1. Dodecanoyl-CoA
2. Lauroyl coenzyme A
3. Dodecanoyl-Coenzyme A

• Cytoplasm
• peroxisome

1. Hunt MC, Ruiter J, Mooyer P, van Roermond CW, Ofman R, Ijlst L, Wanders RJ: Identification of fatty acid oxidation disorder patients with lowered acyl-CoA thioesterase activity in human skin fibroblasts. Eur J Clin Invest. 2005 Jan;35(1):38-46. [PubMed ]

1. 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrial
2. 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, peroxisomal precursor
3. Trifunctional enzyme subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor
4. Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [acylating], mitochondrial precursor
5. Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
6. Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
7. Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
8. Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1, peroxisomal
9. Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2, peroxisomal
10. Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
11. Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3, peroxisomal
12. Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
13. Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
14. Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1
15. 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor
16. 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor
17. Acyl-CoA desaturase
18. Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor
19. Sterol O-acyltransferase 2
20. Sterol O-acyltransferase 1
21. Bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
22. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4
23. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1
24. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 6
25. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 5
26. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 3
27. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial precursor
28. Trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase, mitochondrial precursor
29. Peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase
30. Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase
31. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2
32. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 4
33. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8
34. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase
35. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma
36. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase beta
37. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha
38. Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
39. Very-long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase
40. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
41. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
42. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta
43. Acyl-CoA-binding protein
44. Fatty acid-binding protein, heart
45. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase epsilon
46. Bile acyl-CoA synthetase
47. Lipoamide acyltransferase component of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial precursor
48. 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2
49. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 3
50. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1
51. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 10
52. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 11
53. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase zeta precursor
54. Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM1, mitochondrial precursor
55. Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2
56. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase delta
57. 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1
58. Isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
59. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9, mitochondrial precursor
60. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4
61. Fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1
62. Fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2
63. Acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 1
64. Acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2
65. Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2-like protein 6
66. Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 like protein 7
67. 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 3
68. Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing protein 5
69. 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase 1
70. Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase
71. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase eta
72. 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase theta
73. Glycine N-acyltransferase
74. Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 1
75. Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 2
76. Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, long chain
77. Peroxisomal 3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase
78. 2-aminoadipic 6-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
79. Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
80. Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase-like protein
81. Uncharacterized protein C10orf129
82. Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM2A, mitochondrial precursor
83. Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM2B, mitochondrial precursor
84. Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM3, mitochondrial precursor
85. Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM5, mitochondrial precursor
86. Peroxisomal coenzyme A diphosphatase NUDT7
87. Not Available
88. ACAA1 protein
89. cDNA FLJ30111 fis, clone BNGH42000360, highly similar to 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrial (EC 2.3.1.16)
90. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-like protein 1
91. Peroxisomal D3,D2-enoyl-CoA isomerase isoform 1 variant
92. cDNA FLJ56683, highly similar to Peroxisomal 3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase (EC 5.3.3.8)
93. Peroxisomal D3,D2-enoyl-CoA isomerase isoform 1 variant
94. Nef-associated protein 1
95. Peroxisomal D3,D2-enoyl-CoA isomerase isoform 1 variant
96. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 9, mitochondrial
97. Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3, mitochondrial
98. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 1
99. Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase-like
100. Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2, mitochondrial
101. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 11
102. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase ACSBG2
103. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase ACSBG1
104. Golgi resident protein GCP60
105. Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein 4
106. cDNA FLJ32907 fis, clone TESTI2005742, highly similar to Homo sapiens acyl-Coenzyme A binding domain containing 5 (ACBD5), mRNA
107. cDNA, FLJ94802
108. Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein 5
109. Putative uncharacterized protein ACBD7
110. ACAD11 protein
111. Putative uncharacterized protein HADHA
112. KIAA1996 protein
113. Benzodiazepine receptor ligand
114. cDNA FLJ38219 fis, clone FCBBF2001427, highly similar to Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein 7
115. Putative uncharacterized protein HADHA
116. Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein 6
117. Diazepam binding inhibitor, splice form 1c
118. PECI protein
119. cDNA FLJ53969, highly similar to Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial
120. Acyl-Coenzyme A binding domain containing 5
121. Acyl-Coenzyme A binding domain containing 5, isoform CRA_a
122. cDNA FLJ50016, highly similar to Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein 4
123. Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein 7
124. Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal

1. Beta- ketothiolase
2. Acetyl-CoA acyltransferase
3. Mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl- CoA thiolase
4. T1

MALLRGVFVVAAKRTPFGAYGGLLKDFTATDLSEFAAKAALSAGKVSPETVDSVIMGNVL
QSSSDAIYLARHVGLRVGIPKETPALTINRLCGSGFQSIVNGCQEICVKEAEVVLCGGTE
SMSQAPYCVRNVRFGTKLGSDIKLEDSLWVSLTDQHVQLPMAMTAENLAVKHKISREECD
KYALQSQQRWKAANDAGYFNDEMAPIEVKTKKGKQTMQVDEHARPQTTLEQLQKLPPVFK
KDGTVTAGNASGVADGAGAVIIASEDAVKKHNFTPLARIVGYFVSGCDPSIMGIGPVPAI
SGALKKAGLSLKDMDLVEVNEAFAPQYLAVERSLDLDISKTNVNGGAIALGHPLGGSGSR
ITAHLVHELRRRGGKYAVGSACIGGGQGIAVIIQSTA

• Benzoate Degradation via Hydroxylation (map00362 )
• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )
• Fatty Acid Elongation In Mitochondria (map00062 )
• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoacyl-CoA

• Thiolase_C (PF02803 )
• Thiolase_N (PF00108 )

• 1-12

ATGCGTCTGCTCCGAGGTGTGTTTGTAGTTGCTGCTAAGCGAACGCCCTTTGGAGCTTAC
GGAGGCCTTCTGAAAGACTTCACTGCTACTGACTTGTCTGAATTTGCTGCCAAGGCTGCC
TTGTCTGCTGGCAAAGTCTCACCTGAAACAGTTGACAGTGTGATTATGGGCAATGTCCTG
CAGAGTTCTTCAGATGCTATATATTTGGCAAGGCATGTTGGTTTGCGTGTGGGAATCCCA
AAGGAGACCCCAGCTCTCACGATTAATAGGCTCTGTGGTTCTGGTTTTCAGTCCATTGTG
AATGGATGTCAGGAAATTTGTGTTAAAGAAGCTGAAGTTGTTTTATGTGGAGGAACCGAA
AGCATGAGCCAAGCTCCCTACTGTGTCAGAAATGTGCGTTTTGGAACCAAGCTTGGATCA
GATATCAAGCTGGAAGATTCTTTATGGGTATCATTAACAGATCAGCATGTCCAGCTCCCC
ATGGCAATGACTGCAGAGAATCTTACTGTAAAACACAAAATAAGCAGAGAAGAATGTGAC
AAATATGCCCTGCAGTCACAGCAGAGATGGAAAGCTGCTAATGATGCTGGCTACTTTAAT
GATGAAATGGCACCAATTGAAGTGAAGACAAAGAAAGGAAAACAGACAATGCAGGTAGAC
GAGCATGCTCGGCCCCAAACCACCCTGGAACAGTTACAGAAACTTCCTCCAGTATTCAAG
AAAGATGGAACTGTTACTGCAGGGAATGCATCGGGTGTAGCTGATGGTGCTGGAGCTGTT
ATCATAGCTAGTGAAGATGCTGTTAAGAAACATAACTTCACACCACTGGCAAGAATTGTG
GGCTACTTTGTATCTGGATGTGATCCCTCTATCATGGGTATTGGTCCTGTCCCTGCTATC
AGTGGGGCACTGAAGAAAGCAGGACTGAGTCTTAAGGACATGGATTTGGTAGAGGTGAAT
GAAGCTTTTGCTCCCCAGTACTTGGCTGTTGAGAGGAGTTTGGATCTTGACATAAGTAAA
ACCAATGTGAATGGAGGAGCCATTGCTTTGGGTCACCCACTGGGAGGATCTGGATCAAGA
ATTACTGCACACCTGGTTCACGAATTAAGGCGTCGAGGTGGAAAATATGCCGTTGGATCA
GCTTGCATTGGAGGTGGCCAAGGTATTGCTGTCATCATTCAGAGCACAGCCTGA

1. Abe H, Ohtake A, Yamamoto S, Satoh Y, Takayanagi M, Amaya Y, Takiguchi M, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y, Mori M, et al.: Cloning and sequence analysis of a full length cDNA encoding human mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Nov 16;1216(2):304-6. [PubMed ]

1. Beta- ketothiolase
2. Acetyl-CoA acyltransferase
3. Peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase

MQRLQVVLGHLRGPADSGWMPQAAPCLSGAPQASAADVVVVHGRRTAICRAGRGGFKDTT
PDELLSAVMTAVLKDVNLRPEQLGDICVGNVLQPGAGAIMARIAQFLSDIPETVPLSTVN
RQCSSGLQAVASIAGGIRNGSYDIGMACGVESMSLADRGNPGNITSRLMEKEKARDCLIP
MGITSENVAERFGISREKQDTFALASQQKAARAQSKGCFQAEIVPVTTTVHDDKGTKRSI
TVTQDEGIRPSTTMEGLAKLKPAFKKDGSTTAGNSSQVSDGAAAILLARRSKAEELGLPI
LGVLRSYAVVGVPPDIMGIGPAYAIPVALQKAGLTVSDVDIFEINEAFASQAAYCVEKLR
LPPEKVNPLGGAVALGHPLGCTGARQVITLLNELKRRGKRAYGVVSMCIGTGMGAAAVFE
YPGN

• Benzoate Degradation via Hydroxylation (map00362 )
• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )
• Fatty Acid Elongation In Mitochondria (map00062 )
• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoacyl-CoA

• Thiolase_C (PF02803 )
• Thiolase_N (PF00108 )

• None

• None

ATGCAGAGGCTGCAGGTAGTGCTGGGCCACCTGAGGGGTCCGGCCGATTCCGGCTGGATG
CCGCAGGCCGCGCCTTGCCTGAGCGGTGCCCCGCAGGCCTCGGCCGCGGACGTGGTGGTG
GTGCACGGGCGGCGCACGGCCATCTGCCGGGCGGGCCGCGGCGGCTTCAAGGACACCACC
CCCGACGAGCTTCTCTCGGCAGTCATGACCGCGGTTCTCAAGGACGTGAATCTGAGGCCG
GAACAGCTGGGGGACATCTGTGTCGGAAATGTGCTGCAGCCTGGGGCCGGGGCAATCATG
GCCCGAATCGCCCAGTTTCTGAGTGACATCCCGGAGACTGTGCCTTTGTCCACTGTCAAT
AGACAGTGCTCGTCGGGGCTACAGGCAGTGGCCAGCATAGCAGGTGGCATCAGAAATGGG
TCTTATGACATTGGCATGGCCTGTGGGGTGGAGTCCATGTCCCTGGCTGACAGAGGGAAC
CCTGGAAATATTACTTCGCGCTTGATGGAGAAGGAGAAGGCCAGAGATTGCCTGATTCCT
ATGGGGATAACCTCTGAGAATGTGGCTGAGCGGTTTGGCATTTCACGGGAGAAGCAGGAT
ACCTTTGCCCTGGCTTCCCAGCAGAAGGCAGCAAGAGCCCAGAGCAAGGGCTGTTTCCAA
GCTGAGATTGTGCCTGTGACCACCACGGTCCATGATGACAAGGGCACCAAGAGGAGCATC
ACTGTGACCCAGGATGAGGGTATCCGCCCCAGCACCACCATGGAGGGCCTGGCCAAACTG
AAGCCTGCCTTCAAGAAAGATGGTTCTACCACAGCTGGAAACTCTAGCCAGGTGAGTGAT
GGGGCAGCTGCCATCCTGCTGGCCCGGAGGTCCAAGGCAGAAGAGTTGGGCCTTCCCATC
CTTGGGGTCCTGAGGTCTTATGCAGTGGTTGGGGTCCCACCTGACATCATGGGCATTGGA
CCTGCCTATGCCATCCCAGTAGCTTTGCAAAAAGCAGGGCTGACAGTGAGTGACGTGGAC
ATCTTCGAGATCAATGAGGCCTTTGCAAGCCAGGCTGCCTACTGTGTGGAGAAGCTACGA
CTCCCCCCTGAGAAGGTGAACCCCCTGGGGGGTGCAGTGGCCTTAGGGCACCCACTGGGC
TGCACTGGGGCACGACAGGTCATCACGCTGCTCAATGAGCTGAAGCGCCGTGGGAAGAGG
GCATACGGAGTGGTGTCCATGTGCATCGGGACTGGAATGGGAGCCGCTGCCGTCTTTGAA
TACCCTGGGAACTGA

1. Bout A, Teunissen Y, Hashimoto T, Benne R, Tager JM: Nucleotide sequence of human peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Nov 11;16(21):10369. [PubMed ]
2. Fairbairn LJ, Tanner MJ: Complete cDNA sequence of human foetal liver peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 May 11;17(9):3588. [PubMed ]
3. Bout A, Franse MM, Collins J, Blonden L, Tager JM, Benne R: Characterization of the gene encoding human peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase (ACAA). No large DNA rearrangement in a thiolase-deficient patient. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Aug 27;1090(1):43-51. [PubMed ]

1. TP-beta[Includes: 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase
2. Acetyl-CoA acyltransferase
3. Beta-ketothiolase]

MTILTYPFKNLPTASKWALRFSIRPLSCSSQLRAAPAVQTKTKKTLAKPNIRNVVVVDGV
RTPFLLSGTSYKDLMPHDLARAALTGLLHRTSVPKEVVDYIIFGTVIQEVKTSNVAREAA
LGAGFSDKTPAHTVTMACISANQAMTTGVGLIASGQCDVIVAGGVELMSDVPIRHSRKMR
KLMLDLNKAKSMGQRLSLISKFRFNFLAPELPAVSEFSTSETMGHSADRLAAAFAVSRLE
QDEYALRSHSLAKKAQDEGLLSDVVPFKVPGKDTVTKDNGIRPSSLEQMAKLKPAFIKPY
GTVTAANSSFLTDGASAMLIMAEEKALAMGYKPKAYLRDFMYVSQDPKDQLLLGPTYATP
KVLEKAGLTMNDIDAFEFHEAFSGQILANFKAMDSDWFAENYMGRKTKVGLPPLEKFNNW
GGSLSLGHPFGATGCRLVMAAANRLRKEGGQYGLVAACAAGGQGHAMIVEAYPK

• Benzoate Degradation via Hydroxylation (map00362 )
• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )
• Fatty Acid Elongation In Mitochondria (map00062 )
• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoacyl-CoA

• Thiolase_C (PF02803 )
• Thiolase_N (PF00108 )

• None

• None

ATGACTATCTTGACTTACCCCTTTAAAAATCTTCCCACTGCATCAAAATGGGCCCTCAGA
TTTTCCATAAGACCTCTGAGCTGTTCCTCCCAGCTACGAGCTGCCCCAGCTGTCCAGACC
AAAACGAAGAAGACGTTAGCCAAACCCAATATAAGGAATGTTGTGGTGGTGGATGGTGTT
CGCACTCCATTTTTGCTGTCTGGCACTTCATATAAAGACCTGATGCCACATGATTTGGCT
AGAGCAGCGCTTACGGGTTTGTTGCATCGGACCAGTGTCCCTAAGGAAGTAGTTGATTAT
ATCATCTTTGGTACAGTTATTCAGGAAGTGAAAACAAGCAATGTGGCTAGAGAGGCTGCC
CTTGGAGCTGGCTTCTCTGACAAGACTCCTGCTCACACTGTCACCATGGCTTGTATCTCT
GCCAACCAAGCCATGACCACAGGTGTTGGCTTGATTGCTTCTGGCCAGTGTGATGTGATC
GTGGCAGGTGGTGTTGAGTTGATGTCCGATGTCCCTATTCGTCACTCAAGGAAAATGAGA
AAACTGATGCTTGATCTCAATAAGGCCAAATCTATGGGCCAGCGACTGTCTTTAATCTCT
AAATTCCGATTTAATTTCCTAGCACCTGAGCTCCCTGCGGTTTCTGAGTTCTCCACCAGT
GAGACCATGGGCCACTCTGCAGACCGACTGGCCGCTGCCTTTGCTGTTTCTCGGCTGGAA
CAGGATGAATATGCACTGCGCTCTCACAGTCTAGCCAAGAAGGCACAGGATGAAGGACTC
CTTTCTGATGTGGTACCCTTCAAAGTACCAGGAAAAGATACAGTTACCAAAGATAATGGC
ATCCGTCCTTCCTCACTGGAGCAGATGGCCAAACTAAAACCTGCATTCATCAAGCCCTAC
GGCACAGTGACAGCTGCAAATTCTTCTTTCTTGACTGATGGTGCATCTGCAATGTTAATC
ATGGCGGAGGAAAAGGCTCTGGCCATGGGTTATAAGCCGAAGGCATATTTGAGGGATTTT
ATGTATGTGTCTCAGGATCCAAAAGATCAACTATTACTTGGACCAACATATGCTACTCCA
AAAGTTCTAGAAAAGGCAGGATTGACCATGAATGATATTGATGCTTTTGAATTTCATGAA
GCTTTCTCGGGTCAGATTTTGGCAAATTTTAAAGCCATGGATTCTGATTGGTTTGCAGAA
AACTACATGGGTAGAAAAACCAAGGTTGGATTGCCTCCTTTGGAGAAGTTTAATAACTGG
GGTGGATCTCTGTCCCTGGGACACCCATTTGGAGCCACTGGCTGCAGGTTGGTCATGGCT
GCTGCCAACAGATTACGGAAAGAAGGAGGCCAGTATGGCTTAGTGGCTGCGTGTGCAGCT
GGAGGGCAGGGCCATGCTATGATAGTGGAAGCTTATCCAAAATAA

1. Kamijo T, Aoyama T, Komiyama A, Hashimoto T: Structural analysis of cDNAs for subunits of human mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation trifunctional protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 15;199(2):818-25. [PubMed ]
2. Orii KE, Aoyama T, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Miyajima H, Yamaguchi S, Orii T, Kondo N, Hashimoto T: Genomic and mutational analysis of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein beta-subunit (HADHB) gene in patients with trifunctional protein deficiency. Hum Mol Genet. 1997 Aug;6(8):1215-24. [PubMed ]
3. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
4. Ushikubo S, Aoyama T, Kamijo T, Wanders RJ, Rinaldo P, Vockley J, Hashimoto T: Molecular characterization of mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency: formation of the enzyme complex is important for stabilization of both alpha- and beta-subunits. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 May;58(5):979-88. [PubMed ]

1. MMSDH
2. Malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [acylating]

MAALLAAAAVRARILQVSSKVKSSPTWYSASSFSSSVPTVKLFIGGKFVESKSDKWIDIH
NPATNEVIGRVPQATKAEMDAAIASCKRAFPAWADTSVLSRQQVLLRYQQLIKENLKEIA
KLITLEQGKTLADAEGDVFRGLQVVEHACSVTSLMMGETMPSITKDMDLYSYRLPLGVCA
GIAPFNFPAMIPLWMFPMAMVCGNTFLMKPSERVPGATMLLAKLLQDSGAPDGTLNIIHG
QHEAVNFICDHPDIKAISFVGSNKAGEYIFERGSRHGKRVQANMGAKNHGVVMPDANKEN
TLNQLVGAAFGAAGQRCMALSTAVLVGEAKKWLPELVEHAKNLRVNAGDQPGADLGPLIT
PQAKERVCNLIDSGTKEGASILLDGRKIKVKGYENGNFVGPTIISNVKPNMTCYKEEIFG
PVLVVLETETLDEAIQIVNNNPYGNGTAIFTTNGATARKYAHLVDVGQVGVNVPIPVPLP
MFSFTGSRSSFRGDTNFYGKQGIQFYTQLKTITSQWKEEDATLSSPAVVMPTMGR

• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + CoA + NAD+ = propanoyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH

• Aldedh (PF00171 )

• 1-19

• 174-196

ATGGCGGCGCTATTGGCGGCGGCGGCAGTGCGAGCCCGGATCCTGCAGGTTTCTTCCAAG
GTGAAATCCAGTCCCACCTGGTATTCAGCATCTTCCTTCTCTTCTTCAGTGCCAACTGTA
AAGCTCTTCATTGGTGGGAAATTCGTTGAATCCAAAAGTGACAAATGGATCGATATCCAC
AACCCAGCCACCAATGAGGTCATTGGTCGGGTCCCTCAGGCCACCAAGGCAGAAATGGAT
GCAGCCATTGCTTCCTGCAAACGTGCTTTTCCTGCATGGGCAGACACTTCAGTATTAAGC
CGCCAGCAGGTCTTGCTCCGCTATCAACAACTTATTAAAGAAAACTTGAAAGAAATTGCC
AAGTTAATCACATTGGAACAAGGGAAGACCCTAGCTGATGCTGAAGGAGATGTATTTCGA
GGCCTTCAGGTGGTTGAGCATGCCTGTAGTGTGACATCCCTCATGATGGGAGAGACCATG
CCATCCATCACCAAAGACATGGACCTTTATTCCTACCGTCTGCCTCTGGGAGTGTGTGCA
GGCATTGCTCCATTCAATTTTCCTGCCATGATCCCCCTTTGGATGTTTCCCATGGCCATG
GTGTGTGGAAATACCTTCCTAATGAAACCATCTGAGCGAGTCCCTGGAGCAACTATGCTT
CTTGCTAAGTTGCTCCAGGATTCTGGTGCCCCTGATGGAACATTAAACATCATCCATGGA
CAGCATGAAGCTGTAAATTTTATTTGCGATCATCCGGACATCAAAGCAATCAGCTTTGTG
GGATCCAACAAGGCAGGAGAGTATATCTTCGAGAGAGGATCAAGACATGGCAAGAGGGTT
CAAGCCAATATGGGAGCCAAGAACCATGGGGTAGTCATGCCAGATGCCAATAAGGAAAAT
ACCCTGAACCAGCTGGTTGGGGCAGCATTTGGAGCTGCTGGTCAGCGCTGCATGGCTCTT
TCAACAGCAGTCCTTGTGGGAGAAGCCAAGAAGTGGCTGCCAGAGCTGGTGGAGCATGCC
AAAAACCTGAGAGTCAATGCAGGAGATCAGCCTGGAGCTGATCTTGGCCCTCTGATCACT
CCCCAGGCCAAAGAGCGAGTCTGTAATCTGATTGATAGTGGAACAAAGGAGGGAGCTTCC
ATCCTTCTTGATGGACGAAAAATTAAAGTGAAAGGCTATGAAAATGGCAACTTTGTTGGA
CCAACCATCATCTCGAATGTCAAGCCAAATATGACCTGTTACAAAGAGGAGATTTTTGGT
CCAGTTCTTGTGGTTCTGGAGACAGAAACATTGGATGAAGCCATCCAGATTGTAAATAAC
AACCCATATGGAAATGGAACTGCCATCTTCACCACCAATGGAGCCACTGCTCGGAAATAT
GCCCACTTGGTGGATGTTGGACAGGTGGGAGTGAATGTCCCCATTCCAGTGCCTTTGCCA
ATGTTCTCATTCACCGGCTCTCGATCCTCCTTCAGGGGAGACACCAATTTCTATGGCAAA
CAGGGCATCCAATTCTACACTCAGTTAAAGACCATTACTTCTCAGTGGAAAGAAGAAGAT
GCTACTCTTTCCTCACCTGCTGTTGTCATGCCTACCATGGGCCGTTAG

1. Chambliss KL, Gray RG, Rylance G, Pollitt RJ, Gibson KM: Molecular characterization of methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2000 Jul;23(5):497-504. [PubMed ]
2. Kedishvili NY, Popov KM, Rougraff PM, Zhao Y, Crabb DW, Harris RA: CoA-dependent methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, a unique member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily. cDNA cloning, evolutionary relationships, and tissue distribution. J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 25;267(27):19724-9. [PubMed ]

1. LCAD

MAARLLRGSLRVLGGHRAPRQLPAARCSHSGGEERLETPSAKKLTDIGIRRIFSPEHDIF
RKSVRKFFQEEVIPHHSEWEKAGEVSREVWEKAGKQGLLGVNIAEHLGGIGGDLYSAAIV
WEEQAYSNCSGPGFSIHSGIVMSYITNHGSEEQIKHFIPQMTAGKCIGAIAMTEPGAGSD
LQGIKTNAKKDGSDWILNGSKVFISNGSLSDVVIVVAVTNHEAPSPAHGISLFLVENGMK
GFIKGRKLHKMGLKAQDTAELFFEDIRLPASALLGEENKGFYYIMKELPQERLLIADVAI
SATEFMFEETRNYVKQRKAFGKTVAHLQTVQHQLAELKTHICVTRAFVDNCLQLHEAKRL
DSATACMAKYWASELQNSVAYDCVQLHGGWGYMWEYPIAKAYVDARVQPIYGGTNEIMKE
LIAREIVFDK

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor

• Acyl-CoA_dh_1 (PF00441 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_N (PF02771 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCGCACGCCTTCTCCGAGGGTCCCTACGCGTCCTGGGCGGCCACCGTGCGCCGCGC
CAGCTGCCCGCCGCGCGATGTTCTCATTCCGGAGGGGAAGAACGTCTAGAAACTCCTTCT
GCTAAAAAATTAACAGATATAGGAATTCGAAGAATCTTTTCTCCAGAGCATGACATTTTC
CGGAAAAGTGTAAGGAAGTTTTTCCAAGAAGAAGTGATTCCTCATCACTCAGAATGGGAG
AAAGCTGGAGAAGTAAGTAGGGAGGTTTGGGAAAAAGCTGGAAAACAAGGACTGCTTGGT
GTCAATATTGCAGAGCATCTTGGTGGAATTGGAGGGGATCTGTACTCCGCAGCTATTGTC
TGGGAGGAGCAAGCTTATTCAAATTGTTCAGGCCCAGGTTTTAGTATTCATTCAGGTATT
GTCATGTCCTATATTACAAACCATGGCTCAGAAGAACAGATTAAGCACTTTATTCCCCAG
ATGACTGCAGGCAAATGTATTGGTGCAATAGCAATGACAGAGCCTGGAGCTGGAAGTGAC
TTACAGGGAATAAAAACAAATGCTAAAAAGGATGGAAGTGACTGGATTCTCAATGGAAGC
AAGGTGTTCATCAGTAATGGGTCATTAAGTGATGTTGTGATTGTAGTTGCGGTCACAAAT
CATGAAGCTCCCTCCCCTGCCCATGGTATTAGCCTTTTTCTGGTGGAAAATGGAATGAAA
GGATTTATCAAGGGACGAAAGCTACATAAAATGGGATTAAAAGCCCAGGATACCGCAGAA
CTATTCTTTGAAGATATACGGTTGCCAGCTAGTGCCCTACTTGGAGAAGAGAATAAAGGC
TTCTATTACATCATGAAAGAGCTTCCACAGGAAAGGCTGTTAATTGCTGATGTGGCAATT
TCAGCTAGTGAATTCATGTTTGAAGAAACCAGGAACTATGTTAAACAAAGAAAAGCTTTT
GGCAAAACAGTTGCTCACCTACAGACAGTGCAACATAAATTAGCAGAATTAAAAACACAT
ATATGTGTAACCCGAGCATTTGTGGACAACTGTCTCCAGCTGCATGAAGCGAAACGTTTG
GACTCCGCCACTGCTTGCATGGCGAAATATTGGGCATCTGAGTTACAAAATAGTGTAGCT
TACGACTGTGTACAGCTCCATGGAGGTTGGGGATACATGTGGGAGTACCCAATTGCAAAA
GCTTATGTGGATGCCAGAGTTCAGCCAATCTATGGTGGTACAAATGAAATAATGAAGGAG
CTGATTGCAAGAGAGATTGTCTTTGACAAGTAG

1. Indo Y, Yang-Feng T, Glassberg R, Tanaka K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and assignment of the location of its gene (ACADL) to chromosome 2. Genomics. 1991 Nov;11(3):609-20. [PubMed ]
2. Indo Y, Yang-Feng T, Glassberg R, Tanaka K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and assignment of the location of its gene (ACADL) to chromosome 2. Genomics. 1992 Mar;12(3):626. [PubMed ]

1. SCAD
2. Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase

MAAALLARASGPARRALCPRAWRQLHTIYQSVELPETHQMLLQTCRDFAEKELFPIAAQV
DKEHLFPAAQVKKMGGLGLLAMDVPEELGGAGLDYLAYAIAMEEISRGCASTGVIMSVNN
SLYLGPILKFGSKEQKQAWVTPFTSGDKIGCFALSEPGNGSDAGAASTTARAEGDSWVLN
GTKAWITNAWEASAAVVFASTDRALQNKGISAFLVPMPTPGLTLGKKEDKLGIRGSSTAN
LIFEDCRIPKDSILGEPGMGFKIAMQTLDMGRIGIASQALGIAQTALDCAVNYAENRMAF
GAPLTKLQVIQFKLADMALALESARLLTWRAAMLKDNKKPFIKEAAMAKLAASEAATAIS
HQAIQILGGMGYVTEMPAERHYRDARITEIYEGTSEIQRLVIAGHLLRSYRS

• Butyrate Metabolism (map00650 )
• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• butanoyl-CoA + acceptor = 2-butenoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor

• Acyl-CoA_dh_1 (PF00441 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_N (PF02771 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCGCCGCGCTGCTCGCCCGGGCCTCGGGCCCTGCCCGCAGAGCTCTCTGTCCTAGG
GCCTGGCGGCAGTTACACACCATCTACCAGTCTGTGGAACTGCCCGAGACACACCAGATG
TTGCTCCAGACATGCCGGGACTTTGCCGAGAAGGAGTTGTTTCCCATTGCAGCCCAGGTG
GATAAGGAACATCTCTTCCCAGCGGCTCAGGTGAAGAAGATGGGCGGGCTTGGGCTTCTG
GCCATGGACGTGCCCGAGGAGCTTGGCGGTGCTGGCCTCGATTACCTGGCCTACGCCATC
GCCATGGAGGAGATCAGCCGTGGCTGCGCCTCCACCGGAGTCATCATGAGTGTCAACAAC
TCTCTCTACCTGGGGCCCATCTTGAAGTTTGGCTCCAAGGAGCAGAAGCAGGCGTGGGTC
ACGCCTTTCACCAGTGGTGACAAAATTGGCTGCTTTGCCCTCAGCGAACCAGGGAACGGC
AGTGATGCAGGAGCTGCGTCCACCACCGCCCGGGCCGAGGGCGACTCATGGGTTCTGAAT
GGAACCAAAGCCTGGATCACCAATGCCTGGGAGGCTTCGGCTGCCGTGGTCTTTGCCAGC
ACGGACAGAGCCCTGCAAAACAAGGGCATCAGTGCCTTCCTGGTCCCCATGCCAACGCCT
GGGCTCACGTTGGGGAAGAAAGAAGACAAGCTGGGCATCCGGGGCTCATCCACGGCCAAC
CTCATCTTTGAGGACTGTCGCATCCCCAAGGACAGCATCCTGGGGGAGCCAGGGATGGGC
TTCAAGATAGCCATGCAAACCCTGGACATGGGCCGCATCGGCATCGCCTCCCAGGCCCTG
GGCATTGCCCAGACCGCCCTCGATTGTGCTGTGAACTACGCTGAGAATCGCATGGCCTTC
GGGGCGCCCCTCACCAAGCTCCAGGTCATCCAGTTCAAGTTGGCAGACATGGCCCTGGCC
CTGGAGAGTGCCCGGCTGCTGACCTGGCGCGCTGCCATGCTGAAGGATAACAAGAAGCCT
TTCATCAAGGAGGCAGCCATGGCCAAGCTGGCCGCCTCGGAGGCCGCGACCGCCATCAGC
CACCAGGCCATCCAGATCCTGGGCGGCATGGGCTACGTGACAGAGATGCCGGCAGAGCGG
CACTACCGCGACGCCCGCATCACTGAGATCTACGAGGGCACCAGCGAAATCCAGCGGCTG
GTGATCGCCGGGCATCTGCTCAGGAGCTACCGGAGCTGA

1. Naito E, Ozasa H, Ikeda Y, Tanaka K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of complementary DNAs encoding human short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and the study of the molecular basis of human short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1989 May;83(5):1605-13. [PubMed ]
2. Corydon MJ, Andresen BS, Bross P, Kjeldsen M, Andreasen PH, Eiberg H, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N: Structural organization of the human short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. Mamm Genome. 1997 Dec;8(12):922-6. [PubMed ]
3. Hochstrasser DF, Frutiger S, Paquet N, Bairoch A, Ravier F, Pasquali C, Sanchez JC, Tissot JD, Bjellqvist B, Vargas R, et al.: Human liver protein map: a reference database established by microsequencing and gel comparison. Electrophoresis. 1992 Dec;13(12):992-1001. [PubMed ]
4. Naito E, Indo Y, Tanaka K: Identification of two variant short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase alleles, each containing a different point mutation in a patient with short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1990 May;85(5):1575-82. [PubMed ]
5. Gregersen N, Winter VS, Corydon MJ, Corydon TJ, Rinaldo P, Ribes A, Martinez G, Bennett MJ, Vianey-Saban C, Bhala A, Hale DE, Lehnert W, Kmoch S, Roig M, Riudor E, Eiberg H, Andresen BS, Bross P, Bolund LA, Kolvraa S: Identification of four new mutations in the short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) gene in two patients: one of the variant alleles, 511C-->T, is present at an unexpectedly high frequency in the general population, as was the case for 625G-->A, together conferring susceptibility to ethylmalonic aciduria. Hum Mol Genet. 1998 Apr;7(4):619-27. [PubMed ]
6. Corydon MJ, Vockley J, Rinaldo P, Rhead WJ, Kjeldsen M, Winter V, Riggs C, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Smeitink J, De Jong J, Levy H, Sewell AC, Roe C, Matern D, Dasouki M, Gregersen N: Role of common gene variations in the molecular pathogenesis of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Pediatr Res. 2001 Jan;49(1):18-23. [PubMed ]

1. MCAD

MAAGFGRCCRVLRSISRFHWRSQHTKANRQREPGLGFSFEFTEQQKEFQATARKFAREEI
IPVAAEYDKTGEYPVPLIRRAWELGLMNTHIPENCGGLGLGTFDACLISEELAYGCTGVQ
TAIEGNSLGQMPIIIAGNDQQKKKYLGRMTEEPLMCAYCVTEPGAGSDVAGIKTKAEKKG
DEYIINGQKMWITNGGKANWYFLLARSDPDPKAPANKAFTGFIVEADTPGIQIGRKELNM
GQRCSDTRGIVFEDVKVPKENVLIGDGAGFKVAMGAFDKTRPVVAAGAVGLAQRALDEAT
KYALERKTFGKLLVEHQAISFMLAEMAMKVELARMSYQRAAWEVDSGRRNTYYASIAKAF
AGDIANQLATDAVQILGGNGFNTEYPVEKLMRDAKIYQIYEGTSQIQRLIVAREHIDKYK
N

• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )
• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor

• Acyl-CoA_dh_1 (PF00441 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_N (PF02771 )

• None

• None

ATGGCAGCGGGGTTCGGGCGATGCTGCAGGGTCCTGAGAAGTATTTCTCGTTTTCATTGG
AGATCACAGCATACAAAAGCCAATCGACAACGTGAACCAGGATTAGGATTTAGTTTTGAG
TTCACCGAACAGCAGAAAGAATTTCAAGCTACTGCTCGTAAATTTGCCAGAGAGGAAATC
ATCCCAGTGGCTGCAGAATATGATAAAACTGGTGAATATCCAGTCCCCCTAATTAGAAGA
GCCTGGGAACTTGGTTTAATGAACACACACATTCCAGAGAACTGTGGAGGTCTTGGACTT
GGAACTTTTGATGCTTGTTTAATTAGTGAAGAATTGGCTTATGGATGTACAGGGGTTCAG
ACTGCTATTGAAGGAAATTCTTTGGGGCAAATGCCTATTATTATTGCTGGAAATGATCAA
CAAAAGAAGAAGTATTTGGGGAGAATGACTGAGGAGCCATTGATGTGTGCTTATTGTGTA
ACAGAACCTGGAGCAGGCTCTGATGTAGCTGGTATAAAGACCAAAGCAGAAAAGAAAGGA
GATGAGTATATTATTAATGGTCAGAAGATGTGGATAACCAACGGAGGAAAAGCTAATTGG
TATTTTTTATTGGCACGTTCTGATCCAGATCCTAAAGCTCCTGCTAATAAAGCCTTTACT
GGATTCATTGTGGAAGCAGATACCCCAGGAATTCAGATTGGGAGAAAGGAATTAAACATG
GGCCAGCGATGTTCAGATACTAGAGGAATTGTCTTCGAAGATGTGAAAGTGCCTAAAGAA
AATGTTTTAATTGGTGACGGAGCTGGTTTCAAAGTTGCAATGGGAGCTTTTGATAAAACC
AGACCTGTAGTAGCTGCTGGTGCTGTTGGATTAGCACAAAGAGCTTTGGATGAAGCTACC
AAGTATGCCCTGGAAAGGAAAACTTTCGGAAAGCTACTTGTAGAGCACCAAGCAATATCA
TTTATGCTGGCTGAAATGGCAATGAAAGTTGAACTAGCTAGAATGAGTTACCAGAGAGCA
GCTTGGGAGGTTGATTCTGGTCGTCGAAATACCTATTATGCTTCTATTGCAAAGGCATTT
GCTGGAGATATTGCAAATCAGTTAGCTACTGATGCTGTGCAGATACTTGGAGGCAATGGA
TTTAATACAGAATATCCTGTAGAAAAACTAATGAGGGATGCCAAAATCTATCAGATTTAT
GAAGGTACTTCACAAATTCAAAGACTTATTGTAGCCCGTGAACACATTGACAAGTACAAA
AATTAA

1. Kelly DP, Kim JJ, Billadello JJ, Hainline BE, Chu TW, Strauss AW: Nucleotide sequence of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase mRNA and its expression in enzyme-deficient human tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(12):4068-72. [PubMed ]
2. Matsubara Y, Narisawa K, Miyabayashi S, Tada K, Coates PM, Bachmann C, Elsas LJ 2nd, Pollitt RJ, Rhead WJ, Roe CR: Identification of a common mutation in patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Aug 31;171(1):498-505. [PubMed ]
3. Lee HJ, Wang M, Paschke R, Nandy A, Ghisla S, Kim JJ: Crystal structures of the wild type and the Glu376Gly/Thr255Glu mutant of human medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase: influence of the location of the catalytic base on substrate specificity. Biochemistry. 1996 Sep 24;35(38):12412-20. [PubMed ]
4. Tanaka K, Yokota I, Coates PM, Strauss AW, Kelly DP, Zhang Z, Gregersen N, Andresen BS, Matsubara Y, Curtis D, et al.: Mutations in the medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) gene. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(4):271-9. [PubMed ]
5. Yokota I, Indo Y, Coates PM, Tanaka K: Molecular basis of medium chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. An A to G transition at position 985 that causes a lysine-304 to glutamate substitution in the mature protein is the single prevalent mutation. J Clin Invest. 1990 Sep;86(3):1000-3. [PubMed ]
6. Kelly DP, Whelan AJ, Ogden ML, Alpers R, Zhang ZF, Bellus G, Gregersen N, Dorland L, Strauss AW: Molecular characterization of inherited medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9236-40. [PubMed ]
7. Yokota I, Coates PM, Hale DE, Rinaldo P, Tanaka K: Molecular survey of a prevalent mutation, 985A-to-G transition, and identification of five infrequent mutations in the medium-chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) gene in 55 patients with MCAD deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;49(6):1280-91. [PubMed ]
8. Gregersen N, Andresen BS, Bross P, Winter V, Rudiger N, Engst S, Christensen E, Kelly D, Strauss AW, Kolvraa S, et al.: Molecular characterization of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency: identification of a lys329 to glu mutation in the MCAD gene, and expression of inactive mutant enzyme protein in E. coli. Hum Genet. 1991 Apr;86(6):545-51. [PubMed ]
9. Blakemore AI, Singleton H, Pollitt RJ, Engel PC, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N, Curtis D: Frequency of the G985 MCAD mutation in the general population. Lancet. 1991 Feb 2;337(8736):298-9. [PubMed ]
10. Andresen BS, Jensen TG, Bross P, Knudsen I, Winter V, Kolvraa S, Bolund L, Ding JH, Chen YT, Van Hove JL, et al.: Disease-causing mutations in exon 11 of the medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jun;54(6):975-88. [PubMed ]
11. Ziadeh R, Hoffman EP, Finegold DN, Hoop RC, Brackett JC, Strauss AW, Naylor EW: Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in Pennsylvania: neonatal screening shows high incidence and unexpected mutation frequencies. Pediatr Res. 1995 May;37(5):675-8. [PubMed ]
12. Brackett JC, Sims HF, Steiner RD, Nunge M, Zimmerman EM, deMartinville B, Rinaldo P, Slaugh R, Strauss AW: A novel mutation in medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase causes sudden neonatal death. J Clin Invest. 1994 Oct;94(4):1477-83. [PubMed ]
13. Andresen BS, Bross P, Udvari S, Kirk J, Gray G, Kmoch S, Chamoles N, Knudsen I, Winter V, Wilcken B, Yokota I, Hart K, Packman S, Harpey JP, Saudubray JM, Hale DE, Bolund L, Kolvraa S, Gregersen N: The molecular basis of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency in compound heterozygous patients: is there correlation between genotype and phenotype? Hum Mol Genet. 1997 May;6(5):695-707. [PubMed ]
14. Kuchler B, Abdel-Ghany AG, Bross P, Nandy A, Rasched I, Ghisla S: Biochemical characterization of a variant human medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase with a disease-associated mutation localized in the active site. Biochem J. 1999 Jan 15;337 ( Pt 2):225-30. [PubMed ]
15. Yang BZ, Ding JH, Zhou C, Dimachkie MM, Sweetman L, Dasouki MJ, Wilkinson J, Roe CR: Identification of a novel mutation in patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab. 2000 Mar;69(3):259-62. [PubMed ]
16. Andresen BS, Dobrowolski SF, O'Reilly L, Muenzer J, McCandless SE, Frazier DM, Udvari S, Bross P, Knudsen I, Banas R, Chace DH, Engel P, Naylor EW, Gregersen N: Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) mutations identified by MS/MS-based prospective screening of newborns differ from those observed in patients with clinical symptoms: identification and characterization of a new, prevalent mutation that results in mild MCAD deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1408-18. Epub 2001 May 8. [PubMed ]
17. Zschocke J, Schulze A, Lindner M, Fiesel S, Olgemoller K, Hoffmann GF, Penzien J, Ruiter JP, Wanders RJ, Mayatepek E: Molecular and functional characterisation of mild MCAD deficiency. Hum Genet. 2001 May;108(5):404-8. [PubMed ]
18. Albers S, Levy HL, Irons M, Strauss AW, Marsden D: Compound heterozygosity in four asymptomatic siblings with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2001 Jun;24(3):417-8. [PubMed ]

1. Palmitoyl-CoA oxidase
2. AOX
3. Straight-chain acyl-CoA oxidase
4. SCOX

MNPDLRRERDSASFNPELLTHILDGSPEKTRRRREIENMILNDPDFQHEDLNFLTRSQRY
EVAVRKSAIMVKKMREFGIADPDEIMWFKKLHLVNFVEPVGLNYSMFIPTLLNQGTTAQK
EKWLLSSKGLQIIGTYAQTEMGHGTHLRGLETTATYDPETQEFILNSPTVTSIKWWPGGL
GKTSNHAIVLAQLITKGKCYGLHAFIVPIREIGTHKPLPGITVGDIGPKFGYDEIDNGYL
KMDNHRIPRENMLMKYAQVKPDGTYVKPLSNKLTYGTMVFVRSFLVGEAARALSKACTIA
IRYSAVRHQSEIKPGEPEPQILDFQTQQYKLFPLLATAYAFQFVGAYMKETYHRINEGIG
QGDLSELPELHALTAGLKAFTSWTANTGIEACRMACGGHGYSHCSGLPNIYVNFTPSCTF
EGENTVMMLQTARFLMKSYDQVHSGKLVCGMVSYLNDLPSQRIQPQQVAVWPTMVDINSP
ESLTEAYKLRAARLVEIAAKNLQKEVIHRKSKEVAWNLTSVDLVRASEAHCHYVVVKLFS
EKLLKIQDKAIQAVLRSLCLLYSLYGISQNAGDFLQGSIMTEPQITQVNQRVKELLTLIR
SDAVALVDAFDFQDVTLGSVLGRYDGNVYENLFEWAKNSPLNKAEVHESYKHLKSLQSKL

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + H2O2

• ACOX (PF01756 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )

• None

• None

ATGAACCCGGACCTGCGCAGGGAGCGGGATTCCGCCAGCTTCAACCCGGAGCTGCTTACA
CACATCCTGGACGGCAGCCCCGAGAAAACGCGCCGCCGCCGAGAGATCGAGAACATGATC
CTGAACGACCCAGACTTCCAGCATGAGGACTTGAACTTCCTCACTCGCAGCCAGCGTTAT
GAGGTGGCTGTCAGGAAAAGTGCCATCATGGTGAAGAAGATGAGGGAGTTTGGCATCGCT
GACCCTGATGAAATTATGTGGTTTAAAAAACTACATTTGGTCAATTTTGTGGAACCTGTG
GGCCTCAATTACTCCATGTTTATTCCTACCTTGCTGAATCAGGGCACCACTGCTCAGAAA
GAGAAATGGCTGCTTTCATCCAAAGGACTCCAGATAATTGGCACCTACGCCCAGACGGAA
ATGGGCCACGGAACTCACCTTCGAGGCTTGGAAACCACAGCCACGTATGACCCTGAAACC
CAGGAGTTCATTCTCAACAGTCCTACTGTGACCTCCATTAAATGGTGGCCTGGTGGGCTT
GGAAAGACTTCAAATCATGCAATAGTTCTTGCCCAGCTCATCACTAAGGGAAAATGCTAT
GGATTACATGCCTTTATCGTACCTATTCGTGAAAATCGGACCCATAAGCCTTTGCCAGGA
ATTACCGTTGGTGACATCGGCCCCAAATTTGGTTATGATGAGATAGACAATGGCTACCTC
AAAATGGACAACCATCGTATTCCCAGAGAAAACATGCTGATGAAGTATGCCCAGGTGAAG
CCTGATGGACCATACGTGAAACCGCTGAGTAACAAGCTGACTTACGGGACCATGGTGTTT
GTCAGGTCCTTCCTTGTGGGAGAAGCTGCTCGGGCTCTGTCTAAGGCGTGCACCATTGCC
ATCCGATACAGCGCTGTGAGGCACCAGTCTGAAATCAAGCCAGGTGAACCAGAACCACAG
ATTTTGGATTTTCAAACCCAGCAGTATAAACTCTTTCCACTCCTGGCCACTGCCTATGCC
TTCCAGTTTGTGGGCGCATACATGAAGGAGACCTATCACCGGATTAACGAAGGCATTGGT
CAAGGGGACCTGAGTGAACTGCCTGAGCTTCATGCCCTCACCGCTGGACTGAAGGCTTTC
ACCTCCTGGACTGCAAACACTGGCATTGAAGCATGTCGGATGGCTTGTGGTGGGCATGGC
TATTCTCATTGCAGTGGTCTTCCAAATATTTATGTCAATTTCACCCCAAGCTGTACCTTT
GAGGGAGAAAACACTGTCATGATGCTCCAGACGGCTAGGTTCCTGATGAAAAGTTATGAT
CAGGTGCACTCAGGAAAGTTGGTGTGTGGCATGGTGTCCTATTTGAACGACCTGCCCAGT
CAGCGCATCCAGCCACAGCAGGTAGCAGTCTGGCCAACCATGGTGGATATCAACAGCCCC
GAAAGCCTAACCGAAGCATATAAACTCCGTGCAGCCAGATTAGTAGAAATTGCTGCAAAA
AACCTTCAAAAAGAAGTGATTCACAGAAAAAGCAAGGAGGTAGCTTGGAACCTAACTTCT
GTTGACCTTGTTCGAGCAAGTGAGGCACATTTGCACTATGGGTTAGTTAAGCTCTTTTCA
GAAAAACTCCTCAAAATTCAAGATAAAGCCATTCAAGCTGTCTTAAGGAGTTTATGTCTG
CTGTATTCTCTGTATGGAATCAGTCAGAACGCGGGGGATTTCCTTCAGGGGAGCATCATG
ACAGAGCCTCAGATTACACAAGTAAACCAGCGTGTAAAGGAGTTACTCACTCTGATTCGC
TCAGATGCTGTTGCTTTGGTTGATGCATTTGATTTTCAGGATGTGACACTTGGCTCTGTG
CTTGGCCGCTATGATGGGAATGTGTATGAAAACTTGTTTGAGTGGGCTAAGAACTCCCCA
CTGAACAAAGCAGAGGTCCACGAATCTTACAAGCACCTGAAGTCACTGCAGTCCAAGCTC
TGA

1. Varanasi U, Chu R, Chu S, Espinosa R, LeBeau MM, Reddy JK: Isolation of the human peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase gene: organization, promoter analysis, and chromosomal localization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 12;91(8):3107-11. [PubMed ]
2. Chu R, Varanasi U, Chu S, Lin Y, Usuda N, Rao MS, Reddy JK: Overexpression and characterization of the human peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase in insect cells. J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 3;270(9):4908-15. [PubMed ]
3. Fournier B, Saudubray JM, Benichou B, Lyonnet S, Munnich A, Clevers H, Poll-The BT: Large deletion of the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase gene in pseudoneonatal adrenoleukodystrophy. J Clin Invest. 1994 Aug;94(2):526-31. [PubMed ]
4. Aoyama T, Tsushima K, Souri M, Kamijo T, Suzuki Y, Shimozawa N, Orii T, Hashimoto T: Molecular cloning and functional expression of a human peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Feb 15;198(3):1113-8. [PubMed ]

1. 3-alpha,7- alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA 24-hydroxylase
2. 3- alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA oxidase
3. Trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase
4. THCCox
5. THCA-CoA oxidase

MGSPVHRVSLGDTWSRQMHPDIESERYMQSFDVERLTNILDGGAQNTALRRKVESIIHSY
PEFSCKDNYFMTQNERYKAAMRRAFHIRLIARRLGWLEDGRELGYAYRALSGDVALNIHR
VFVRALRSLGSEEQIAKWDPLCKNIQIIATYAQTELGHGTYLQGLETEATYDAATQEFVI
HSPTLTATKWWPGDLGRSATHALVQAQLICSGARRGMHAFIVPIRSLQDHTPLPGIIIGD
IGPKMDFDQTDNGFLQLNHVRVPRENMLSRFAQVLPDGTYVKLGTAQSNYLPMVVVRVEL
LSGEILPILQKACVIAMRYSVIRRQSRLRPSDPEAKVLDYQTQQQKLFPQLAISYAFHFL
AVSLLEFFQHSYTAILNQDFSFLPELHALSTGMKAMMSEFCTQGAEMCRRACGGHGYSKL
SGLPSLVTKLSASCTYEGENTVLYLQVARFLVKSYLQTQMSPGSTPQRSLSPSVAYLTAP
DLARCPAQRAADFLCPELYTTAWAHVAVRLIKDSVQHLQTLTQSGADQHEAWNQTTVIHL
QAAKVHCYYVTVKGFTEALEKLENEPAIQQVLKRLCDLHAIHGILTNSGDFLHDAFLSGA
QVDMARTAYLDLLRLIRKDAILLTDAFDFTDQCLNSALGCYDGNVYERLFQWAQKSPTNT
QENPAYEEYIRPLLQSWRSKL

• ACOX (PF01756 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )

• None

• None

ATGGGCAGCCCAGTGCACCGAGTGTCATTGGGGGATACCTGGAGCAGGCAAATGCACCCC
GACATAGAGAGCGAGAGGTATATGCAGTCCTTTGACGTGGAACGGCTCACCAACATCCTT
GATGGAGGTGCCCAGAACACTGCACTCCGCAGGAAAGTTGAGAGCATCATCCACAGTTAC
CCGGAGTTTAGCTGTAAGGACAATTATTTCATGACCCAGAATGAGCGTTATAAGGCTGCC
ATGCGGAGGGCATTCCACATCCGGTTGATAGCTCGGCGCCTGGGTTGGTTAGAAGATGGT
CGTGAATTAGGCTACGCTTACAGAGCCCTTTCTGGAGACGTGGCCTTAAATATACACAGA
GTCTTCGTGAGAGCCCTCAGGAGCCTGGGCTCAGAGGAGCAGATTGCCAAATGGGACCCA
CTCTGCAAAAACATCCAGATCATCGCAACGTATGCACAGACAGAGTTGGGACATGGGACA
TATCTTCAGGGCCTGGAGACTGAAGCCACCTATGACGCAGCCACCCAGGAGTTTGTGATA
CACAGCCCCACGCTGACTGCCACCAAATGGTGGCCTGGAGACTTGGGACGGTCAGCCACC
CATGCCCTGGTCCAGGCCCAGCTGATCTGCTCAGGAGCCAGGCGGGGCATGCACGCTTTT
ATTGTGCCAATCCGGAGTCTTCAGGACCACACCCCACTGCCAGGAATCATCATTGGGGAC
ATCGGACCCAAGATGGACTTTGATCAAACAGACAATGGCTTCCTGCAGCTGAACCATGTG
CGGGTCCCCAGGGAGAACATGCTGAGTCGCTTTGCACAGGTCTTGCCAGATGGCACCTAC
GTCAAACTCGGTACAGCACAGAGCAACTACCTTCCCATGGTGGTGGTGCGGGTGGAGCTG
CTGTCAGGGGAGATCCTCCCTATACTGCAGAAGGCCTGTGTCATCGCCATGCGCTACTCG
GTCATCCGCCGCCAATCCCGGCTCCGGCCCAGTGACCCAGAGGCAAAGGTCCTGGACTAC
CAGACACAACAGCAGAAACTCTTTCCTCAGCTGGCCATCAGTTATGCCTTCCATTTCCTG
GCAGTCAGCCTCTTGGAGTTCTTCCAGCACTCCTACACTGCCATTCTGAACCAAGACTTC
AGCTTCCTGCCTGAGCTCCACGCGCTGAGCACGGGCATGAAGGCCATGATGTCAGAATTC
TGCACCCAGGGAGCTGAGATGTGCCGCAGGGCCTGTGGCGGACATGGCTACTCAAAGCTG
AGTGGCCTGCCATCACTGGTCACCAAATTGTCGGCCTCCTGCACCTACGAGGGTGAGAAC
ACAGTGCTCTACCTGCAGGTGGCCAGGTTCCTGGTGAAGAGCTACCTGCAGACTCAGATG
TCCCCTGGCTCCACGCCACAGAGATCTCTCTCTCCATCTGTCGCATATCTCACCGCACCT
GACCTGGCCAGGTGTCCAGCCCAGAGGGCAGCCGACTTCCTCTGCCCGGAGCTCTACACC
ACGGCCTGGGCACATGTGGCAGTAAGGCTCATAAAGGACTCAGTGCAGCATTTACAGACC
CTGACGCAATCCGGAGCTGACCAGCACGAGGCTTGGAACCAGACCACTGTCATACACCTC
CAGGCTGCTAAGGTGCACTGCTACTATGTCACTGTGAAGGGTTTTACAGAAGCTCTGGAG
AAACTAGAAAATGAACCAGCGATTCAGCAGGTGCTCAAGCGCCTCTGTGACCTCCATGCC
ATACATGGAATCTTGACTAACTCGGGTGACTTTCTCCATGACGCCTTCCTGTCTGGTGCC
CAAGTGGACATGGCAAGAACAGCCTACCTGGACCTGCTCCGCCTGATCCGGAAGGATGCC
ATCCTGTTAACTGATGCTTTTGACTTCACCGATCAGTGTTTAAATTCAGCCCTTGGCTGT
TATGATGGAAACGTCTACGAACGCCTGTTCCAGTGGGCTCAGAAGTCACCAACCAATACT
CAGGAGAACCCTGCCTATGAGGAATATATAAGACCACTTTTACAAAGTTGGAGATCCAAG
CTATGA

1. Baumgart E, Vanhooren JC, Fransen M, Marynen P, Puype M, Vandekerckhove J, Leunissen JA, Fahimi HD, Mannaerts GP, van Veldhoven PP: Molecular characterization of the human peroxisomal branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase: cDNA cloning, chromosomal assignment, tissue distribution, and evidence for the absence of the protein in Zellweger syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):13748-53. [PubMed ]

1. IVD

MATATRLLGWRVASWRLRPPLAGFVSQRAHSLLPVDDAINGLSEEQRQLRQTMAKFLQEH
LAPKAQEIDRSNEFKNLREFWKQLGNLGVLGITAPVQYGGSGLGYLEHVLVMEEISRASG
AVGLSYGAHSNLCINQLVRNGNEAQKEKYLPKLISGEYIGALAMSEPNAGSDVVSMKLKA
EKKGNHYILNGNKFWITNGPDADVLIVYAKTDLAAVPASRGITAFIVEKGMPGFSTSKKL
DKLGMRGSNTCELIFEDCKIPAANILGHENKGVYVLMSGLDLERLVLAGGPLGLMQAVLD
HTIPYLHVREAFGQKIGHFQLMQGKMADMYTRLMACRQYVYNVAKACDEGHCTAKDCAGV
ILYSAECATQVALDGIQCFGGNGYINDFPMGRFLRDAKLYEIGAGTSEVRRLVIGRAFNA
DFH

• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• 3-methylbutanoyl-CoA + acceptor = 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor

• Acyl-CoA_dh_1 (PF00441 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_N (PF02771 )

• 1-23

ATGGCGACTGCGACTCGGCTGCTGGGGTGGCGTGTGGCGAGCTGGAGGCTGCGGCCGCCG
CTTGCCGGCTTCGTTTCCCAGCGGGCCCACTCGCTTTTGCCCGTGGACGATGCAATCAAT
GGGCTAAGCGAGGAGCAGAGGCAGCTTCGTCAGACCATGGCTAAGTTCCTTCAGGAGCAC
CTGGCCCCCAAGGCCCAGGAGATCGATCGCAGCAATGAGTTCAAGAACCTGCGAGAATTT
TGGAAGCAGCTGGGGAACCTGGGCGTATTGGGCATCACAGCCCCTGTTCAGTATGGCGGC
TCCGGCCTGGGCTACCTGGAGCATGTGCTGGTGATGGAGGAGATATCCCGAGCTTCCGGA
GCAGTGGGGCTCAGTTACGGTGCCCACTCCAACCTCTGCATCAACCAGCTTGTACGCAAT
GGGAATGAGGCCCAGAAAGAGAAGTATCTCCCGAAGCTGATCAGTGGTGAGTACATCGGA
GCCCTGGCCATGAGTGAGCCCAATGCAGGCTCTGATGTTGTCTCTATGAAGCTCAAAGCG
GAAAAGAAAGGAAATCACTACATCCTGAATGGCAACAAGTTCTGGATCACTAATGGCCCT
GATGCTGACGTCCTGATTGTCTATGCCAAGACAGATCTGGCTGCTGTGCCAGCTTCTCGG
GGCATCACAGCCTTCATTGTGGAGAAGGGTATGCCTGGCTTTAGCACCTCTAAGAAGCTG
GACAAGCTGGGGATGAGGGGCTCTAACACCTGTGAGCTAATCTTTGAAGACTGCAAGATT
CCTGCTGCCAACATCCTGGGCCATGAGAATAAGGGTGTCTACGTGCTGATGAGTGGGCTG
GACCTGGAGCGGCTGGTGCTGGCCGGGGGGCCTCTTGGGCTCATGCAAGCGGTCCTGGAC
CACACCATTCCCTACCTGCACGTGAGGGAAGCCTTTGGCCAGAAGATCGGCCACTTCCAG
TTGATGCAGGGGAAGATGGCTGACATGTACACCCGCCTCATGGCGTGTCGGCAGTATGTC
TACAATGTCGCCAAGGCCTGCGATGAGGGCCATTGCACTGCTAAGGACTGTGCAGGTGTG
ATTCTTTACTCAGCTGAGTGTGCTACACAGGTAGCCCTGGACGGCATTCAGTGTTTTGGT
GGCAATGGCTACATCAATGACTTTCCCATGGGCCGCTTTCTTCGAGATGCCAAGCTGTAT
GAGATAGGGGCTGGGACCAGCGAGGTGAGGCGGCTGGTCATCGGCAGAGCCTTCAATGCA
GACTTTCACTAG

1. Matsubara Y, Ito M, Glassberg R, Satyabhama S, Ikeda Y, Tanaka K: Nucleotide sequence of messenger RNA encoding human isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and its expression in isovaleric acidemia fibroblasts. J Clin Invest. 1990 Apr;85(4):1058-64. [PubMed ]
2. Vockley J, Rogan PK, Anderson BD, Willard J, Seelan RS, Smith DI, Liu W: Exon skipping in IVD RNA processing in isovaleric acidemia caused by point mutations in the coding region of the IVD gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Feb;66(2):356-67. [PubMed ]
3. Parimoo B, Tanaka K: Structural organization of the human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1993 Mar;15(3):582-90. [PubMed ]
4. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
5. Mohsen AW, Vockley J: Identification of the active site catalytic residue in human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 1995 Aug 15;34(32):10146-52. [PubMed ]
6. Tiffany KA, Roberts DL, Wang M, Paschke R, Mohsen AW, Vockley J, Kim JJ: Structure of human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase at 2.6 A resolution: structural basis for substrate specificity,. Biochemistry. 1997 Jul 15;36(28):8455-64. [PubMed ]
7. Vockley J, Parimoo B, Tanaka K: Molecular characterization of four different classes of mutations in the isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene responsible for isovaleric acidemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Jul;49(1):147-57. [PubMed ]
8. Mohsen AW, Anderson BD, Volchenboum SL, Battaile KP, Tiffany K, Roberts D, Kim JJ, Vockley J: Characterization of molecular defects in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase in patients with isovaleric acidemia. Biochemistry. 1998 Jul 14;37(28):10325-35. [PubMed ]

1. Pristanoyl-CoA oxidase
2. Branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase
3. BRCACox

MASTVEGGDTALLPEFPRGPLDAYRARASFSWKELALFTEGEGMLRFKKTIFSALENDPL
FARSPGADLSLEKYRELNFLRCKRIFEYDFLSVEDMFKSPLKVPALIQCLGMYDSSLAAK
YLLHSLVFGSAVYSSGSERHLTYIQKIFRMEIFGCFALTELSHGSNTKAIRTTAHYDPAT
EEFIIHSPDFEAAKFWVGNMGKTATHAVVFAKLCVPGDQCHGLHPFIVQIRDPKTLLPMP
GVMVGDIGKKLGQNGLDNGFAMFHKVRVPRQSLLNRMGDVTPEGTYVSPFKDVRQRFGAS
LGSLSSGRVSIVSLAILNLKLAVAIALRFSATRRQFGPTEEEEIPVLEYPMQQWRLLPYL
AAVYALDHFSKSLFLDLVELQRGLASGDRSARQAELGREIHALASASKPLASWTTQQGIQ
ECREACGGHGYLAMNRLGVLRDDNDPNCTYEGDNNILLQQTSNYLLGLLAHQVHDGACFR
SPLKSVDFLDAYPGILDQKFEVSSVADCLDSAVALAAYKWLVCYLLRETYQKLNQEKRSG
SSDFEARNKCQVSHGRPLALAFVELTVVQRFHEHVHQPSVPPSLRAVLGRLSALYALWSL
SRHAALLYRGGYFSGEQAGEVLESAVLALCSQLKDDAVALVDVIAPPDFVLDSPIGRADG
ELYKNLWGAVLQESKVLERASWWPEFSVNKPVIGSLKSKL

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + H2O2

• ACOX (PF01756 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_1 (PF00441 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )

• None

• None

ATGGCATCCACTGTGGAAGGAGGCGACACAGCTCTGCTCCCAGAATTCCCCAGGGGGCCC
CTCGATGCCTACCGAGCAAGAGCGTCCTTCAGCTGGAAGGACGTGGCGCTGTTCACGGAA
GGGGAGGGCAATGTCCGCTTTAAGAAAACCATCTTCTCAGCTCTTGAGAATGACCCTCTT
TTCGCTCGTTCCCCTGGAGCCGACCTGTCCTTGGAGAAGTATCGCGAGCTGAACTTCCTT
CGATGCAAGCGGATCTTCGAGTATGACTTCCTCAGTGTCGAAGCAATGTTCAAGAGCCCT
CTGAAGGTCCCCGCCTTGATTCAGTGCCTGGGCATGTATGACTCTTCTCTGGCTGCCAAG
TACCTCCTCCATAGCTTGGTTTTTGGATCAGCAGTTTACAGTTCTGGTTCTGAAAGACAT
CTCACATATATTCAAAAGATCTTCAGGATGGAGATTTTTGGATGTTTTGCTCTGACCGAA
TTAAGCCACGGCAGTAATACCAAGGCCATTCGCACAACTGCCCACTACGATCCTGCCACT
GAGGAATTCATCATACATTCCCCTGATTTCGAAGCTGCCAAGTTTTGGGTTGGCAACATG
GGCAAGACAGCCACTCACGCGGTGGTGTTTGCTAAGCTGTGTGTGCCAGGGGACCAGTGC
CATGGGCTGCATCCCTTTATCGTGCAGATCCGGGACCCGAAGACCCTTCTTCCCATGCCT
GGAGTGATGGTTGGCGACATAGGAAAAAAACTCGGGCAGAACGGTCTAGATAATGGTTTC
GCCATGTTCCACAAGGTCAGAGTTCCTCGCCAGAGCCTTCTGAACCGGATGGGAGACGTC
ACCCCCGAGGGCACCTATGTCAGCCCCTTTAAGGACGTCAGGCAGCGCTTTGGAGCGTCC
CTGGGGAGCCTGTCCTCGGGCCGGGTCTCCATCGTGAGCCTGGCCATCCTTAACCTAAAG
CTGGCCGTGGCCATCGCTCTTCGCTTCTCAGCCACTCGGCGTCAGTTTGGACCCACAGAG
GAGGAGGAAATACCAGTGCTTGAGTATCCAATGCAGCAATGGCGCTTGCTTCCATATCTG
GCAGCTGTCTACGGCTTAGACCATTTCTCCAAGTCGCTCTTCCTGGACCTGGTGGAGCTC
CAGCGAGGACTTGCATCGGGAGACCGCAGCGCCAGACAGGCAGAGCTTGGACGTGAGATC
CACGCCCTGGCATCGGCCAGCAAGCCCCTGGCCTCGTGGACCACCCAGCAAGGAATTCAG
GAATGCCGGGAGGCGTGTGGAGGACACGGCTATCTGGCCATGAACCGGTTGGGTGTCCTT
AGAGATGACAACGATCCCAACTGCACATACGAAGGTGACAACAACATCCTGCTGCAGCAG
ACAAGCAACTATTTGCTGGGTCTCCTGGCACACCAGGTCCACGATGGAGCTTGCTTCCGC
AGTCCGCTGAAGTCAGTGGACTTTCTGGACGCCTATCCCGGCATCCTTGACCAGAAGTTT
GAGGTCTCCAGTGTTGCCGACTGCTTGGACTCTGCAGTCGCCCTGGCAGCATACAAGTGG
CTGGTTTGCTACCTGCTCCGAGAGACTTATCAAAAATTAAACCAAGAGAAAAGATCAGGA
AGCAGTGACTTTGAAGCAAGGAACAAATGCCAGGTGTCCCACGGCCGTCCGTTGGCGCTG
GCCTTCGTGGAGCTCACGGTGGTCCAGAGGTTCCACGAGCACGTGCACCAGCCTTCCGTG
CCGCCCTCGCTGCGGGCCGTGCTGGGGCGGCTCAGTGCTCTGTACGCCCTGTGGTCCCTG
AAGCGCCACGCGGCCCTGCTCTACCGAGGAGGATACTTCTCCGGTGAGCAGGCGGGAGAA
GTGTTGGAGAGCGCCGTCCTGGCTTTGTGTTCCCAGCTGAAAGACGATGCAGTTGCCCTG
GTAGACGTGATCGCTCCTCCTGACTTTGTTCTGGACTCACCGATTGGCAGAGCCGACGGC
GAGCTCTACAAAAACCTCTGGGGCGCTGTCCTGCAGGAAAGCAAGGTGTTGGAGCGGGCA
TCCTGGTGGCCAGAGTTTTCTGTGAACAAACCTGTCATAGGAAGTCTGAAATCGAAGCTC
TAG

1. Vanhooren JC, Marynen P, Mannaerts GP, Van Veldhoven PP: Evidence for the existence of a pristanoyl-CoA oxidase gene in man. Biochem J. 1997 Aug 1;325 ( Pt 3):593-9. [PubMed ]

1. GCD

MALRGVSVRLLSRGPGLHVLRTWVSSAAQTEKGGRTQSQLAKSSRPEFDWQDPLVLEEQL
TTDEILIRDTFRTYCQERLMPRILLANRNEVFHREIISEMGELGVLGPTIKGYGCAGVSS
VAYGLLARELERVDSGYRSAMSVQSSLVMHPIYAYGSEEQRQKYLPQLAKGELLGCFGLT
EPNSGSDPSSMETRAHYNSSNKSYTLNGTKTWITNSPMADLFVVWARCEDGCIRGFLLEK
GMRGLSAPRIQGKFSLRASATGMIIMDGVEVPEENVLPGASSLGGPFGCLNNARYGIAWG
VLGASEFCLHTARQYALDRMQFGVPLARNQLIQKKLADMLTEITLGLHACLQLGRLKDQD
KAAPEMVSLLKRNNCGKALDIARQARDMLGGNGISDEYHVIRHAMNLEAVNTYEGTHDIH
ALILGRAITGIQAFTASK

• Benzoate Degradation via CoA Ligation (map00632 )
• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )
• Lysine Degradation (map00310 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )

• glutaryl-CoA + acceptor = crotonoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced acceptor

• Acyl-CoA_dh_1 (PF00441 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_N (PF02771 )

• 1-30

ATGGCCCTGAGAGGCGTCTCCGTGCGGCTGCTGAGCCGCGGACCCGGCCTGCACGTCCTT
CGCACGTGGGTCTCGTCGGCGGCGCAGACCGAGAAAGGCGGGAGAACACAGAGCCAACTG
GCTAAGTCCTCGCGTCCCGAGTTTGACTGGCAGGACCCGCTGGTGCTGGAGGAGCAGCTG
ACCACAGATGAGATCCTCATCAGGGACACCTTCCGCACCTACTGCCAGGAGAGACTCATG
CCTCGCATCCTGTTGGCCAATCGCAACGAAGTTTTTCATCGGGAGATCATTTCGGAGATG
GGGGAGTTGGGTGTGCTGGGCCCCACCATCAAAGGATATGGCTGTGCTGGGGTTTCGTCT
GTGGCCTATGGGCTCCTGGCCCGAGAGCTGGAGCGGGTGGACAGTGGCTACAGGTCGGCG
ATGAGTGTCCAGTCCTCCCTCGTCATGCACCCTATCTATGCCTATGGCAGCGAGGAACAG
CGGCAGAAGTACCTGCCCCAGCTGGCCAAGGGGGAGCTCCTGGGCTGCTTCGGGCTCACA
GAGCCCAACAGCGGAAGTGACCCCAGCAGCATGGAGACCAGAGCCCACTACAACTCATCC
AACAAGAGCTACACCCTCAATGGGACCAAGACCTGGATCACGAACTCGCCTATGGCCGAT
CTGTTTGTAGTGTGGGCTCGGTGTGAAGATGGCTGCATTCGGGGCTTCCTGCTGGAGAAG
GGGATGCGGGGTCTCTCGGCCCCCAGGATCCAGGGCAAGTTCTCGCTGCGGGCCTCAGCC
ACAGGCATGATCATCATGGACGGTGTGGAGGTGCCAGAGGAGAATGTGCTCCCTGGTGCA
TCCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTTCGGCTGCCTGAACAACGCCCGGTACGGCATCGCGTGGGGC
GTGCTTGGAGCTTCGGAGTTCTGCTTGCACACAGCCCGGCAGTACGCCCTCGACAGGATG
CAGTTTGGTGTCCCACTGGCCAGGAACCAGCTGATTCAGAAGAAGCTGGCAGACATGCTC
ACTGAGATTACCCTGGGCCTTCACGCCTGCCTGCAGCTCGGCCGCTTGAAGGACCAGGAC
AAGGCTGCCCCCGAGATGGTTTCTCTGCTGAAGAGGAATAACTGTGGGAAAGCCCTGGAC
ATCGCCCGCCAGGCCCGAGACATGCTGGGGGGGAATGGGATTTCTGACGAGTATCACGTG
ATCCGGCACGCCATGAACCTGGAGGCCGTGAACACCTACGAAGGTACACATGACATTCAC
GCCCTGATCCTTGGGAGAGCTATCACGGGAATCCAGGCGTTCACGGCCAGCAAGTGA

1. Goodman SI, Kratz LE, Frerman FE: Pork and human cDNAs encoding glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1992;375:169-73. [PubMed ]
2. Goodman SI, Kratz LE, DiGiulio KA, Biery BJ, Goodman KE, Isaya G, Frerman FE: Cloning of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase cDNA, and expression of wild type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli. Hum Mol Genet. 1995 Sep;4(9):1493-8. [PubMed ]
3. Schwartz M, Christensen E, Superti-Furga A, Brandt NJ: The human glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene: report of intronic sequences and of 13 novel mutations causing glutaric aciduria type I. Hum Genet. 1998 Apr;102(4):452-8. [PubMed ]
4. Goodman SI, Stein DE, Schlesinger S, Christensen E, Schwartz M, Greenberg CR, Elpeleg ON: Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase mutations in glutaric acidemia (type I): review and report of thirty novel mutations. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(3):141-4. [PubMed ]
5. Biery BJ, Stein DE, Morton DH, Goodman SI: Gene structure and mutations of glutaryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase: impaired association of enzyme subunits that is due to an A421V substitution causes glutaric acidemia type I in the Amish. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Nov;59(5):1006-11. [PubMed ]
6. Anikster Y, Shaag A, Joseph A, Mandel H, Ben-Zeev B, Christensen E, Elpeleg ON: Glutaric aciduria type I in the Arab and Jewish communities in Israel. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Nov;59(5):1012-8. [PubMed ]

1. Hepatic lipase
2. HL
3. Lipase member C

MDTSPLCFSILLVLCIFIQSSALGQSLKPEPFGRRAQAVETNKTLHEMKTRFLLFGETNQ
GCQIRINHPDTLQECGFNSSLPLVMIIHGWSVDGVLENWIWQMVAALKSQPAQPVNVGLV
DWITLAHDHYTIAVRNTRLVGKEVAALLRWLEESVQLSRSHVHLIGYSLGAHVSGFAGSS
IGGTHKIGRITGLDAAGPLFEGSAPSNRLSPDDANFVDAIHTFTREHMGLSVGIKQPIGH
YDFYPNGGSFQPGCHFLELYRHIAQHGFNAITQTIKCSHERSVHLFIDSLLHAGTQSMAY
PCGDMNSFSQGLCLSCKKGRCNTLGYHVRQEPRSKSKRLFLVTRAQSPFKVYHYQLKIQF
INQTETPIQTTFTMSLLGTKEKMQKIPITLGKGIASNKTYSFLITLDVDIGELIMIKFKW
ENSAVWANVWDTVQTIIPWSTGPRHSGLVLKTIRVKAGETQQRMTFCSENTDDLLLRPTQ
EKIFVKCEIKSKTSKRKIR

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-22

ATGGACACAAGTCCCCTGTGTTTCTCCATTCTGTTGGTTTTATGCATCTTTATCCAATCA
AGTGCCCTTGGACAAAGCCTGAAACCAGAGCCATTTGGAAGAAGAGCTCAAGCTGTTGAA
ACAAACAAAACGCTGCATGAGATGAAGACCAGATTCCTGCTCTTTGGAGAAACCAATCAG
GGCTGTCAGATTCGAATCAATCATCCGGACACGTTACAGGAGTGCGGCTTCAACTCCTCC
CTGCCTCTGGTGATGATAATCCACGGGTGGTCGGTGGACGGCGTGCTAGAAAACTGGATC
TGGCAGATGGTGGCCGCGCTGAAGTCTCAGCCGGCCCAGCCAGTGAACGTGGGGCTGGTG
GACTGGATCACCCTGGCCCACGACCACTACACCATCGCCGTCCGCAACACCCGCCTTGTG
GGCAAGGAGGTCGCGGCTCTTCTCCGGTGGCTGGAGGAATCTGTGCAACTCTCTCGAAGC
CATGTTCACCTAATTGGGTACAGCCTGGGTGCACACGTGTCAGGATTTGCCGGCAGTTCC
ATCGGTGGAACGCACAAGATTGGGAGAATCACAGGGCTGGATGCCGCGGGACCTTTGTTT
GAGGGAAGTGCCCCCAGCAATCGTCTTTCTCCAGATGATGCCAATTTTGTGGATGCCATT
CATACCTTTACGCGGGAGCACATGGGCCTGAGCGTGGGCATCAAACAGCCCATAGGACAC
TATGACTTCTATCCCAACGGGGGCTCCTTCCAGCCTGGCTGCCACTCCCTAGAGCTCTAC
AGACATATTGCCCAGCACGGCTTCAATGCCATCACCCAGACCATAAAATGCTCCCACGAG
CGATCGGTGCACCTTTTCATCGACTCCTTGCTGCACGCCGGCACGCAGAGCATGGCCTAC
CCGTGTGGTGACATGAACAGCTTCAGCCAGGGCCTGTGCCTGAGCTGCAAGAAGGGCCGC
TGCAACACGCTGGGCTACCACGTCCGCCAGGAGCCGCGGAGCAAGAGCAAGAGGCTCTTC
CTCGTAACGCGAGCCCAGTCCCCCTTCAAAGTTTATCATTACCAGTTAAAGATCCAGTTC
ATCAACCAAACTGAGACGCCAATACAAACAACTTTTACCATGTCACTACTCGGAACAAAA
GAGAAAATGCAGAAAATTCCCATCACTCTGGGCAAAGGAATTGCTAGTAATAAAACGTAT
TCCTTTCTTATCACGCTGGATGTGGATATCGGCGAGCTGATCATGATCAAGTTCAAGTGG
GAAAACAGTGCAGTGTGGGCCAATGTCTGGGACACGGTCCAGACCATCATCCCATGGAGC
ACAGGGCCGCGCCACTCAGGCCTCGTTCTGAAGACGATCAGAGTCAAAGCAGGAGAAACC
CAGCAAAGAATGACATTTTGTTCAGAAAACACAGATGACCTACTACTTCGCCCAACCCAG
GAAAAAATCTTCGTGAAATGTGAAATAAAGTCTAAAACATCAAAGCGAAAGATCAGATGA

1. Martin GA, Busch SJ, Meredith GD, Cardin AD, Blankenship DT, Mao SJ, Rechtin AE, Woods CW, Racke MM, Schafer MP, et al.: Isolation and cDNA sequence of human postheparin plasma hepatic triglyceride lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 5;263(22):10907-14. [PubMed ]
2. Stahnke G, Sprengel R, Augustin J, Will H: Human hepatic triglyceride lipase: cDNA cloning, amino acid sequence and expression in a cultured cell line. Differentiation. 1987;35(1):45-52. [PubMed ]
3. Datta S, Luo CC, Li WH, VanTuinen P, Ledbetter DH, Brown MA, Chen SH, Liu SW, Chan L: Human hepatic lipase. Cloned cDNA sequence, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, chromosomal localization, and evolutionary relationships with lipoprotein lipase and pancreatic lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 25;263(3):1107-10. [PubMed ]
4. Cai SJ, Wong DM, Chen SH, Chan L: Structure of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Biochemistry. 1989 Nov 14;28(23):8966-71. [PubMed ]
5. Ameis D, Stahnke G, Kobayashi J, McLean J, Lee G, Buscher M, Schotz MC, Will H: Isolation and characterization of the human hepatic lipase gene. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 25;265(12):6552-5. [PubMed ]
6. Takagi A, Ikeda Y, Mori A, Ashida Y, Yamamoto A: Identification of a BstNI polymorphism in exon 9 of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Mol Cell Probes. 1996 Aug;10(4):313-4. [PubMed ]
7. Hegele RA, Tu L, Connelly PW: Human hepatic lipase mutations and polymorphisms. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(4):320-4. [PubMed ]
8. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed ]
9. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed ]

1. Diglyceride acyltransferase
2. ACAT-related gene product 1

MGDRGSSRRRRTGSRPSSHGGGGPAAAEEEVRDAAAGPDVGAAGDAPAPAPNKDGDAGVG
SGHWELRCHRLQDSLFSSDSGFSNYRGILNWCVVMLILSNARLFLENLIKYGILVDPIQV
VSLFLKDPYSWPAPCLVIAANVFAVAAFQVEKRLAVGALTEQAGLLLHVANLATILCFPA
AVVLLVESITPVGSLLALMAHTILFLKLFSYRDVNSWCRRARAKAASAGKKASSAAAPHT
VSYPDNLTYRDLYYFLFAPTLCYELNFPRSPRIRKRFLLRRILEMLFFTQLQVGLIQQWM
VPTIQNSMKPFKDMDYSRIIERLLKLAVPNHLIWLIFFYWLFHSCLNAVAELMQFGDREF
YRDWWNSESVTYFWQNWNIPVHKWCIRHFYKPMLRRGSSKWMARTGVFLASAFFHEYLVS
VPLRMFRLWAFTGMMAQIPLAWFVGRFFQGNYGNAAVWLSLIIGQPIAVLMYVHDYYVLN
YEAPAAEA

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• acyl-CoA + 1,2-diacylglycerol = CoA + triacylglycerol

• MBOAT (PF03062 )

• None

• 104-124 130-150 166-186 189-209 282-302 332-352 406-426 428-448 453-473

ATGGGCGACCGCGGCAGCTCCCGGCGCCGGAGGACAGGGTCGCGGCCCTCGAGCCACGGC
GGCGGCGGGCCTGCGGCGGCGGAAGAAGAGGTGCGGGACGCCGCTGCGGGCCCCGACGTG
GGAGCCGCGGGGGACGCGCCAGCCCCGGCCCCCAACAAGGACGGAGACGCCGGCGTGGGC
AGCGGCCACTGGGAGCTGAGGTGCCATCGCCTGCAGGATTCTTTATTCAGCTCTGACAGT
GGCTTCAGCAACTACCGTGGCATCCTGAACTGGTGTGTGGTGATGCTGATCTTGAGCAAT
GCCCGGTTATTTCTGGAGAACCTCATCAAGTATGGCATCCTGGTGGACCCCATCCAGGTG
GTTTCTCTGTTCCTGAAGGATCCCCATAGCTGGCCCGCCCCATGCCTGGTTATTGCGGCC
AATGTCTTTGCTGTGGCTGCATTCCAGGTTGAGAAGCGCCTGGCGGTGGGTGCCCTGACG
GAGCAGGCGGGACTGCTGCTGCACGTAGCCAACCTGGCCACCATTCTGTGTTTCCCAGCG
GCTGTGGTCTTACTGGTTGAGTCTATCACTCCAGTGGGCTCCCTGCTGGCGCTGATGGCG
CACACCATCCTCTTCCTCAAGCTCTTCTCCTACCGCGACGTCAACTCATGGTGCCGCAGG
GCCAGGGCCAAGGCTGCCTCTGCAGGGAAGAAGGCCAGCAGTGCTGCTGCCCCGCACACC
GTGAGCTACCCGGACAATCTGACCTACCGCGATCTCTACTACTTCCTCTTCGCCCCCACC
TTGTGCTACGAGCTCAACTTTCCCCGCTCTCCCCGCATCCGGAAGCGCTTTCTGCTGCGA
CGGATCCTTGAGATGCTGTTCTTCACCCAGCTCCAGGTGGGGCTGATCCAGCAGTGGATG
GTCCCCACCATCCAGAACTCCATGAAGCCCTTCAAGGACATGGACTACTCACGCATCATC
GAGCGCCTCCTGAAGCTGGCGGTCCCCAATCACCTCATCTGGCTCATCTTCTTCTACTGG
CTCTTCCACTCCTGCCTGAATGCCGTGGCTGAGCTCATGCAGTTTGGAGACCGGGAGTTC
TACCGGGACTGGTGGAACTCCGAGTCTGTCACCTACTTCTGGCAGAACTGGAACATCCCT
GTGCACAAGTGGTGCATCAGACACTTCTACAAGCCCATGCTTCGACGGGGCAGCAGCAAG
TGGATGGCCAGGACAGGGGTGTTCCTGGCCTCGGCTTTCTTCCACGAGTACCTGGTGAGC
GTCCCTCTGCGAATGTTCCGCCTCTGGGCTTTCACGGGCATGATGGCTCAGATCCCACTG
GCCTGGTTCGTGGGCCGCTTTTTCCAGGGCAACTATGGCAACGCAGCTGTGTGGCTGTCG
CTCATCATCGGACAGCCAATAGCCGTCCTCATGTACGTCCACGACTACTACGTGCTCAAC
TATGAGGCCCCAGCGGCAGAGGCCTGA

1. Oelkers P, Behari A, Cromley D, Billheimer JT, Sturley SL: Characterization of two human genes encoding acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-related enzymes. J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 9;273(41):26765-71. [PubMed ]

1. Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E1 component beta chain
2. BCKDH E1-beta

MAVVAAAAGWLLRLRAAGAEGHWRRLPGAGLARGFLHPAATVEDAAQRRQVAHFTFQPDP
EPREYGQTQKMNLFQSVTSALDNSLAKDPTAVIFGEDVAFGGVFRCTVGLRDKYGKDRVF
NTPLCEQGIVGFGIGIAVTGATAIAEIQFADYIFPAFDQIVNEAAKYRYRSGDLFNCGSL
TIRSPWGCVGHGALYHSQSPEAFFAHCPGIKVVIPRSPFQAKGLLLSCIEDKNPCIFFEP
KILYRAAAEEVPIEPYNIPLSQAEVIQEGSDVTLVAWGTQVHVIREVASMAKEKLGVSCE
VIDLRTIIPWDVDTICKSVIKTGRLLISHEAPLTGGFASEISSTVQEECFLNLEAPISRV
CGYDTPFPHIFEPFYIPDKWKCYDALRKMINY

• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine + CO2

• Transket_pyr (PF02779 )
• Transketolase_C (PF02780 )

• 1-19

ATGGCGGTTGTAGCGGCGGCTGCCGGCTGGCTACTCAGGCTCAGGGCGGCAGGGGCTGAG
GGGCACTGGCGTCGGCTTCCTGGCGCGGGGCTGGCGCGGGGCTTTTTGCACCCCGCCGCG
ACTGTCGAGGATGCGGCCCAGAGGCGGCAGGTGGCTCATTTTACTTTCCAGCCAGATCCG
GAGCCCCGGGAGTACGGGCAAACTCAGAAAATGAATCTTTTCCAGTCTGTAACAAGTGCC
TTGGATAACTCATTGGCCAAAGATCCTACTGCAGTAATATTTGGTGAAGATGTTGCCTTT
GGTGGAGTCTTTAGATGCACTGTTGGCTTGCGAGACAAATATGGAAAAGATAGAGTTTTT
AATACCCCATTGTGTGAACAAGGAATTGTTGGATTTGGAATCGGAATTGCGGTCACTGGA
GCTACTGCCATTGCGGAAATTCAGTTTGCAGATTATATTTTCCCTGCATTTGATCAGATT
GTTAATGAAGCTGCCAAGTATCGCTATCGCTCTGGGGATCTTTTTAACTGTGGAAGCCTC
ACTATCCGGTCCCCTTGGGGCTGTGTTGGTCATGGGGCTCTCTATCATTCTCAGAGTCCT
GAAGCATTTTTTGCCCATTGCCCAGGAATCAAGGTGGTTATACCCAGAAGCCCTTTCCAG
GCCAAAGGACTTCTTTTGTCATGCATAGAGGATAAAAATCCTTGTATATTTTTTGAACCT
AAAATACTTTACAGGGCAGCAGCGGAAGAAGTCCCTATAGAACCATACAACATCCCACTG
TCCCAGGCCGAAGTCATACAGGAAGGGAGTGATGTTACTCTAGTTGCCTGGGGCACTCAG
GTTCATGTGATCCGAGAGGTAGCTTCCATGGCAAAAGAAAAGCTTGGAGTGTCTTGTGAA
GTCATTGATCTGAGGACTATAATACCTTGGGATGTGGACACAATTTGTAAGTCTGTGATC
AAAACAGGGCGACTGCTAATCAGTCACGAGGCTCCCTTGACAGGCGGCTTTGCATCGGAA
ATCAGCTCTACAGTTCAGGAGGAATGTTTCTTGAACCTAGAGGCTCCTATATCAAGAGTA
TGTGGTTATGACACACCATTTCCTCACATTTTTGAACCATTCTACATCCCAGACAAATGG
AAGTGTTATGATGCCCTTCGAAAAATGATCAACTATTGA

1. Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Endo F, Akaboshi I, Asaka J, Matsuda I: Maple syrup urine disease. Complete primary structure of the E1 beta subunit of human branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex deduced from the nucleotide sequence and a gene analysis of patients with this disease. J Clin Invest. 1990 Jul;86(1):242-7. [PubMed ]
2. Chuang JL, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Maple syrup urine disease: the E1beta gene of human branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex has 11 rather than 10 exons, and the 3' UTR in one of the two E1beta mRNAs arises from intronic sequences. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Jun;58(6):1373-7. [PubMed ]
3. Chuang JL, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Molecular cloning of the mature E1b-beta subunit of human branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. FEBS Lett. 1990 Mar 26;262(2):305-9. [PubMed ]
4. Wynn RM, Kochi H, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Differential processing of human and rat E1 alpha precursors of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex caused by an N-terminal proline in the rat sequence. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Sep 28;1201(1):125-8. [PubMed ]
5. Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Hayashida Y, Ohta K, Indo Y, Ichiba Y, Endo F, Matsuda I: Heterogeneity of mutations in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD): screening and identification of affected E1 alpha and E1 beta subunits of the branched-chain alpha-keto-acid dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Nov 25;1225(1):64-70. [PubMed ]

1. Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E1 component alpha chain
2. BCKDH E1-alpha
3. BCKDE1A

MAVAIAAARVWRLNRGLSQAALLLLRQPGARGLARSHPPRQQQQFSSLDDKPQFPGASAE
FIDKLEFIQPNVISGIPIYRVMDRQGQIINPSEDPHLPKEKVLKLYKSMTLLNTMDRILY
ESQRQGRISFYMTNYGEEGTHVGSAAALDNTDLVFGQYREAGVLMYRDYPLELFMAQCYG
NISDLGKGRQMPVHYGCKERHFVTISSPLATQIPQAVGAAYAAKRANANRVVICYFGEGA
ASEGDAHAGFNFAATLECPIIFFCRNNGYAISTPTSEQYRGDGIAARGPGYGIMSIRVDG
NDVFAVYNATKEARRRAVAENQPFLIEAMTYRIGHHSTSDDSSAYRSVDEVNYWDKQDHP
ISRLRHYLLSQGWWDEEQEKAWRKQSRRKVMEAFEQAERKPKPNPNLLFSDVYQEMPAQL
RKQQESLARHLQTYGEHYPLDHFDK

• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] lipoyllysine = [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine + CO2

• E1_dh (PF00676 )

• 1-32

ATGGCGGTAGCGATCGCTGCAGCGAGGGTCTGGCGGCTAAACCGTGGTTTGAGCCAGGCT
GCCCTCCTGCTGCTGCGGCAGCCTGGGGCTCGGGGACTGGCTAGATCTCACCCCCCCAGG
CAGCAGCAGCAGTTTTCATCTCTGGATGACAAGCCCCAGTTCCCAGGGGCCTCGGCGGAG
TTTATAGATAAGTTGGAATTCATCCAGCCCAACGTCATCTCTGGAATCCCCATCTACCGC
GTCATGGACCGGCAAGGCCAGATCATCAACCCCAGCGAGGACCCCCACCTGCCGAAGGAG
AAGGTGCTGAAGCTCTACAAGAGCATGACACTGCTTAACACCATGGACCGCATCCTCTAT
GAGTCTCAGCGGCAGGGCCGGATCTCCTTCTACATGACCAACTATGGTGAGGAGGGCACG
CACGTGGGGAGTGCCGCCGCCCTGGACAACACGGACCTGGTGTTTGGCCAGTACCGGGAG
GCAGGTGTGCTGATGTATCGGGACTACCCCCTGGAACTATTCATGGCCCAGTGCTATGGC
AACATCAGTGACTTGGGCAAGGGGCGCCAGATGCCTGTCCACTACGGCTGCAAGGAACGC
CACTTCGTCACTATCTCCTCTCCACTGGCCACGCAGATCCCTCAGGCGGTGGGGGCGGCG
TACGCAGCCAAGCGGGCCAATGCCAACAGGGTCGTCATCTGTTACTTCGGCGAGGGGGCA
GCCAGTGAGGGGGACGCCCATGCCGGCTTCAACTTCGCTGCCACACTTGAGTGCCCCATC
ATCTTCTTCTGCCGGAACAATGGCTACGCCATCTCCACGCCCACCTCTGAGCAGTATCGC
GGCGATGGCATTGCAGCACGAGGCCCCGGGTATGGCATCATGTCAATCCGCGTGGATGGT
AATGATGTGTTTGCCGTATACAACGCCACAAAGGAGGCCCGACGGCGGGCTGTGGCAGAG
AACCAGCCCTTTCTCATCGAGGCCATGACCTACAGGATCGGGCACCACAGCACCAGTGAC
GACAGTTCAGCGTACCGCTCGGTGGATGAGGTCAATTACTGGGATAAACAGGACCACCCC
ATCTCCCGGCTGCGGCACTATCTGCTGAGCCAAGGCTGGTGGGATGAGGAGCAGGAGAAG
GCCTGGAGGAAGCAGTCCCGCAGGAAGGTGATGGAGGCCTTTGAGCAGGCCGAGCGGAAG
CCCAAACCCAACCCCAACCTGCTCTTCTCAGACGTGTATCAGGAGATGCCCGCCCAGCTC
CGCAAGCAGCAGGAGTCTCTGGCCCGCCACCTGCAGACCTACGGGGAGCACTACCCACTG
GATCACTTCGATAAGTGA

1. McKean MC, Winkeler KA, Danner DJ: Nucleotide sequence of the 5' end including the initiation codon of cDNA for the E1 alpha subunit of the human branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Nov 15;1171(1):109-12. [PubMed ]
2. Fisher CW, Chuang JL, Griffin TA, Lau KS, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Molecular phenotypes in cultured maple syrup urine disease cells. Complete E1 alpha cDNA sequence and mRNA and subunit contents of the human branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 25;264(6):3448-53. [PubMed ]
3. Dariush N, Fisher CW, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Structure of the gene encoding the entire mature E1 alpha subunit of human branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. FEBS Lett. 1991 Jun 17;284(1):34-8. [PubMed ]
4. Dariush N, Fisher CW, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Structure of the gene encoding the entire mature E1 alpha subunit of human branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (1991) FEBS Letters 284, 34-38. FEBS Lett. 1991 Oct 21;291(2):376-7. [PubMed ]
5. Zhang B, Crabb DW, Harris RA: Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the E1 alpha subunit of human liver branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase. Gene. 1988 Sep 15;69(1):159-64. [PubMed ]
6. Wynn RM, Kochi H, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Differential processing of human and rat E1 alpha precursors of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex caused by an N-terminal proline in the rat sequence. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Sep 28;1201(1):125-8. [PubMed ]
7. AEvarsson A, Chuang JL, Wynn RM, Turley S, Chuang DT, Hol WG: Crystal structure of human branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase and the molecular basis of multienzyme complex deficiency in maple syrup urine disease. Structure. 2000 Mar 15;8(3):277-91. [PubMed ]
8. Chuang JL, Fisher CR, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Molecular basis of maple syrup urine disease: novel mutations at the E1 alpha locus that impair E1(alpha 2 beta 2) assembly or decrease steady-state E1 alpha mRNA levels of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Aug;55(2):297-304. [PubMed ]
9. Zhang B, Edenberg HJ, Crabb DW, Harris RA: Evidence for both a regulatory mutation and a structural mutation in a family with maple syrup urine disease. J Clin Invest. 1989 Apr;83(4):1425-9. [PubMed ]
10. Matsuda I, Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Indo Y, Endo F, Asaka J, Harada A: A T-to-A substitution in the E1 alpha subunit gene of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex in two cell lines derived from Menonite maple syrup urine disease patients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Oct 30;172(2):646-51. [PubMed ]
11. Fisher CR, Fisher CW, Chuang DT, Cox RP: Occurrence of a Tyr393----Asn (Y393N) mutation in the E1 alpha gene of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex in maple syrup urine disease patients from a Mennonite population. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Aug;49(2):429-34. [PubMed ]
12. Fisher CR, Chuang JL, Cox RP, Fisher CW, Star RA, Chuang DT: Maple syrup urine disease in Mennonites. Evidence that the Y393N mutation in E1 alpha impedes assembly of the E1 component of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. J Clin Invest. 1991 Sep;88(3):1034-7. [PubMed ]
13. Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Hayashida Y, Ohta K, Indo Y, Ichiba Y, Endo F, Matsuda I: Heterogeneity of mutations in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD): screening and identification of affected E1 alpha and E1 beta subunits of the branched-chain alpha-keto-acid dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Nov 25;1225(1):64-70. [PubMed ]
14. Chuang JL, Davie JR, Chinsky JM, Wynn RM, Cox RP, Chuang DT: Molecular and biochemical basis of intermediate maple syrup urine disease. Occurrence of homozygous G245R and F364C mutations at the E1 alpha locus of Hispanic-Mexican patients. J Clin Invest. 1995 Mar;95(3):954-63. [PubMed ]

1. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase
2. Fatty acid desaturase
3. Delta(9-desaturase

MPAHLLQDDISSSYTTTTTITAPPSRVLQNGGDKLETMPLYLEDDIRPDIKDDIYDPTYK
DKEGPSPKVEYVWRNIILMSLLHLGALYGITLIPTCKFYTWLWGVFYYFVSALGITAGAH
RLWSHRSYKARLPLRLFLIIANTMAFQNDVYEWARDHRAHHKFSETHADPHNSRRGFFFS
HVGWLLVRKHPAVKEKGSTLDLSDLEAEKLVMFQRRYYKPGLLMMCFILPTLVPWYFWGE
TFQNSVFVATFLRYAVVLNATWLVNSAAHLFGYRPYDKNISPRENILVSLGAVGEGFHNY
HHSFPYDYSASEYRWHINFTTFFIDCMAALGLAYDRKKVSKAAILARIKRTGDGNYKSG

• stearoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = oleoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + H2O

• FA_desaturase (PF00487 )

• None

• 76-96 98-118 223-243 315-335

ATGCCGGCCCACTTGCTGCAGGACGATATCTCTAGCTCCTATACCACCACCACCACCATT
ACAGCGCCTCCTCCAGGGGTCCTGCAGAATGGAGGAGATAAGTTGGAGACGATGCCCCTC
TACTTGGAAGACGACATTCGCCCTGATATAAAAGATGATATATATGACCCCACCTACAAG
GATAAGGAAGGCCCAAGCCCCAAGGTTGAATATGTCTGGAGAAACATCATCCTTATGTCT
CTGCTACACTTGGGAGCCCTGTATGGGATCACTTTGATTCCTACCTGCAAGTTCTACACC
TGGCTTTGGGGGGTATTCTACTATTTTGTCAGTGCCCTGGGCATAACAGCAGGAGCTCAT
CGTCTGTGGAGCCACCGCTCTTACAAAGCTCGGCTGCCCCTACGGCTCTTTCTGATCATT
GCCAACACAATGGCATTCCAGAATGATGTCTATGAATGGGCTCGTGACCACCGTGCCCAC
CACAAGTTTTCAGAAACACATGCTGATCCTCATAATTCCCGACGTGGCTTTTTCTTCTCT
CACGTGGGTTGGCTGCTTGTGCGCAAACACCCAGCTGTCAAAGAGAAGGGGAGTACGCTA
GACTTGTCTGACCTAGAAGCTGAGAAACTGGTGATGTTCCAGAGGAGGTACTACAAACCT
GGCTTGCTGATGATGTGCTTCATCCTGCCCACGCTTGTGCCCTGGTATTTCTGGGGTGAA
ACTTTTCAAAACAGTGTGTTCGTTGCCACTTTCTTGCGATATGCTGTGGTGCTTAATGCC
ACCTGGCTGGTGAACAGTGCTGCCCACCTCTTCGGATATCGTCCTTATGACAAGAACATT
AGCCCCCGGGAGAATATCCTGGTTTCACTTGGAGCTGTGGGTGAGGGCTTCCACAACTAC
CACCACTCCTTTCCCTATGACTACTCTGCCAGTGAGTACCGCTGGCACATCAACTTCAAC
ACATTCTTCATTGATTGGATGGCCGCCCTCGGTCTGACCTATGACCGGAAGAAAGTCTCC
AAGGCCGCCATCTTGGCCAGGATTAAAAGAACCGGAGATGGAAACTACAAGAGTGGCTGA

1. Zhang L, Ge L, Parimoo S, Stenn K, Prouty SM: Human stearoyl-CoA desaturase: alternative transcripts generated from a single gene by usage of tandem polyadenylation sites. Biochem J. 1999 May 15;340 ( Pt 1):255-64. [PubMed ]
2. Zhang L, Ge L, Tran T, Stenn K, Prouty SM: Isolation and characterization of the human stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene promoter: requirement of a conserved CCAAT cis-element. Biochem J. 2001 Jul 1;357(Pt 1):183-93. [PubMed ]
3. Li J, Ding SF, Habib NA, Fermor BF, Wood CB, Gilmour RS: Partial characterization of a cDNA for human stearoyl-CoA desaturase and changes in its mRNA expression in some normal and malignant tissues. Int J Cancer. 1994 May 1;57(3):348-52. [PubMed ]

1. TP-alpha
2. 78 kDa gastrin-binding protein[Includes: Long-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase

MVACRAIGILSRFSAFRILRSRGYICRNFTGSSALLTRTHINYGVKGDVAVVRINSPNSK
VNTLSKELHSEFSEVMNEIWASDQIRSAVLISSKPGCFIAGADINMLAACKTLQEVTQLS
QEAQRIVEKLEKSTKPIVAAINGSCLGGGLEVAISCQYRIATKDRKTVLGTPEVLLGALP
GAGGTQRLPKMVGVPAALDMMLTGRSIRADRAKKMGLVDQLVEPLGPGLKPPEERTIEYL
EEVAITFAKGLADKKISPKRDKGLVEKLTAYAMTIPFVRQQVYKKVEEKVRKQTKGLYPA
PLKIIDVVKTGIEQGSDAGYLCESQKFGELVMTKESKALMGLYHGQVLCKKNKFGAPQKD
VKHLAILGAGLMGAGIAQVSVDKGLKTILKDATLTALDRGQQQVFKGLNDKVKKKALTSF
ERDSIFSNLTGQLDYQGFEKADMVIEAVFEDLSLKHRVLKEVEAVIPDHCIFASNTSALP
ISEIAAVSKRPEKVIGMHYFSPVDKMQLLEIITTEKTSKDTSASAVAVGLKQGKVIIVVK
DGPGFYTTRCLAPMMSEVIRILQEGVDPKKLDSLTTSFGFPVGAATLVDEVGVDVAKHVA
EDLGKVFGERFGGGNPELLTQMVSKGFLGRKSGKGFYIYQEGVKRKDLNSDMDSILASLK
LPPKSEVSSDEDIQFRLVTRFVNEAVMCLQEGILATPAEGDIGAVFGLGFPPCLGGPFRF
VDLYGAQKIVDRLKKYEAAYGKQFTPCQLLADHANSPNKKFYQ

• Benzoate Degradation via CoA Ligation (map00632 )
• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Butyrate Metabolism (map00650 )
• Caprolactam degradation (map00930 )
• Fatty Acid Elongation In Mitochondria (map00062 )
• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )
• Limonene and pinene degradation (map00903 )
• Lysine Degradation (map00310 )
• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )
• Tryptophan Metabolism (map00380 )
• Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 )

• (3S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA = trans-2(or 3)-enoyl-CoA + H2O

• 3HCDH (PF00725 )
• 3HCDH_N (PF02737 )
• ECH (PF00378 )

• 1-23

ATGGTGGCCTGCCGGGCGATTGGCATCCTCAGCCGCTTTTCTGCCTTCAGGATCCTCCGC
TCCCGAGGTTATATATGCCGCAATTTTACAGGGTCTTCTGCTTTGCTGACCAGAACCCAT
ATTAACTATGGAGTCAAAGGGGATGTGGCAGTTGTTCGAATTAACTCTCCCAATTCAAAG
GTAAATACACTGAGTAAAGAGCTACATTCAGAGTTCTCAGAAGTTATGAATGAAATCTGG
GCTAGTGATCAAATCAGAAGTGCCGTCCTTATCTCATCAAAGCCAGGCTGCTTTATTGCA
GGTGCTGATATCAACATGTTAGCCGCTTGCAAGACCCTTCAAGAAGTAACACAGCTATCA
CAAGAAGCACAGAGAATAGTTGAGAAACTTGAAAAGTCCACAAAGCCTATTGTGGCTGCC
ATCAATGGATCCTGCGTGGGAGGAGGACTTGAGGTTGCCATTTCATGCCAATACAGAATA
GCAACAAAAGACAGAAAAACAGTATTAGGTACCCCTGAAGTTTTGCTGGGGGCCTTACCA
GGAGCAGGAGGCACACAAAGGCTGCCCAAAATGGTGGGTGTGCCTGCTGCTTTGGACATG
ATGCTGACTGGTAGAAGCATTCGTGCAGACAGGGCAAAGAAAATGGGACTGGTTGACCAA
CTGGTGGAACCCCTGGGACCAGGACTAAAACCTCCAGAGGAACGGACAATAGAATACCTA
GAAGAAGTTGCAATTACTTTTGCCAAAGGACTAGCTGATAAGAAGATCTCTCCAAAGAGA
GACAAGGGATTGGTGGAAAAATTGACAGCGTATGCCATGACTATTCCATTTGTCAGGCAA
CAGGTTTACAAAAAAGTGGAAGAAAAAGTGCGAAAGCAGACTAAAGGCCTTTATCCTGCA
CCTCTGAAAATAATTGATGTGGTAAAGACTGGAATTGAGCAAGGGAGTGATGCCGGTTAT
CTCTGTGAATCTCAGAAATTTGGAGAGCTTGTAATGACCAAAGAATCAAAGGCCTTGATG
GGACTCTACCATGGTCAGGTCCTGTGCAAGAAGAATAAATTTGGAGCTCCACAGAAGGAT
GTTAAGCATCTGGCTATTCTTGGTGCAGGGCTGATGGGAGCAGGCATCGCCCAAGTCTCC
GTGGATAAGGGGCTAAAGACTATACTTAAAGATGCCACCCTCACTGCGCTAGACCGAGGA
CAGCAACAAGTGTTCAAAGGATTGAATGACAAAGTGAAGAAGAAAGCTCTAACATCATTT
GAAAGGGATTCCATCTTCAGCAACTTGACTGGGCAGCTTGATTACCAAGGTTTTGAAAAG
GCCGACATGGTGATTGAAGCTGTGTTTGAGGACCTTAGTCTTAAGCACAGAGTGCTAAAG
GAAGTAGAAGCGGTGATTCCAGATCACTGTATCTTTGCCAGTAACACATCTGCTCTCCCA
ATCAGTGAAATCGCTGCTGTCAGCAAAAGACCTGAGAAGGTGATTGGCATGCACTACTTC
TCTCCCGTGGACAAGATGCAGCTGCTGGAGATTATCACGACCGAGAAAACTTCCAAAGAC
ACCAGTGCTTCAGCTGTAGCAGTTGGTCTCAAGCAGGGGAAGGTCATCATTGTGGTTAAG
GATGGACCTGGCTTCTATACTACCAGGTGTCTTGCGCCCATGATGTCTGAAGTCATCCGA
ATCCTCCAGGAAGGAGTTGACCCGAAGAAGCTGGATTCCCTGACCACAAGCTTTGGCTTT
CCTGTGGGTGCCGCCACACTGGTGGATGAAGTTGGTGTGGATGTAGCGAAACATGTGGCG
GAAGATCTGGGCAAAGTCTTTGGGGAGCGGTTTGGAGGTGGAAACCCAGAACTGCTGACA
CAGATGGTGTCCAAGGGCTTCCTAGGTCGTAAATCTGGGAAGGGCTTTTACATCTATCAG
GAGGGTGTGAAGAGGAAGGATTTGAATTCTGACATGGATAGTATTTTAGCGAGTCTGAAG
CTGCCTCCTAAGTCTGAAGTCTCATCAGACGAAGACATCCAGTTCCGCCTGGTGACAAGA
TTTGTGAATGAGGCAGTCATGTGCCTGCAAGAGGGGATCTCGGCCACACCTGCAGAGGGA
GACATCGGAGCCGTCTTTGGGCTTGGCTTCCCGCCTTGTCTGGGAGGGCCTTTCCGCTTT
GTGGATCTGTATGGCGCCCAGAAGATAGTGGACCGGCTCAAGAAATATGAAGCTGCCTAT
GGAAAACAGTTCACCCCATGCCAGCTGCTAGCTGACCATGCTAACAGCCCTAACAAGAAG
TTCTACCAGTGA

1. Kamijo T, Aoyama T, Komiyama A, Hashimoto T: Structural analysis of cDNAs for subunits of human mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation trifunctional protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 15;199(2):818-25. [PubMed ]
2. Zhang QX, Baldwin GS: Structures of the human cDNA and gene encoding the 78 kDa gastrin-binding protein and of a related pseudogene. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Oct 18;1219(2):567-75. [PubMed ]
3. Sims HF, Brackett JC, Powell CK, Treem WR, Hale DE, Bennett MJ, Gibson B, Shapiro S, Strauss AW: The molecular basis of pediatric long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency associated with maternal acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 31;92(3):841-5. [PubMed ]

1. Cholesterol acyltransferase 2
2. Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2
3. ACAT-2

MEPGGARLRLQRTEGLGGERERQPCGDGNTETHRAPDLVQWTRHMEAVKAQLLEQAQGQL
RELLDRAMREAIQSYPSQDKPLPPPPPGSLSRTQEPSLGKQKVFIIRKSLLDELMEVQHF
RTIYHMFIAGLCVFIISTLAIDFIDEGRLLLEFDLLIFSFGQLPLALVTWVPMFLSTLLA
PYQALRLWARGTWTQATGLGCALLAAHAVVLCALPVHVAVEHQLPPASRCVLVFEQVRFL
MKSYSFLREAVPGTLRARRGEGIQAPSFSSYLYFLFCPTLIYRETYPRTPYVRWNYVAKN
FAQALGCVLYACFILGRLCVPVFANMSREPFSTRALVLSILHATLPGIFMLLLIFFAFLH
CWLNAFAEMLRFGDRMFYRDWWNSTSFSNYYRTWNVVVHDWLYSYVYQDGLRLLGARARG
VAMLGVFLVSAVAHEYIFCFVLGFFYPVMLILFLVIGGMLNFMMHDQRTGPAWNVLMWTM
LFLGQGIQVSLYCQEWYARRHCPLPQATFWGLVTPRSWSCHT

• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )

• acyl-CoA + cholesterol = CoA + cholesterol ester

• MBOAT (PF03062 )

• None

• 124-144 155-175 200-220 262-282 304-324 344-366 437-457 472-492

ATGGAGCCAGGCGGGGCCCGTCTGCGTCTGCAGAGGACAGAAGGGCTGGGAGGGGAGCGG
GAGCGCCAACCCTGTGGAGATGGAAACACTGAGACGCACAGAGCCCCGGACTTGGTACAA
TGGACCCGACACATGGAGGCTGTGAAGGCACAATTGCTGGAGCAAGCGCAGGGACAACTG
AGGGAGCTGCTGGATCGGGCCATGCGGGAGGCTATACAATCCTACCCATCACAAGACAAA
CCTCTGCCCCCACCTCCCCCAGGTTCCTTGAGCAGGACCCAGGAGCCATCCCTGGGGAAA
CAGAAAGTTTTCATCATCCGCAAGTCCCTGCTTGATGAGCTGATGGAGGTGCAGCATTTC
CGCACCATCTACCACATGTTCATCGCTGGCCTGTGTGTCTTCATCATCAGCACCCTGGCC
ATCGACTTCATTGATGAGGGCAGGCTGCTGCTGGAGTTTGACCTACTGATCTTCAGCTTC
GGACAGCTGCCATTGGCGCTGGTGACCTGGGTGCCCATGTTTCTGTCCACCCTGTTGGCG
CCGTACCAGGCCCTACGGCTGTGGGCCAGGGGCACCTGGACGCAGGCGACGGGCCTGGGC
TGTGCGCTGCTAGCCGCCCACGCCGTGGTGCTCTGCGCGCTGCCGGTCCACGTGGCCGTG
GAGCATCAGCTCCCGCCGGCCTCCCGTTGTGTCCTGGTCTTCGAGCAGGTTAGGTTCCTG
ATGAAAAGCTACTCCTTCCTGAGAGAGGCTGTGCCTGGGACCCTTCGTGCCAGACGAGGT
GAGGGGATCCAGGCCCCCAGTTTCTCCAGCTACCTCTACTTCCTCTTCTGCCCAACACTC
ATCTACAGGGAGACTTACCCTAGGACGCCCTATGTCAGGTGGAATTATGTGGCCAAGAAC
TTTGCCCAGGCCCTGGGATGTGTGCTCTATGCCTGCTTCATCCTGGGCCGCCTCTGTGTT
CCTGTCTTTGCCAACATGAGCCGAGAGCCCTTCAGCACCCGTGCCCTGGTGCTCTCTATC
CTGCATGCCACGTTGCCAGGCATCTTCATGCTGCTGCTCATCTTCTTTGCCTTCCTCCAT
TGCTGGCTCAACGCCTTTGCCGAGATGCTACGATTTGGAGACAGGATGTTCTACCGGGAC
TGGTGGAACTCAACGTCCTTCTCCAACTACTACCGCACTTGGAACGTGGTGGTCCATGAC
TGGCTGTACAGCTACGTGTATCAGGATGGGCTGCGGCTCCTTGGTGCCCGGGCCCGAGGG
GTAGCCATGCTGGGTGTGTTCCTGGTCTCCGCAGTGGCCCATGAGTATATCTTCTGCTTC
GTCCTGGGGTTCTTCTATCCCGTCATGCTGATACTCTTCCTTGTCATTGGAGGAATGTTG
AACTTCATGATGCATGACCAGCGCACCGGCCCGGCATGGAACGTGCTGATGTGGACCATG
CTGTTTCTAGGCCAGGGAATCCAGGTCAGCCTGTACTGCCAGGAGTGGTACGCACGGCGG
CACTGCCCCTTACCCCAGGCAACTTTCTGGGGGCTGGTGACACCTCGATCTTGGTCCTGC
CATACCTAG

1. Oelkers P, Behari A, Cromley D, Billheimer JT, Sturley SL: Characterization of two human genes encoding acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-related enzymes. J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 9;273(41):26765-71. [PubMed ]
2. Chang CC, Sakashita N, Ornvold K, Lee O, Chang ET, Dong R, Lin S, Lee CY, Strom SC, Kashyap R, Fung JJ, Farese RV Jr, Patoiseau JF, Delhon A, Chang TY: Immunological quantitation and localization of ACAT-1 and ACAT-2 in human liver and small intestine. J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 8;275(36):28083-92. [PubMed ]
3. Katsuren K, Tamura T, Arashiro R, Takata K, Matsuura T, Niikawa N, Ohta T: Structure of the human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-2 (ACAT-2) gene and its relation to dyslipidemia. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Apr 30;1531(3):230-40. [PubMed ]
4. Song BL, Qi W, Yang XY, Chang CC, Zhu JQ, Chang TY, Li BL: Organization of human ACAT-2 gene and its cell-type-specific promoter activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Mar 30;282(2):580-8. [PubMed ]

1. Cholesterol acyltransferase 1
2. Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 1
3. ACAT-1

MVGEEKMSLRNRLSKSRENPEEDEDQRNPAKESLETPSNGRIDIKQLIAKKIKLTAEAEE
LKPFFMKEVGSHFDDFVTNLIEKSASLDNGGCALTTFSVLEGEKNNHRAKDLRAPPEQGK
IFIARRSLLDELLEVDHIRTIYHMFIALLILFILSTLVVDYIDEGRLVLEFSLLSYAFGK
FPTVVWTWWIMFLSTFSVPYFLFQHWATGYSKSSHPLIRSLFHGFLFMIFQIGVLGFGPT
YVVLAYTLPPASRFIIIFEQIRFVMKAHSFVRENVPRVLNSAKEKSSTVPIPTVNQYLYF
LFAPTLIYRDSYPRNPTVRWGYVAMKFAQVFGCFFYVYYIFERLCAPLFRNIKQEPFSAR
VLVLCVFNSILPGVLILFLTFFAFLHCWLNAFAEMLRFGDRMFYKDWWNSTSYSNYYRTW
NVVVHDWLYYYAYKDFLWFFSKRFKSAAMLAVFAVSAVVHEYALAVCLSFFYPVLFVLFM
FFGMAFNFIVNDSRKKPIWNVLMWTSLFLGNGVLLCFYSQEWYARQHCPLKNPTFLDYVR
PRSWTCRYVF

• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )

• acyl-CoA + cholesterol = CoA + cholesterol ester

• MBOAT (PF03062 )

• None

• 141-159 320-341 361-382 470-490 498-518

ATGGTGGGTGAAGAGAAGATGTCTCTAAGAAACCGGCTGTCAAAGTCCAGGGAAAATCCT
GAGGAAGATGAAGACCAGAGAAACCCTGCAAAGGAGTCCCTAGAGACACCTAGTAATGGT
CGAATTGACATAAAACAGTTGATAGCAAAGAAGATAAAGTTGACAGCAGAGGCAGAGGAA
TTGAAGCCATTTTTTATGAAGGAAGTTGGCAGTCACTTTGATGATTTTGTGACCAATCTC
ATTGAAAAGTCAGCATCATTAGATAATGGTGGGTGCGCTCTCACAACCTTTTCTGTTCTT
GAAGGAGAGAAAAACAACCATAGAGCGAAGGATTTGAGAGCACCTCCAGAACAAGGAAAG
ATTTTTATTGCAAGGCGCTCTCTCTTAGATGAACTGCTTGAAGTGGACCACATCAGAACA
ATATATCACATGTTTATTGCCCTCCTCATTCTCTTTATCCTCAGCACACTTGTAGTAGAT
TACATTGATGAAGGAAGGCTGGTGCTTGAGTTCAGCCTCCTGTCTTATGCTTTTGGCAAA
TTTCCTACCGTTGTTTGGACCTGGTGGATCATGTTCCTGTCTACATTTTCAGTTCCCTAT
TTTCTGTTTCAACATTGGGCCACTGGCTATAGCAAGAGTTCTCATCCGCTGATCCGTTCT
CTCTTCCATGGCTTTCTTTTCATGATCTTCCAGATTGGAGTTCTAGGTTTTGGACCAACA
TATGTTGTGTTAGCATATACACTGCCACCAGCTTCCCGGTTCATCATTATATTCGAGCAG
ATTCGTTTTGTAATGAAGGCCCACTCATTTGTCAGAGAGAACGTGCCTCGGGTACTAAAT
TCAGCTAAGGAGAAATCAAGCACTGTTCCAATACCTACAGTCAACCAGTATTTGTACTTC
TTATTTGCTCCTACCCTTATCTACCGTGACAGCTATCCCAGGAATCCCACTGTAAGATGG
GGTTATGTCGCTATGAAGTTTGCACAGGTCTTTGGTTGCTTTTTCTATGTGTACTACATC
TTTGAAAGGCTTTGTGCCCCCTTGTTTCGGAATATCAAACAGGAGCCCTTCAGCGCTCGT
GTTCTGGTCCTATGTGTATTTAACTCCATCTTGCCAGGTGTGCTGATTCTCTTCCTTACT
TTTTTTGCCTTTTTGCACTGCTGGCTCAATGCCTTTGCTGAGATGTTACGCTTTGGTGAC
AGGATGTTCTATAAGGATTGGTGGAACTCCACGTCATACTCCAACTATTATAGAACCTGG
AATGTGGTGGTCCATGACTGGCTATATTACTATGCTTACAAGGACTTTCTCTGGTTTTTC
TCCAAGAGATTCAAATCTGCTGCCATGTTAGCTGTCTTTGCTGTATCTGCTGTAGTACAC
GAATATGCCTTGGCTGTTTGCTTGAGCTTTTTCTATCCCGTGCTCTTCGTGCTCTTCATG
TTCTTTGGAATGGCTTTCAACTTCATTGTCAATGATAGTCGGAAAAAGCCGATTTGGAAT
GTTCTGATGTGGACTTCTCTTTTCTTGGGCAATGGAGTCTTACTCTGCTTTTATTCTCAA
GAATGGTATGCACGTCGGCACTGTCCTCTGAAAAATCCCACATTTTTGGATTATGTCCGG
CCACGTTCCTGGACTTGTCGTTACGTGTTTTAG

1. Chang CC, Huh HY, Cadigan KM, Chang TY: Molecular cloning and functional expression of human acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase cDNA in mutant Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem. 1993 Oct 5;268(28):20747-55. [PubMed ]
2. Lin S, Cheng D, Liu MS, Chen J, Chang TY: Human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 in the endoplasmic reticulum contains seven transmembrane domains. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 13;274(33):23276-85. [PubMed ]

1. BAT
2. BACAT
3. Glycine N-choloyltransferase
4. Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA hydrolase

MIQLTATPVSALVDEPVHIRATGLIPFQMVSFQASLEDENGDMFYSQAHYRANEFGEVDL
NHASSLGGDYMGVHPMGLFWSLKPEKLLTRLLKRDVMNRPFQVQVKLYDLELIVNNKVAS
APKASLTLERWYVAPGVTRIKVREGRLRGALFLPPGEGLFPGVIDLFGGLGGLLEFRASL
LASRGFASLALAYHNYEDLPRKPEVTDLEYFEEAANFLLRHPKVFGSGVGVVSVCQGVQI
GLSMAIYLKQVTATVLINGTNFPFGIPQVYHGQIHQPLPHSAQLISTNALGLLELYRTFE
TTQVGASQYLFPIEEAQGQFLFIVGEGDKTINSKAHAEQAIGQLKRHGKNNWTLLSYPGA
GHLIEPPYSPLCCASTTHDLRLHWGGEVIPHAAAQEHAWKEIQRFLRKHLIPDVTSQL

• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )
• Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism (map00430 )

• palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate

• BAAT_C (PF08840 )
• Bile_Hydr_Trans (PF04775 )

• None

• None

ATGATCCAGTTGACAGCTACCCCTGTGAGTGCACTTGTTGATGAGCCAGTGCATATCCGA
GCTACAGGCCTGATTCCCTTTCAGATGGTGAGTTTTCAGGCATCACTGGAAGATGAAAAC
GGAGACATGTTTTATTCTCAAGCCCACTATAGGGCCAATGAATTCGGTGAGGTGGACCTG
AATCATGCTTCTTCACTTGGAGGGGATTATATGGGAGTCCACCCCATGGGTCTCTTCTGG
TCTCTGAAACCTGAAAAGCTATTAACAAGACTGTTGAAAAGAGATGTGATGAATAGGCCT
TTCCAGGTCCAAGTAAAACTTTATGACTTAGAGTTAATAGTGAACAATAAAGTTGCCAGT
GCTCCAAAGGCCAGCCTGACTTTGGAGAGGTGGTATGTGGCACCTGGTGTCACACGAATT
AAGGTTCGAGAAGGCCGCCTTCGAGGAGCTCTCTTTCTCCCTCCAGGAGAGGGTCTCTTC
CCAGGGGTAATTGATTTGTTTGGTGGTTTGGGTGGGCTGCTTGAATTTCGGGCCAGCCTC
CTAGCCAGTCGTGGCTTCGCCTCCTTGGCCTTGGCTTACCATAACTATGAAGACCTGCCC
CGCAAACCAGAAGTAACAGATTTGGAATATTTTGAGGAGGCTGCCAACTTTCTCCTGAGA
CATCCAAAGGTCTTTGGCTCAGGCGTTGGGGTAGTCTCTGTATGTCAAGGAGTACAGATT
GGACTATCTATGGCTATTTACCTAAAGCAAGTCACAGCCACGGTACTTATTAATGGGACC
AACTTTCCTTTTGGCATTCCACAGGTATATCATGGTCAGATCCATCAGCCCCTTCCCCAT
TCTGCACAATTAATATCCACCAATGCCTTGGGGTTACTAGAGCTCTATCGCACTTTTGAG
ACAACTCAAGTTGGGGCCAGTCAATATTTGTTTCCTATTGAAGAGGCCCAGGGGCAATTC
CTCTTCATTGTAGGAGAAGGTGATAAGACTATCAACAGCAAAGCACACGCTGAACAAGCC
ATAGGACAGCTGAAGAGACATGGGAAGAACAACTGGACCCTGCTATCTTACCCTGGGGCA
GGCCACCTGATAGAACCTCCCTATTCTCCTCTGTGCTGTGCCTCAACGACCCACGATTTG
AGGTTACACTGGGGAGGAGAGGTGATCCCACACGCAGCTGCACAGGAACATGCTTGGAAG
GAGATCCAGAGATTTCTCAGGAAGCACCTCATTCCAGATGTGACCAGTCAACTCTAA

1. Falany CN, Johnson MR, Barnes S, Diasio RB: Glycine and taurine conjugation of bile acids by a single enzyme. Molecular cloning and expression of human liver bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jul 29;269(30):19375-9. [PubMed ]
2. Carlton VE, Harris BZ, Puffenberger EG, Batta AK, Knisely AS, Robinson DL, Strauss KA, Shneider BL, Lim WA, Salen G, Morton DH, Bull LN: Complex inheritance of familial hypercholanemia with associated mutations in TJP2 and BAAT. Nat Genet. 2003 May;34(1):91-6. [PubMed ]

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4
2. LACS 4

MKLKLNVLTIILLPVHLLITIYSALIFIPWYFLTNAKKKNAMAKRIKAKPTSDKPGSPYR
SVTHFDSLAVIDIPGADTLDKLFDHAVSKFGKKDSLGTREILSEENEMQPNGKVFKKLIL
GNYKWMNYLEVNRRVNNFGSGLTALGLKPKNTIAIFCETRAEWMIAAQTCFKYNFPLVTL
YATLGKEAVVHGLNESEASYLITSVELLESKLKTALLDISCVKHIIYVDNKAINKAEYPE
GFEIHSMQSVEELGSNPENLGIPPSRPTPSDMAIVMYTSGSTGRPKGVMMHHSNLIAGMT
GQCERIPGLGPKDTYIGYLPLAHVLELTAEISCFTYGCRIGYSSPLTLSDQSSKIKKGSK
GDCTVLKPTLMAAVPEIMDRIYKNVMSKVQEMNYIQKTLFKIGYDYKLEQIKKGYDAPLC
NLLLFKKVKALLGGNVRMMLSGGAPLSPQTHRFMNVCFCCPIGQGYGLTESCGAGTVTEV
TDYTTGRVGAPLICCEIKLKDWQEGGYTINDKPNPRGEIVIGGQNISMGYFKNEEKTAED
YSVDENGQRWFCTGDIGEFHPDGCLQIIDRKKDLVKLQAGEYVSLGKVEAALKNCPLIDN
ICAFAKSDQSYVISFVVPNQKRLTLLAQQKGVEGTWVDICNNPAMEAEILKEIREAANAM
KLERFEIPIKVRLSPEPWTPETGLVTDAFKLKRKELRNHYLKDIERMYGGK

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• 1-23

ATGGCAAAGAGAATAAAAGCTAAGCCCACTTCAGACAAACCTGGAAGTCCATATCGCTCT
GTCACACACTTCGACTCACTAGCTGTAATAGACATCCCTGGAGCAGATACTCTGGATAAA
TTATTTGACCATGCTGTATCCAAGTTTGGGAAGAAGGACAGCCTTGGGACCAGGGAAATC
CTAAGTGAAGAAAATGAAATGCAGCCAAATGGAAAAGTTTTTAAGAAGTTAATTCTTGGG
AATTATAAATGGATGAACTATCTTGAAGTGAATCGCAGAGTGAATAACTTTGGTAGTGGA
CTCACTGCACTGGGACTAAAACCAAAGAACACCATTGCCATCTTCTGTGAGACCAGGGCC
GAATGGATGATTGCAGCACAGACCTGCTTTAAGTACAACTTTCCTCTTGTGACTTTATAT
GCCACACTTGGCAAAGAAGCAGTAGTTCATGGGCTAAATGAATCTGAGGCTTCCTATCTG
ATTACCAGTGTTGAACTTCTGGAAAGTAAACTTAAGACTGCATTGTTAGATATCAGTTGT
GTTAAACATATCATTTATGTGGACAATAAGGCTATCAATAAAGCAGAGTACCCTGAAGGA
TTTGAGATTCACAGCATGCAATCAGTAGAAGAGTTGGGATCTAACCCAGAAAACTTGGGC
ATTCCTCCAAGTAGACCAACGCCTTCAGACATGGCCATTGTTATGTATACTAGTGGTTCT
ACTGGCCGACCTAAGGGAGTGATGATGCATCATAGCAATTTGATAGCTGGAATGACAGGC
CAGTGTGAAAGAATACCTGGACTGGGACCGAAGGACACATATATTGGCTACTTGCCTTTG
GCTCATGTGCTAGAACTGACAGCAGAGATATCTTGCTTTACCTATGGCTGCAGGATTGGA
TATTCTTCTCCGCTTACACTCTCTGACCAGTCCAGCAAAATTAAAAAAGGAAGCAAAGGA
GACTGTACTGTACTGAAGCCCACACTTATGGCTGCTGTTCCGGAAATCATGGATAGAATT
TATAAGAATGTTATGAGCAAAGTCCAAGAGATGAATTATATTCAGAAAACTCTGTTCAAG
ATAGGGTATGATTACAAATTGGAACAGATCAAAAAGGGATATGATGCACCTCTTTGCAAT
CTGTTACTGTTTAAAAAGGTCAAGGCCCTGCTGGGAGGGAATGTCCGCATGATGCTGTCT
GGAGGGGCCCCGCTATCTCCTCAGACACACCGATTCATGAATGTCTGCTTCTGCTGCCCA
ATTGGCCAGGGTTATGGACTGACAGAATCATGTGGTGCTGGGACAGTTACTGAAGTAACT
GACTATACTACTGGCAGAGTTGGAGCACCTCTTATTTGCTGTGAAATTAAGCTAAAAGAC
TGGCAAGAAGGCGGTTATACAATTAATGACAAGCCAAACCCCAGAGGTGAAATCGTAATT
GGTGGACAGAACATCTCCATGGGATATTTTAAAAATGAAGAGAAAACAGCAGAAGATTAT
TCTGTGGATGAAAATGGACAAAGGTGGTTTTGCACTGGTGATATTGGAGAATTCCATCCC
GATGGATGTTTACAGATTATAGATCGTAAGAAAGATCTAGTGAAGTTACAAGCAGGAGAG
TATGTATCTCTTGGGAAAGTAGAAGCTGCACTGAAGAATTGTCCACTTATTGACAACATC
TGTGCTTTTGCCAAAAGTGATCAGTCCTATGTGATCAGTTTTGTGGTTCCTAACCAGAAA
AGGTTGACACTTTTGGCACAACAGAAAGGGGTAGAAGGAACTTGGGTTGATATCTGCAAT
AATCCTGCTATGGAAGCTGAAATACTGAAAGAAATTCGAGAAGCTGCAAATGCCATGAAA
TTGGAGCGATTTGAAATTCCAATCAAGGTTCGATTAAGCCCAGAGCCATGGACCCCTGAA
ACTGGTTTGGTAACTGATGCTTTCAAACTGAAAAGGAAGGAGCTGAGGAACCATTACCTC
AAAGACATTGAACGAATGTATGGGGGCAAATAA

1. Cao Y, Traer E, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM: Cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of human long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase 4 (FACL4). Genomics. 1998 Apr 15;49(2):327-30. [PubMed ]
2. Piccini M, Vitelli F, Bruttini M, Pober BR, Jonsson JJ, Villanova M, Zollo M, Borsani G, Ballabio A, Renieri A: FACL4, a new gene encoding long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4, is deleted in a family with Alport syndrome, elliptocytosis, and mental retardation. Genomics. 1998 Feb 1;47(3):350-8. [PubMed ]
3. Meloni I, Muscettola M, Raynaud M, Longo I, Bruttini M, Moizard MP, Gomot M, Chelly J, des Portes V, Fryns JP, Ropers HH, Magi B, Bellan C, Volpi N, Yntema HG, Lewis SE, Schaffer JE, Renieri A: FACL4, encoding fatty acid-CoA ligase 4, is mutated in nonspecific X-linked mental retardation. Nat Genet. 2002 Apr;30(4):436-40. Epub 2002 Mar 11. [PubMed ]

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1
2. LACS 1
3. Palmitoyl-CoA ligase 1
4. Long-chain fatty acid CoA ligase 2
5. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 2
6. LACS 2
7. Acyl-CoA synthetase 1
8. ACS1
9. Palmitoyl-CoA ligase 2

MQAHELFRYFRMPELVDFRQYVRTLPTNTLMGFGAFAALTTFWYATRPKPLKPPCDLSMQ
SVEVAGSGGARRSALLDSDEPLVYFYDDVTTLYEGFQRGIQVSNNGPCLGSRKPDQPYEW
LSYKQVAELSECIGSALIQKGFKTAPDQFIGIFAQNRPEWVIIEQGCFAYSMVIVPLYDT
LGNEAITYIVNKAELSLVFVDKPEKAKLLLEGVENKLIPGLKIIVVMDAYGSELVERGQR
CGVEVTSMKAMEDLGRANRRKPKPPAPEDLAVICFTSGTTGNPKGAMVTHRNIVSDCSAF
VKATENTVNPCPDDTLISFLPLAHMFERVVECVMLCHGAKIGFFQGDIRLLMDDLKVLQP
TVFPVVPRLLNRMFDRIFGQANTTLKRWLLDFASKRKEAELRSGIIRNNSLWDRLIFHKV
QSSLGGRVRLMVTGAAPVSATVLTFLRAALGCQFYEGYGQTECTAGCCLTMPGDWTAGHV
GAPMPCNLIKLVDVEEMNYMAAEGEGEVCVKGPNVFQGYLKDPAKTAEALDKDGWLHTGD
IGKWLPNGTLKIIDRKKHIFKLAQGEYIAPEKIENIYMRSEPVAQVFVHGESLQAFLIAI
VVPDVETLCSWAQKRGFEGSFEELCRNKDVKKAILEDMVRLGKDSGLKPFEQVKGITLHP
ELFSIDNGLLTPTMKAKRPELRNYFRSQIDDLYSTIKV

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• None

• 25-45

ATGCAAGCCCATGAGCTGTTCCGGTATTTTCGAATGCCAGAGCTGGTTGACTTCCGACAG
TACGTGCGTACTCTTCCGACCAACACGCTTATGGGCTTCGGAGCTTTTGCAGCACTCACC
ACCTTCTGGTACGCCACGAGACCCAAACCCCTGAAGCCGCCATGCGACCTCTCCATGCAG
TCAGTGGAAGTGGCGGGTAGTGGTGGTGCACGAAGATCCGCACTACTTGACAGCGACGAG
CCCTTGGTGTATTTCTATGATGATGTCACAACATTATACGAAGGTTTCCAGAGGGGAATA
CAGGTGTCAAATAATGGCCCTTGTTTAGGCTCTCGGAAACCAGACCAACCCTATGAATGG
CTTTCATATAAACAGGTTGCAGAATTGTCGGAGTGCATAGGCTCAGCACTGATCCAGAAG
GGCTTCAAGACTGCCCCAGATCAGTTCATTGGCATCTTTGCTCAAAATAGACCTGAGTGG
GTGATTATTGAACAAGGATGCTTTGCTTATTCGATGGTGATCGTTCCACTTTATGATACC
CTTGGAAATGAAGCCATCACGTACATAGTCAACAAAGCTGAACTCTCTCTGGTTTTTGTT
GACAAGCCAGAGAAGGCCAAACTCTTATTAGAGGGTGTAGAAAATAAGTTAATACCAGGC
CTTAAAATCATAGTTGTCATGGATGCCTACGGCAGTGAACTGGTGGAACGAGGCCAGAGG
TGTGGGGTGGAAGTCACCAGCATGAAGGCGATGGAGGACCTGGGAAGAGCCAACAGACGG
AAGCCCAAGCCTCCAGCACCTGAAGATCTTGCAGTAATTTGTTTCACAAGTGGAACTACA
GGCAACCCCAAAGGAGCAATGGTCACTCACCGAAACATAGTGAGCGATTGTTCAGCTTTT
GTGAAAGCAACAGAGAATACAGTCAATCCTTGCCCAGATGATACTTTGATATCTTTCTTG
CCTCTCGCCCATATGTTTGAGAGAGTTGTAGAGTGTGTAATGCTGTGTCATGGAGCTAAA
ATCGGATTTTTCCAAGGAGATATCAGGCTGCTCATGGATGACCTCAAGGTGCTTCAACCC
ACTGTCTTCCCCGTGGTTCCAAGACTGCTGAACCGGATGTTTGACCGAATTTTCGGACAA
GCAAACACCACGCTGAAGCGATGGCTCTTGGACTTTGCCTCCAAGAGGAAAGAAGCAGAG
CTTCGCAGCGGCATCATCAGAAACAACAGCCTGTGGGACCGGCTGATCTTCCACAAAGTA
CAGTCGAGCCTGGGCGGAAGAGTCCGGCTGATGGTGACAGGAGCCGCCCCGGTGTCTGCC
ACTGTGCTGACGTTCCTCAGAGCAGCCCTGGGCTGTCAGTTTTATGAAGGATACGGACAG
ACAGAGTGCACTGCCGGGTGCTGCCTAACCATGCCTGGAGACTGGACCGCAGGCCATGTT
GGGGCCCCGATGCCGTGCAATTTGATAAAACTTGTTGATGTGGAAGAAATGAATTACATG
GCTGCCGAGGGCGAGGGCGAGGTGTGTGTGAAAGGGCCAAATGTATTTCAGGGCTACTTG
AAGGACCCAGCGAAAACAGCAGAAGCTTTGGACAAAGACGGCTGGTTACACACAGGGGAC
ATTGGAAAATGGTTACCAAATGGCACCTTGAAAATTATCGACCGGAAAAAGCACATATTT
AAGCTGGCACAAGGAGAATACATAGCCCCTGAAAAGATTGAAAATATCTACATGCGAAGT
GAGCCTGTTGCTCAGGTGTTTGTCCACGGAGAAAGCCTGCAGGCATTTCTCATTGCAATT
GTGGTACCAGATGTTGAGACATTATGTTCCTGGGCCCAAAAGAGAGGATTTGAAGGGTCG
TTTGAGGAACTGTGCAGAAATAAGGATGTCAAAAAAGCTATCCTCGAAGATATGGTGAGA
CTTGGGAAGGATTCTGGTCTGAAACCATTTGAACAGGTCAAAGGCATCACATTGCACCCT
GAATTATTTTCTATCGACAATGGCCTTCTGACTCCAACAATGAAGGCGAAAAGGCCAGAG
CTGCGGAACTATTTCAGGTCGCAGATAGATGACCTCTATTCCACTATCAAGGTTTAG

1. Abe T, Fujino T, Fukuyama R, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Toh H, Suzuki H, Yamamoto T: Human long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase: structure and chromosomal location. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1992 Jan;111(1):123-8. [PubMed ]
2. Ghosh B, Barbosa E, Singh I: Molecular cloning and sequencing of human palmitoyl-CoA ligase and its tissue specific expression. Mol Cell Biochem. 1995 Oct 4;151(1):77-81. [PubMed ]
3. Malhotra KT, Malhotra K, Lubin BH, Kuypers FA: Identification and molecular characterization of acyl-CoA synthetase in human erythrocytes and erythroid precursors. Biochem J. 1999 Nov 15;344 Pt 1:135-43. [PubMed ]

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 6
2. LACS 6

MQTQEILRILRLPELGDLGQFFRSLSATTLVSMGALAAILAYWFTHRPKALQPPCNLLMQ
SEEVEDSGGARRSVIGSGPQLLTHYYDDARTMYQVFRRGLSISGNGPCLGFRKPKQPYQW
LSYQEVADRAEFLGSGLLQHNCKACTDQFIGVFAQNRPEWIIVELACYTYSMVVVPLYDT
LGPGAIRYIINTADISTVIVDKPQKAVLLLEHVERKETPGLKLIILMDPFEEALKERGQK
CGVVIKSMQAVEDCGQENHQAPVPPQPDDLSIVCFTSGTTGNPKGAMLTHGNVVADFSGF
LKVTEKVIFPRQDDVLISFLPLAHMFERVIQSVVYCHGGRVGFFQGDIRLLSDDMKALCP
TIFPVVPRLLNRMYDKIFSQANTPLKRWLLEFAAKRKQAEVRSGIIRNDSIWDELFFNKI
QASLGGCVRMIVTGAAPASPTVLGFLRAALGCQVYEGYGQTECTAGCTFTTPGDWTSGHV
GAPLPCNHIKLVDVEELNYWACKGEGEICVRGPNVFKGYLKDPDRTKEALDSDGWLHTGD
IGKWLPAGTLKIIDRKKHIFKLAQGEYVAPEKIENIYIRSQPVAQIYVHGDSLKAFLVGI
VVPDPEVMPSWAQKRGIEGTYADLCTNKDLKKAILEDMVRLGKESGLHSFEQVKAIHIHS
DMFSVQNGLLTPTLKAKRPELREYFKKQIEELYSISM

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• 1-37

ATGCAGACACAGGAGATCCTGAGGATACTGCGACTGCCTGAGCTAGGTGACTTGGAACAG
TTTTTCCGCAGCCTCTCGGCCACCACCCTCGTGAGTATGGGTGCCCTGGCTGCCATCCTT
GCCTACTGGTTCACTCAGCGGCCAAAGGCCTTGCAGCCGCCATGCAACCTCCTGATGCAG
TCAGAAGAAGTAGAGGACAGTGGCGGGGCACGGCGATCTGTGATTGGGTCTGGCCCTCAG
CTACTTACCCACTACTATGATGATGCCCGGACCATGTACCAGGTGTTCCGCCGTGGGCTT
AGCATCTCAGGGAATGGGCCCTGTCTTGGTTTCAGGAAGCCTAAGCAGCCTTACCAGTGG
CTGTCCTACCAGGAGGTGGCCGACAGGGCTGAATTTCTGGGGTCCGGACTTCTCCAGCAC
AATTGTAAAGCATGCACTGATCAGTTTATTGGTGTTTTTGCACAAAATCGGCCAGAGTGG
ATCATTGTGGAGCTGGCCTGCTACACATATTCCATGGTGGTGGTCCCGCTCTATGACACC
CTGGGCCCTGGGGCTATCCGCTACATCATCAATACAGCGGACATCAGCACCGTGATTGTG
GACAAACCTCAGAAGGCTGTGCTTCTGCTAGAGCATGTGGAGAGGAAGGAGACTCCAGGC
CTCAAGCTGATCATCCTCATGGACCCATTCGAAGAAGCCCTGAAAGAGAGAGGGCAGAAG
TGCGGGGTGGTCATTAAGTCCATGCAGGCCGTGGAGGACTGTGGCCAAGAGAATCACCAG
GCTCCTGTGCCCCCGCAGCCTGATGACCTCTCCATTGTGTGTTTCACAAGCGGCACGACA
GGGAACCCAAAAGGTGCGATGCTCACCCATGGGAACGTGGTGGCTGATTTCTCAGGCTTT
CTGAAAGTGACAGAGAGTCAGTGGGCTCCCACTTGTGCGGATGTGCACATTTCCTATTTG
CCTTTAGCACACATGTTTGAGCGAATGGTGCAGTCTGTCGTCTATTGCCACGGAGGGCGT
GTTGGCTTCTTCCAGGGAGATATCCGCCTTCTCTCAGATGACATGAAGGCTCTATGCCCC
ACCATCTTCCCTGTGGTCCCACGACTGCTGAACCGGATGTACGACAAGATCTTCAGCCAG
GCAAACACACCATTAAAGCGCTGGCTCCTGGAGTTTGCAGCAAAGCGTAAGCAAGCCGAG
GTCCGGAGTGGAATCATCAGGAATGATAGTATCTGGGATGAACTCTTCTTTAATAAGATT
CAGGCCAGTCTTGGTGGGTGTGTGCGGATGATTGTTACTGGAGCAGCCCCAGCATCACCA
ACAGTTCTGGGATTTCTCCGGGCAGCTCTAGGGTGCCAGGTTTATGAAGGTTATGGCCAA
ACTGAGTGCACAGCTGGATGTACCTTCACCACTCCTGGCGACTGGACCTCAGGGCACGTA
GGGGCGCCACTTCCCTGCAATCATATCAAGCTCGTTGATGTTGAGGAACTGAACTACTGG
GCCTGCAAAGGAGAGGGAGAGATATGTGTGAGAGGACCAAATGTGTTCAAAGGCTACTTG
AAAGATCCAGACAGGACGAAGGAGGCCCTGGACAGCGATGGCTGGCTTCACACTGGAGAC
ATCGGAAAATGGCTGCCGGCAGGAACTCTTAAAATTATTGATCGGAAAAAGCATATATTT
AAACTTGCTCAGGGAGAATATGTTGCACCCGAGAAGATTGAGAACATCTACATCCGGAGC
CAACCTGTGGCGCAAATCTATGTCCATGGGGACAGCTTAAAGGCCTTTTTGGTAGGCATT
GTTGTGCCTGACCCTGAAGTTATGCCCTCCTGGGCCCAGAAGAGAGGAATTGAAGGAACA
TATGCAGATCTCTGCACAAATAAGGATCTGAAGAAAGCCATTTTGGAAGATATGGTGAGG
TTAGGAAAAGAAAGTGGACTCCATTCTTTTGAGCAGGTTAAAGCCATTCACATCCATTCT
GACATGTTCTCAGTTCAAAATGGCTTGCTGACCCCAACACTAAAAGCTAAGAGACCTGAG
CTGAGAGAGTACTTCAAAAAACAAATAGAAGAGCTTTACTCAATCCCCATGTGA

1. Malhotra KT, Malhotra K, Lubin BH, Kuypers FA: Identification and molecular characterization of acyl-CoA synthetase in human erythrocytes and erythroid precursors. Biochem J. 1999 Nov 15;344 Pt 1:135-43. [PubMed ]
2. Yagasaki F, Jinnai I, Yoshida S, Yokoyama Y, Matsuda A, Kusumoto S, Kobayashi H, Terasaki H, Ohyashiki K, Asou N, Murohashi I, Bessho M, Hirashima K: Fusion of TEL/ETV6 to a novel ACS2 in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia with t(5;12)(q31;p13). Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 1999 Nov;26(3):192-202. [PubMed ]
3. Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, Kikuno R, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res. 1998 Dec 31;5(6):355-64. [PubMed ]

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 5
2. LACS 5

MLFIFNFLFSPLPTPALICILTFGAAIFLWLITRPQPVLPLLDLNNQSVGIEGGARKGVS
QKNNDLTSCCFSDAKTMYEVFQRGLAVSDNGPCLGYRKPNQPYRWLSYKQVSDRAEYLGS
CLLHKGYKSSPDQFVGIFAQNRPEWIISELACYTYSMVAVPLYDTLGPEAIVHIVNKADI
AMVICDTPQKALVLIGNVEKGFTPSLKVIILMDPFDDDLKQRGEKSGIEILSLYDAENLG
KEHFRKPVPPSPEDLSVICFTSGTTGDPKGAMITHQNIVSNAAAFLKCVEHAYEPTPDDV
AISYLPLAHMFERIVQAVVYSCGARVGFFQGDIRLLADDMKTLKPTLFPAVPRLLNRIYD
KVQNEAKTPLKKFLLKLAVSSKFKELQKGIIRHDSFWDKLIFAKIQDSLGGRVRVIVTGA
APMSTSVMTFFRAAMGCQVYEAYGQTECTGGCTFTLPGDWTSGHVGVPLACNYVKLEDVA
DMNYFTVNNEGEVCIKGTNVFKGYLKDPEKTQEALDSDGWLHTGDIGRWLPNGTLKIIDR
KKNIFKLAQGEYIAPEKIENIYNRSQPVLQIFVHGESLRSSLVGVVVPDTDVLPSFAAKL
GVKGSFEELCQNQVVREAILEDLQKIGKESGLKTFEQVKAIFLHPEPFSIENGLLTPTLK
AKRGELSKYFRTQIDSLYEHIQD

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• 1-35

ATGCTTTTTATCTTTAACTTTTTGTTTTCCCCACTTCCGACCCCGGCGTTGATCTGCATC
CTGACATTTGGAGCTGCCATCTTCTTGTGGCTGATCACCAGACCTCAACCCGTCTTACCT
CTTCTTGACCTGAACAATCAGTCTGTGGGAATTGAGGGAGGAGCACGGAAGGGGGTTTCC
CAGAAGAACAATGACCTAACAAGTTGCTGCTTCTCAGATGCCAAGACTATGTATGAGGTT
TTCCAAAGAGGACTCGCTGTGTCTGACAATGGGCCCTGCTTGGGATATAGAAAACCAAAC
CAGCCCTACAGATGGCTATCTTACAAACAGGTGTCTGATAGAGCAGAGTACCTGGGTTCC
TGTCTCTTGCATAAAGGTTATAAATCATCACCAGACCAGTTTGTCGGCATCTTTGCTCAG
AATAGGCCAGAGTGGATCATCTCCGAATTGGCTTGTTACACGTACTCTATGGTAGCTGTA
CCTCTGTATGACACCTTGGGACCAGAAGCCATCGTACATATTGTCAACAAGGCTGATATC
GCCATGGTGATCTGTGACACACCCCAAAAGGCATTGGTGCTGATAGGGAATGTAGAGAAA
GGCTTCACCCCGAGCCTGAAGGTGATCATCCTTATGGACCCCTTTGATGATGACCTGAAG
CAAAGAGGGGAGAAGAGTGGAATTGAGATCTTATCCCTATATGATGCTGAGAACCTAGGC
AAAGAGCACTTCAGAAAACCTGTGCCTCCTAGCCCAGAAGACCTGAGCGTCATCTGCTTC
ACCAGTGGGACCACAGGTGACCCCAAAGGAGCCATGATAACCCATCAAAATATTGTTTCA
AATGCTGCTGCCTTTCTCAAATGTGTGGAGCATGCTTATGAGCCCACTCCTGATGATGTG
GCCATATCCTACCTCCCTCTGGCTCATATGTTTGAGAGGATTGTACAGGCTGTTGTGTAC
AGCTGTGGAGCCAGAGTTGGATTCTTCCAAGGGGATATTCGGTTGCTGGCTGACGACATG
AAGACTTTGAAGCCCACATTGTTTCCCGCGGTGCCTCGACTCCTTAACAGGATCTACGAT
AAGGTACAAAATGAGGCCAAGACACCCTTGAAGAAGTTCTTGTTGAAGCTGGCTGTTTCC
AGTAAATTCAAAGAGCTTCAAAAGGGTATCATCAGGCATGATAGTTTCTGGGACAAGCTC
ATCTTTGCAAAGATCCAGGACAGCCTGGGCGGAAGGGTTCGTGTAATTGTCACTGGAGCT
GCCCCCATGTCCACTTCAGTCATGACATTCTTCCGGGCAGCAATGGGATGTCAGGTGTAT
GAAGCTTATGGTCAAACAGAATGCACAGGTGGCTGTACATTTACATTACCTGGGGACTGG
ACATCAGGTCACGTTGGGGTGCCCCTGGCTTGCAATTACGTGAAGCTGGAAGATGTGGCT
GACATGAACTACTTTACAGTGAATAATGAAGGAGAGGTCTGCATCAAGGGTACAAACGTG
TTCAAAGGATACCTGAAGGACCCTGAGAAGACACAGGAAGCCCTGGACAGTGATGGCTGG
CTTCACACAGGAGACATTGGTCGCTGGCTCCCGAATGGAACTCTGAAGATCATCGACCGT
AAAAAGAACATTTTCAAGCTGGCCCAAGGAGAATACATTGCACCAGAGAAGATAGAAAAT
ATCTACAACAGGAGTCAACCAGTGTTACAAATTTTTGTACACGGGGAGAGCTTACGGTCA
TCCTTAGTAGGAGTGGTGGTTCCTGACACAGATGTACTTCCCTCATTTGCAGCCAAGCTT
GGGGTGAAGGGCTCCTTTGAGGAACTGTGCCAAAACCAAGTTGTAAGGGAAGCCATTTTA
GAAGACTTGCAGAAAATTGGGAAAGAAAGTGGCCTTAAAACTTTTGAACAGGTCAAAGCC
ATTTTTCTTCATCCAGAGCCATTTTCCATTGAAAATGGGCTCTTGACACCAACATTGAAA
GCAAAGCGAGGAGAGCTTTCCAAATACTTTCGGACCCAAATTGACAGCCTGTATGAGCAC
ATCCAGGATTAG

1. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]

1. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3
2. LACS 3

MNNHVSSKPSTMKLKHTINPILLYFIHFLISLYTILTYIPFYFFSESRQEKSNRIKAKPV
NSKPDSAYRSVNSLDGLASVLYPGCDTLDKVFTYAKNKFKNKRLLGTREVLNEEDEVQPN
GKIFKKVILGQYNWLSYEDVFVRAFNFGNGLQMLGQKPKTNIAIFCETRAEWMIAAQACF
MYNFQLVTLYATLGGPAIVHALNETEVTNIITSKELLQTKLKDIVSLVPRLRHIITVDGK
PPTWSEFPKGIIVHTMAAVEALGAKASMENQPHSKPLPSDIAVIMYTSGSTGLPKGVMIS
HSNIIAGITGMAERIPELGEEDVYIGYLPLAHVLELSAELVCLSHGCRIGYSSPQTLADQ
SSKIKKGSKGDTSMLKPTLMAAVPEIMDRIYKNVMNKVSEMSSFQRNLFILAYNYKMEQI
SKGRNTPLCDSFVFRKVRSLLGGNIRLLLCGGAPLSATTQRFMNICFCCPVGQGYGLTES
AGAGTISEVWDYNTGRVGAPLVCCEIKLKNWEEGGYFNTDKPHPRGEILIGGQSVTMGYY
KNEAKTKADFFEDENGQRWLCTGDIGEFEPDGCLKIIDRKKDLVKLQAGEYVSLGKVEAA
LKNLPLVDNICAYANSYHSYVIGFVVPNQKELTELARKKGLKGTWEELCNSCEMENEVLK
VLSEAAISASLEKFEIPVKIRLSPEPWTPETGLVTDAFKLKRKELKTHYQADIERMYGRK

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• 1-31

ATGAATAACCACGTGTCTTCAAAACCATCTACCATGAAGCTAAAACATACCATCAACCCT
ATTCTTTTATATTTTATACATTTTCTAATATCACTTTATACTATTTTAACATACATTCCG
TTTTATTTTTTCTCCGAGTCAAGACAAGAAAAATCAAACCGAATTAAAGCAAAGCCTGTA
AATTCAAAACCTGATTCTGCATACAGATCTGTTAATAGTTTGGATGGTTTGGCTTCAGTA
TTATACCCTGGATGTGATACTTTAGATAAAGTTTTTACATATGCAAAAAACAAATTTAAG
AACAAAAGACTCTTGGGAACACGTGAAGTTTTAAATGAGGAAGATGAAGTACAACCAAAT
GGAAAAATTTTTAAAAAGGTTATTCTTGGACAGTATAATTGGCTTTCCTATGAAGATGTC
TTTGTTCGAGCCTTTAATTTTGGAAATGGATTACAGATGTTGGGTCAGAAACCAAAGACC
AACATCGCCATCTTCTGTGAGACCAGGGCCGAGTGGATGATAGCTGCACAGGCGTGTTTT
ATGTATAATTTTCAGCTTGTTACATTATATGCCACTCTAGGAGGTCCAGCCATTGTTCAT
GCATTAAATGAAACAGAGGTGACCAACATCATTACTAGTAAAGAACTCTTACAAACAAAG
TTGAAGGATATAGTTTCTTTGGTCCCACGCCTGCGGCACATCATCACTGTTGATGGAAAG
CCACCGACCTGGTCCGACTTCCCCAAGGGCATCATTGTGCATACCATGGCTGCAGTGGAG
GCCCTGGGAGCCAAGGCCAGCATGGAAAACCAACCTCATAGCAAACCATTGCCCTCAGAT
ATTGCAGTAATCATGTACACAAGTGGATCCACAGGACTTCCAAAGGGAGTCATGATCTCA
CATAGTAACATTATTGCTGGTATAACTGGGATGGCAGAAAGGATTCCAGAACTAGGAGAG
GAAGATGTCTACATTGGATATTTGCCTCTGGCCCATGTTCTAGAATTAAGTGCTGAGCTT
GTCTGTCTTTCTCACGGATGCCGCATTGGTTACTCTTCACCACAGACTTTAGCAGATCAG
TCTTCAAAAATTAAAAAAGGAAGCAAAGGGGATACATCCATGTTGAAACCAACACTGATG
GCAGCAGTTCCGGAAATCATGGATCGGATCTACAAAAATGTCATGAATAAAGTCAGTGAA
ATGAGTAGTTTTCAACGTAATCTGTTTATTCTGGCCTATAATTACAAAATGGAACAGATT
TCAAAAGGACGTAATACTCCACTGTGCGACAGCTTTGTTTTCCGGAAAGTTCGAAGCTTG
CTAGGGGGAAATATTCGTCTCCTGTTGTGTGGTGGCGCTCCACTTTCTGCAACCACGCAG
CGATTCATGAACATCTGTTTCTGCTGTCCTGTTGGTCAGGGATACGGGCTCACTGAATCT
GCTGGGGCTGGAACAATTTCCGAAGTGTGGGACTACAATACTGGCAGAGTGGGAGCACCA
TTAGTTTGCTGTGAAATCAAATTAAAAAACTGGGAGGAAGGTGGATACTTTAATACTGAT
AAGCCACACCCCAGGGGTGAAATTCTTATTGGGGGCCAAAGTGTGACAATGGGGTACTAC
AAAAATGAAGCAAAAACAAAAGCTGATTTCTCTGAAGATGAAAATGGACAAAGGTGGCTC
TGTACTGGGGATATTGGAGAGTTTGAACCCGATGGATGCTTAAAGATTATTGATCGTAAA
AAGGACCTTGTAAAACTACAGGCAGGGGAATATGTTTCTCTTGGGAAAGTAGAGGCAGCT
TTGAAGAATCTTCCACTAGTAGATAACATTTGTGCATATGCAAACAGTTATCATTCTTAT
GTCATTGGATTTGTTGTGCCAAATCAAAAGGAACTAACTGAACTAGCTCGAAAGAAAGGA
CTTAAAGGGACTTGGGAGGAGCTGTGTAACAGTTGTGAAATGGAAAATGAGGTACTTAAA
GTGCTTTCCGAAGCTGCTATTTCAGCAAGTCTGGAAAAGTTTGAAATTCCAGTAAAAATT
CGTTTGAGTCCTGAACCGTGGACCCCTGAAACTGGTCTGGTGACAGATGCCTTCAAGCTG
AAACGCAAAGAGCTTAAAACACATTACCAGGCGGACATTGAGCGAATGTATGGAAGAAAA
TAA

1. Minekura H, Fujino T, Kang MJ, Fujita T, Endo Y, Yamamoto TT: Human acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 3 cDNA and localization of its gene (ACS3) to chromosome band 2q34-q35. Genomics. 1997 May 15;42(1):180-1. [PubMed ]
2. Minekura H, Kang MJ, Inagaki Y, Suzuki H, Sato H, Fujino T, Yamamoto TT: Genomic organization and transcription units of the human acyl-CoA synthetase 3 gene. Gene. 2001 Oct 31;278(1-2):185-92. [PubMed ]

1. GPAT

MDESALTLGTIDVSYLPHSSEYSVGRCKHTSEEWGECGFRPTIFRSATLKWKESLMSRKR
PFVGRCCYSCTPQSWDKFFNPSIPSLGLRNVIYINETHTRHRGWLARRLSYVLFIQERDV
HKGMFATNVTENVLNSSRVQEAIAEVAAELNPDGSAQQQSKAVNKVKKKAKRILQEMVAT
VSPAMIRLTGWVLLKLFNSFFWNIQIHKGQLEMVKAATETNLPLLFLPVHRSHIDYLLLT
FILFCHNIKAPYIASGNNLNIPIFSTLIHKLGGFFIRRRLDETPDGRKDVLYRALLHGHI
VELLRQQQFLEIFLEGTRSRSGKTSCARAGLLSVVVDTLSTNVIPDILIIPVGISYDRII
EGHYNGEQLGKPKKNESLWSVARGVIRMLRKNYGCVRVDFAQPFSLKEYLESQSQKPVSA
LLSLEQALLPAILPSRPSDAADEGRDTSINESRNATDESLRRRLIANLAEHILFTASKSC
AIMSTHIVACLLLYRHRQGIDLSTLVEDFFVMKEEVLARDFDLGFSGNSEDVVMHAIQLL
GNCVTITHTSRNDEFFITPSTTVPSVFELNFYSNGVLHVFIMEAIIACSLYAVLNKRGLG
GPTSTPPNLISQEQLVRKAASLCYLLSNEGTISLPCQTFYQVCHETVGKFIQYGILTVAE
HDDQEDISPSLAEQQWDKKLPEPLSWRSDEEDEDSDFGEEQRDCYLKVSQSKEHQQFITF
LQRLLGPLLEAYSSAAIFVHNFSGPVPEPEYLQKLHKYLITRTERNVAVYAESATYCLVK
NAVKMFKDIGVFKETKQKRVSVLELSSTFLPQCNRQKLLEYILSFVVL

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

• Acyltransferase (PF01553 )

• None

• 472-494 575-593

1. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Nakayama M, Hirosawa M, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res. 2000 Aug 31;7(4):273-81. [PubMed ]

1. HsNrbf-1
2. NRBF-1

MWVCSTLWRVRTPARQWRGLLPASGCHGPAASSYSASAEPARVRALVYGHHGDPAKVVEL
KNLELAAVRGSDVRVKMLAAPINPSDINMIQGNYGLLPELPAVGGNEGVAQVVAVGSNVT
GLKPGDWVIPANAGLGTWRTEAVFSEEALIQVPSDIPLQSAATLGVNPCTAYRMLMDFEQ
LQPGDSVIQNASNSGVGQAVIQIAAALGLRTINVVRDRPDIQKLSDRLKSLGAEHVITEE
ELRRPEMKNFFKDMPQPRLALNCVGGKSSTELLRQLARGGTMVTYGGMAKQPVVASVSLL
IFKDLKLRGFWLSQWKKDHSPDQFKELILTLCDLIRRGQLTAPACSQVPLQDYQSALEAS
MKPFISSKQILTM

• acyl-CoA + NADP+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+

• ADH_N (PF08240 )
• ADH_zinc_N (PF00107 )

• 1-19

ATGTGGGTCTGCAGTACCCTGTGGCGGGTGCGAACCCCGCCCGGCAGTGGCGGGGGCCTG
CTCCCAGCTTCTGGCTGTCACGGACCTGCCGCCTCCTCCTACTCCGCATCCGCCGAGCCT
GCCCGGGTCCGCGGCGTTGTCTATGGGCACCACGGGGATCCAGCCAAGGTCGTCGAACTC
AAGAACCTGGAGCTAGCTGCTGTGAGAGGATCAGATGTCCGTGTGAAGATGCTGGCGGCC
CCTATCAATCCATCTGACATAAATATGATCCAAGGAAACTACGGACTCCTTCCTGAACTG
CCTGCTGTTGGAGGGAACGAAGGTGTTGCACAGGTGGTAGCGGTGGGCAGCAATGTGACC
GGGCTGAAGCCAGGAGACTGGGTGATTCCAGCAAATGCTGGTTTAGGAACCTGGCGGACC
GAGGCTGTGTTCAGCGAGGAAGCACTGATCCAAGTTCCGAGTGACATCCCTCTTCAGAGC
GCTGCCACCCTGGGTGTCAATCCCTGCACAGCCTACAGGATGTTGATGGACTTCGAGCAA
CTGCAGCCAGGGGATTCTGTCATCCAGAATGCATCCAACAGCGGAGTGGGGCAAGCGGTC
ATCCAGATCGCCGCAGCCCTGGGCCTAAGAACCATCAATGTGGTCCGAGACAGACCTGAT
ATCCAGAAGCTGAGTGACAGACTGAAGAGTCTGGGGGCTGAGCATGTCATCACAGAAGAG
GAGCTAAGAAGGCCCGAAATGAAAAACTTCTTTAAGGACATGCCCCAGCCACGGCTTGCT
CTCAACTGTGTTGGTGGGAAAAGCTCCACAGAGCTGCTGCGCCAGTTAGCGCGTGGAGGA
ACCATGGTAACCTATGGGGGGATGGCCAAGCAGCCCGTCGTAGCCTCTGTGAGCCTGCTC
ATTTTTAAGGATCTCAAACTTCGAGGCTTTTGGTTGTCCCAGTGGAAGAAGGATCACAGT
CCAGACCAGTTCAAGGAGCTGATCCTCACACTGTGCGATCTCATCCGCCGAGGCCAGCTC
ACAGCCCCTGCCTGCTCCCAGGTCCCGCTGCAGGACTACCAGTCTGCCTTGGAAGCCTCC
ATGAAGCCCTTCATATCTTCAAAGCAGATTCTCACCATGTGA

1. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W: Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics. Genome Res. 2000 May;10(5):703-13. [PubMed ]
2. Miinalainen IJ, Chen ZJ, Torkko JM, Pirila PL, Sormunen RT, Bergmann U, Qin YM, Hiltunen JK: Characterization of 2-enoyl thioester reductase from mammals. An ortholog of YBR026p/MRF1'p of the yeast mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis type II. J Biol Chem. 2003 May 30;278(22):20154-61. Epub 2003 Mar 24. [PubMed ]

1. TERP
2. HPDHase
3. pVI-ARL
4. 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase-related protein
5. DCR-RP

MASWAKGRSYLAPGLLQGQVAIVTGGATGIGKAIVKELLELGSNVVIASRKLERLKSAAD
ELQANLPPTKQARVIPIQCNIRNEEEVNNLVKSTLDTFGKINFLVNNGGGQFLSPAEHIS
SKGWHAVLETNLTGTFYMCKAVYSSWMKEHGGSIVNIIVPTKAGFPLAVHSGAARAGVYN
LTKSLALEWACSGIRINCVAPGVIYSQTAVENYGSWGQSFFEGSFQKIPAKRIGVPEEVS
SVVCFLLSPAASFITGQSVDVDGGRSLYTHSYEVPDHDNWPKGAGDLSVVKKMKETFKEK
AKL

• acyl-CoA + NADP+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+

• adh_short (PF00106 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCTCCTGGGCTAAGGGCAGGAGCTACCTGGCGCCTGGTTTGCTGCAGGGCCAAGTG
GCCATCGTCACCGGCGGGGCCACGGGCATCGGAAAAGCCATCGTGAAGGAGCTCCTGGAG
CTGGGGAGTAATGTGGTCATTGCATCCCGTAAGTTGGAGAGATTGAAGTCTGCGGCAGAT
GAACTGCAGGCCAACCTACCTCCCACAAAGCAGGCACGAGTCATTCCCATACAATGCAAC
ATCCGGAATGAGGAGGAGGTGAATAATTTGGTCAAATCTACCTTAGATACTTTTGGTAAG
ATCAATTTCTTGGTGAACAATGGAGGAGGCCAGTTTCTTTCCCCTGCTGAACACATCAGT
TCTAAGGGATGGCACGCTGTGCTTGAGACCAACCTGACGGGTACCTTCTACATGTGCAAA
GCAGTTTACAGCTCCTGGATGAAAGAGCATGGAGGATCTATCGTCAATATCATTGTCCCT
ACTAAAGCTGGATTTCCATTAGCTGTGCATTCTGGAGCTGCAAGAGCAGGTGTTTACAAC
CTCACCAAATCTTTAGCTTTGGAATGGGCCTGCAGTGGAATACGGATCAATTGTGTTGCC
CCTGGAGTTATTTATTCCCAGACTGCTGTGGAGAACTATGGTTCCTGGGGACAAAGCTTC
TTTGAAGGGTCTTTTCAGAAAATCCCCGCTAAACGAATTGGTGTTCCTGAGGAGGTCTCC
TCTGTGGTCTGCTTCCTACTGTCTCCTGCAGCTTCCTTCATCACTGGACAGTCAGTGGAT
GTGGATGGGGGCCGGAGTCTCTATACTCACTCGTATGAGGTACCAGATCATGACAACTGG
CCCAAGGGAGCAGGGGACCTTTCTGTTGTCAAAAAGATGAAGGAGACCTTTAAGGAGAAA
GCTAAGCTCTGA

1. Das AK, Uhler MD, Hajra AK: Molecular cloning and expression of mammalian peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-coenzyme A reductase cDNAs. J Biol Chem. 2000 Aug 11;275(32):24333-40. [PubMed ]
2. Amery L, Mannaerts GP, Subramani S, Van Veldhoven PP, Fransen M: Identification of a novel human peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase related protein using the M13 phage protein VI phage display technology. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2001 Nov;4(7):545-52. [PubMed ]

1. Long chain acyl-CoA thioester hydrolase
2. CTE-II
3. CTE-IIa
4. Brain acyl-CoA hydrolase
5. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 7

MKLLARALRLCEFGRQASSRRLVAGQGCVGPRRGCCAPVQVVGPRADLPPCGACITGRIM
RPDDANVAGNVHGGTILKMIEEAGAIISTRHCNSQNGERCVAALARVERTDFLSPMCIGE
VAHVSAEITYTSKHSVEVQVNVMSENILTGAKKLTNKATLWYVPLSLKNVDKVLEVPPVV
YSRQEQEEEGRKRYEAQKLERMETKWRNGDIVQPVLNPEPNTVSYSQSSLIHLVGPSDCT
LHGFVHGGVTMKLMDEVAGIVAARHCKTNIVTASVDAINFHDKIRKGCVITISGRMTFTS
NKSMEIEVLVDADPVVDSSQKRYRAASAFFTYVSLSQEGRSLPVPQLVPETEDEKKRFEE
GKGRYLQMKAKRQGHAEPQP

• palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate

• 4HBT (PF03061 )

• 1-19

ATGTCGGGCCCAGACGTCGAGACGCCGTCCGCCATCCAGATCTGCCGGATCATGCGGCCA
GATGATGCCAACGTGGCCGGCAATGTCCACGGGGGGACCATCCTGAAGATGATCGAGGAG
GCAGGCGCCATCATCAGCACCCGGCATTGCAACAGCCAGAACGGGGAGCGCTGTGTGGCC
GCCCTGGCTCGTGTCGAGCGCACCGACTTCCTGTCTCCCATGTGCATCGGTGAGGTGGCG
CATGTCAGCGCGGAGATCACCTACACCTCCAAGCACTCTGTGGAGGTGCAGGTCAACGTG
ATGTCCGAAAACATCCTCACAGGTGCCAAAAAGCTGACCAATAAGGCCACCCTGTGGTAT
GTGCCCCTGTCGCTGAAGAATGTGGACAAGGTCCTCGAGGTGCCTCCTGTTGTGTATTCC
CGGCAGGAGCAGGAGGAGGAGGGCCGGAAGCGGTATGAAGCCCAGAAGCTGGAGCGCATG
GAGACCAAGTGGAGGAACGGGGACATCGTCCAGCCAGTCCTCAACCCAGAGCCGAACACT
GTCAGCTACAGCCAGTCCAGCTTGATCCACCTGGTGGGGCCTTCAGACTGCACCCTGCAC
GGCTTTGTGCACGGAGGTGTGACCATGAAGCTCATGGATGAGGTCGCCGGGATCGTGGCT
GCACGCCACTGCAAGACCAACATCGTCACAGCTTCCGTGGACGCCATTAATTTTCATGAC
AAGATCAGAAAAGGCTGCGTCATCACCATCTCGGGACGCATGACCTTCACGAGCAATAAG
TCCATGGAGATCGAGGTGTTGGTGGACGCCGACCCTGTTGTGGACAGCTCTCAGAAGCGC
TACCGGGCCGCCAGTGCCTTCTTCACCTACGTGTCGCTGAGCCAGGAAGGCAGGTCGCTG
CCTGTGCCCCAGCTGGTGCCCGAGACCGAGGACGAGAAGAAGCGCTTTGAGGAAGGCAAA
GGGCGGTACCTGCAGATGAAGGCGAAGCGACAGGGCCACGCGGAGCCTCAGCCCTAG

1. Yamada J, Kurata A, Hirata M, Taniguchi T, Takama H, Furihata T, Shiratori K, Iida N, Takagi-Sakuma M, Watanabe T, Kurosaki K, Endo T, Suga T: Purification, molecular cloning, and genomic organization of human brain long-chain acyl-CoA hydrolase. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1999 Dec;126(6):1013-9. [PubMed ]

1. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 2
2. Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A thioester hydrolase 2a
3. Peroxisomal long-chain acyl-coA thioesterase 2
4. ZAP128
5. CTE-Ia

MSNKLLSPHPHSVVLRSEFKMASSPAVLRASRLYQWSLKSSAQFLGSPQLRQVGQIIRVP
ARMAATLILEPAGRCCWDEPVRIAVRGLAPEQPVTLRASLRDEKGALFQAHARYRADTLG
ELDLERAPALGGSFAGLEPMGLLWALEPEKPLVRLVKRDVRTPLAVELEVLDGHDPDPGR
LLCQTRHERYFLPPGVRREPVRVGRVRGTLFLPPEPGPFPGIVDMFGTGGGLLEYRASLL
AGKGFAVMALAYYNYEDLPKTMETLHLEYFEEAMNYLLSHPEVKGPGVGLLGISKGGELC
LSMASFLKGITAAVVINGSVANVGGTLRYKGETLPPVGVNRNRIKVTKDGYADIVDVLNS
PLEGPDQKSFIPVERAESTFLFLVGQDDHNWKSEFYANEACKRLQAHGRRKPQIICYPET
GHYIEPPYFPLCRASLHALVGSPIIWGGEPRAHAMAQVDAWKQLQTFFHKHLGGREGTIP
SKV

• palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate

• BAAT_C (PF08840 )
• Bile_Hydr_Trans (PF04775 )

• None

• None

CCCCCGGGCTGCAGGAATTCCTGAATTCAAAATGGCCTCATCTCCTGCTGTCCTTCGAGC
GTCCCGGCTGTACCAATGGAGCCTGAAGAGTTCGGCGCAGTTCCTGGGGTCTCCACAGCT
GAGGCAGAACCTGGGCCCTTTCCTGGGATTGTGGACATGTTCGGGAACTGGAGGTGGCCT
GCTGGAGTATCGGGCTAGTCTGCTGGCTGGGAAGGGTTTTGCTGTGATGGCTCTGGCTTA
TTATAACTATGAAGACCTCCCCAAGACCATGGAGACGCTCCATCTGGAGTACTTTGAAGA
AGCCATGAACTACTTGCTCAGTCATCCCGAGGTAAAAGGTCCAGGAGTTGGGCTGCTTGG
AATTTCCAAAGGGGGTGAGCTCTGCCTTTCCATGGCCTCTTTCCTGAAGGGCATCACGGC
TGCTGTCGTCATCAACGGCTCTGTGGCCAATGTTGGGGGAACCTTACACTACAAGGGCGA
GACCCTGCCCCCTGTGGGCGTCAACAGAAATCGCATCAAGGTGACCAAAGATGGCTATGC
AGACATTGTGGATGTCCTGAACAGCCCTTTGGAAGGACCTGACCAGAAGAGCTTCATTCC
TGTGGAAAGGGCAGAGAGCACCTTCCTGTTCCTGGTAGGTCAGGATGACCACAACTGGAA
GAGTGAGTTCTATGCTAATGAGGCCTGTAAACGCTTGCAGGCCCATGGGAGGAGAAAGCC
CCAGATCATCTGTTACCCAGAGACAGGGCACTATATTGAGCCTCCTTACTTCCCCCTGTG
TCGGGCTTCCCTGCATGCCTTGGTGGGCAGTCCTATTATCTGGGGAGGGGAGCCCAGGGC
TCATGCCATGGCTCAGGTGGATGCTTGGAAACAACTCCAGACTTTCTTCCACAAACACTT
GGGTGGCCACGAGGGGACAATCCCATCAAAAGTGTAA

1. Sherrington R, Rogaev EI, Liang Y, Rogaeva EA, Levesque G, Ikeda M, Chi H, Lin C, Li G, Holman K, et al.: Cloning of a gene bearing missense mutations in early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. Nature. 1995 Jun 29;375(6534):754-60. [PubMed ]
2. Jones JM, Gould SJ: Identification of PTE2, a human peroxisomal long-chain acyl-CoA thioesterase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Aug 18;275(1):233-40. [PubMed ]

1. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 4
2. Peroxisomal acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase Ib
3. Peroxisomal long-chain acyl-coA thioesterase Ib
4. PTE-Ib
5. PTE-2b

MSATLILEPPGRCCWNEPVRIAVRGLAPEQRVTLRASLRDEKGALFRAHARYCADARGEL
DLERAPALGGSFAGLEPMGLLWALEPEKPFWRFLKRDVQIPFVVELEVLDGHDPEPGRLL
CQAQHERHFLPPGVRRQSVRAGRVRATLFLPPGPGPFPGIIDIFGIGGGLLEYRASLLAG
HGFATLALAYYNFEDLPNNMDNISLEYFEEAVCYMLQHPQVKGPGIGLLGISLGADICLS
MASFLKNVSATVSINGSGISGNTAINYKHSSIPPLGYDLRRIKVAFSGLVDIVDIRNALV
GGYKNPSMIPIEKAQGPILLIVGQDDHNWRSELYAQTVSERLQAHGKEKPQIICYPGTGH
YIEPPYFPLCPASLHRLLNKHVIWGGEPRAHSKAQEDAWKQILAFFCKHLGGTQKTAVPK
L

• palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate

• BAAT_C (PF08840 )
• Bile_Hydr_Trans (PF04775 )

• None

• None

ATGTCAGCAACGCTGATCCTGGAGCCCCCAGGCCGCTGCTGCTGGAACGAGCCGGTGCGC
ATTGCCGTGCGCGGCCTGGCCCCGGAGCAGCGGGTTACGCTGCGCGCGTCCCTGCGCGAC
GAGAAGGGCGCGCTCTTCCGGGCCCACGCGCGCTACTGCGCCGACGCCCGCGGCGAGCTG
GACCTGGAGCGCGCACCCGCGCTGGGCGGCAGCTTCGCGGGACTCGAGCCCATGGGGCTG
CTCTGGGCCCTGGAACCCGAGAAGCCTTTTTGGCGCTTCCTGAAGCGGGACGTACAGATT
CCTTTTGTCGTGGAGTTGGAGGTGCTGGACGGCCACGACCCCGAGCCTGGACGGCTGCTG
TGCCAGGCGCAGCACGAGCGCCACTTCCCCCCGCCAGGGGTGCGGCGCCAGTCGGTGCGA
GCGGGCCGGGTGCGCGCCACGCTCTTCCTGCCGCCAGGACCTGGACCCTTCCCAGGGATC
ATTGACATCTTTGGTATTGGAGGGGGCCTCTTGGAATATCGAGCCAGCCTCCTTGCTGGC
CATGGCTTTGCCACGTTGGATCTTCAAAGTTATAACTTTGAAGATCTCCCCAATAACATG
GACAACATATCCCTGGAGTACTTCGAAGAAGCCGTATGCTACATGCTTCAACATCCCCAG
GTAAAAGGCCCAGGCATTGGGCTTTTGGGCATTTCCCTAGGAGCTGATATTTGTCTCTCA
ATGGCCTCATTCTTGAAGAATGTCTCAGCCACAGTTTCCATCAATGGATCTGGGATCAGT
GGGAACACAGCCATCAACTATAAGCACAGTAGCATTCCACCATTGGGCTATGACCTGAGG
AGAATCAAGGTAGCTTTCTCAGGCCTCGTGGACATCGTGGATATAAGGAATGCTCTCGTA
GGAGGGTACAAGAACCCCAGCATGATTCCAATAGAGAAGGCCCAGGGGCCCATCCTGCTC
ATTGTTGGTCAGGATGACCATAACTGGAGAAGTGAGTTGTATGCCCAAACAGTCTCTGAA
CGGTTACAGGCCCATGGAAAGGAAAAACCCCAGATCATCTGTTACCCTGGGACTGGGCAT
TACATCGAGCCTCCTTACTTCCCCCTGTGCCCAGCTTCCCTTCACAGATTACTGAACAAA
CATGTTATATGGGGTGGGGAGCCCAGGGCTCATTCTAAGGCCCAGGAAGATGCCTGGAAG
CAAATTCTAGCCTTCTTCTGCAAACACCTGGGAGGTACCCAGAAAACAGCTGTCCCTAAA
TTGTAA

1. Choloyl-coenzyme A thioesterase
2. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 8
3. Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A thioester hydrolase 1
4. PTE-1
5. Peroxisomal long-chain acyl-coA thioesterase 1
6. HIV-Nef-associated acyl coA thioesterase
7. Thioesterase II
8. hTE
9. hACTEIII
10. hACTE-III
11. PTE-2

MSSPQAPEDGQGCGDRGDPPGDLRSVLVTTVLNLEPLDEDLFRGRHYWVPAKRLFGGQIV
GQALVAAAKSVSEDVHVHSLHCYFVRAGDPKLPVLYQVERTRTGSSFSVRSVKAVQHGKP
IFICQASFQQAQPSPMQHQFSMPTVPPPEELLDCETLIDQYLRDPNLQKRYPLALNRIAA
QEVPIEIKPVNPSPLSQLQRMEPKQMFWVRARGYIGEGDMKMHCCVAAYISDYAFLGTAL
LPHQWQHKVHFMVSLDHSMWFHAPFRADHWMLYECESPWAGGSRGLVHGRLWRQDGVLAV
TCAQEGVIRVKPQVSESKL

• Acyl_CoA_thio (PF02551 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGTCCCCGCAGGCCCCAGAAGATGGGCAGGGCTGTGGCGACCGCGGCGATCCCCCT
GGGGACCTCCGTAGCGTCTTGGTCACGACCGTGCTCAACCTCGAGCCGCTGGACGAGGAT
CTCTTCAGAGGAAGGCATTACTGGGTACCGGCCAAGAGGCTGTTTGGTGGTCAGATCGTG
GGCCAGGCCCTGGTGGCTGCAGCCAAGTCTGTGAGTGAAGACGTCCACGTGCACTCCCTG
CACTGCTACTTTGTTCGGGCAGGGGACCCGAAGCTGCCAGTACTGTACCAAGTGGAGCGG
ACACGAACAGGGTCGAGCTTCTCGGTGCGCTCTGTGAAGGCCGTGCAACATGGGAAGCCC
ATCTTCATCTGCCAGGCCTCCTTCCAGCAGGCCCAGCCCAGCCCCATGCAGCACCAGTTC
TCCATGCCCACTGTGCCACCACCAGAAGAGCTGCTTGACTGTGAGACCCTCATTGACCAG
TATTTAAGGGACCCTAACCTCCAAAAGAGGTACCCATTGGCGCTCAACCGAATTGCTGCT
CAGGAGGTCCCCATTGAGATCAAGCCAGTAAACCCATCCCCCCTGAGCCAGCTGCAGAGA
ATGGAGCCCAAACAGATGTTCTGGGTGCGAGCCCGGGGCTATATTGGCGAGGGCGACATG
AAGATGCACTGCTGCGTGGCCGCCTATATCTCCGACTATGCCTTCTTGGGCACTGCACTG
CTGCCTCACCAGTGGCAGCACAAGGTGCACTTCATGGTCTCACTGGACCATTCCATGTGG
TTCCACGCCCCCTTCCGAGCTGACCACTGGATGCTCTATGAATGCGAGAGCCCCTGGGCC
GGTGGCTCTCGGGGGCTGGTCCATGGGCGGCTGTGGCGTCAGGATGGAGTCCTAGCTGTG
ACCTGTGCCCAGGAGGGCGTGATCCGAGTGAAGCCCCAGGTCTCAGAGAGCAAGCTGTAG

1. Watanabe H, Shiratori T, Shoji H, Miyatake S, Okazaki Y, Ikuta K, Sato T, Saito T: A novel acyl-CoA thioesterase enhances its enzymatic activity by direct binding with HIV Nef. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Sep 8;238(1):234-9. [PubMed ]
2. Liu LX, Margottin F, Le Gall S, Schwartz O, Selig L, Benarous R, Benichou S: Binding of HIV-1 Nef to a novel thioesterase enzyme correlates with Nef-mediated CD4 down-regulation. J Biol Chem. 1997 May 23;272(21):13779-85. [PubMed ]
3. Jones JM, Nau K, Geraghty MT, Erdmann R, Gould SJ: Identification of peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterases in yeast and humans. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 2;274(14):9216-23. [PubMed ]
4. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
5. Hunt MC, Alexson SE: The role Acyl-CoA thioesterases play in mediating intracellular lipid metabolism. Prog Lipid Res. 2002 Mar;41(2):99-130. [PubMed ]

1. DHAP-AT
2. DAP-AT
3. Glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase
4. Acyl- CoA:dihydroxyacetonephosphateacyltransferase

MESSSSSNSYFSVGPTSPSAVVLLYSKELKKWDEFEDILEERRHVSDLKFAMKCYTPLVY
KGITPCKPIDIKCSVLNSEEIHYVIKQLSKESLQSVDVLREEVSEILDEMSHKLRLGAIR
FCAFTLSKVFKQIFSKVCVNEEGIQKLQRAIQEHPVVLLPSHRSYIDFLMLSFLLYNYDL
PVPVIAAGMDFLGMKMVGELLRMSGAFFMRRTFGGNKLYWAVFSEYVKTMLRNGYAPVEF
FLEGTRSRSAKTLTPKFGLLNIVMEPFFKREVFDTYLVPISISYDKILEETLYVYELLGV
PKPKESTTGLLKARKILSENFGSIHVYFGDPVSLRSLAAGRMSRSSYNLVPRYIPQKQSE
DMHAFVTEVAYKMELLQIENMVLSPWTLIVAVLLQNRPSMDFDALVEKTLWLKGLTQAFG
GFLIWPDNKPAEEVVPASILLHSNIASLVKDQVILKVDSGDSEVVDGLMLQHITLLMCSA
YRNQLLNIFVRPSLVAVALQMTPGFRKEDVYSCFRFLRDVFADEFIFLPGNTLKDFEEGC
YLLCKSEAIQVTTKDILVTEKGNTVLEFLVGLFKPFVESYQIICKYLLSEEEDHFSEEQY
LAAVRKFTSQLLDQGTSQCYDVLSSDVQKNALAACVRLGVVEKKKINNNCIFNVNEPATT
KLEEMLGCKTPIGKPATAKL

• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• acyl-CoA + glycerone phosphate = CoA + acylglycerone phosphate

• Acyltransferase (PF01553 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGTCTTCCAGTTCATCTAACTCTTATTTCTCCGTTGGCCCAACCAGTCCCAGCGCT
GTCGTGCTCCTCTACTCGAAGGAGCTCAAAAAGTGGGATGAGTTTGAAGATATTTTAGAA
GAGAGGAGGCATGTCAGTGACTTGAAATTTGCAATGAAATGCTACACACCTCTTGTCTAT
AAGGGAATTACTCCATGTAAACCAATTGATATTAAATGTAGTGTTCTCAATTCTGAGGAG
ATTCATTATGTCATTAAACAGCTTTCCAAGGAATCCCTTCAATCTGTGGATGTCCTCCGA
GAGGAAGTGAGTGAGATCTTAGATGAAATGAGTCACAAACTGCGTCTTGGAGCCATTCGG
TTTTGTGCCTTCACCCTGAGCAAAGTATTTAAACAAATTTTCTCGAAGGTGTGTGTAAAT
GAAGAAGGTATTCAGAAACTACAAAGAGCCATCCAGGAGCATCCTGTTGTTCTGCTGCCT
AGTCATCGAAGTTACATTGACTTCCTCATGTTGTCTTTTCTTCTATACAATTATGATTTG
CCTGTGCCAGTTATAGCAGCAGGAATGGACTTCCTGGGAATGAAAATGGTTGGTGAGCTG
CTACGAATGTCGGGTGCCTTTTTCATGCGGCGTACCTTTGGTGGCAATAAACTCTACTGG
GCTGTATTCTCTGAATATGTAAAAACTATGTTACGGAATGGTTATGCTCCTGTTGAATTT
TTCCTCGAAGGGACAAGAAGCCGCTCTGCCAAGACATTGACTCCTAAATTTGGTCTTCTG
AATATTGTGATGGAGCCATTTTTTAAAAGAGAAGTTTTTGATACCTACCTTGTCCCAATT
AGTATCAGTTATGATAAGATCTTGGAAGAAACTCTTTATGTGTATGAGCTTCTAGGGGTT
CCTAAACCAAAAGAGTCTACAACTGGGTTGCTGAAAGCCAGAAAGATTCTCTCTGAAAAT
TTTGGAAGCATCCATGTGTACTTTGGAGATCCTGTGTCACTTCGATCTTTGGCAGCTGGG
AGGATGAGTCGGAGCTCATATAACTTGGTTCCAAGATACATTCCTCAGAAACAGTCTGAG
GACATGCATGCCTTTGTCACTGAAGTTGCCTACAAAATGGAGCTTCTGCAAATTGAAAAC
ATGGTTTTGAGCCCCTGGACCCTAATAGTTGCTGTTCTGCTTCAGAACCGGCCATCCATG
GACTTTGATGCTCTGGTGGAAAAGACTTTATGGCTAAAAGGCTTAACCCAGGCATTTGGA
GGGTTTCTCATTTGGCCTGATAATAAACCTGCTGAAGAAGTTGTCCCGGCCAGCATTCTT
CTGCATTCCAACATTGCCAGCCTTGTCAAAGACCAGGTGATTCTGAAAGTGGACTCCGGA
GACTCGGAAGTGGTCGATGGGCTTATGCTCCAGCACATCACTCTCCTCATGTGCTCAGCT
TATAGGAACCAGCTGCTCAACATTTTTGTGCGCCCATCCTTAGTAGCAGTAGCATTGCAG
ATGACACCAGGGTTCAGGAAAGAGGATGTCTACAGTTGCTTTCGCTTCCTACGTGATGTT
TTTGCAGATGAGTTCATCTTCCTTCCAGGAAACACACTAAAGGACTTTGAAGAAGGCTGT
TACCTGCTTTGTAAAAGTGAAGCCATACAAGTGACTACGAAAGACATCCTAGTTACAGAG
AAAGGAAATACTGTGTTAGAATTTTTAGTAGGACTCTTTAAACCTTTTGTGGAAAGCTAT
CAGATAATTTGCAAGTACCTTTTGAGTGAAGAAGAGGACCACTTCAGTGAGGAACAGTAC
TTGGCTGCAGTCAGAAAATTCACAAGTCAGCTTCTCGATCAAGGTACCTCTCAATGTTAT
GATGTATTATCTTCTGATGTGCAGAAAAACGCCTTAGCAGCCTGTGTGAGGCTCGGAGTA
GTGGAGAAGAAGAAGATAAATAATAACTGTATATTTAATGTGAATGAACCTGCCACAACC
AAATTAGAAGAAATGCTTGGTTGTAAGACACCAATAGGAAAACCAGCCACTGCAAAACTT
TAA

1. Thai TP, Heid H, Rackwitz HR, Hunziker A, Gorgas K, Just WW: Ether lipid biosynthesis: isolation and molecular characterization of human dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase. FEBS Lett. 1997 Dec 29;420(2-3):205-11. [PubMed ]
2. Ofman R, Hettema EH, Hogenhout EM, Caruso U, Muijsers AO, Wanders RJ: Acyl-CoA:dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase: cloning of the human cDNA and resolution of the molecular basis in rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 2. Hum Mol Genet. 1998 May;7(5):847-53. [PubMed ]
3. Ofman R, Lajmir S, Wanders RJ: Etherphospholipid biosynthesis and dihydroxyactetone-phosphate acyltransferase: resolution of the genomic organization of the human gnpat gene and its use in the identification of novel mutations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Mar 2;281(3):754-60. [PubMed ]

1. 1- AGP acyltransferase 3
2. 1-AGPAT 3
3. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase gamma
4. LPAAT-gamma
5. 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O- acyltransferase 3

MGLLAFLKTQFVLHLLVGFVFVVSGLVINFVQLCTLALWPVSKQLYRRLNCRLAYSLWSQ
LVMLLEWWSCTECTLFTDQATVERFGKEHAVIILNHNFEIDFLCGWTMCERFGVLGSSKV
LAKKELLYVPLIGWTWYFLEIVFCKRKWEEDRDTVVEGLRRLSDYPEYMWFLLYCEGTRF
TETKHRVSMEVAAAKGLPVLKYHLLPRTKGFTTAVKCLRGTVAAVYDVTLNFRGNKNPSL
LGILYGKKYEADMCVRRFPLEDIPLDEKEAAQWLHKLYQEKDALQEIYNQKGMFPGEQFK
PARRPWTLLNFLSWATILLSPLFSFVLGVFASGSPLLILTFLGFVGAASFGVRRLIGVTE
IEKGSSYGNQEFKKKE

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

• Acyltransferase (PF01553 )

• 1-25

ATGGGCCTGCTGGCCTTCCTGAAGACCCAGTTCGTGCTGCACCTGCTGGTCGGCTTTGTC
TTCGTGGTGAGTGGTCTGGTCATCAACTTCGTCCAGCTGTGCACGCTGGCGCTCTGGCCG
GTCAGCAAGCAGCTCTACCGCCGCCTCAACTGCCGCCTCGCATACTCACTCTGGAGCCAA
CTGGTCATGCTGCTGGAGTGGTGGTCCTGCACGGAGTGTACACTGTTCACGGACCAGGCC
ACGGTAGAGCGCTTTGGGAAGGAGCACGCAGTCATCATCCTCAACCACAACTTCGAGATC
GACTTCCTCTGTGGGTGGACCATGTGTGAGCGCTTCGGAGTGCTGGGGAGCTCCAAGGTC
CTCGCTAAGAAGGAGCTGCTCTACGTGCCCCTCATCGGCTGGACGTGGTACTTTCTGGAG
ATTGTGTTCTGCAAGCGGAAGTGGGAGGAGGACCGGGACACCGTGGTCGAAGGGCTGAGG
CGCCTGTCGGACTACCCCGAGTACATGTGGTTTCTCCTGTACTGCGAGGGGACGCGCTTC
ACGGAGACCAAGCACCGCGTTAGCATGGAGGTGGCGGCTGCTAAGGGGCTTCCTGTCCTC
AAGTACCACCTGCTGCCGCGGACCAAGGGCTTCACCACCGCAGTCAAGTGCCTCCGGGGG
ACAGTCGCAGCTGTCTATGATGTAACCCTGAACTTCAGAGGAAACAAGAACCCGTCCCTG
CTGGGGATCCTCTACGGGAAGAAGTACGAGGCGGACATGTGCGTGAGGAGATTTCCTCTG
GAAGACATCCCGCTGGATGAAAAGGAAGCAGCTCAGTGGCTTCATAAACTGTACCAGGAG
AAGGACGCGCTCCAGGAGATATATAATCAGAAGGGCATGTTTCCAGGGGAGCAGTTTAAG
CCTGCCCGGAGGCCGTGGACCCTCCTGAACTTCCTGTCCTGGGCCACCATTCTCCTGTCT
CCCCTCTTCAGTTTTGTCTTGGGCGTCTTTGCCAGCGGATCACCTCTCCTGATCCTGACT
TTCTTGGGGTTTGTGGGAGCAGCTTCCTTTGGAGTTCGCAGACTGATAGGAGTAACTGAG
ATAGAAAAAGGCTCCAGCTACGGAAACCAAGAGTTTAAGAAAAAGGAATAA

1. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]

1. 1- AGP acyltransferase 2
2. 1-AGPAT 2
3. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase beta
4. LPAAT-beta
5. 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O- acyltransferase 2

MELWPCLAAALLLLLLLVQLSRAAEFYAKVALYCALCFTVSAVASLVCLLRHGGRTVENM
SIIGWFVRSFKYFYGLRFEVRDPRRLQEARPCVIVSNHQSILDMMGLMEVLPERCVQIAK
RELLFLGPVGLIMYLGGVFFINRQRSSTAMTVMADLGERMVRENLKVWIYPEGTRNDNGD
LLPFKKGAFYLAVQAQVPIVPVVYSSFSSFYNTKKKFFTSGTVTVQVLEAIPTSGLTAAD
VPALVDTCHRAMRTTFLHISKTPQENGATAGSGVQPAQ

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

• Acyltransferase (PF01553 )

• 1-23

ATGGAGCTGTGGCCGTGTCTGGCCGCGGCGCTGCTGTTGCTGCTGCTGCTGGTGCAGCTG
AGCCGCGCGGCCGAGTTCTACGCCAAGGTCGCCCTGTACTGCGCGCTGTGCTTCACGGTG
TCCGCCGTGGCCTCGCTCGTCTGCCTGCTGCGCCACGGCGGCCGGACGGTGGAGAACATG
AGCATCATCGGCTGGTTCGTGCGAAGCTTCAAGTACTTTTACGGGCTCCGCTTCGAGGTG
CGGGACCCGCGCAGGCTGCAGGAGGCCCGTCCCTGTGTCATCGTCTCCAACCACCAGAGC
ATCCTGGACATGATGGGCCTCATGGAGGTCCTTCCGGAGCGCTGCGTGCAGATCGCCAAG
CGGGAGCTGCTCTTCCTGGGGCCCGTGGGCCTCATCATGTACCTCGGGGGCGTCTTCTTC
ATCAACCGGCAGCGCTCTAGCACTGCCATGACAGTGATGGCCGACCTGGGCGAGCGCATG
GTCAGGGAGAACCTCAAAGTGTGGATCTATCCCGAGGGTACTCGCAACGACAATGGGGAC
CTGCTGCCTTTTAAGAAGGGCGCCTTCTACCTGGCAGTCCAGGCACAGGTGCCCATCGTC
CCCGTGGTGTACTCTTCCTTCTCCTCCTTCTACAACACCAAGAAGAAGTTCTTCACTTCA
GGAACAGTCACAGTGCAGGTGCTGGAAGCCATCCCCACCAGCGGCCTCACTGCGGCGGAC
GTCCCTGCGCTCGTGGACACCTGCCACCGGGCCATGAGGACCACCTTCCTCCACATCTCC
AAGACCCCCCAGGAGAACGGGGCCACTGCGGGGTCTGGCGTGCAGCCGGCCCAGTAG

1. Eberhardt C, Gray PW, Tjoelker LW: Human lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase. cDNA cloning, expression, and localization to chromosome 9q34.3. J Biol Chem. 1997 Aug 8;272(32):20299-305. [PubMed ]
2. Stamps AC, Elmore MA, Hill ME, Kelly K, Makda AA, Finnen MJ: A human cDNA sequence with homology to non-mammalian lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases. Biochem J. 1997 Sep 1;326 ( Pt 2):455-61. [PubMed ]
3. West J, Tompkins CK, Balantac N, Nudelman E, Meengs B, White T, Bursten S, Coleman J, Kumar A, Singer JW, Leung DW: Cloning and expression of two human lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase cDNAs that enhance cytokine-induced signaling responses in cells. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Jun;16(6):691-701. [PubMed ]
4. Agarwal AK, Arioglu E, De Almeida S, Akkoc N, Taylor SI, Bowcock AM, Barnes RI, Garg A: AGPAT2 is mutated in congenital generalized lipodystrophy linked to chromosome 9q34. Nat Genet. 2002 May;31(1):21-3. Epub 2002 Apr 22. [PubMed ]

1. 1- AGP acyltransferase 1
2. 1-AGPAT 1
3. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase alpha
4. LPAAT-alpha
5. 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O- acyltransferase 1
6. Protein G15

MDLWPGAWMLLLLLFLLLLFLLPTLWFCSPSAKYFFKMAFYNGWILFLAVLAIPVCAVRG
RNVENMKILRLMLLHIKYLYGIRVEVRGAHHFPPSQPYVVVSNHQSSLDLLGMMEVLPGR
CVPIAKRELLWAGSAGLACWLAGVIFIDRKRTGDAISVMSEVAQTLLTQDVRVWVFPEGT
RNHNGSMLPFKRGAFHLAVQAQVPIVPIVMSSYQDFYCKKERRFTSGQCQVRVLPPVPTE
GLTPDDVPALADRVRHSMLTVFREISTDGRGGGDYLKKPGGGG

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

• Acyltransferase (PF01553 )

• 1-26

ATGGATTTGTGGCCAGGGGCATGGATGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTCTTCCTGCTGCTGCTCTTC
CTGCTGCCCACCCTGTGGTTCTGCAGCCCCAGTGCCAAGTACTTCTTCAAGATGGCCTTC
TACAATGGCTGGATCCTCTTCCTGGCTGTGCTCGCCATCCCTGTGTGTGCCGTGCGAGGA
CGCAACGTCGAGAACATGAAGATCTTGCGTCTAATGCTGCTCCACATCAAATACCTGTAC
GGGATCCGAGTGGAGGTGCGAGGGGCTCACCACTTCCCTCCCTCGCAGCCCTATGTTGTT
GTCTCCAACCACCAGAGCTCTCTCGATCTGCTTGGGATGATGGAGGTACTGCCAGGCCGC
TGTGTGCCCATTGCCAAGCGCGAGCTACTGTGGGCTGGCTCTGCCGGGCTGGCCTGCTGG
CTGGCAGGAGTCATCTTCATCGACCGGAAGCGCACGGGGGATGCCATCAGTGTCATGTCT
GAGGTCGCCCAGACCCTGCTCACCCAGGACGTGAGGGTCTGGGTGTTTCCTGAGGGAACG
AGAAACCACAATGGCTCCATGCTGCCCTTCAAACGTGGCGCCTTCCATCTTGCAGTGCAG
GCCCAGGTTCCCATTGTCCCCATAGTCATGTCCTCCTACCAAGACTTCTACTGCAAGAAG
GAGCGTCGCTTCACCTCGGGACAATGTCAGGTGCGGGTGCTGCCCCCAGTGCCCACGGAA
GGGCTGACACCAGATGACGTCCCAGCTCTGGCTGACAGAGTCCGGCACTCCATGCTCACT
GTTTTCCGGGAAATCTCCACTGATGGCCGGGGTGGTGGTGACTATCTGAAGAAGCCTGGG
GGCGGTGGGTGA

1. West J, Tompkins CK, Balantac N, Nudelman E, Meengs B, White T, Bursten S, Coleman J, Kumar A, Singer JW, Leung DW: Cloning and expression of two human lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase cDNAs that enhance cytokine-induced signaling responses in cells. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Jun;16(6):691-701. [PubMed ]
2. Stamps AC, Elmore MA, Hill ME, Kelly K, Makda AA, Finnen MJ: A human cDNA sequence with homology to non-mammalian lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases. Biochem J. 1997 Sep 1;326 ( Pt 2):455-61. [PubMed ]
3. Aguado B, Campbell RD: Characterization of a human lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase that is encoded by a gene located in the class III region of the human major histocompatibility complex. J Biol Chem. 1998 Feb 13;273(7):4096-105. [PubMed ]
4. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed ]

1. SBCAD
2. 2-methyl branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
3. 2-MEBCAD
4. 2-methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
5. 2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase

MEGLAVRLLRGSRLLRRNFLTCLSSWKIPPHVSKSSQSEALLNITNNGIHFAPLQTFTDE
EMMIKSSVKKFAQEQIAPLVSTMDENSKMEKSVIQGLFQQGLMGIEVDPEYGGTGASFLS
TVLVIEELAKVDASVAVFCEIQNTLINTLIRKHGTEEQKATYLPQLTTEKVGSFCLSEAG
AGSDSFALKTRADKEGDYYVLNGSKMWISSAEHAGLFLVMANVDPTIGYKGITSFLVDRD
TPGLHIGKPENKLGLRASSTCPLTFENVKVPEANILGQIGHGYKYAIGSLNEGRIGIAAQ
MLGLAQGCFDYTIPYIKERIQFGKRLFDFQGLQHQVAHVATQLEAARLLTYNAARLLEAG
KPFIKEASMAKYYASEIAGQTTSKCIEWMGGVGYTKDYPVEKYFRDAKIGTIYEGASNIQ
LNTIAKHIDAEY

• Acyl-CoA_dh_1 (PF00441 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_M (PF02770 )
• Acyl-CoA_dh_N (PF02771 )

• 1-25

ATGGAGGGCCTGGCAGTGCGGTTGCTGCGCGGCAGCAGGCTGCTAAGAAGAAATTTCCTG
ACTTGTTTGTCTTCTTGGAAGATTCCTCCTCATGTCTCAAAATCTTCCCAGTCAGAAGCT
CTACTCAATATAACAAATAATGGAATACACTTTGCTCCCCTGCAAACATTTACAGATGAG
GAAATGATGATAAAGAGTTCAGTTAAAAAATTTGCTCAGGAACAAATTGCACCTTTGGTT
TCAACCATGGATGAAAATTCGAAAATGGAGAAATCAGTAATACAAGGATTATTTCAACAA
GGGTTGATGGGTATTGAAGTTGACCCAGAATATGGAGGCACAGGAGCTTCTTTTTTATCC
ACTGTGCTCGTGATAGAGGAATTAGCCAAAGTTGATGCATCTGTGGCTGTCTTTTGTGAG
ATCCAGAACACATTAATTAACACACTGATTAGAAAACATGGAACAGAAGAACAAAAGGCC
ACCTATTTGCCTCAGCTCACTACAGAAAAAGTAGGAAGTTTCTGCCTTTCAGAGGCTGGA
GCAGGTAGTGACTCATTTGCTTTGAAGACCAGAGCTGATAAAGAGGGAGATTATTATGTC
CTCAATGGATCAAAGATGTGGATCAGCAGTGCTGAGCATGCAGGGCTCTTTCTGGTGATG
GCAAATGTAGACCCTACCATTGGATATAAGGGAATTACCTCCTTCTTAGTAGATCGTGAT
ACTCCGGGCCTTCATATAGGGAAACCTGAAAACAAATTGGGGCTCAGAGCTTCTTCCACC
TGCCCGTTAACATTCGAAAATGTCAAGGTTCCAGAAGCCAATATCTTGGGACAAATTGGA
CATGGCTATAAGTATGCCATAGGGAGTCTCAATGAAGGTAGAATAGGAATTGCTGCACAG
ATGCTGGGACTGGCGCAAGGATGTTTTGACTACACTATTCCATATATTAAAGAAAGGATA
CAATTTGGCAAAAGACTATTTGATTTTCAGGGCCTCCAACACCAAGTGGCTCACGTGGCC
ACCCAGCTGGAAGCTGCAAGATTACTAACATACAATGCTGCTAGGCTTTTAGAAGCTGGA
AAGCCATTCATAAAAGAAGCGTCAATGGCCAAATACTATGCATCAGAGATTGCAGGACAA
ACAACGAGTAAATGTATCGAGTGGATGGGGGGAGTAGGCTACACCAAAGATTACCCTGTG
GAGAAATACTTCCGAGATGCAAAGATTGGTACGATATATGAAGGAGCTTCCAACATCCAG
TTGAACACCATTGCAAAGCATATCGATGCAGAATACTGA

1. Rozen R, Vockley J, Zhou L, Milos R, Willard J, Fu K, Vicanek C, Low-Nang L, Torban E, Fournier B: Isolation and expression of a cDNA encoding the precursor for a novel member (ACADSB) of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene family. Genomics. 1994 Nov 15;24(2):280-7. [PubMed ]
2. Andresen BS, Christensen E, Corydon TJ, Bross P, Pilgaard B, Wanders RJ, Ruiter JP, Simonsen H, Winter V, Knudsen I, Schroeder LD, Gregersen N, Skovby F: Isolated 2-methylbutyrylglycinuria caused by short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: identification of a new enzyme defect, resolution of its molecular basis, and evidence for distinct acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in isoleucine and valine metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Nov;67(5):1095-103. Epub 2000 Sep 29. [PubMed ]
3. Gibson KM, Burlingame TG, Hogema B, Jakobs C, Schutgens RB, Millington D, Roe CR, Roe DS, Sweetman L, Steiner RD, Linck L, Pohowalla P, Sacks M, Kiss D, Rinaldo P, Vockley J: 2-Methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency: a new inborn error of L-isoleucine metabolism. Pediatr Res. 2000 Jun;47(6):830-3. [PubMed ]

1. VLCS
2. Very-long- chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase
3. VLACS
4. THCA-CoA ligase
5. Fatty-acid- coenzyme A ligase, very long-chain 1
6. Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase
7. Fatty acid transport protein 2
8. FATP-2
9. Solute carrier family 27 member 2

MLSAIYTVLAGLLFLPLLVNLCCPYFFQDIGYFLKVAAVGRRVRSYGQRRPARTILRAFL
EKARQTPHKPFLLFRDETLTYAQVDRRSNQVARALHDHLGLRQGDCVALLMGNEPAYVWL
WLGLVKLGCAMACLNYNIRAKSLLHCFQCCGAKVLLVSPELQAAVEEILPSLKKDDVSIY
YVSRTSNTDGIDSFLDKVDEVSTEPIPESWRSEVTFSTPALYIYTSGTTGLPKAAMITHQ
RIWYGTGLTFVSGLKADDVIYITLPFYHSAALLIGIHGCIVAGATLALRTKFSASQFWDD
CRKYNVTVIQYIGELLRYLCNSPQKPNDRDHKVRLALGNGLRGDVWRQFVKRFGDICIYE
FYAATEGNIGFMNYARKVGAVGRVNYLQKKIITYDLIKYDVEKDEPVRDENGYCVRVPKG
EVGLLVCKITQLTPFNGYAGAKAQTEKKKLRDVFKKGDLYFNSGDLLMVDHENFIYFHDR
VGDTFRWKGENVATTEVADTVGLVDFVQEVNVYGVHVPDHEGRIGMASIKMKENHEFDGK
KLFQHIADYLPSYARPRFLRIQDTIEITGTFKHRKMTLVEEGFNPAVIKDALYFLDDTAK
MYVPMTEDIYNAISAKTLKL

• Fatty Acid Metabolism (map00071 )

• ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

• AMP-binding (PF00501 )

• 1-24

ATGCTTTCCGCCATCTACACAGTCCTGGCGGGACTGCTGTTCCTGCCGCTCCTGGTGAAC
CTCTGCTGCCCATACTTCTTCCAGGACATAGGCTACTTCTTGAAGGTGGCCGCCGTGGGC
CGGAGGGTGCGCAGCTACGGGCAGCGGCGGCCGGCGCGCACCATCCTGCGGGCGTTCCTG
GAGAAAGCGCGCCAGACGCCACACAAGCCTTTTCTGCTCTTCCGCGACGAGACTCTCACC
TACGCGCAGGTGGACCGGCGCAGCAATCAAGTGGCCCGGGCGCTGCACGACCACCTCGGC
CTGCGCCAGGGAGACTGCGTGGCGCTCCTTATGGGTAACGAGCCGGCCTACGTGTGGCTG
TGGCTGGGGCTGGTGAAGCTGGGCTGTGCCATGGCGTGCCTCAATTACAACATCCGCGCG
AAGTCCCTGCTGCACTGCTTCCAGTGCTGCGGGGCGAAGGTGCTGCTGGTGTCGCCAGAA
CTACAAGCAGCTGTCGAAGAGATACTGCCAAGCCTTAAAAAAGATGATGTGTCCATCTAT
TATGTGAGCAGAACTTCTAACACAGATGGGATTGACTCTTTCCTGGACAAAGTGGATGAA
GTATCAACTGAACCTATCCCAGAGTCATGGAGGTCTGAAGTCACTTTTTCCACTCCTGCC
TTATACATTTATACTTCTGGAACCACAGGTCTTCCAAAAGCAGCCATGATCACTCATCAG
CGCATATGGTATGGAACTGGCCTCACTTTTGTAAGCGGATTGAAGGCAGATGATGTCATC
TATATCACTCTGCCCTTTTACCACAGTGCTGCACTACTGATTGGCATTCACGGATGTATT
GTGGCTGGTGCTACTCTTGCCTTGCGGACTAAATTTTCAGCCAGCCAGTTTTGGGATGAC
TGCAGAAAATACAACGTCACTGTCATTCAGTATATCGGTGAACTGCTTCGGTATTTATGC
AACTCACCACAGAAACCAAATGACCGTGATCATAAAGTGAGACTGGCACTGGGAAATGGC
TTACGAGGAGATGTGTGGAGACAATTTGTCAAGAGATTTGGGGACATATGCATCTATGAG
TTCTATGCTGCCACTGAAGGCAATATTGGATTTATGAATTATGCGAGAAAAGTTGGTGCT
GTTGGAAGAGTAAACTACCTACAGAAAAAAATCATAACTTATGACCTGATTAAATATGAT
GTGGAGAAAGATGAACCTGTCCGAGATGAAAATGGATATTGCGTCAGAGTTCCCAAAGGT
GAAGTTGGACTTCTGGTTTGCAAAATCACACAACTTACACCATTTAATGGCTATGCTGGA
GCAAAGGCTCAGACAGAGAAGAAAAAACTGAGAGATGTCTTTAAGAAAGGAGACCTCTAT
TTCAACAGTGGAGATCTCTTAATGGTTGACCATGAAAATTTCATCTATTTCCACGACAGA
GTTGGAGATACATTCCGGTGGAAAGGGGAAAATGTGGCCACCACTGAAGTTGCTGATACA
GTTGGACTGGTTGATTTTGTCCAAGAAGTAAATGTTTATGGAGTGCATGTGCCAGATCAT
GAGGGTCGCATTGGCATGGCCTCCATCAAAATGAAAGAAAACCATGAATTTGATGGAAAG
AAACTCTTTCAGCACATTGCTGATTACCTACCTAGTTATGCAAGGCCCCGGTTTCTAAGA
ATACAGGACACCATTGAGATCACTGGAACTTTTAAACACCGCAAAATGACCCTGGTGGAG
GAGGGCTTTAACCCTGCTGTCATCAAAGATGCCTTGTATTTCTTGGATGACACAGCAAAA
ATGTATGTGCCTATGACTGAGGACATCTATAATGCCATAAGTGCTAAAACCCTGAAACTC
TGA

1. Steinberg SJ, Wang SJ, Kim DG, Mihalik SJ, Watkins PA: Human very-long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase: cloning, topography, and relevance to branched-chain fatty acid metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Apr 13;257(2):615-21. [PubMed ]

1. PPAR-gamma

MGETLGDSPIDPESDSFTDTLSANISQEMTMVDTEMPFWPTNFGISSVDLSVMEDHSHSF
DIKPFTTVDFSSISTPHYEDIPFTRTDPVVADYKYDLKLQEYQSAIKVEPASPPYYSEKT
QLYNKPHEEPSNSLMAIECRVCGDKASGFHYGVHACEGCKGFFRRTIRLKLIYDRCDLNC
RIHKKSRNKCQYCRFQKCLAVGMSHNAIRFGRMPQAEKEKLLAEISSDIDQLNPESADLR
ALAKHLYDSYIKSFPLTKAKARAILTGKTTDKSPFVIYDMNSLMMGEDKIKFKHITPLQE
QSKEVAIRIFQGCQFRSVEAVQEITEYAKSIPGFVNLDLNDQVTLLKYGVHEIIYTMLAS
LMNKDGVLISEGQGFMTREFLKSLRKPFGDFMEPKFEFAVKFNALELDDSDLAIFIAVII
LSGDRPGLLNVKPIEDIQDNLLQALELQLKLNHPESSQLFAKLLQKMTDLRQIVTEHVQL
LQVIKKTETDMSLHPLLQEIYKDLY