| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:15:14 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0000857 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Pimelic acid |
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| Description | Pimelic acid, also known as heptanedioic acid is a dicarboxylic acid. Derivatives of pimelic acid are involved in the biosynthesis of the amino acid called lysine. Pimelic acid is one methylene longer than a related dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, a precursor to many polyesters and polyamides. Pimelic acid is essential for the synthesis of biotin (also called vitamin B7). Biotin is a heterocyclic, S-containing monocarboxylic acid that is made from two precursors, alanine and pimeloyl-CoA. Biotin is important in fatty acid synthesis, branched-chain amino acid catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Biotin is found in a wide range of foods. Likewise, intestinal bacteria synthesize biotin, which is then absorbed by the host animal. Pimelic acid (which is the precursor for pimeloyl-CoA) is synthesized in many bacteria via a head-to-tail incorporation of acetate units through a modified fatty acid synthetic pathway using O-methyl esters disguised to resemble the canonical intermediates of the fatty acid synthetic pathway (PMID:21435937 ). Some bacteria and yeast synthesize pimelic acid not by biosynthesis, but via cleavage of longer chain fatty acids (such as linolenic acid) via a cytochrome P450-like enzyme (PMID:28196402 , 21435937 , 3236079 ). Pimelic acid is excreted in elevated amounts in the urine of individuals with mitochondrial beta-oxidation disorders and peroxisomal beta oxidation disorders (PMID:1527989 ) |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C7H12O4/c8-6(9)4-2-1-3-5-7(10)11/h1-5H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11) |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| 1,5-Pentanedicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | | 6-Carboxyhexanoic acid | ChEBI | | Heptanedioic acid | ChEBI | | Pimelate | ChEBI | | 6-Carboxyhexanoate | Kegg | | 1,5-Pentanedicarboxylate | Generator | | Heptanedioate | Generator | | Acid, pimelic | HMDB | | Acids, pimelic | HMDB | | Pimelic acids | HMDB | | 1,7-Heptanedioate | HMDB | | 1,7-Heptanedioic acid | HMDB | | Heptandioate | HMDB | | Heptandioic acid | HMDB | | Heptane-1,7-dioate | HMDB | | Heptane-1,7-dioic acid | HMDB | | Pilerate | HMDB | | Pileric acid | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C7H12O4 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 160.1678 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 160.073558872 |
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| IUPAC Name | heptanedioic acid |
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| Traditional Name | pimelic acid |
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| CAS Registry Number | 111-16-0 |
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| SMILES | OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C7H12O4/c8-6(9)4-2-1-3-5-7(10)11/h1-5H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11) |
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| InChI Key | WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Fatty Acyls |
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| Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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| Direct Parent | Medium-chain fatty acids |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Medium-chain fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 3.35 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 9.742 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 3.68 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 116.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1299.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 287.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 99.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 179.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 134.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 286.9 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 335.6 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 129.6 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 740.0 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 280.9 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 947.2 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 216.6 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 255.1 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 536.0 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 216.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 372.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized) | splash10-056s-1910000000-58bf29a41b2e4b405df9 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0r7l-9100000000-aeff5d9828ac92b33028 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-054k-1910000000-fc6cb63b081b4f5f7fd3 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-056s-1910000000-58bf29a41b2e4b405df9 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-054k-1900000000-403538c5b4091abf0a3d | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9400000000-3bc5f898da696375482f | 2017-08-28 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00y0-9720000000-f599c8c7e2d374dc1d0c | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0002-9300000000-a3d2b3924fcede41e331 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0002-9100000000-7050dc1518d598ad5051 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-052e-9200000000-84550d0cfeb05e8d79bd | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid EI-B (Unknown) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0r7l-9100000000-b698134a5d1e523a961e | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-a3b877a40a98e4d07993 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9500000000-6f90176eaadac29eae28 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9000000000-859f1028218d04c20dc6 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9000000000-ef436118494b323530f4 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9000000000-15fa4059d8c10e1e3a03 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-a3b877a40a98e4d07993 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9500000000-6f90176eaadac29eae28 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9000000000-0ece97699a3ecbbd29c5 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9000000000-aa9d7a3b0b034eb999ac | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9000000000-15fa4059d8c10e1e3a03 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9100000000-bbaaf04acf7504d9af12 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-2467588398a0cc1a7173 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ufr-9000000000-2c0303cc46347643edee | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9200000000-62e7353cf7ec99f7b257 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9700000000-51105e097da7cfc85c56 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03dl-1900000000-f72d396c48eae140d2ea | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-02tc-6900000000-148d1369a6cc8216a4d4 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0aou-9000000000-8148e8a28ecc0a5f1819 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-97c3b22812cb1495f92e | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-2900000000-ec8e65ccb8032a2fffa0 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9100000000-c8c106238d3a22f75dbc | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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| General References | - Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed:8087979 ]
- Passi S, Picardo M, Mingrone G, Breathnach AS, Nazzaro-Porro M: Azelaic acid--biochemistry and metabolism. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 1989;143:8-13. [PubMed:2505463 ]
- Pettit BR: The analysis of thiodiglycollic acid by selected ion monitoring. Clin Chim Acta. 1986 Apr 15;156(1):85-90. [PubMed:3698320 ]
- Niwa T, Ohki T, Maeda K, Saito A, Kobayashi K: Pattern of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids in uremic serum including a new organic acid, 2,4-dimethyladipic acid. Clin Chim Acta. 1979 Nov 15;99(1):71-83. [PubMed:498544 ]
- Mahadevappa VG, Holub BJ: The molecular species composition of individual diacyl phospholipids in human platelets. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 Oct 14;713(1):73-9. [PubMed:7138900 ]
- Cronan JE, Lin S: Synthesis of the alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid precursor of biotin by the canonical fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2011 Jun;15(3):407-13. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.03.001. Epub 2011 Mar 23. [PubMed:21435937 ]
- Manandhar M, Cronan JE: Pimelic acid, the first precursor of the Bacillus subtilis biotin synthesis pathway, exists as the free acid and is assembled by fatty acid synthesis. Mol Microbiol. 2017 May;104(4):595-607. doi: 10.1111/mmi.13648. Epub 2017 Mar 3. [PubMed:28196402 ]
- Ohsugi M, Miyauchi K, Tachibana K, Nakao S: Formation of a biotin precursor, pimelic acid, in yeasts from C18 fatty acids. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1988 Aug;34(4):343-52. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.34.343. [PubMed:3236079 ]
- Bennett MJ, Ragni MC, Hood I, Hale DE: Azelaic and pimelic acids: metabolic intermediates or artefacts? J Inherit Metab Dis. 1992;15(2):220-3. doi: 10.1007/BF01799635. [PubMed:1527989 ]
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