Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-05-22 14:17:39 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:14 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0002176 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Ethylmethylacetic acid |
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Description | Ethylmethylacetic acid, also known as alpha-methyl butyric acid or a-methyl butyrate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. Ethylmethylacetic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C5H10O2/c1-3-4(2)5(6)7/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Methybutyric acid | ChEBI | alpha-Methyl butyric acid | ChEBI | alpha-Methylbutyric acid | ChEBI | Butane-2-carboxylic acid | ChEBI | Methylethylacetic acid | ChEBI | 2-Methylbutyric acid | Kegg | 2-Methybutyrate | Generator | a-Methyl butyrate | Generator | a-Methyl butyric acid | Generator | alpha-Methyl butyrate | Generator | Α-methyl butyrate | Generator | Α-methyl butyric acid | Generator | a-Methylbutyrate | Generator | a-Methylbutyric acid | Generator | alpha-Methylbutyrate | Generator | Α-methylbutyrate | Generator | Α-methylbutyric acid | Generator | Butane-2-carboxylate | Generator | Methylethylacetate | Generator | 2-Methylbutyrate | Generator | Ethylmethylacetate | Generator | (+/-)-2-methylbutyrate | HMDB | (+/-)-2-methylbutyric acid | HMDB | 2-Ethylpropionate | HMDB | 2-Ethylpropionic acid | HMDB | 2-Methyl butyrate | HMDB | 2-Methyl butyric acid | HMDB | 2-Methylbutanoate | HMDB, Generator | 2-Methylbutanoic acid | HMDB | D-2-Methyl butyrate | HMDB | D-2-Methyl butyric acid | HMDB | DL-2-Methy butyrate | HMDB | DL-2-Methy butyric acid | HMDB | DL-2-Methylbutyrate | HMDB | DL-2-Methylbutyric acid | HMDB | 2-Methylbutyrate, (+-)-isomer | MeSH, HMDB | 2-Methylbutyrate, sodium salt | MeSH, HMDB | RS-2-Methylbutyrate | MeSH, HMDB | Ethylmethylacetic acid | ChEBI |
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Chemical Formula | C5H10O2 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 102.1317 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 102.068079564 |
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IUPAC Name | 2-methylbutanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | (+-)-2-methylbutyrate |
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CAS Registry Number | 116-53-0 |
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SMILES | CCC(C)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C5H10O2/c1-3-4(2)5(6)7/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7) |
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InChI Key | WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Methyl-branched fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Methyl-branched fatty acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | 176.00 to 177.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 45 mg/mL at 20 °C | Not Available | LogP | 1.18 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | | Show more...
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized | Show more...
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-05i3-9000000000-0aaa78177c0a6f4e0f30 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-05i3-9000000000-0aaa78177c0a6f4e0f30 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-056r-9000000000-2909ffab0f5a63851edf | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-05dr-9200000000-d03c368f82e8aafbbf2e | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-05i0-9000000000-5202133990304f535e3e | 2015-03-01 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-05i3-9000000000-1b5a036458bffab2edb2 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udr-9500000000-015593bb5625d47062e0 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4r-9100000000-9cefc93a02ed409afaa7 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-4c09f00d4b395429c15f | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udr-9500000000-015593bb5625d47062e0 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4r-9100000000-9cefc93a02ed409afaa7 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-4c09f00d4b395429c15f | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-2900000000-91099c4563c2a38048c7 | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0pb9-9500000000-614d914711126947b2cc | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-0c48b735fe7cb3bd438f | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-2900000000-91099c4563c2a38048c7 | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0pb9-9500000000-614d914711126947b2cc | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-0c48b735fe7cb3bd438f | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0900000000-4c159e60dacc58e6ba98 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-2900000000-3de63f631f358f44d663 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-49980d35bd5bcf94041b | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0zg0-9500000000-ebceed22ebf0c3f30cbf | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-ee8b144eb008ebfb745c | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethylmethylacetic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9000000000-b0c600bc4b289c4f5f6d | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 735.913 +/- 226.276 nmol/g wet feces | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 80-2120 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 8.04 +/- 7.66 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.0097 nmol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Male | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Irritable bowel syndrome | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Autism | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Campylobacter jejuni infection | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Clostridium difficile infection | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Crohns disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative Colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Crohn's disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Treated celiac disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Ulcerative colitis |
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- Garner CE, Smith S, de Lacy Costello B, White P, Spencer R, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM: Volatile organic compounds from feces and their potential for diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease. FASEB J. 2007 Jun;21(8):1675-88. Epub 2007 Feb 21. [PubMed:17314143 ]
- Le Gall G, Noor SO, Ridgway K, Scovell L, Jamieson C, Johnson IT, Colquhoun IJ, Kemsley EK, Narbad A: Metabolomics of fecal extracts detects altered metabolic activity of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. J Proteome Res. 2011 Sep 2;10(9):4208-18. doi: 10.1021/pr2003598. Epub 2011 Aug 8. [PubMed:21761941 ]
- De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
- Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25. [PubMed:26806034 ]
| Irritable bowel syndrome |
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- Le Gall G, Noor SO, Ridgway K, Scovell L, Jamieson C, Johnson IT, Colquhoun IJ, Kemsley EK, Narbad A: Metabolomics of fecal extracts detects altered metabolic activity of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. J Proteome Res. 2011 Sep 2;10(9):4208-18. doi: 10.1021/pr2003598. Epub 2011 Aug 8. [PubMed:21761941 ]
| Celiac disease |
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- Di Cagno R, De Angelis M, De Pasquale I, Ndagijimana M, Vernocchi P, Ricciuti P, Gagliardi F, Laghi L, Crecchio C, Guerzoni ME, Gobbetti M, Francavilla R: Duodenal and faecal microbiota of celiac children: molecular, phenotype and metabolome characterization. BMC Microbiol. 2011 Oct 4;11:219. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-11-219. [PubMed:21970810 ]
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
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- Raman M, Ahmed I, Gillevet PM, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM, Smith S, Greenwood R, Sikaroodi M, Lam V, Crotty P, Bailey J, Myers RP, Rioux KP: Fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound metabolome in obese humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jul;11(7):868-75.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.015. Epub 2013 Feb 27. [PubMed:23454028 ]
| Autism |
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- De Angelis M, Piccolo M, Vannini L, Siragusa S, De Giacomo A, Serrazzanetti DI, Cristofori F, Guerzoni ME, Gobbetti M, Francavilla R: Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 9;8(10):e76993. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076993. eCollection 2013. [PubMed:24130822 ]
| Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified |
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- De Angelis M, Piccolo M, Vannini L, Siragusa S, De Giacomo A, Serrazzanetti DI, Cristofori F, Guerzoni ME, Gobbetti M, Francavilla R: Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 9;8(10):e76993. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076993. eCollection 2013. [PubMed:24130822 ]
| Crohn's disease |
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- De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
- Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25. [PubMed:26806034 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB008135 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00029461 |
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Chemspider ID | 8012 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C18319 |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | 6528 |
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PubChem Compound | 8314 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 37070 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | 2MBUT |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | rw1056421 |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Bueding, Ernest; Yale, Helen W. Production of a-methylbutyric acid by bacteria-free Ascaris lumbricoides. Journal of Biological Chemistry (1951), 193 411-23. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Korman SH, Andresen BS, Zeharia A, Gutman A, Boneh A, Pitt JJ: 2-ethylhydracrylic aciduria in short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: application to diagnosis and implications for the R-pathway of isoleucine oxidation. Clin Chem. 2005 Mar;51(3):610-7. Epub 2004 Dec 22. [PubMed:15615815 ]
- Schatowitz B, Gercken G: Simultaneous determination of C2-C22 non-esterified fatty acids and other metabolically relevant carboxylic acids in biological material by gas chromatography of their benzyl esters. J Chromatogr. 1988 Mar 18;425(2):257-68. [PubMed:3372640 ]
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