Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-05-30 20:55:54 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000897 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | 7-Methylguanine |
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Description | 7-Methylguanine, also known as N7-me-g, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hypoxanthines. Hypoxanthines are compounds containing the purine derivative 1H-purin-6(9H)-one. Purine is a bicyclic aromatic compound made up of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring. 7-Methylguanine exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to plants to humans. 7-Methylguanine has been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as anatidaes (Anatidae), chickens (Gallus gallus), and domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica). This could make 7-methylguanine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on 7-Methylguanine. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C6H7N5O/c1-11-2-8-4-3(11)5(12)10-6(7)9-4/h2H,1H3,(H3,7,9,10,12) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-7-methyl-6H-purin-6-one | ChEBI | 2-Amino-7-methylhypoxanthine | ChEBI | N(7)-Methylguanine | ChEBI | 2-Amino-1,7-dihydroxy-7-methyl-6H-purine-6-one | HMDB | 2-Amino-6-hydroxy-7-methylpurine | HMDB | 7-Methyl-guanine | HMDB | 7-Methyl-guanine (8ci) | HMDB | N-Methylguanine | HMDB | N7-Methylguanine | HMDB | 7-Methylguanine, 14C-labeled | HMDB | N2-Methylguanine | HMDB | N7-Me-g | HMDB | N(2)-Methylguanine | HMDB | 7-Methylguanine | ChEBI |
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Chemical Formula | C6H7N5O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 165.1527 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 165.065059871 |
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IUPAC Name | 2-amino-7-methyl-6,7-dihydro-3H-purin-6-one |
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Traditional Name | 2-amino-7-methylhypoxanthine |
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CAS Registry Number | 578-76-7 |
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SMILES | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N)N2 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H7N5O/c1-11-2-8-4-3(11)5(12)10-6(7)9-4/h2H,1H3,(H3,7,9,10,12) |
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InChI Key | FZWGECJQACGGTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hypoxanthines. Hypoxanthines are compounds containing the purine derivative 1H-purin-6(9H)-one. Purine is a bicyclic aromatic compound made up of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organoheterocyclic compounds |
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Class | Imidazopyrimidines |
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Sub Class | Purines and purine derivatives |
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Direct Parent | Hypoxanthines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - 6-oxopurine
- Hypoxanthine
- Aminopyrimidine
- Pyrimidone
- N-substituted imidazole
- Pyrimidine
- Azole
- Imidazole
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Vinylogous amide
- Azacycle
- Primary amine
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Amine
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 370 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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7-Methylguanine,1TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2064.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2187.2 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 3085.8 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 1983.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 2119.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 3029.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 1976.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 2116.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 2721.1 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 1991.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2149.5 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2726.4 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,3TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 2020.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,3TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 2168.4 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,3TMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C | 2400.5 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2273.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2322.4 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 3085.6 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2227.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2288.5 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3011.9 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2417.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2532.2 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2757.6 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2380.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2561.1 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]2 | 2756.1 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2604.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2804.9 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 7-Methylguanine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N=C(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2631.4 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-01bi-2900000000-b0a95cd14f249c667450 | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-014i-0900000000-9467edfe6e5fe41d80c7 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0002-0900000000-248230263bb02a17634d | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-014i-9000000000-64ba12b6ac3ae920980e | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-0900000000-6d69b62500523e3dc3d0 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-0900000000-37d2717efb3cfd99a3a5 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-1900000000-9b6a6193e87ed7391bfd | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-2900000000-8bc29ce14fc996e59b37 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-b9b860095178bfbd4cd4 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kb-1900000000-0d0f6cc2cd44562b2323 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9500000000-80f25018b3b2b6146ab0 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9600000000-ab600e6988ac4e56e321 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00dj-9400000000-e929965f6c63f59fcb15 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014j-9000000000-fa82f4a1c9751a539c26 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-0900000000-6d69b62500523e3dc3d0 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-0900000000-2105f1b548050728fb41 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-1900000000-9b6a6193e87ed7391bfd | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-2900000000-8bc29ce14fc996e59b37 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-b9b860095178bfbd4cd4 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-00kb-1900000000-61125a8802327f88d32a | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-7bbf7f0a999ef7bf8afb | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-b6a2ab544a0f5c16da9b | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-006t-9800000000-eee86daa744a6ab97786 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-0900000000-8ba30384438f851de3ff | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-1900000000-f0d2b014e6cd3c2588c4 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylguanine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9100000000-6fba35b30d5f7e144718 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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General References | - Mustonen R, Hemminki K: 7-Methylguanine levels in DNA of smokers' and non-smokers' total white blood cells, granulocytes and lymphocytes. Carcinogenesis. 1992 Nov;13(11):1951-5. [PubMed:1423861 ]
- Eder E: Intraindividual variations of DNA adduct levels in humans. Mutat Res. 1999 Mar 8;424(1-2):249-61. [PubMed:10064865 ]
- van Delft JH, van den Ende AM, Keizer HJ, Ouwerkerk J, Baan RA: Determination of N7-methylguanine in DNA of white blood cells from cancer patients treated with dacarbazine. Carcinogenesis. 1992 Jul;13(7):1257-9. [PubMed:1638694 ]
- Kumar R, Hemminki K: Separation of 7-methyl- and 7-(2-hydroxyethyl)-guanine adducts in human DNA samples using a combination of TLC and HPLC. Carcinogenesis. 1996 Mar;17(3):485-92. [PubMed:8631134 ]
- Chao MR, Wang CJ, Yang HH, Chang LW, Hu CW: Rapid and sensitive quantification of urinary N7-methylguanine by isotope-dilution liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with on-line solid-phase extraction. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2005;19(17):2427-32. [PubMed:16059882 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
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