| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2006-05-22 14:17:34 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:06 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0002055 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | o-Cresol |
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| Description | o-Cresol is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene, O-cresol is a cresol that is phenol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite. It is widely used chemical with neurotoxicological properties (PMID:15687000 ). o-Cresol is used commercially as a disinfectant. Exposure may occur by inhalation, by cutaneous adsorption or by oral ingestion. o-Cresol denature and precipitate cellular proteins and thus may rapidly cause poisoning. o-Cresol is metabolized by conjugation and oxidation. Ingestion of o-Cresol cause intense burning of mouth and throat, followed by marked abdominal pain and distress. The minimum lethal dose of cresol by mouth is about 2 g (PMID 15040915 ). o-Cresol is a microbial metabolite that can be found in Pseudomonas. Besides, o-Cresol is one of the chemical compounds found in castoreum. This compound is gathered from the beaver's castor glands and found in the white cedar consumed by the beavers. Together with many other compounds, o-cresol is traditionally extracted from coal tar, the volatile materials obtained in the production of coke from coal. A similar source material is petroleum residues. These residue contains a few percent by weight of phenol and isomeric cresols. In addition to the materials derived from these natural sources, about two thirds of the Western world's supply is produced by methylation of phenol using methanol. |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C7H8O/c1-6-4-2-3-5-7(6)8/h2-5,8H,1H3 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| 1-Hydroxy-2-methylbenzene | ChEBI | | 2-Cresol | ChEBI | | 2-Hydroxy-1-methylbenzene | ChEBI | | 2-Hydroxytoluene | ChEBI | | O-Cresylic acid | ChEBI | | O-Kresol | ChEBI | | O-Methylphenol | ChEBI | | Ortho-cresol | ChEBI | | Orthocresol | ChEBI | | O-Cresylate | Generator | | 1-Methyl-2-hydroxybenzene | HMDB | | 2-Methylphenol | HMDB, MeSH | | O-Hydroxytoluene | HMDB | | O-Methylphenylol | HMDB | | O-Oxytoluene | HMDB | | O-Toluol | HMDB | | 2-Cresol, potassium salt | MeSH, HMDB | | 2-Cresol, ammonium salt | MeSH, HMDB | | 2-Cresol, sodium salt | MeSH, HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C7H8O |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 108.1378 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 108.057514878 |
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| IUPAC Name | 2-methylphenol |
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| Traditional Name | o-cresol |
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| CAS Registry Number | 95-48-7 |
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| SMILES | CC1=CC=CC=C1O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C7H8O/c1-6-4-2-3-5-7(6)8/h2-5,8H,1H3 |
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| InChI Key | QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ortho cresols. These are organic compounds containing an ortho-cresol moiety, which consists of a benzene bearing one hydroxyl group at ring positions 1 and 2, respectively. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Benzenoids |
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| Class | Phenols |
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| Sub Class | Cresols |
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| Direct Parent | Ortho cresols |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - O-cresol
- 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Toluene
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | 29.8 °C | Not Available | | Boiling Point | 191.00 to 192.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg | The Good Scents Company Information System | | Water Solubility | 25.9 mg/mL at 25 °C | Not Available | | LogP | 1.95 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 2.96 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 12.5429 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 3.95 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1506.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 454.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 182.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 303.3 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 295.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 551.3 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 540.3 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 177.5 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1051.0 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 418.9 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1110.0 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 362.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 395.0 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 537.1 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 283.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 105.6 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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| Spectra |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | - Membrane (predicted from logP)
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 17.5 (9.24-32.6) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Cresol poisoning | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Treated celiac disease | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | | Cresol poisoning IBS |
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- Boatto G, Nieddu M, Carta A, Pau A, Lorenzoni S, Manconi P, Serra D: Determination of phenol and o-cresol by GC/MS in a fatal poisoning case. Forensic Sci Int. 2004 Jan 28;139(2-3):191-4. [PubMed:15040915 ]
| | Celiac disease |
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- Di Cagno R, De Angelis M, De Pasquale I, Ndagijimana M, Vernocchi P, Ricciuti P, Gagliardi F, Laghi L, Crecchio C, Guerzoni ME, Gobbetti M, Francavilla R: Duodenal and faecal microbiota of celiac children: molecular, phenotype and metabolome characterization. BMC Microbiol. 2011 Oct 4;11:219. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-11-219. [PubMed:21970810 ]
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| Associated OMIM IDs | |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB008785 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | C00030878 |
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| Chemspider ID | 13835772 |
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| KEGG Compound ID | C01542 |
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| BioCyc ID | CPD-109 |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | O-Cresol |
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| METLIN ID | Not Available |
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| PubChem Compound | 335 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 28054 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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| Good Scents ID | rw1007721 |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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| General References | - Boatto G, Nieddu M, Carta A, Pau A, Lorenzoni S, Manconi P, Serra D: Determination of phenol and o-cresol by GC/MS in a fatal poisoning case. Forensic Sci Int. 2004 Jan 28;139(2-3):191-4. [PubMed:15040915 ]
- Fustinoni S, Mercadante R, Campo L, Scibetta L, Valla C, Foa V: Determination of urinary ortho- and meta-cresol in humans by headspace SPME gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2005 Mar 25;817(2):309-17. [PubMed:15687000 ]
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