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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 16:47:19 UTC
Update Date2022-09-22 17:44:26 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0256387
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePhenacetin
DescriptionPhenacetin, also known as acetophenetidin or achrocidin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acetanilides. These are organic compounds containing an acetamide group conjugated to a phenyl group. Phenacetin is a drug which is used principally as an analgesic. Phenacetin is formally rated as a carcinogen (by IARC 1) and is also a potentially toxic compound. Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on Phenacetin. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Phenacetin is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Phenacetin is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
1-Acetamido-4-ethoxybenzeneChEBI
4-EthoxyacetanilideChEBI
AcetophenetidinChEBI
AcetophenetidineChEBI
AcetophenetinChEBI
AcetphenetidinChEBI
AchrocidinChEBI
CodempiralChEBI
CommotionalChEBI
ContradolChEBI
ContradouleurChEBI
FenacetinaChEBI
N-(4-Ethoxyphenyl)acetamideChEBI
PhenacetineChEBI
PhenacetinumChEBI
Chemical FormulaC10H13NO2
Average Molecular Weight179.2157
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight179.094628665
IUPAC NameN-(4-ethoxyphenyl)acetamide
Traditional Namephenacetin
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CCOC1=CC=C(NC(C)=O)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H13NO2/c1-3-13-10-6-4-9(5-7-10)11-8(2)12/h4-7H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,11,12)
InChI KeyCPJSUEIXXCENMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acetanilides. These are organic compounds containing an acetamide group conjugated to a phenyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassAnilides
Direct ParentAcetanilides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Acetanilide
  • N-acetylarylamine
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Phenol ether
  • N-arylamide
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Acetamide
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Ether
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedCancer patients undergoing total body irradiation details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB03783
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4590
KEGG Compound IDC07591
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPhenacetin
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID8050
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1271351
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Exhibits a coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Active in the metabolic activation of hexamethylphosphoramide, N,N-dimethylaniline, 2'-methoxyacetophenone, N-nitrosomethylphenylamine, and the tobacco-specific carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. Possesses phenacetin O-deethylation activity.
Gene Name:
CYP2A13
Uniprot ID:
Q16696
Molecular weight:
56687.095
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
Gene Name:
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID:
P05177
Molecular weight:
58406.915
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Can act in the hydroxylation of the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Competent in the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1. Constitutes the major nicotine C-oxidase. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. Possesses low phenacetin O-deethylation activity.
Gene Name:
CYP2A6
Uniprot ID:
P11509
Molecular weight:
56517.005