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Showing metabocard for Stigmasterol (HMDB0000937)

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IdentificationTaxonomyOntologyPhysical propertiesSpectraBiological propertiesConcentrationsLinksReferencesenzymes (1) Show 1 proteinXML
enzymes (1) Show 1 protein
Record Information
Version4.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2020-09-27 18:34:19 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000937
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00937
Metabolite Identification
Common NameStigmasterol
DescriptionStigmasterol is a phytosterol, meaning it is steroid derived from plants. As a food additive, phytosterols have cholesterol-lowering properties (reducing cholesterol absorption in intestines), and may act in cancer prevention. Phytosterols naturally occur in small amount in vegetable oils, especially soybean oil. One such phytosterol complex, isolated from vegetable oil, is cholestatin, composed of campesterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol, and is marketed as a dietary supplement. Sterols can reduce cholesterol in human subjects by up to 15%. The mechanism behind phytosterols and the lowering of cholesterol occurs as follows : the incorporation of cholesterol into micelles in the gastrointestinal tract is inhibited, decreasing the overall amount of cholesterol absorbed. This may in turn help to control body total cholesterol levels, as well as modify HDL, LDL and TAG levels. Many margarines, butters, breakfast cereals and spreads are now enriched with phytosterols and marketed towards people with high cholesterol and a wish to lower it (Wikipedia ). Stigmasterol is found to be associated with phytosterolemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism.
Structure
Data?1601231659
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
(3beta,22E)-Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-olChEBI
5,22-Cholestadien-24-ethyl-3beta-olChEBI
beta-StigmasterolChEBI
PhytosterolChEBI
PoriferasterolChEBI
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3beta-olChEBI
(3b,22E)-Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-olGenerator
(3β,22E)-Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-olGenerator
5,22-Cholestadien-24-ethyl-3b-olGenerator
5,22-Cholestadien-24-ethyl-3β-olGenerator
b-StigmasterolGenerator
β-StigmasterolGenerator
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3b-olGenerator
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3β-olGenerator
(24S)-5,22-Stigmastadien-3b-olHMDB
17-(4-Ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-b-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-beta-olHMDB
StigmasterinHMDB
(24S)-24-Ethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-olHMDB
(24S)-24-Ethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3β-olHMDB
(24S)-5,22-Stigmastadien-3beta-olHMDB
(24S)-5,22-Stigmastadien-3β-olHMDB
(24S)-Stigmast-5,22-dien-3beta-olHMDB
(24S)-Stigmast-5,22-dien-3β-olHMDB
24-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3beta-olHMDB
24-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3β-olHMDB
24beta-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3beta-olHMDB
24β-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3β-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22(E)-dien-3beta-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22(E)-dien-3β-olHMDB
StigmasterolHMDB
delta5,22-Stigmastadien-3beta-olHMDB
delta5-StigmasterolHMDB
Δ5,22-Stigmastadien-3β-olHMDB
Δ5-StigmasterolHMDB
Chemical FormulaC29H48O
Average Molecular Weight412.702
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight412.370516166
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-14-[(2R,3E,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
Traditional Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-14-[(2R,3E,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
CAS Registry Number83-48-7
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)\C=C\[C@@H](CC)C(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C29H48O/c1-7-21(19(2)3)9-8-20(4)25-12-13-26-24-11-10-22-18-23(30)14-16-28(22,5)27(24)15-17-29(25,26)6/h8-10,19-21,23-27,30H,7,11-18H2,1-6H3/b9-8+/t20-,21-,23+,24+,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-/m1/s1
InChI KeyHCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as stigmastanes and derivatives. These are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassStigmastanes and derivatives
Direct ParentStigmastanes and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • C24-propyl-sterol-skeleton
  • Stigmastane-skeleton
  • Triterpenoid
  • 3-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • 3-beta-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-beta-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • Delta-5-steroid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect

Health effect:

Disposition

Route of exposure:

Source:

Biological location:

Process

Naturally occurring process:

Role

Biological role:

Industrial application:

Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point170 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility2.7e-05 g/LALOGPS
logP6.95ALOGPS
logP7.48ChemAxon
logS-7.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)18.2ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area20.23 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity130.88 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability53.55 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-3941000000-4b20188a87c1dadeae49Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a59-9720000000-02211a4df6ec5c313295Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-053r-7941000000-7983b2cb8a74cfda7530Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a59-9731000000-168578ccead65322e450Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-3941000000-4b20188a87c1dadeae49Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a59-9720000000-02211a4df6ec5c313295Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-053r-7941000000-7983b2cb8a74cfda7530Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a59-9731000000-168578ccead65322e450Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001j-1109000000-be897608aaeab74e5d13Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0avl-2102900000-564b610342ad160ee822Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-03di-0000900000-f7738a3fcdee344f82c9Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-07cs-9400200000-959314bea26c5acd8301Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-0a59-7900000000-ce066e558ecbe29afea8Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (SHIMADZU LKB-9000B) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-3941000000-f854893a9352ff766734Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (Unknown) , Positivesplash10-0a59-9720000000-5a3d902c3cd2af078da3Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6E) , Positivesplash10-053r-7941000000-6c5c63e8c487f86b353bSpectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-60) , Positivesplash10-0a59-9731000000-32a70fa14fd448314caaSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-01ot-2019500000-3495ed3a1955cc77528aSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0002-9128100000-3c3b91bb2d698a88f9dbSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0002-8197000000-a80e8fcc32cd4a2dfefeSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-03di-0002900000-322cae85ce921a9ef9e2Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-03di-0004900000-d25be97b0cfa1b9bed79Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000t-2019000000-3b119d03e184f575cdc4Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0a59-8920000000-c7d02c3957677fae28beSpectrum
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableSpectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified11.15 (0.24-55.00) uMChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
    • West Cadwell, N.J...
    • Basel, Switzerlan...
 details
BloodDetected and Quantified5.573 +/- 0.727 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not Specified
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not Specified
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not AvailableNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal		 details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.00003 +/- 0.00003 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified46.8 +/- 1.2 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothPhytosterolemia details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer		 details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Sitosterolemia
  1. Lutjohann D, Bjorkhem I, Beil UF, von Bergmann K: Sterol absorption and sterol balance in phytosterolemia evaluated by deuterium-labeled sterols: effect of sitostanol treatment. J Lipid Res. 1995 Aug;36(8):1763-73. [PubMed:7595097 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB001936
KNApSAcK IDC00023774
Chemspider ID4444352
KEGG Compound IDC05442
BioCyc IDCPD-4162
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkStigmasterol
METLIN ID168
PubChem Compound5280794
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID28824
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB ID
References
Synthesis ReferenceGeng, Jianguo; Gu, Wenying; Wang, Xiaobao; Gu, Wenying. Method for extraction stigmasterol from mixed sterol of plant. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2002), 6 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Noblet JA, Young DL, Zeng EY, Ensari S: Use of fecal steroids to infer the sources of fecal indicator bacteria in the Lower Santa Ana River Watershed, California: sewage is unlikely a significant source. Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Nov 15;38(22):6002-8. [PubMed:15573599 ]
  2. Ohdoi C, Nyhan WL, Kuhara T: Chemical diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jul 15;792(1):123-30. [PubMed:12829005 ]
  3. Triana J, Lopez M, Perez FJ, Gonzalez-Platas J, Quintana J, Estevez F, Leon F, Bermejo J: Sesquiterpenoids from Pulicaria canariensis and their cytotoxic activities. J Nat Prod. 2005 Apr;68(4):523-31. [PubMed:15844941 ]
  4. Valsta LM, Lemstrom A, Ovaskainen ML, Lampi AM, Toivo J, Korhonen T, Piironen V: Estimation of plant sterol and cholesterol intake in Finland: quality of new values and their effect on intake. Br J Nutr. 2004 Oct;92(4):671-8. [PubMed:15522137 ]
  5. Kabouche A, Boutaghane N, Kabouche Z, Seguin E, Tillequin F, Benlabed K: Components and antibacterial activity of the roots of Salvia jaminiana. Fitoterapia. 2005 Jul;76(5):450-2. [PubMed:15893885 ]
  6. Phillips KM, Ruggio DM, Bailey JA: Precise quantitative determination of phytosterols, stanols, and cholesterol metabolites in human serum by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Sep 10;732(1):17-29. [PubMed:10517218 ]
  7. Miettinen TA: Phytosterolaemia, xanthomatosis and premature atherosclerotic arterial disease: a case with high plant sterol absorption, impaired sterol elimination and low cholesterol synthesis. Eur J Clin Invest. 1980 Feb;10(1):27-35. [PubMed:6768564 ]
  8. Urech K, Scher JM, Hostanska K, Becker H: Apoptosis inducing activity of viscin, a lipophilic extract from Viscum album L. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;57(1):101-9. [PubMed:15638998 ]
  9. Morin RJ, Elms NJ: Rapid microanalysis of cholesterol in bile and serum by gas chromatography. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1975 Jan-Feb;5(1):52-6. [PubMed:1111441 ]

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. Delta(24)-sterol reductase
General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reduction of the delta-24 double bond of sterol intermediates. Protects cells from oxidative stress by reducing caspase 3 activity during apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Also protects against amyloid-beta peptide-induced apoptosis.
Gene Name:
DHCR24
Uniprot ID:
Q15392
Molecular weight:
60100.805