| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:14:55 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0000531 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid |
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| Description | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid, also known as 3-hydroxyvalerate or 3-hydroxy-pentanoic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid. |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C5H10O3/c1-2-4(6)3-5(7)8/h4,6H,2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8) |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| 3-Hydroxy valeric acid | ChEBI | | 3-Hydroxy-pentanoic acid | ChEBI | | 3-Hydroxy-valeric acid | ChEBI | | beta-Hydroxypentanoic acid | ChEBI | | beta-Hydroxyvaleric acid | ChEBI | | 3-Hydroxy valerate | Generator | | 3-Hydroxy-pentanoate | Generator | | 3-Hydroxy-valerate | Generator | | b-Hydroxypentanoate | Generator | | b-Hydroxypentanoic acid | Generator | | beta-Hydroxypentanoate | Generator | | Β-hydroxypentanoate | Generator | | Β-hydroxypentanoic acid | Generator | | b-Hydroxyvalerate | Generator | | b-Hydroxyvaleric acid | Generator | | beta-Hydroxyvalerate | Generator | | Β-hydroxyvalerate | Generator | | Β-hydroxyvaleric acid | Generator | | 3-Hydroxyvalerate | Generator | | 3-Hydroxy-N-valerate | HMDB | | 3-Hydroxy-N-valeric acid | HMDB | | 3-Hydroxypentanoate | HMDB | | 3-Hydroxypentanoic acid | HMDB | | b-Hydroxy-N-valerate | HMDB | | b-Hydroxy-N-valeric acid | HMDB | | beta-Hydroxy-N-valerate | HMDB | | beta-Hydroxy-N-valeric acid | HMDB | | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid | ChEBI |
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| Chemical Formula | C5H10O3 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 118.1311 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 118.062994186 |
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| IUPAC Name | 3-hydroxypentanoic acid |
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| Traditional Name | β-hydroxyvaleric acid |
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| CAS Registry Number | 10237-77-1 |
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| SMILES | CCC(O)CC(O)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C5H10O3/c1-2-4(6)3-5(7)8/h4,6H,2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8) |
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| InChI Key | REKYPYSUBKSCAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Fatty Acyls |
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| Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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| Direct Parent | Hydroxy fatty acids |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Beta-hydroxy acid
- Branched fatty acid
- Hydroxy fatty acid
- Short-chain hydroxy acid
- Methyl-branched fatty acid
- Hydroxy acid
- Secondary alcohol
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Carbonyl group
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 1.76 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 9.3522 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 1.89 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 189.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1004.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 322.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 77.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 189.3 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 63.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 284.0 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 303.3 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 120.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 619.8 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 189.9 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 908.3 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 203.2 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 226.1 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 519.5 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 287.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 236.6 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | CCC(CC(=O)O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1189.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | CCC(O)CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1112.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | CCC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1244.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCC(CC(=O)O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1424.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CCC(O)CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1335.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1668.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-056u-9000000000-fde9571755e6d3cddae3 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00dr-9510000000-9d8e25ae920466d4c511 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 35V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0gbc-9400000000-3dae3f739ba9de64475a | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 35V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-ec468e42a003a1f180bb | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0uxr-5900000000-a1bc76022730f161dafc | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0pc0-9400000000-bc4545952d0dabaa0a91 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-e1433bba6aff8e1d8496 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-8900000000-454a4b12b6ccf58bb2bf | 2016-08-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ab9-9200000000-3b62dff2b7068de77729 | 2016-08-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-566ee0bbfee795fa4ab8 | 2016-08-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-3900000000-435f90759fee859167e3 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9000000000-df01d36c99bd2c33adbb | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-052f-9000000000-d49658fb47ced2654501 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9100000000-b0042e4aafbb3d04f7f7 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-25c5b53ebb683b2d03de | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-5a37df2c9eb026290f1f | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | |
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| Biospecimen Locations | - Blood
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- Feces
- Urine
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 1.0 (0.0-2.0) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 1 (0-2) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 1 (0-2) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.87-1.4 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.94-1.2 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | <20 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 6-8 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Urine | Detected and Quantified | 1 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Propionic acidemia | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | | Propionic acidemia |
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- Riemersma M, Hazebroek MR, Helderman-van den Enden ATJM, Salomons GS, Ferdinandusse S, Brouwers MCGJ, van der Ploeg L, Heymans S, Glatz JFC, van den Wijngaard A, Krapels IPC, Bierau J, Brunner HG: Propionic acidemia as a cause of adult-onset dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur J Hum Genet. 2017 Nov;25(11):1195-1201. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2017.127. Epub 2017 Aug 30. [PubMed:28853722 ]
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| Associated OMIM IDs | |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB022099 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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| Chemspider ID | 96952 |
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| KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | 3-Hydroxypentanoic_acid |
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| METLIN ID | 5516 |
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| PubChem Compound | 107802 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 139272 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | MDB00029985 |
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| Good Scents ID | rw1447901 |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Manufacture of b-hydroxyvaleric acid. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (1982), 3 pp. |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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| General References | - Kuhara T, Matsumoto I: Studies on the urinary acidic metabolites from three patients with methylmalonic aciduria. Biomed Mass Spectrom. 1980 Oct;7(10):424-8. [PubMed:6111361 ]
- Sweetman L, Weyler W, Nyhan WL, de Cespedes C, Loria AR, Estrada Y: Abnormal metabolites of isoleucine in a patient with propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency. Biomed Mass Spectrom. 1978 Mar;5(3):198-207. [PubMed:630060 ]
- Kuhara T, Inoue Y, Shinka T, Matsumoto I, Matsuo M: Identification of 3-hydroxy-3-ethylglutaric acid in urine of patients with propionic acidaemia. Biomed Mass Spectrom. 1983 Dec;10(12):629-32. [PubMed:6200156 ]
- Boger J, Payne LS, Perlow DS, Lohr NS, Poe M, Blaine EH, Ulm EH, Schorn TW, LaMont BI, Lin TY, et al.: Renin inhibitors. Syntheses of subnanomolar, competitive, transition-state analogue inhibitors containing a novel analogue of statine. J Med Chem. 1985 Dec;28(12):1779-90. [PubMed:3906131 ]
- Yuan L: [Propionic acidemia: one case report]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 1991 Apr;13(2):141-3. [PubMed:1831712 ]
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