| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2009-11-03 15:30:49 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-10-24 19:44:11 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0013133 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Methylmalonylcarnitine |
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| Description | Methylmalonylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine. More specifically, it is an methylmalonic acid ester of carnitine. Acylcarnitines were first discovered more than 70 year ago (PMID: 13825279 ). It is believed that there are more than 1000 types of acylcarnitines in the human body. The general role of acylcarnitines is to transport acyl-groups (organic acids and fatty acids) from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria so that they can be broken down to produce energy. This process is known as beta-oxidation. According to a recent review (PMID: 35710135 ), acylcarnitines (ACs) can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the type and size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain ACs; 2) medium-chain ACs; 3) long-chain ACs; 4) very long-chain ACs; 5) hydroxy ACs; 6) branched chain ACs; 7) unsaturated ACs; 8) dicarboxylic ACs and 9) miscellaneous ACs. Short-chain ACs have acyl-groups with two to five carbons (C2-C5), medium-chain ACs have acyl-groups with six to thirteen carbons (C6-C13), long-chain ACs have acyl-groups with fourteen to twenty once carbons (C14-C21) and very long-chain ACs have acyl groups with more than 22 carbons. Methylmalonylcarnitine is therefore classified as a short chain AC. As a short-chain acylcarnitine methylmalonylcarnitine is a member of the most abundant group of carnitines in the body, comprising more than 50% of all acylcarnitines quantified in tissues and biofluids (PMID: 31920980 ). Some short-chain carnitines have been studied as supplements or treatments for a number of diseases, including neurological disorders and inborn errors of metabolism. In particular methylmalonylcarnitine is elevated in the blood or plasma of individuals with methylmalonyl-coa epimerase deficiency/methylmalonic acidemia (PMID: 27699154 , PMID: 17279485 ), familial mediterranean fever (PMID: 29900937 ), and cobalamin C deficiency (PMID: 25367534 ). It is also decreased in the blood or plasma of individuals with melanoma (PMID: 30830422 ) and intracerebral hemorrhage (PMID: 29265114 ). Methylmalonylcarnitine is elevated in the urine of individuals with methylmalonyl-coa epimerase deficiency/methylmalonic acidemia (PMID: 27699154 , PMID: 17279485 ). Carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT, EC:2.3.1.7) is responsible for the synthesis of all short-chain and short branched-chain acylcarnitines (PMID: 23485643 ). The study of acylcarnitines is an active area of research and it is likely that many novel acylcarnitines will be discovered in the coming years. It is also likely that many novel roles in health and disease will be uncovered. An excellent review of the current state of knowledge for acylcarnitines is available (PMID: 35710135 ). |
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| Structure | C[C@H](C(O)=O)C(=O)O[C@H](CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C InChI=1S/C11H19NO6/c1-7(10(15)16)11(17)18-8(5-9(13)14)6-12(2,3)4/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H3,(H-,13,14,15,16)/t7-,8-/m1/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (2R)-3-{[(2R)-1-carboxy-3-(trimethylazaniumyl)propan-2-yl]oxy}-2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid | HMDB | | Methylmalonyl-L-carnitine | HMDB | | Methylmalonylcarnitine | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C11H20NO6 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 262.281 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 262.128513788 |
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| IUPAC Name | (3R)-3-{[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-methylacetyl]oxy}-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate |
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| Traditional Name | (3R)-3-{[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-methylacetyl]oxy}-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate |
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| CAS Registry Number | 256928-70-8 |
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| SMILES | C[C@H](C(O)=O)C(=O)O[C@H](CC(O)=O)C[N+](C)(C)C |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C11H19NO6/c1-7(10(15)16)11(17)18-8(5-9(13)14)6-12(2,3)4/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H3,(H-,13,14,15,16)/p+1/t7-,8-/m1/s1 |
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| InChI Key | XROYFEWIXXCPAW-HTQZYQBOSA-O |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Fatty Acyls |
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| Sub Class | Fatty acid esters |
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| Direct Parent | Acyl carnitines |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Acyl-carnitine
- Tricarboxylic acid or derivatives
- 1,3-dicarbonyl compound
- Tetraalkylammonium salt
- Quaternary ammonium salt
- Carboxylic acid salt
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic salt
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross Sections| Predictor | Adduct Type | CCS Value (Å2) | Reference |
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| DeepCCS | [M+H]+ | 160.239 | 30932474 | | DeepCCS | [M-H]- | 156.776 | 30932474 | | DeepCCS | [M-2H]- | 192.993 | 30932474 | | DeepCCS | [M+Na]+ | 168.641 | 30932474 |
Predicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 2.12 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 9.5935 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 6.15 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 370.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 473.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 218.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 79.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 159.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 47.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 242.2 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 282.5 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 859.1 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 640.5 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 56.6 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1107.5 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 190.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 191.8 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 524.7 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 379.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 212.4 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| Methylmalonylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[C@@H](C(=O)O[C@H](CC(=O)O)C[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1784.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Methylmalonylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[C@H](C(=O)O)C(=O)O[C@H](CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C[N+](C)(C)C | 1779.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Methylmalonylcarnitine,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[C@@H](C(=O)O[C@H](CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1845.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Methylmalonylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | C[C@@H](C(=O)O[C@H](CC(=O)O)C[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2015.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Methylmalonylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | C[C@H](C(=O)O)C(=O)O[C@H](CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[N+](C)(C)C | 2004.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Methylmalonylcarnitine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | C[C@@H](C(=O)O[C@H](CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[N+](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2292.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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- Kiykim E, Aktuglu Zeybek AC, Barut K, Zubarioglu T, Cansever MS, Alsancak S, Kasapcopur O: Screening of Free Carnitine and Acylcarnitine Status in Children With Familial Mediterranean Fever. Arch Rheumatol. 2016 Mar 10;31(2):133-138. doi: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2016.5696. eCollection 2016 Jun. [PubMed:29900937 ]
- Zhang X, Li Y, Liang Y, Sun P, Wu X, Song J, Sun X, Hong M, Gao P, Deng D: Distinguishing Intracerebral Hemorrhage from Acute Cerebral Infarction through Metabolomics. Rev Invest Clin. 2017 Nov-Dec;69(6):319-328. doi: 10.24875/RIC.17002348. [PubMed:29265114 ]
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- Waters PJ, Thuriot F, Clarke JT, Gravel S, Watkins D, Rosenblatt DS, Levesque S: Methylmalonyl-coA epimerase deficiency: A new case, with an acute metabolic presentation and an intronic splicing mutation in the MCEE gene. Mol Genet Metab Rep. 2016 Sep 24;9:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2016.09.001. eCollection 2016 Dec. [PubMed:27699154 ]
- Maeda Y, Ito T, Suzuki A, Kurono Y, Ueta A, Yokoi K, Sumi S, Togari H, Sugiyama N: Simultaneous quantification of acylcarnitine isomers containing dicarboxylic acylcarnitines in human serum and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2007;21(5):799-806. doi: 10.1002/rcm.2905. [PubMed:17279485 ]
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- Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.
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