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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:40:00 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000468
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00468
Metabolite Identification
Common NameBiopterin
DescriptionBiopterin, also known as tetrahydrobiopterin or BH4, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biopterins and derivatives. These are coenzymes containing a 2-amino-pteridine-4-one derivative. Biopterin or tetrahydrobiopterin is also classified as a pterin derivative that consists of pterin group bearing an amino, an oxo and a 1,2-dihydroxypropyl substituent at positions 2, 4 and 6, respectively. Biopterin compounds found within the animals include BH4 (tetrahydrobiopterin), the free radical BH3, and BH2 (also a free radical, called Dihydrobiopterin). BH2 is produced in the synthesis of L-DOPA, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. It is restored to the required cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin by the enzyme dihydrobiopterin reductase. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a cofactor of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylase enzymes, used in the degradation of amino acid phenylalanine and in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), melatonin, dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline). It is also a cofactor for the production of nitric oxide (NO) by the nitric oxide syntheses. Tetrahydrobiopterin is biosynthesized from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by three chemical reactions mediated by the enzymes GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH), 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS), and sepiapterin reductase (SR). Biopterin synthesis disorders are a cause of hyperphenylalaninemia. There are 3 distinct forms of phenylketonuria or hyperphenylalaninemia, each caused by lack of aromatic amino acid hydroxylase enzymes. The variant forms of hyperphenylalaninemia that are caused by the lack of dihydropteridine reductase or tetrahydrobiopterin are characterized by severe neurological deterioration, impaired functioning of tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases, and the resultant deficiency of tyrosine- and tryptophan-derived monoamine neurotransmitters in brain. (PMID 3930837 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(-)-BiopterinChEBI
(1'r,1's) BiopterinHMDB
2-Amino-6-(L-erythro-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-4(3H)-pteridinoneHMDB
6-BiopterinHMDB
L-BiopterinHMDB
L-Erythro-biopterinHMDB
Pterin H b2HMDB
[S-(R*,s*)]-2-amino-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-4(1H)-pteridinoneHMDB
OrinapterinHMDB
DictyopterinHMDB
2-Amino-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-4(1H)-pteridinoneHMDB
BiopterinMeSH
Chemical FormulaC9H11N5O3
Average Molecular Weight237.2153
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight237.086189243
IUPAC Name2-amino-6-[(1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl]-4,8-dihydropteridin-4-one
Traditional Name2-amino-6-[(1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl]-8H-pteridin-4-one
CAS Registry Number22150-76-1
SMILES
C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C1=CNC2=NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C9H11N5O3/c1-3(15)6(16)4-2-11-7-5(12-4)8(17)14-9(10)13-7/h2-3,6,15-16H,1H3,(H3,10,11,13,14,17)/t3-,6-/m0/s1
InChI KeyLHQIJBMDNUYRAM-DZSWIPIPSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biopterins and derivatives. These are coenzymes containing a 2-amino-pteridine-4-one derivative. They are mainly synthesized in several parts of the body, including the pineal gland.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassPteridines and derivatives
Sub ClassPterins and derivatives
Direct ParentBiopterins and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Biopterin
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Pyrimidone
  • Pyrazine
  • Pyrimidine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Vinylogous amide
  • 1,2-diol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Azacycle
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Aromatic alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationSource
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.7 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-MetCCS_train_neg148.31530932474
[M+H]+MetCCS_train_pos153.47930932474
[M-H]-Not Available148.315http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000324
[M+H]+Not Available153.695http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000324
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cellular Cytoplasm
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Brain
  • Epidermis
  • Fibroblasts
  • Liver
  • Prostate
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Segawa Syndrome
  1. Furuya H, Murai H, Takasugi K, Ohyagi Y, Urano F, Kishi T, Ichinose H, Kira J: A case of late-onset Segawa syndrome (autosomal dominant dopa-responsive dystonia) with a novel mutation of the GTP-cyclohydrase I (GCH1) gene. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2006 Dec;108(8):784-6. Epub 2005 Nov 14. [PubMed:16289769 ]
Sepiapterin reductase deficiency
  1. Verbeek MM, Willemsen MA, Wevers RA, Lagerwerf AJ, Abeling NG, Blau N, Thony B, Vargiami E, Zafeiriou DI: Two Greek siblings with sepiapterin reductase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab. 2008 Aug;94(4):403-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.04.003. Epub 2008 May 27. [PubMed:18502672 ]
Parkinson's disease
  1. Furukawa Y, Nishi K, Mizuno Y, Narabayashi H: [Significance of CSF biopterin and neopterin in hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation (HPD)--a clue to pathogenesis]. No To Shinkei. 1995 Mar;47(3):261-8. [PubMed:7669428 ]
Urocanase deficiency
  1. Espinos C, Pineda M, Martinez-Rubio D, Lupo V, Ormazabal A, Vilaseca MA, Spaapen LJ, Palau F, Artuch R: Mutations in the urocanase gene UROC1 are associated with urocanic aciduria. J Med Genet. 2009 Jun;46(6):407-11. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2008.060632. Epub 2009 Mar 19. [PubMed:19304569 ]
6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency
  1. Thony B, Leimbacher W, Blau N, Harvie A, Heizmann CW: Hyperphenylalaninemia due to defects in tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism: molecular characterization of mutations in 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 May;54(5):782-92. [PubMed:8178819 ]
Pterin-4a carbinolamine dehydratase deficiency
  1. Blaskovics M, Giudici TA: A new variant of biopterin deficiency. N Engl J Med. 1988 Dec 15;319(24):1611-2. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198812153192420. [PubMed:3200274 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 128230 (Segawa Syndrome)
  • 182125 (Sepiapterin reductase deficiency)
  • 168600 (Parkinson's disease)
  • 276880 (Urocanase deficiency)
  • 261640 (6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency)
  • 264070 (Pterin-4a carbinolamine dehydratase deficiency)
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022060
KNApSAcK IDC00018229
Chemspider ID392795
KEGG Compound IDC06313
BioCyc IDCPD-10819
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkBiopterin
METLIN ID247
PubChem Compound445040
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID63931
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDMDB00000167
Good Scents IDrw1223491
References
Synthesis ReferenceMori, Kenji; Kikuchi, Haruhiko. Synthesis of (-)-biopterin. Liebigs Annalen der Chemie (1989), (10), 963-7.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References