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Showing metabocard for Phenylacetic acid (HMDB0000209)

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enzymes (5) Show 5 proteins
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:48:59 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000209
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0001326
  • HMDB00209
  • HMDB01326
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePhenylacetic acid
DescriptionPhenyl acetate (or phenylacetate) is a carboxylic acid ester that has been found in the biofluids of patients with nephritis and/or hepatitis as well as patients with phenylketonuria (PKU), an inborn error of metabolism. Phenyl acetate has been identified as a uremic toxin according to the European Uremic Toxin Working Group (PMID: 22626821 ). Excess phenylalanine in the body can be disposed of through a transamination process leading to the production of phenylpyruvate. The phenylpyruvate can be further metabolized into a number of products. Decarboxylation of phenylpyruvate gives phenylacetate, while a reduction reaction gives phenyllactate. The phenylacetate can be further conjugated with glutamine to give phenylacetyl glutamine. All of these metabolites can be detected in serum and urine of PKU patients. Phenyl acetate is also produced endogenously as the metabolite of 2-Phenylethylamine, which is mainly metabolized by monoamine oxidase to form phenyl acetate. 2-phenylethylamine is an "endogenous amphetamine" which may modulate central adrenergic functions, and the urinary phenyl acetate levels have been postulated as a marker for depression. (PMID: 17978765 , 476920 , 6857245 ). Phenylacetate is also found in essential oils, e.g. neroli, rose oil, free and as esters' and in many fruits. As a result it is used as a perfumery and flavoring ingredient. Phenyl acetate is a microbial metabolite.
Structure
Data?1601252225
MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)


  Mrv1652309272007372D          

 10 10  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    0.0000    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7145    0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000   -0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7145   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434    0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434   -0.4125    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8579    0.8250    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  2  1  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  2  0  0  0  0
  3 10  1  0  0  0  0
  4  3  1  0  0  0  0
  5  4  2  0  0  0  0
  6  5  1  0  0  0  0
  6  2  2  0  0  0  0
  8  7  2  0  0  0  0
  9  7  1  0  0  0  0
 10  7  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
Download

3D MOL for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)

HMDB0000209
     RDKit          3D
Phenylacetic acid
 18 18  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    1.8439   -1.1936   -1.4173 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.3038   -0.5513   -0.4459 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.6773   -0.5743   -0.2528 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4770    0.2113    0.4825 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0332    0.1586    0.1721 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8004   -0.8066    0.6971 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1302   -0.7575    0.3368 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6302    0.2030   -0.5089 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.8066    1.1649   -1.0338 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4748    1.1207   -0.6767 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0763   -0.9324    0.6200 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7532    1.2851    0.5366 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.5833   -0.2288    1.5149 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3839   -1.5476    1.3570 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7687   -1.5295    0.7636 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.6919    0.1664   -0.7394 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2220    1.9100   -1.6965 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1609    1.9017   -1.1110 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  2  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  2  0
  6  7  1  0
  7  8  2  0
  8  9  1  0
  9 10  2  0
 10  5  1  0
  3 11  1  0
  4 12  1  0
  4 13  1  0
  6 14  1  0
  7 15  1  0
  8 16  1  0
  9 17  1  0
 10 18  1  0
M  END
Download

3D SDF for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)


  Mrv1652309272007372D          

 10 10  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    0.0000    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7145    0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000   -0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7145   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434    0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434   -0.4125    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8579    0.8250    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  2  1  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  2  0  0  0  0
  3 10  1  0  0  0  0
  4  3  1  0  0  0  0
  5  4  2  0  0  0  0
  6  5  1  0  0  0  0
  6  2  2  0  0  0  0
  8  7  2  0  0  0  0
  9  7  1  0  0  0  0
 10  7  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0000209

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C8H8O2/c9-8(10)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2,(H,9,10)

> <INCHI_KEY>
WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C8H8O2

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
136.1479

> <EXACT_MASS>
136.0524295

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
18

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
13.849901131444868

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
2-phenylacetic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
1.72

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
1.610994105333333

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-1.58

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
1

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
-1

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
4.546943579612796

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
37.3

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
37.3656

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
3.61e+00 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
ω-phenylacetic acid

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
1

$$$$
Download

3D-SDF for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)

HMDB0000209
     RDKit          3D
Phenylacetic acid
 18 18  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    1.8439   -1.1936   -1.4173 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.3038   -0.5513   -0.4459 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.6773   -0.5743   -0.2528 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4770    0.2113    0.4825 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0332    0.1586    0.1721 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8004   -0.8066    0.6971 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1302   -0.7575    0.3368 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6302    0.2030   -0.5089 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.8066    1.1649   -1.0338 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4748    1.1207   -0.6767 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0763   -0.9324    0.6200 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7532    1.2851    0.5366 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.5833   -0.2288    1.5149 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3839   -1.5476    1.3570 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7687   -1.5295    0.7636 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.6919    0.1664   -0.7394 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2220    1.9100   -1.6965 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1609    1.9017   -1.1110 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  2  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  2  0
  6  7  1  0
  7  8  2  0
  8  9  1  0
  9 10  2  0
 10  5  1  0
  3 11  1  0
  4 12  1  0
  4 13  1  0
  6 14  1  0
  7 15  1  0
  8 16  1  0
  9 17  1  0
 10 18  1  0
M  END
Download

PDB for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 27-SEP-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   27-SEP-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0       0.000   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0      -1.334   0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0       1.334   0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0       1.334  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       0.000  -1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0      -1.334  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0       4.001   0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  O   UNK     0       4.001  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    9  O   UNK     0       5.335   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0       2.667   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
CONECT    1    2    3                                                       
CONECT    2    1    6                                                       
CONECT    3    1   10    4                                                  
CONECT    4    3    5                                                       
CONECT    5    4    6                                                       
CONECT    6    5    2                                                       
CONECT    7    8    9   10                                                  
CONECT    8    7                                                            
CONECT    9    7                                                            
CONECT   10    3    7                                                       
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   10    0   20    0
END
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3D PDB for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)

COMPND    HMDB0000209
HETATM    1  O1  UNL     1       1.844  -1.194  -1.417  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    2  C1  UNL     1       2.304  -0.551  -0.446  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  O2  UNL     1       3.677  -0.574  -0.253  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    4  C2  UNL     1       1.477   0.211   0.482  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  C3  UNL     1       0.033   0.159   0.172  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  C4  UNL     1      -0.800  -0.807   0.697  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  C5  UNL     1      -2.130  -0.758   0.337  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    8  C6  UNL     1      -2.630   0.203  -0.509  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    9  C7  UNL     1      -1.807   1.165  -1.034  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  C8  UNL     1      -0.475   1.121  -0.677  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   11  H1  UNL     1       4.076  -0.932   0.620  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   12  H2  UNL     1       1.753   1.285   0.537  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H3  UNL     1       1.583  -0.229   1.515  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H4  UNL     1      -0.384  -1.548   1.357  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H5  UNL     1      -2.769  -1.529   0.764  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H6  UNL     1      -3.692   0.166  -0.739  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   17  H7  UNL     1      -2.222   1.910  -1.697  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   18  H8  UNL     1       0.161   1.902  -1.111  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2    2
CONECT    2    3    4
CONECT    3   11
CONECT    4    5   12   13
CONECT    5    6    6   10
CONECT    6    7   14
CONECT    7    8    8   15
CONECT    8    9   16
CONECT    9   10   10   17
CONECT   10   18
END
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SMILES for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)

OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1
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INCHI for HMDB0000209 (Phenylacetic acid)

InChI=1S/C8H8O2/c9-8(10)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2,(H,9,10)
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View in JSmolView NMR AssignmentsView Stereo Labels
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-PHENYLACETIC ACIDChEBI
2-Phenylethanoic acidChEBI
alpha-Toluic acidChEBI
Benzeneacetic acidChEBI
Benzylformic acidChEBI
Omega-phenylacetic acidChEBI
PAChEBI
PhenylacetateKegg
2-PHENYLACETateGenerator
a-ToluateGenerator
a-Toluic acidGenerator
alpha-ToluateGenerator
Α-toluateGenerator
Α-toluic acidGenerator
BenzeneacetateGenerator
BenzylformateGenerator
Omega-phenylacetateGenerator
PhenylethanoateHMDB
W-PhenylacetateHMDB
W-Phenylacetic acidHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, potassium saltHMDB
Sodium phenylacetateHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, lithium saltHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, sodium saltHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, ammonium saltHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, calcium saltHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, cesium saltHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, mercury saltHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, rubidium saltHMDB
Phenylacetic acid, sodium salt , carboxy-(11)C-labeled CPDHMDB
PAAPhytoBank
ω-Phenylacetic acidPhytoBank
Phenylacetic acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaC8H8O2
Average Molecular Weight136.1479
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight136.0524295
IUPAC Name2-phenylacetic acid
Traditional Nameω-phenylacetic acid
CAS Registry Number103-82-2
SMILES
OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C8H8O2/c9-8(10)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2,(H,9,10)
InChI KeyWLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzene and substituted derivatives. These are aromatic compounds containing one monocyclic ring system consisting of benzene.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentBenzene and substituted derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect

Adverse health effect

Disposition

Biological location

Source

Process

Naturally occurring process

Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point76.7 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility16.6 mg/mLNot Available
LogP1.41HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility3.61 g/LALOGPS
logP1.72ALOGPS
logP1.61ChemAxon
logS-1.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.55ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area37.3 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity37.37 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability13.85 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+128.78231661259
DarkChem[M-H]-124.17931661259
AllCCS[M+H]+128.01132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-125.79332859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+127.02630932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-123.85630932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-160.81130932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+136.09930932474

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Phenylacetic acidOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C12543.9Standard polar33892256
Phenylacetic acidOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C11240.5Standard non polar33892256
Phenylacetic acidOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C11288.9Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Phenylacetic acid,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C11315.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Phenylacetic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C11536.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid GC-MS (1 TMS)splash10-0006-9700000000-c07461cdad68959aa53f2014-06-16HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9100000000-de65c7c0092343a4e5992017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9700000000-c07461cdad68959aa53f2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9700000000-43e86e45beae2fa6704f2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-9200000000-dc43e5e062b0ed500c5f2016-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-9100000000-aaef76d181aebe492bbe2017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0006-9100000000-1e23fd8e6ce900cd8e4c2014-09-20Not AvailableView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9100000000-de65c7c0092343a4e5992012-08-31HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid LC-ESI-IT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-6ca33b098558bf13801c2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid , negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0900000000-f898aafe4cecc87d26f12017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9400000000-aa5bff1d7a8df7c97bdb2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-9000000000-6a017c8136a375269f3e2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 35V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-2900000000-d79f9224f2390d6b17a22021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-e712b088c9a3d3855ec72021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-01ri-9000000000-f0ed89dae2c22d4c538c2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-053i-2900000000-3e4bf20b985893f203e72021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-1900000000-5419b00a9c7c126093db2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 35V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-1900000000-9a2e089c5511fa2bf2102021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kr-2900000000-94a6f40f937bf9d7e4c72016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9500000000-8d3540e40bfc0e4c0e5f2016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-417ad1f13a593ac780b92016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000l-5900000000-0ed04a623daaf32fffda2016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000l-8900000000-709928d6b823240d35282016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00kf-9600000000-4a7739132344f3dec7102016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-5671d4c535a6553aaf0d2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-5671d4c535a6553aaf0d2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-5e37e9f4d7b24c7633022021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kf-9800000000-aacb25995ab02725e0f42021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9100000000-930a2cbe3e9fb19150752021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Phenylacetic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kf-9000000000-199de8006c0d100aaabb2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified47.24 +/- 5.866 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified58.864 +/- 3.78 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified50.34 +/- 4.973 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified53.443 +/- 6.56 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified48.507 +/- 3.763 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified49.663 +/- 3.885 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified51.556 +/- 6.132 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified80.36 +/- 24.113 uMAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot Available
Normal
      Not Available
 details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
BloodDetected and Quantified<10.28 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified0.148 +/- 0.0198 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified0.248 +/- 0.0294 uMNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified0.306 uMNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected and Quantified1182.538 +/- 1035.638 nmol/g wet fecesAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected and Quantified1344.126 +/- 1226.607 nmol/g wet fecesAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected and Quantified498.722 +/- 287.922 nmol/g wet fecesAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected and Quantified689.691 +/- 438.494 nmol/g wet fecesAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not AvailableNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected and Quantified878.0157 +/- 425.714 nmol/g wet fecesNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
FecesDetected and Quantified92.436 (8.814-697.0361) nmol/g wet fecesAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected and Quantified1115.698 +/- 659.577 nmol/g wet fecesNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not Specified
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not Specified
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected and Quantified47.04 +/- 31.31 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal
    • Zerihun T. Dame, ...
 details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.000000079 (0-0.00000095) umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified8.994 +/- 5.642 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 13 years old)Not Specified
Normal
    • Analysis of 30 no...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.25-0.46 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified4.16 +/- 0.91 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified<2.16 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 18 years old)Both
Normal
    • BC Children's Hos...
 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableConsuming polyphenols described by Phenol-Explorer entry 956 details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.20-0.41 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.3 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified1.9 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified3490.0 +/- 330.0 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not Specified
Kidney disease		 details
BloodDetected and Quantified3485.92 +/- 329.79 uMAdult (>18 years old)Bothuremia details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothLeukemia details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Campylobacter jejuni infection		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Irritable bowel syndrome		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Ulcerative colitis		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Crohn disease		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Ulcerative colitis		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal cancer details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)MaleAttachment loss  details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)MaleMissing teeth details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)MalePeriodontal Probing Depth details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)MaleProsthesis/Missing teeth details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)MaleSupragingival Calculus details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)MaleSupragingival Plaque details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)MaleTooth Decay details
UrineDetected and Quantified55.6 +/- 87.3 umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)BothPhenylketonuria details
UrineDetected and Quantified16.505 +/- 12.758 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1 - 13 years old)Not Specified
Eosinophilic esophagitis
    • Analysis of 30 no...
 details
UrineDetected and Quantified55.00 +/- 87.00 umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)BothPhenylketonuria details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Kidney disease
  1. Jankowski J, van der Giet M, Jankowski V, Schmidt S, Hemeier M, Mahn B, Giebing G, Tolle M, Luftmann H, Schluter H, Zidek W, Tepel M: Increased plasma phenylacetic acid in patients with end-stage renal failure inhibits iNOS expression. J Clin Invest. 2003 Jul;112(2):256-64. [PubMed:12865413 ]
Leukemia
  1. Silvennoinen R, Malminiemi K, Malminiemi O, Seppala E, Vilpo J: Pharmacokinetics of chlorambucil in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: comparison of different days, cycles and doses. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2000 Nov;87(5):223-8. [PubMed:11129502 ]
Uremia
  1. Duranton F, Cohen G, De Smet R, Rodriguez M, Jankowski J, Vanholder R, Argiles A: Normal and pathologic concentrations of uremic toxins. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012 Jul;23(7):1258-70. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2011121175. Epub 2012 May 24. [PubMed:22626821 ]
Irritable bowel syndrome
  1. Le Gall G, Noor SO, Ridgway K, Scovell L, Jamieson C, Johnson IT, Colquhoun IJ, Kemsley EK, Narbad A: Metabolomics of fecal extracts detects altered metabolic activity of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. J Proteome Res. 2011 Sep 2;10(9):4208-18. doi: 10.1021/pr2003598. Epub 2011 Aug 8. [PubMed:21761941 ]
Ulcerative colitis
  1. Le Gall G, Noor SO, Ridgway K, Scovell L, Jamieson C, Johnson IT, Colquhoun IJ, Kemsley EK, Narbad A: Metabolomics of fecal extracts detects altered metabolic activity of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. J Proteome Res. 2011 Sep 2;10(9):4208-18. doi: 10.1021/pr2003598. Epub 2011 Aug 8. [PubMed:21761941 ]
  2. Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9. [PubMed:28842642 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Weir TL, Manter DK, Sheflin AM, Barnett BA, Heuberger AL, Ryan EP: Stool microbiome and metabolome differences between colorectal cancer patients and healthy adults. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 6;8(8):e70803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070803. Print 2013. [PubMed:23940645 ]
  2. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  3. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  4. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
  5. Wang X, Wang J, Rao B, Deng L: Gut flora profiling and fecal metabolite composition of colorectal cancer patients and healthy individuals. Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jun;13(6):2848-2854. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4367. Epub 2017 Apr 20. [PubMed:28587349 ]
Crohn's disease
  1. Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9. [PubMed:28842642 ]
Attachment loss
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Missing teeth
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Periodontal Probing Depth
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Prosthesis/Missing teeth
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Supragingival Calculus
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Supragingival Plaque
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Tooth Decay
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
Phenylketonuria
  1. Monch E, Kneer J, Jakobs C, Arnold M, Diehl H, Batzler U: Examination of urine metabolites in the newborn period and during protein loading tests at 6 months of age--Part 1. Eur J Pediatr. 1990;149 Suppl 1:S17-24. [PubMed:2091926 ]
Eosinophilic esophagitis
  1. Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB09269
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB031100
KNApSAcK IDC00000750
Chemspider ID10181341
KEGG Compound IDC07086
BioCyc IDPHENYLACETATE
BiGG ID1486426
Wikipedia LinkPhenylacetic_acid
METLIN ID129
PubChem Compound999
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID30745
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDPAC
MarkerDB IDMDB00000100
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceZhou, Shu-jing; Li, Jin-lian; Luan, Fang. New synthetic method for benzeneacetic acid. Huaxue Yu Shengwu Gongcheng (2005), 22(2), 43-44.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Jankowski J, van der Giet M, Jankowski V, Schmidt S, Hemeier M, Mahn B, Giebing G, Tolle M, Luftmann H, Schluter H, Zidek W, Tepel M: Increased plasma phenylacetic acid in patients with end-stage renal failure inhibits iNOS expression. J Clin Invest. 2003 Jul;112(2):256-64. [PubMed:12865413 ]
  2. Pontoni G, Rotondo F, Spagnuolo G, Aurino MT, Carteni-Farina M, Zappia V, Lama G: Diagnosis and follow-up of cystinuria: use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Amino Acids. 2000;19(2):469-76. [PubMed:11128553 ]
  3. Rubin A, Knadler MP, Ho PP, Bechtol LD, Wolen RL: Stereoselective inversion of (R)-fenoprofen to (S)-fenoprofen in humans. J Pharm Sci. 1985 Jan;74(1):82-4. [PubMed:3920382 ]
  4. Davis BA, Kennedy SH, D'Souza J, Durden DA, Goldbloom DS, Boulton AA: Correlations of plasma and urinary phenylacetic acid and phenylethylamine concentrations with eating behavior and mood rating scores in brofaromine-treated women with bulimia nervosa. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 1994 Jul;19(4):282-8. [PubMed:7918350 ]
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Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation. This protein preferentially oxidizes aromatic aldehyde substrates. It may play a role in the oxidation of toxic aldehydes.
Gene Name:
ALDH3A1
Uniprot ID:
P30838
Molecular weight:
50394.57
Reactions
Phenylacetaldehyde + NAD + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Phenylacetaldehyde + NADP + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Enzyme Details
2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Seems to be the key enzyme in the formation of an RA gradient along the dorso-ventral axis during the early eye development and also in the development of the olfactory system (By similarity).
Gene Name:
ALDH1A3
Uniprot ID:
P47895
Molecular weight:
56107.995
Reactions
Phenylacetaldehyde + NAD + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Phenylacetaldehyde + NADP + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Enzyme Details
3. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
Gene Name:
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P22309
Molecular weight:
59590.91
Reactions
Phenylacetic acid → 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(2-phenylacetyl)oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic aciddetails
Enzyme Details
4. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ALDH3B2
Uniprot ID:
P48448
Molecular weight:
42623.62
Reactions
Phenylacetaldehyde + NAD + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Phenylacetaldehyde + NADP + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Enzyme Details
5. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Oxidizes medium and long chain saturated and unsaturated aldehydes. Metabolizes also benzaldehyde. Low activity towards acetaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde. May not metabolize short chain aldehydes. May use both NADP(+) and NAD(+) as cofactors. May have a protective role against the cytotoxicity induced by lipid peroxidation.
Gene Name:
ALDH3B1
Uniprot ID:
P43353
Molecular weight:
51839.245
Reactions
Phenylacetaldehyde + NAD + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Phenylacetaldehyde + NADP + Water → Phenylacetic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails