGAAGGAATGGCAGAGGCTGCAGTCAAAC
CCCCACCTGAAAGAGGGGTCCGTGACCTCCGTGAACCTGACTAAGCTAGAGGGTGGCGTG
GCCTATAACGTGATACCTGCCACCATGAGCGCCAGCTTTGACTTCCGTGTGGCACCGGAT
GTGGACTTCAAGGCTTTTGAGGAGCAGCTGCAGAGCTGGTGCCAGGCAGCTGGCGAGGGG
GTCACCCTAGAGTTTGCTCAGAAGTGGATGCACCCCCAAGTGACACCTACTGATGACTCA
AACCCTTGGTGGGCAGCTTTTAGCCGGGTCTGCAAGGATATGAACCTCACTCTGGAGCCT
GAGATCATGCCTGCTGCCACTGACAACCGCTATATCCGCGCGGTGGGGGTCCCAGCTCTA
GGCTTCTCACCCATGAACCGCACACCTGTGCTGCTGCACGACCACGATGAACGGCTGCAT
GAGGCTGTGTTCCTCCGTGGGGTGGACATATATACACGCCTGCTGCCTGCCCTTGCCAGT
GTGCCTGCCCTGCCCAGTGACAGCTGA

1. Mitta M, Kato I, Tsunasawa S: The nucleotide sequence of human aminoacylase-1. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Aug 19;1174(2):201-3. [PubMed ]
2. Cook RM, Burke BJ, Buchhagen DL, Minna JD, Miller YE: Human aminoacylase-1. Cloning, sequence, and expression analysis of a chromosome 3p21 gene inactivated in small cell lung cancer. J Biol Chem. 1993 Aug 15;268(23):17010-7. [PubMed ]

1. Aminoacylase-2
2. ACY-2

MTSCHIAEEHIQKVAIFGGTHGNELTGVFLVKHWLENGAEIQRTGLEVKPFITNPRAVKK
CTRYIDCDLNRIFDLENLGKKMSEDLPYEVRRAQEINHLFGPKDSEDSYDIIFDLHNTTS
NMGCTLILEDSRNNFLIQMFHYIKTSLAPLPCYVYLIEHPSLKYATTRSIAKYPVGIEVG
PQPQGVLRADILDQMRKMIKHALDFIHHFNEGKEFPPCAIEVYKIIEKVDYPRDENGEIA
AIIHPNLQDQDWKPLHPGDPMFLTLDGKTIPLGGDCTVYPVFVNEAAYYEKKEAFAKTTK
LTLNAKSIRCCLH

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate

• AstE_AspA (PF04952 )

• None

• None

ATGACTTCTTGTCACATTGCTGAAGAACATATACAAAAGGTTGCTATCTTTGGAGGAACC
CATGGGAATGAGCTAACCGGAGTATTTCTGGTTAAGCATTGGCTAGAGAATGGCGCTGAG
ATTCAGAGAACAGGGCTGGAGGTAAAACCATTTATTACTAACCCCAGAGCAGTGAAGAAG
TGTACCAGATATATTGACTGTGACCTGAATCGCATTTTTGACCTTGAAAATCTTGGCAAA
AAAATGTCAGAAGATTTGCCATATGAAGTGAGAAGGGCTCAAGAAATAAATCATTTATTT
GGTCCAAAAGACAGTGAAGATTCCTATGACATTATTTTTGACCTTCACAACACCACCTCT
AACATGGGGTGCACTCTTATTCTTGAGGATTCCAGGAATAACTTTTTAATTCAGATGTTT
CATTACATTAAGACTTCTCTGGCTCCACTACCCTGCTACGTTTATCTGATTGAGCATCCT
TCCCTCAAATATGCGACCACTCGTTCCATAGCCAAGTATCCTGTGGGTATAGAAGTTGGT
CCTCAGCCTCAAGGGGTTCTGAGAGCTGATATCTTGGATCAAATGAGAAAAATGATTAAA
CATGCTCTTGATTTTATACATCATTTCAATGAAGGAAAAGAATTTCCTCCCTGCGCCATT
GAGGTCTATAAAATTATAGAGAAAGTTGATTACCCCCGGGATGAAAATGGAGAAATTGCT
GCTATCATCCATCCTAATCTGCAGGATCAAGACTGGAAACCACTGCATCCTGGGGATCCC
ATGTTTTTAACTCTTGATGGGAAGACGATCCCACTGGGCGGAGACTGTACCGTGTACCCC
GTGTTTGTGAATGAGGCCGCATATTACGAAAAGAAAGAAGCTTTTGCAAAGACAACTAAA
CTAACGCTCAATGCAAAAAGTATTCGCTGCTGTTTACATTAG

1. Kaul R, Gao GP, Balamurugan K, Matalon R: Cloning of the human aspartoacylase cDNA and a common missense mutation in Canavan disease. Nat Genet. 1993 Oct;5(2):118-23. [PubMed ]
2. Moore RA, Le Coq J, Faehnle CR, Viola RE: Purification and preliminary characterization of brain aspartoacylase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 May 1;413(1):1-8. [PubMed ]
3. Kaul R, Gao GP, Aloya M, Balamurugan K, Petrosky A, Michals K, Matalon R: Canavan disease: mutations among Jewish and non-jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jul;55(1):34-41. [PubMed ]
4. Shaag A, Anikster Y, Christensen E, Glustein JZ, Fois A, Michelakakis H, Nigro F, Pronicka E, Ribes A, Zabot MT, et al.: The molecular basis of canavan (aspartoacylase deficiency) disease in European non-Jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Sep;57(3):572-80. [PubMed ]
5. Kaul R, Gao GP, Michals K, Whelan DT, Levin S, Matalon R: Novel (cys152 > arg) missense mutation in an Arab patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):269-71. [PubMed ]
6. Kobayashi K, Tsujino S, Ezoe T, Hamaguchi H, Nihei K, Sakuragawa N: Missense mutation (I143T) in a Japanese patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S308-9. [PubMed ]
7. Rady PL, Vargas T, Tyring SK, Matalon R, Langenbeck U: Novel missense mutation (Y231C) in a turkish patient with canavan disease. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Nov 26;87(3):273-5. [PubMed ]
8. Sistermans EA, de Coo RF, van Beerendonk HM, Poll-The BT, Kleijer WJ, van Oost BA: Mutation detection in the aspartoacylase gene in 17 patients with Canavan disease: four new mutations in the non-Jewish population. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Jul;8(7):557-60. [PubMed ]
9. Zeng BJ, Wang ZH, Ribeiro LA, Leone P, De Gasperi R, Kim SJ, Raghavan S, Ong E, Pastores GM, Kolodny EH: Identification and characterization of novel mutations of the aspartoacylase gene in non-Jewish patients with Canavan disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Nov;25(7):557-70. [PubMed ]
10. Olsen TR, Tranebjaerg L, Kvittingen EA, Hagenfeldt L, Moller C, Nilssen O: Two novel aspartoacylase gene (ASPA) missense mutations specific to Norwegian and Swedish patients with Canavan disease. J Med Genet. 2002 Sep;39(9):e55. [PubMed ]

1. Aminoacylase-3
2. ACY-3
3. Acylase III
4. Hepatitis C virus core-binding protein 1
5. HCBP1

MCSLPVPREPLRRVAVTGGTHGNEMSGVYLARHWLHAPAELQRASFSAVPVLANPAATSG
CRRYVDHDLNRTFTSSFLNSRPTPDDPYEVTRARELNQLLGPKASGQAFDFVLDLHNTTA
NMGTCLIAKSSHEVFAMHLCRHLQLQYPELSCQVFLYQRSGEESYNLDSVAKNGLGLELG
PQPQGVLRADIFSRMRTLVATVLDFIELFNQGTAFPAFEMEAYRPVGVVDFPRTEAGHLA
GTVHPQLQDRDFQPLQPGAPIFQMFSGEDLLYEGESTVYPVFINEAAYYEKGVAFVQTEK
FTFTVPAMPALTPAPSPAS

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate

• AstE_AspA (PF04952 )

• None

• None

ATGTGCTCACTGCCTGTGCCCCGGGAGCCCCTGCGTCGCGTGGCTGTGACTGGGGGCACG
CATGGCAACGAGATGTCGGGCGTCTACCTGGCCCGGCACTGGCTGCATGCCCCCGCAGAG
CTGCAGAGAGCCAGCTTCTCCGCTGTGCCTGTGCTGGCCAACCCGGCAGCCACATCCGGC
TGCCGCCGCTACGTGGACCATGACCTCAACCGCACCTTCACCAGCAGCTTCCTCAATTCC
AGGCCCACCCCGGACGACCCATATGAGGTGACAAGAGCCCGAGAGCTGAACCAGCTGCTG
GGGCCCAAGGCCTCGGGCCAGGCCTTTGACTTTGTCCTTGACCTGCACAACACCACGGCC
AACATGGGCACCTGCTTAATCGCGAAGTCCTCCCACGAAGTCTTTGCCATGCACCTGTGC
CGCCATCTGCAGCTGCAGTACCCCGAGCTGTCCTGCCAGGTCTTCCTGTACCAGCGGTCT
GGGGAGGAGAGCTACAACCTGGACTCTGTGGCCAAAAATGGACTGGGTCTGGAGCTGGGC
CCCCAGCCACAGGGTGTGCTGCGGGCTGACATTTTCTCAAGGATGAGGACCCTGGTGGCC
ACAGTTCTGGACTTCATCGAACTCTTCAACCAGGGTACGGCCTTTCCTGCCTTTGAGATG
GAAGCCTATAGACCCGTGGGCGTCGTGGACTTCCCCCGCACCGAGGCCGGGCACCTGGCA
GGCACTGTGCATCCTCAGCTGCAGGACCGAGACTTCCAGCCACTGCAGCCTGGTGCTCCC
ATCTTCCAGATGTTCAGTGGGGAGGACCTGCTCTATGAGGGAGAGTCCACGGTGTACCCC
GTGTTCATTAACGAGGCTGCCTACTATGAGAAGGGCGTTGCCTTTGTCCAGACTGAGAAG
TTCACATTCACCGTGCCTGCCATGCCCGCGCTGACCCCTGCCCCGAGCCCAGCTTCCTAA

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4
2. LACS 4

MKLKLNVLTIILLPVHLLITIYSALIFIPWYFLTNAKKKNAMAKRIKAKPTSDKPGSPYR
SVTHFDSLAVIDIPGADTLDKLFDHAVSKFGKKDSLGTREILSEENEMQPNGKVFKKLIL
GNYKWMNYLEVNRRVNNFGSGLTALGLKPKNTIAIFCETRAEWMIAAQTCFKYNFPLVTL
YATLGKEAVVHGLNESEASYLITSVELLESKLKTALLDISCVKHIIYVDNKAINKAEYPE
GFEIHSMQSVEELGSNPENLGIPPSRPTPSDMAIVMYTSGSTGRPKGVMMHHSNLIAGMT
GQCERIPGLGPKDTYIGYLPLAHVLELTAEISCFTYGCRIGYSSPLTLSDQSSKIKKGSK
GDCTVLKPTLMAAVPEIMDRIYKNVMSKVQEMNYIQKTLFKIGYDYKLEQIKKGYDAPLC
NLLLFKKVKALLGGNVRMMLSGGAPLSPQTHRFMNVCFCCPIGQGYGLTESCGAGTVTEV
TDYTTGRVGAPLICCEIKLKDWQEGGYTINDKPNPRGEIVIGGQNISMGYFKNEEKTAED
YSVDENGQRWFCTGDIGEFHPDGCLQIIDRKKDLVKLQAGEYVSLGKVEAALKNCPLIDN
ICAFAKSDQSYVISFVVPNQKRLTLLAQQKGVEGTWVDICNNPAMEAEILKEIREAANAM
KLERFEIPIKVRLSPEPWTPETGLVTDAFKLKRKELRNHYLKDIERMYGGK

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• 1-23

ATGGCAAAGAGAATAAAAGCTAAGCCCACTTCAGACAAACCTGGAAGTCCATATCGCTCT
GTCACACACTTCGACTCACTAGCTGTAATAGACATCCCTGGAGCAGATACTCTGGATAAA
TTATTTGACCATGCTGTATCCAAGTTTGGGAAGAAGGACAGCCTTGGGACCAGGGAAATC
CTAAGTGAAGAAAATGAAATGCAGCCAAATGGAAAAGTTTTTAAGAAGTTAATTCTTGGG
AATTATAAATGGATGAACTATCTTGAAGTGAATCGCAGAGTGAATAACTTTGGTAGTGGA
CTCACTGCACTGGGACTAAAACCAAAGAACACCATTGCCATCTTCTGTGAGACCAGGGCC
GAATGGATGATTGCAGCACAGACCTGCTTTAAGTACAACTTTCCTCTTGTGACTTTATAT
GCCACACTTGGCAAAGAAGCAGTAGTTCATGGGCTAAATGAATCTGAGGCTTCCTATCTG
ATTACCAGTGTTGAACTTCTGGAAAGTAAACTTAAGACTGCATTGTTAGATATCAGTTGT
GTTAAACATATCATTTATGTGGACAATAAGGCTATCAATAAAGCAGAGTACCCTGAAGGA
TTTGAGATTCACAGCATGCAATCAGTAGAAGAGTTGGGATCTAACCCAGAAAACTTGGGC
ATTCCTCCAAGTAGACCAACGCCTTCAGACATGGCCATTGTTATGTATACTAGTGGTTCT
ACTGGCCGACCTAAGGGAGTGATGATGCATCATAGCAATTTGATAGCTGGAATGACAGGC
CAGTGTGAAAGAATACCTGGACTGGGACCGAAGGACACATATATTGGCTACTTGCCTTTG
GCTCATGTGCTAGAACTGACAGCAGAGATATCTTGCTTTACCTATGGCTGCAGGATTGGA
TATTCTTCTCCGCTTACACTCTCTGACCAGTCCAGCAAAATTAAAAAAGGAAGCAAAGGA
GACTGTACTGTACTGAAGCCCACACTTATGGCTGCTGTTCCGGAAATCATGGATAGAATT
TATAAGAATGTTATGAGCAAAGTCCAAGAGATGAATTATATTCAGAAAACTCTGTTCAAG
ATAGGGTATGATTACAAATTGGAACAGATCAAAAAGGGATATGATGCACCTCTTTGCAAT
CTGTTACTGTTTAAAAAGGTCAAGGCCCTGCTGGGAGGGAATGTCCGCATGATGCTGTCT
GGAGGGGCCCCGCTATCTCCTCAGACACACCGATTCATGAATGTCTGCTTCTGCTGCCCA
ATTGGCCAGGGTTATGGACTGACAGAATCATGTGGTGCTGGGACAGTTACTGAAGTAACT
GACTATACTACTGGCAGAGTTGGAGCACCTCTTATTTGCTGTGAAATTAAGCTAAAAGAC
TGGCAAGAAGGCGGTTATACAATTAATGACAAGCCAAACCCCAGAGGTGAAATCGTAATT
GGTGGACAGAACATCTCCATGGGATATTTTAAAAATGAAGAGAAAACAGCAGAAGATTAT
TCTGTGGATGAAAATGGACAAAGGTGGTTTTGCACTGGTGATATTGGAGAATTCCATCCC
GATGGATGTTTACAGATTATAGATCGTAAGAAAGATCTAGTGAAGTTACAAGCAGGAGAG
TATGTATCTCTTGGGAAAGTAGAAGCTGCACTGAAGAATTGTCCACTTATTGACAACATC
TGTGCTTTTGCCAAAAGTGATCAGTCCTATGTGATCAGTTTTGTGGTTCCTAACCAGAAA
AGGTTGACACTTTTGGCACAACAGAAAGGGGTAGAAGGAACTTGGGTTGATATCTGCAAT
AATCCTGCTATGGAAGCTGAAATACTGAAAGAAATTCGAGAAGCTGCAAATGCCATGAAA
TTGGAGCGATTTGAAATTCCAATCAAGGTTCGATTAAGCCCAGAGCCATGGACCCCTGAA
ACTGGTTTGGTAACTGATGCTTTCAAACTGAAAAGGAAGGAGCTGAGGAACCATTACCTC
AAAGACATTGAACGAATGTATGGGGGCAAATAA

1. Cao Y, Traer E, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM: Cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of human long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase 4 (FACL4). Genomics. 1998 Apr 15;49(2):327-30. [PubMed ]
2. Piccini M, Vitelli F, Bruttini M, Pober BR, Jonsson JJ, Villanova M, Zollo M, Borsani G, Ballabio A, Renieri A: FACL4, a new gene encoding long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4, is deleted in a family with Alport syndrome, elliptocytosis, and mental retardation. Genomics. 1998 Feb 1;47(3):350-8. [PubMed ]
3. Meloni I, Muscettola M, Raynaud M, Longo I, Bruttini M, Moizard MP, Gomot M, Chelly J, des Portes V, Fryns JP, Ropers HH, Magi B, Bellan C, Volpi N, Yntema HG, Lewis SE, Schaffer JE, Renieri A: FACL4, encoding fatty acid-CoA ligase 4, is mutated in nonspecific X-linked mental retardation. Nat Genet. 2002 Apr;30(4):436-40. Epub 2002 Mar 11. [PubMed ]

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1
2. LACS 1
3. Palmitoyl-CoA ligase 1
4. Long-chain fatty acid CoA ligase 2
5. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 2
6. LACS 2
7. Acyl-CoA synthetase 1
8. ACS1
9. Palmitoyl-CoA ligase 2

MQAHELFRYFRMPELVDFRQYVRTLPTNTLMGFGAFAALTTFWYATRPKPLKPPCDLSMQ
SVEVAGSGGARRSALLDSDEPLVYFYDDVTTLYEGFQRGIQVSNNGPCLGSRKPDQPYEW
LSYKQVAELSECIGSALIQKGFKTAPDQFIGIFAQNRPEWVIIEQGCFAYSMVIVPLYDT
LGNEAITYIVNKAELSLVFVDKPEKAKLLLEGVENKLIPGLKIIVVMDAYGSELVERGQR
CGVEVTSMKAMEDLGRANRRKPKPPAPEDLAVICFTSGTTGNPKGAMVTHRNIVSDCSAF
VKATENTVNPCPDDTLISFLPLAHMFERVVECVMLCHGAKIGFFQGDIRLLMDDLKVLQP
TVFPVVPRLLNRMFDRIFGQANTTLKRWLLDFASKRKEAELRSGIIRNNSLWDRLIFHKV
QSSLGGRVRLMVTGAAPVSATVLTFLRAALGCQFYEGYGQTECTAGCCLTMPGDWTAGHV
GAPMPCNLIKLVDVEEMNYMAAEGEGEVCVKGPNVFQGYLKDPAKTAEALDKDGWLHTGD
IGKWLPNGTLKIIDRKKHIFKLAQGEYIAPEKIENIYMRSEPVAQVFVHGESLQAFLIAI
VVPDVETLCSWAQKRGFEGSFEELCRNKDVKKAILEDMVRLGKDSGLKPFEQVKGITLHP
ELFSIDNGLLTPTMKAKRPELRNYFRSQIDDLYSTIKV

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• None

• 25-45

ATGCAAGCCCATGAGCTGTTCCGGTATTTTCGAATGCCAGAGCTGGTTGACTTCCGACAG
TACGTGCGTACTCTTCCGACCAACACGCTTATGGGCTTCGGAGCTTTTGCAGCACTCACC
ACCTTCTGGTACGCCACGAGACCCAAACCCCTGAAGCCGCCATGCGACCTCTCCATGCAG
TCAGTGGAAGTGGCGGGTAGTGGTGGTGCACGAAGATCCGCACTACTTGACAGCGACGAG
CCCTTGGTGTATTTCTATGATGATGTCACAACATTATACGAAGGTTTCCAGAGGGGAATA
CAGGTGTCAAATAATGGCCCTTGTTTAGGCTCTCGGAAACCAGACCAACCCTATGAATGG
CTTTCATATAAACAGGTTGCAGAATTGTCGGAGTGCATAGGCTCAGCACTGATCCAGAAG
GGCTTCAAGACTGCCCCAGATCAGTTCATTGGCATCTTTGCTCAAAATAGACCTGAGTGG
GTGATTATTGAACAAGGATGCTTTGCTTATTCGATGGTGATCGTTCCACTTTATGATACC
CTTGGAAATGAAGCCATCACGTACATAGTCAACAAAGCTGAACTCTCTCTGGTTTTTGTT
GACAAGCCAGAGAAGGCCAAACTCTTATTAGAGGGTGTAGAAAATAAGTTAATACCAGGC
CTTAAAATCATAGTTGTCATGGATGCCTACGGCAGTGAACTGGTGGAACGAGGCCAGAGG
TGTGGGGTGGAAGTCACCAGCATGAAGGCGATGGAGGACCTGGGAAGAGCCAACAGACGG
AAGCCCAAGCCTCCAGCACCTGAAGATCTTGCAGTAATTTGTTTCACAAGTGGAACTACA
GGCAACCCCAAAGGAGCAATGGTCACTCACCGAAACATAGTGAGCGATTGTTCAGCTTTT
GTGAAAGCAACAGAGAATACAGTCAATCCTTGCCCAGATGATACTTTGATATCTTTCTTG
CCTCTCGCCCATATGTTTGAGAGAGTTGTAGAGTGTGTAATGCTGTGTCATGGAGCTAAA
ATCGGATTTTTCCAAGGAGATATCAGGCTGCTCATGGATGACCTCAAGGTGCTTCAACCC
ACTGTCTTCCCCGTGGTTCCAAGACTGCTGAACCGGATGTTTGACCGAATTTTCGGACAA
GCAAACACCACGCTGAAGCGATGGCTCTTGGACTTTGCCTCCAAGAGGAAAGAAGCAGAG
CTTCGCAGCGGCATCATCAGAAACAACAGCCTGTGGGACCGGCTGATCTTCCACAAAGTA
CAGTCGAGCCTGGGCGGAAGAGTCCGGCTGATGGTGACAGGAGCCGCCCCGGTGTCTGCC
ACTGTGCTGACGTTCCTCAGAGCAGCCCTGGGCTGTCAGTTTTATGAAGGATACGGACAG
ACAGAGTGCACTGCCGGGTGCTGCCTAACCATGCCTGGAGACTGGACCGCAGGCCATGTT
GGGGCCCCGATGCCGTGCAATTTGATAAAACTTGTTGATGTGGAAGAAATGAATTACATG
GCTGCCGAGGGCGAGGGCGAGGTGTGTGTGAAAGGGCCAAATGTATTTCAGGGCTACTTG
AAGGACCCAGCGAAAACAGCAGAAGCTTTGGACAAAGACGGCTGGTTACACACAGGGGAC
ATTGGAAAATGGTTACCAAATGGCACCTTGAAAATTATCGACCGGAAAAAGCACATATTT
AAGCTGGCACAAGGAGAATACATAGCCCCTGAAAAGATTGAAAATATCTACATGCGAAGT
GAGCCTGTTGCTCAGGTGTTTGTCCACGGAGAAAGCCTGCAGGCATTTCTCATTGCAATT
GTGGTACCAGATGTTGAGACATTATGTTCCTGGGCCCAAAAGAGAGGATTTGAAGGGTCG
TTTGAGGAACTGTGCAGAAATAAGGATGTCAAAAAAGCTATCCTCGAAGATATGGTGAGA
CTTGGGAAGGATTCTGGTCTGAAACCATTTGAACAGGTCAAAGGCATCACATTGCACCCT
GAATTATTTTCTATCGACAATGGCCTTCTGACTCCAACAATGAAGGCGAAAAGGCCAGAG
CTGCGGAACTATTTCAGGTCGCAGATAGATGACCTCTATTCCACTATCAAGGTTTAG

1. Abe T, Fujino T, Fukuyama R, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Toh H, Suzuki H, Yamamoto T: Human long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase: structure and chromosomal location. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1992 Jan;111(1):123-8. [PubMed ]
2. Ghosh B, Barbosa E, Singh I: Molecular cloning and sequencing of human palmitoyl-CoA ligase and its tissue specific expression. Mol Cell Biochem. 1995 Oct 4;151(1):77-81. [PubMed ]
3. Malhotra KT, Malhotra K, Lubin BH, Kuypers FA: Identification and molecular characterization of acyl-CoA synthetase in human erythrocytes and erythroid precursors. Biochem J. 1999 Nov 15;344 Pt 1:135-43. [PubMed ]

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 6
2. LACS 6

MQTQEILRILRLPELGDLGQFFRSLSATTLVSMGALAAILAYWFTHRPKALQPPCNLLMQ
SEEVEDSGGARRSVIGSGPQLLTHYYDDARTMYQVFRRGLSISGNGPCLGFRKPKQPYQW
LSYQEVADRAEFLGSGLLQHNCKACTDQFIGVFAQNRPEWIIVELACYTYSMVVVPLYDT
LGPGAIRYIINTADISTVIVDKPQKAVLLLEHVERKETPGLKLIILMDPFEEALKERGQK
CGVVIKSMQAVEDCGQENHQAPVPPQPDDLSIVCFTSGTTGNPKGAMLTHGNVVADFSGF
LKVTEKVIFPRQDDVLISFLPLAHMFERVIQSVVYCHGGRVGFFQGDIRLLSDDMKALCP
TIFPVVPRLLNRMYDKIFSQANTPLKRWLLEFAAKRKQAEVRSGIIRNDSIWDELFFNKI
QASLGGCVRMIVTGAAPASPTVLGFLRAALGCQVYEGYGQTECTAGCTFTTPGDWTSGHV
GAPLPCNHIKLVDVEELNYWACKGEGEICVRGPNVFKGYLKDPDRTKEALDSDGWLHTGD
IGKWLPAGTLKIIDRKKHIFKLAQGEYVAPEKIENIYIRSQPVAQIYVHGDSLKAFLVGI
VVPDPEVMPSWAQKRGIEGTYADLCTNKDLKKAILEDMVRLGKESGLHSFEQVKAIHIHS
DMFSVQNGLLTPTLKAKRPELREYFKKQIEELYSISM