Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC |
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Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:51:52 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0015105 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Dactinomycin |
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Description | Dactinomycin, also known as cosmegen or actd, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclic depsipeptides. These are natural or synthetic compounds having sequences of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues (usually α-amino and α-hydroxy acids) connected in a ring. The residues are commonly but not necessarily regularly alternating. Dactinomycin is a drug which is used for the treatment of wilms' tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, ewing's sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen. Dactinomycin is in the cytotoxic antibiotic family of medications. Dactinomycin is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Because actinomycin can bind DNA duplexes, it can also interfere with DNA replication, although other chemicals such as hydroxyurea are better suited for use in the laboratory as inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Actinomycin D does this by binding DNA at the transcription initiation complex and preventing elongation of RNA chain by RNA polymerase. It was first isolated by Selman Waksman and his co-worker H. Boyd Woodruff in 1940. Use in pregnancy may harm the baby. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US$24.73 per 500 mcg vial. |
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Structure | [H][C@@]12CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C1=C3N=C4C(OC3=C(C)C=C1)=C(C)C(=O)C(N)=C4C(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@]3([H])CCCN3C(=O)[C@H](NC1=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C2=O)C(C)C InChI=1S/C62H86N12O16/c1-27(2)42-59(84)73-23-17-19-36(73)57(82)69(13)25-38(75)71(15)48(29(5)6)61(86)88-33(11)44(55(80)65-42)67-53(78)35-22-21-31(9)51-46(35)64-47-40(41(63)50(77)32(10)52(47)90-51)54(79)68-45-34(12)89-62(87)49(30(7)8)72(16)39(76)26-70(14)58(83)37-20-18-24-74(37)60(85)43(28(3)4)66-56(45)81/h21-22,27-30,33-34,36-37,42-45,48-49H,17-20,23-26,63H2,1-16H3,(H,65,80)(H,66,81)(H,67,78)(H,68,79)/t33-,34-,36+,37+,42-,43-,44+,45+,48+,49+/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Amino-N,n'-bis(hexadecahydro-2,5,9-trimethyl-6,13-bis(1-methylethyl)-1,4,7,11,14-pentaoxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,1-i)(1,4,7,10,13)oxatetra-azacyclohexadecin-10-yl)-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide | ChEBI | ActD | ChEBI | Actinomycin C1 | ChEBI | Actinomycin IV | ChEBI | Actinomycin D | HMDB | Ac-de | HMDB | Cosmegen | HMDB | Lyovac, cosmegen | HMDB | MSD Brand OF dactinomycin | HMDB | Lemery brand OF dactinomycin | HMDB | Lyovac-cosmegen | HMDB | Merck brand OF dactinomycin | HMDB | Merck sharp and dohme brand OF dactinomycin | HMDB | Cosmegen lyovac | HMDB | Meractinomycin | HMDB | Actinomycin | HMDB | Merck frosst brand OF dactinomycin | HMDB | Lyovac cosmegen | HMDB | LyovacCosmegen | HMDB | Dactinomycin | ChEBI |
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Chemical Formula | C62H86N12O16 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 1255.417 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 1254.628474764 |
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IUPAC Name | N1,N9-bis[(6S,9R,10S,13R,18aS)-2,5,9-trimethyl-1,4,7,11,14-pentaoxo-6,13-bis(propan-2-yl)-hexadecahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-i]1-oxa-4,7,10,13-tetraazacyclohexadecan-10-yl]-2-amino-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide |
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Traditional Name | actinomycin D |
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CAS Registry Number | 50-76-0 |
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SMILES | [H][C@@]12CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C1=C3N=C4C(OC3=C(C)C=C1)=C(C)C(=O)C(N)=C4C(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@]3([H])CCCN3C(=O)[C@H](NC1=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C2=O)C(C)C |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C62H86N12O16/c1-27(2)42-59(84)73-23-17-19-36(73)57(82)69(13)25-38(75)71(15)48(29(5)6)61(86)88-33(11)44(55(80)65-42)67-53(78)35-22-21-31(9)51-46(35)64-47-40(41(63)50(77)32(10)52(47)90-51)54(79)68-45-34(12)89-62(87)49(30(7)8)72(16)39(76)26-70(14)58(83)37-20-18-24-74(37)60(85)43(28(3)4)66-56(45)81/h21-22,27-30,33-34,36-37,42-45,48-49H,17-20,23-26,63H2,1-16H3,(H,65,80)(H,66,81)(H,67,78)(H,68,79)/t33-,34-,36+,37+,42-,43-,44+,45+,48+,49+/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclic depsipeptides. These are natural or synthetic compounds having sequences of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues (usually α-amino and α-hydroxy acids) connected in a ring. The residues are commonly but not necessarily regularly alternating. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Peptidomimetics |
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Sub Class | Depsipeptides |
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Direct Parent | Cyclic depsipeptides |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Cyclic depsipeptide
- Macrolide lactam
- Phenoxazine
- Alpha-amino acid ester
- Macrolactam
- N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives
- Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Benzenoid
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Vinylogous amide
- Pyrrolidine
- Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
- Amino acid or derivatives
- Carboxamide group
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Lactam
- Lactone
- Cyclic ketone
- Secondary carboxylic acid amide
- Oxacycle
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Azacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Amine
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Primary amine
- Carbonyl group
- Organic oxygen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Not Available | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 241.5 - 243 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 0.02 g/L | Not Available | LogP | 1.6 | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | | Show more...
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredictor | Adduct Type | CCS Value (Å2) | Reference |
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DeepCCS | [M-2H]- | 398.525 | 30932474 | DeepCCS | [M+Na]+ | 372.087 | 30932474 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesNot Available |
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Spectra |
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| MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 35V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-ba1a80d1dd6e6d78ec80 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-b6657895c2c2027cb6c5 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090010130-884cc5441754e085b14b | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-ed6bad4011bdcf980dde | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-addf6d54cdb7ff22a1bc | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0093110063-c629d685cc374ab07efd | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-c6736d48e7b64c20e203 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 35V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0090000031-7af90544ad0c4a79e0c5 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0abi-0090100500-826678da9161b81bf64a | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0601-0040100900-2fb41c6f4520301f96e9 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0191201100-81336cea4ce1fbd12e3d | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0190000200-b4e0df12772f1fab0f06 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0012-0250100900-d303295b1a0e65afe4f7 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001r-0090400800-1fff0856bff453aa4a0e | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0090000300-0908ca48fc52e0914755 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-0091100800-30a0413cd3100a15718c | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090100200-1ce20b5dfbb8e4e826d1 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090020300-f060767098975508202b | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udr-1090330500-ea63421dc1ef3545c1d3 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dactinomycin 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0fdn-2330800900-6c34927105fbf47374ab | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Taking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00970 | | details | Urine | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Taking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00970 | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | None |
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Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | DB00970 |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | 10482167 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C06770 |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Dactinomycin |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 457193 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 27666 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Sobell HM: Actinomycin and DNA transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5328-31. [PubMed:2410919 ]
- Khatua S, Nair CN, Ghosh K: Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia following dactinomycin therapy in a child with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: the unresolved issues. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2004 Nov;26(11):777-9. [PubMed:15543019 ]
- Turan T, Karacay O, Tulunay G, Boran N, Koc S, Bozok S, Kose MF: Results with EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, vincristine) chemotherapy in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006 May-Jun;16(3):1432-8. [PubMed:16803542 ]
- Abd El-Aal HH, Habib EE, Mishrif MM: Wilms' tumor: the experience of the pediatric unit of Kasr El-Aini center of radiation oncology and nuclear medicine (NEMROCK). J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 2005 Dec;17(4):308-14. [PubMed:17102824 ]
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