Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2010-02-22 10:39:32 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-05-30 20:55:49 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0013328 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Pimelylcarnitine |
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Description | Pimelylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine. More specifically, it is an pimelic acid ester of carnitine. Acylcarnitines were first discovered more than 70 year ago (PMID: 13825279 ). It is believed that there are more than 1000 types of acylcarnitines in the human body. The general role of acylcarnitines is to transport acyl-groups (organic acids and fatty acids) from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria so that they can be broken down to produce energy. This process is known as beta-oxidation. According to a recent review (PMID: 35710135 ), acylcarnitines (ACs) can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the type and size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain ACs; 2) medium-chain ACs; 3) long-chain ACs; 4) very long-chain ACs; 5) hydroxy ACs; 6) branched chain ACs; 7) unsaturated ACs; 8) dicarboxylic ACs and 9) miscellaneous ACs. Short-chain ACs have acyl-groups with two to five carbons (C2-C5), medium-chain ACs have acyl-groups with six to thirteen carbons (C6-C13), long-chain ACs have acyl-groups with fourteen to twenty once carbons (C14-C21) and very long-chain ACs have acyl groups with more than 22 carbons. Pimelylcarnitine is therefore classified as a medium chain AC. As a medium-chain acylcarnitine pimelylcarnitine is somewhat less abundant than short-chain acylcarnitines. These are formed either through esterification with L-carnitine or through the peroxisomal metabolism of longer chain acylcarnitines (PMID: 30540494 ). Many medium-chain acylcarnitines can serve as useful markers for inherited disorders of fatty acid metabolism. Carnitine octanoyltransferase (CrOT, EC:2.3.1.137) is responsible for the synthesis of all medium-chain (MCAC, C5-C12) and medium-length branched-chain acylcarnitines in peroxisomes (PMID: 10486279 ). The study of acylcarnitines is an active area of research and it is likely that many novel acylcarnitines will be discovered in the coming years. It is also likely that many novel roles in health and disease will be uncovered. An excellent review of the current state of knowledge for acylcarnitines is available (PMID: 35710135 ). |
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Structure | C[N+](C)(C)C[C@@H](CC([O-])=O)OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O InChI=1S/C14H25NO6/c1-15(2,3)10-11(9-13(18)19)21-14(20)8-6-4-5-7-12(16)17/h11H,4-10H2,1-3H3,(H-,16,17,18,19)/t11-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(R)-Pimelylcarnitine | ChEBI |
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Chemical Formula | C14H25NO6 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 303.355 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 303.168187529 |
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IUPAC Name | (3R)-3-[(6-carboxyhexanoyl)oxy]-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate |
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Traditional Name | (3R)-3-[(6-carboxyhexanoyl)oxy]-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate |
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CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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SMILES | C[N+](C)(C)C[C@@H](CC([O-])=O)OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C14H25NO6/c1-15(2,3)10-11(9-13(18)19)21-14(20)8-6-4-5-7-12(16)17/h11H,4-10H2,1-3H3,(H-,16,17,18,19)/t11-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | NTBUXPPQHCFLOM-LLVKDONJSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acid esters |
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Direct Parent | Acyl carnitines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Acyl-carnitine
- Tricarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Tetraalkylammonium salt
- Quaternary ammonium salt
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Carboxylic acid salt
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboxylic acid
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic salt
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-000i-0191000000-43d3a4bf3589560b2b44 | 2018-11-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-3920000000-242e09cd487fc5dab13e | 2018-11-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0abc-9410000000-85ab5b4e84825faec47b | 2018-11-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0009000000-902ce9b3078c2740b79f | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0f79-9005000000-70c242c65f0720be3e9f | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pimelylcarnitine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-e9262cbaff8cb4ad0ba6 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.035-0.120 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.03 +/- 0.02 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 0.15 +/- 0.07 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 0.15 +/- 0.05 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.02-0.09 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.04 +/- 0.02 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Female | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.05 +/- 0.02 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.03 (0.01-0.11) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.04 (0.03-0.05) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.034 +/- 0.012 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Obesity | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.033 +/- 0.011 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Obesity | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Obesity |
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- Simone Wahl, Christina Holzapfel, Zhonghao Yu, Michaela Breier, Ivan Kondofersky, Christiane Fuchs, Paula Singmann, Cornelia Prehn, Jerzy Adamski, Harald Grallert, Thomas Illig, Rui Wang-Sattler, Thomas Reinehr (2013). Metabolomics reveals determinants of weight loss during lifestyle intervention in obese children. Metabolomics.
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Associated OMIM IDs | |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB029400 |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | 34999732 |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 53481699 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 85525 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Ferdinandusse S, Mulders J, IJlst L, Denis S, Dacremont G, Waterham HR, Wanders RJ: Molecular cloning and expression of human carnitine octanoyltransferase: evidence for its role in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Sep 16;263(1):213-8. [PubMed:10486279 ]
- FRITZ IB: Action of carnitine on long chain fatty acid oxidation by liver. Am J Physiol. 1959 Aug;197:297-304. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.197.2.297. [PubMed:13825279 ]
- Violante S, Achetib N, van Roermund CWT, Hagen J, Dodatko T, Vaz FM, Waterham HR, Chen H, Baes M, Yu C, Argmann CA, Houten SM: Peroxisomes can oxidize medium- and long-chain fatty acids through a pathway involving ABCD3 and HSD17B4. FASEB J. 2019 Mar;33(3):4355-4364. doi: 10.1096/fj.201801498R. Epub 2018 Dec 12. [PubMed:30540494 ]
- Dambrova M, Makrecka-Kuka M, Kuka J, Vilskersts R, Nordberg D, Attwood MM, Smesny S, Sen ZD, Guo AC, Oler E, Tian S, Zheng J, Wishart DS, Liepinsh E, Schioth HB: Acylcarnitines: Nomenclature, Biomarkers, Therapeutic Potential, Drug Targets, and Clinical Trials. Pharmacol Rev. 2022 Jul;74(3):506-551. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000408. [PubMed:35710135 ]
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