Hmdb loader

Showing metabocard for Terpinolene (HMDB0036994)

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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-11 22:14:15 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:55:08 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0036994
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB36994
Metabolite Identification
Common NameTerpinolene
Description
Structure
Thumb
MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

  Mrv1652309272007392D          

 10 10  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
10001.095610000.4119    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10001.8103 9999.9999    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10001.095610001.2359    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.2396 9998.7640    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.668910000.4134    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.954410000.0009    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.9544 9999.1758    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.6689 9998.7634    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.3834 9999.1758    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.383410000.0009    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
  5 10  1  0  0  0  0
  6  7  1  0  0  0  0
  7  8  2  0  0  0  0
  8  9  1  0  0  0  0
  9 10  1  0  0  0  0
  1 10  2  0  0  0  0
  7  4  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
Download

3D MOL for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

HMDB0036994
     RDKit          3D
Terpinolene
 26 26  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    3.6081   -0.1669   -0.0179 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1321   -0.2295   -0.0844 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4676   -1.0413    0.7180 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0048   -1.1730    0.7253 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6382    0.0443    0.1798 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9428    0.0991    0.0665 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7796   -1.0581    0.4850 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.5827    1.3151   -0.4789 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1910    1.1935   -0.2359 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3526    0.6204   -1.0573 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9575    0.5026   -0.8330 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9965   -1.2041   -0.1231 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9891    0.2445    0.9379 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0347   -1.6526    1.4185 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3128   -2.0837    0.1344 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3505   -1.3897    1.7775 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.8385   -1.0905    1.5901 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7710   -0.9658   -0.0050 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3517   -2.0201    0.1479 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3840    1.4373   -1.5660 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1912    2.2465    0.0097 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.6803    1.3108   -0.2592 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3717    1.8954   -0.8922 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6548    1.7221    0.6355 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9394    1.4539   -1.4392 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.8764   -0.0104   -1.8340 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  2  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  2  3
  6  7  1  0
  6  8  1  0
  5  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
 10  2  1  0
  1 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  3 14  1  0
  4 15  1  0
  4 16  1  0
  7 17  1  0
  7 18  1  0
  7 19  1  0
  8 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
  8 22  1  0
  9 23  1  0
  9 24  1  0
 10 25  1  0
 10 26  1  0
M  END
Download

3D SDF for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

  Mrv1652309272007392D          

 10 10  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
10001.095610000.4119    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10001.8103 9999.9999    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10001.095610001.2359    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.2396 9998.7640    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.668910000.4134    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.954410000.0009    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9998.9544 9999.1758    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 9999.6689 9998.7634    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.3834 9999.1758    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10000.383410000.0009    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
  5 10  1  0  0  0  0
  6  7  1  0  0  0  0
  7  8  2  0  0  0  0
  8  9  1  0  0  0  0
  9 10  1  0  0  0  0
  1 10  2  0  0  0  0
  7  4  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0036994

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4H,5-7H2,1-3H3

> <INCHI_KEY>
MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C10H16

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
136.238

> <EXACT_MASS>
136.125200515

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
26

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
17.761823923291416

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
1-methyl-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclohex-1-ene

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
3.82

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
3.118221156666667

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-1.99

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
1

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
0.0

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
47.286199999999994

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
1.38e+00 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
terpinolene

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
1

$$$$
Download

3D-SDF for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

HMDB0036994
     RDKit          3D
Terpinolene
 26 26  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    3.6081   -0.1669   -0.0179 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1321   -0.2295   -0.0844 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4676   -1.0413    0.7180 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0048   -1.1730    0.7253 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6382    0.0443    0.1798 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9428    0.0991    0.0665 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7796   -1.0581    0.4850 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.5827    1.3151   -0.4789 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1910    1.1935   -0.2359 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3526    0.6204   -1.0573 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9575    0.5026   -0.8330 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9965   -1.2041   -0.1231 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9891    0.2445    0.9379 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0347   -1.6526    1.4185 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3128   -2.0837    0.1344 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3505   -1.3897    1.7775 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.8385   -1.0905    1.5901 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7710   -0.9658   -0.0050 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3517   -2.0201    0.1479 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3840    1.4373   -1.5660 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1912    2.2465    0.0097 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.6803    1.3108   -0.2592 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3717    1.8954   -0.8922 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6548    1.7221    0.6355 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9394    1.4539   -1.4392 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.8764   -0.0104   -1.8340 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  2  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  2  3
  6  7  1  0
  6  8  1  0
  5  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
 10  2  1  0
  1 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  3 14  1  0
  4 15  1  0
  4 16  1  0
  7 17  1  0
  7 18  1  0
  7 19  1  0
  8 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
  8 22  1  0
  9 23  1  0
  9 24  1  0
 10 25  1  0
 10 26  1  0
M  END
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PDB for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 27-SEP-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   27-SEP-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0    8668.7128667.436   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0    8670.0468666.666   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0    8668.7128668.974   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0    8663.3818664.359   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0    8666.0498667.438   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0    8664.7158666.668   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0    8664.7158665.128   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0    8666.0498664.358   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  C   UNK     0    8667.3828665.128   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0    8667.3828666.668   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
CONECT    1    2    3   10                                                  
CONECT    2    1                                                            
CONECT    3    1                                                            
CONECT    4    7                                                            
CONECT    5    6   10                                                       
CONECT    6    5    7                                                       
CONECT    7    6    8    4                                                  
CONECT    8    7    9                                                       
CONECT    9    8   10                                                       
CONECT   10    5    9    1                                                  
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   10    0   20    0
END
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3D PDB for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

COMPND    HMDB0036994
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1       3.608  -0.167  -0.018  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  C2  UNL     1       2.132  -0.229  -0.084  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C3  UNL     1       1.468  -1.041   0.718  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C4  UNL     1      -0.005  -1.173   0.725  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  C5  UNL     1      -0.638   0.044   0.180  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  C6  UNL     1      -1.943   0.099   0.067  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  C7  UNL     1      -2.780  -1.058   0.485  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    8  C8  UNL     1      -2.583   1.315  -0.479  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    9  C9  UNL     1       0.191   1.193  -0.236  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  C10 UNL     1       1.353   0.620  -1.057  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   11  H1  UNL     1       3.957   0.503  -0.833  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   12  H2  UNL     1       3.996  -1.204  -0.123  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H3  UNL     1       3.989   0.245   0.938  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H4  UNL     1       2.035  -1.653   1.419  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H5  UNL     1      -0.313  -2.084   0.134  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H6  UNL     1      -0.350  -1.390   1.777  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   17  H7  UNL     1      -2.838  -1.090   1.590  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   18  H8  UNL     1      -3.771  -0.966  -0.005  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   19  H9  UNL     1      -2.352  -2.020   0.148  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   20  H10 UNL     1      -2.384   1.437  -1.566  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   21  H11 UNL     1      -2.191   2.247   0.010  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   22  H12 UNL     1      -3.680   1.311  -0.259  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   23  H13 UNL     1      -0.372   1.895  -0.892  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   24  H14 UNL     1       0.655   1.722   0.635  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   25  H15 UNL     1       1.939   1.454  -1.439  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   26  H16 UNL     1       0.876  -0.010  -1.834  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2   11   12   13
CONECT    2    3    3   10
CONECT    3    4   14
CONECT    4    5   15   16
CONECT    5    6    6    9
CONECT    6    7    8
CONECT    7   17   18   19
CONECT    8   20   21   22
CONECT    9   10   23   24
CONECT   10   25   26
END
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SMILES for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1
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INCHI for HMDB0036994 (Terpinolene)

InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4H,5-7H2,1-3H3
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View in JSmolView NMR AssignmentsView Stereo Labels
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC10H16
Average Molecular Weight136.238
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight136.125200515
IUPAC Name1-methyl-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclohex-1-ene
Traditional Nameterpinolene
CAS Registry Number586-62-9
SMILES
CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4H,5-7H2,1-3H3
InChI KeyMOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. P-menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m- menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassMonoterpenoids
Direct ParentMenthane monoterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • P-menthane monoterpenoid
  • Monocyclic monoterpenoid
  • Branched unsaturated hydrocarbon
  • Cycloalkene
  • Cyclic olefin
  • Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
  • Unsaturated hydrocarbon
  • Olefin
  • Hydrocarbon
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Source
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point< 25 °CNot Available
Boiling Point183.00 to 185.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm HgThe Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility0.0095 mg/mL at 23 °CNot Available
LogP4.47Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Breath
  • Feces
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BreathDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothAsthma details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothCrohns disease details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothUlcerative colitis details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Asthma
  1. Ibrahim B, Basanta M, Cadden P, Singh D, Douce D, Woodcock A, Fowler SJ: Non-invasive phenotyping using exhaled volatile organic compounds in asthma. Thorax. 2011 Sep;66(9):804-9. doi: 10.1136/thx.2010.156695. Epub 2011 Jul 11. [PubMed:21749985 ]
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
  1. Raman M, Ahmed I, Gillevet PM, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM, Smith S, Greenwood R, Sikaroodi M, Lam V, Crotty P, Bailey J, Myers RP, Rioux KP: Fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound metabolome in obese humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jul;11(7):868-75.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.015. Epub 2013 Feb 27. [PubMed:23454028 ]
Crohn's disease
  1. Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25. [PubMed:26806034 ]
Ulcerative colitis
  1. Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25. [PubMed:26806034 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB015966
KNApSAcK IDC00000861
Chemspider ID10979
KEGG Compound IDC06075
BioCyc IDCPD-4890
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkTerpinene
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound11463
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID9457
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1007171
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Farooq A, Choudhary MI, Atta-ur-Rahman, Tahara S, Baser KH, Demirci F: Detoxification of terpinolene by plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Z Naturforsch C. 2002 Sep-Oct;57(9-10):863-6. [PubMed:12440725 ]
  2. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  3. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  4. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  5. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  6. Turner CE, Elsohly MA, Boeren EG: Constituents of Cannabis sativa L. XVII. A review of the natural constituents. J Nat Prod. 1980 Mar-Apr;43(2):169-234. doi: 10.1021/np50008a001. [PubMed:6991645 ]
  7. McGarvey DJ, Croteau R: Terpenoid metabolism. Plant Cell. 1995 Jul;7(7):1015-26. doi: 10.1105/tpc.7.7.1015. [PubMed:7640522 ]
  8. (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .
  9. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.