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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:45 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014847
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14847
Metabolite Identification
Common NameLamivudine
DescriptionLamivudine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and zalcitabine analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring. It is used to treat Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis B (HBV).Lamivudine is a synthetic nucleoside analogue and is phosphorylated intracellularly to its active 5'-triphosphate metabolite, lamivudine triphosphate (L-TP). This nucleoside analogue is incorporated into viral DNA by HIV reverse transcriptase and HBV polymerase, resulting in DNA chain termination.
Structure
Data?1582753227
Synonyms
ValueSource
(-)-1-((2R,5S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)cytosineChEBI
(-)-2'-Deoxy-3'-thiacytidineChEBI
2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidineChEBI
3'-Thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidineChEBI
3TCChEBI
beta-L-2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidineChEBI
beta-L-3'-Thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidineChEBI
EpivirChEBI
b-L-2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidineGenerator
Β-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidineGenerator
b-L-3'-Thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidineGenerator
Β-L-3'-thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidineGenerator
2',3' Dideoxy 3' thiacytidineHMDB
BCH 189HMDB
BCH-189HMDB
Lamivudine, (2S-cis)-isomerHMDB
Chemical FormulaC8H11N3O3S
Average Molecular Weight229.256
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight229.052111923
IUPAC Name4-amino-1-[(2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-2-one
Traditional Namelamivudine
CAS Registry Number134678-17-4
SMILES
NC1=NC(=O)N(C=C1)[C@@H]1CS[C@H](CO)O1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C8H11N3O3S/c9-5-1-2-11(8(13)10-5)6-4-15-7(3-12)14-6/h1-2,6-7,12H,3-4H2,(H2,9,10,13)/t6-,7+/m0/s1
InChI KeyJTEGQNOMFQHVDC-NKWVEPMBSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 3'-thia pyrimidine nucleosides. These are nucleoside analogues with a structure that consists of a pyrimidine base, which is N-substituted at the 1-position with a 3'-thia derivative (1,3-oxazolidine) of the ribose moiety that is characteristic of nucleosides.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
ClassNucleoside and nucleotide analogues
Sub Class3'-thia pyrimidine nucleosides
Direct Parent3'-thia pyrimidine nucleosides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 3'-thia pyrimidine nucleoside
  • Hydroxypyrimidine
  • Hydropyrimidine
  • Pyrimidine
  • Monothioacetal
  • Oxathiolane
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point160 - 162 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility2.76 g/LNot Available
LogP-1.4Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility2.76 g/LALOGPS
logP-1.3ALOGPS
logP-1.1ChemAxon
logS-1.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)14.29ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-0.16ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area88.15 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity55.16 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability21.7 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+149.6231661259
DarkChem[M-H]-148.76731661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+147.57630932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-145.1830932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-178.24230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+153.58830932474
AllCCS[M+H]+149.532859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+145.732859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+153.132859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+154.132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-148.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-148.632859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-149.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
LamivudineNC1=NC(=O)N(C=C1)[C@@H]1CS[C@H](CO)O13687.0Standard polar33892256
LamivudineNC1=NC(=O)N(C=C1)[C@@H]1CS[C@H](CO)O12263.2Standard non polar33892256
LamivudineNC1=NC(=O)N(C=C1)[C@@H]1CS[C@H](CO)O12592.3Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Lamivudine,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N)=NC2=O)CS12350.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C12393.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)O2)C=C12422.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)O2)C=C12424.8Standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)O2)C=C13363.0Standard polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N(C1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C2370.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N(C1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C2468.6Standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N(C1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C3401.5Standard polar33892256
Lamivudine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=NC2=O)CS12396.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=NC2=O)CS12507.1Standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=NC2=O)CS12963.2Standard polar33892256
Lamivudine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N)=NC2=O)CS12594.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C12650.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)O2)C=C12866.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)O2)C=C12874.3Standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)O2)C=C13384.1Standard polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2810.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2926.2Standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C1=NC(=O)N([C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3355.2Standard polar33892256
Lamivudine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=NC2=O)CS13010.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=NC2=O)CS13155.1Standard non polar33892256
Lamivudine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H]1O[C@H](N2C=CC(N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=NC2=O)CS13149.1Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Lamivudine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00uv-9710000000-73bdde0fcb4c41646b422017-08-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Lamivudine GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00dr-9810000000-86fa390c1f35b5657b842017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Lamivudine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 35V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0900000000-0426dfea67e7b18668a92021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 35V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0900000000-ee992d3b04ad0899fd5c2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0910000000-93346cf49eef73914c7c2017-07-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-4900000000-07c6901608fdcd9b93b82017-07-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03dj-9600000000-5e58e487d2a852e721152017-07-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-4970000000-db3826710ed881faa5062017-07-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00n0-1900000000-f8fcf86f0a9e8e88d0322017-07-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-9100000000-7bf9d4c9292e16f5a8cf2017-07-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0900000000-fe19e5cac381204da3982021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-2900000000-ff3d600bf7691abf5f262021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-9100000000-c64b48056159e06e836a2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-0490000000-d2646f253431399eff222021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001l-4900000000-c1bd605b7601b28c7acc2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Lamivudine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9400000000-1e16c0091c211dd73c162021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00709 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00709 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00709
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID54812
KEGG Compound IDC07065
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkLamivudine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound60825
PDB ID3TC
ChEBI ID63577
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Fox Z, Dragsted UB, Gerstoft J, Phillips AN, Kjaer J, Mathiesen L, Youle M, Katlama C, Hill A, Bruun JN, Clumeck N, Dellamonica P, Lundgren JD: A randomized trial to evaluate continuation versus discontinuation of lamivudine in individuals failing a lamivudine-containing regimen: the COLATE trial. Antivir Ther. 2006;11(6):761-70. [PubMed:17310820 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o- glucuronide, methotrexate, antiviral drugs and other xenobiotics. Confers resistance to anticancer drugs. Hydrolyzes ATP with low efficiency
Gene Name:
ABCC1
Uniprot ID:
P33527
Molecular weight:
171589.5
References
  1. Olson DP, Scadden DT, D'Aquila RT, De Pasquale MP: The protease inhibitor ritonavir inhibits the functional activity of the multidrug resistance related-protein 1 (MRP-1). AIDS. 2002 Sep 6;16(13):1743-7. [PubMed:12218384 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Xenobiotic transporter that may play an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain. May be involved in brain-to-blood efflux. Appears to play a major role in the multidrug resistance phenotype of several cancer cell lines. When overexpressed, the transfected cells become resistant to mitoxantrone, daunorubicin and doxorubicin, display diminished intracellular accumulation of daunorubicin, and manifest an ATP- dependent increase in the efflux of rhodamine 123
Gene Name:
ABCG2
Uniprot ID:
Q9UNQ0
Molecular weight:
72313.5
References
  1. Wang X, Furukawa T, Nitanda T, Okamoto M, Sugimoto Y, Akiyama S, Baba M: Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) induces cellular resistance to HIV-1 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;63(1):65-72. [PubMed:12488537 ]
General function:
Involved in ion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of endogenous dicarboxylic acid (glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of p- aminohippurate (PAH), ochratoxin (OTA), acyclovir (ACV), 3'-azido- 3-'deoxythymidine (AZT), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro- phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), hippurate (HA), indoleacetate (IA), indoxyl sulfate (IS) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2- furanpropionate (CMPF), cidofovir, adefovir, 9-(2- phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine (PMEG), 9-(2- phosphonylmethoxyethyl) diaminopurine (PMEDAP) and edaravone sulfate. PAH uptake is inhibited by p- chloromercuribenzenesulphonate (PCMBS), diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), sulindac, diclofenac, carprofen, glutarate and okadaic acid. PAH uptake is inhibited by benzothiazolylcysteine (BTC), S-chlorotrifluoroethylcysteine (CTFC), cysteine S-conjugates S-dichlorovinylcysteine (DCVC), furosemide, steviol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), calcium ionophore A23187, benzylpenicillin, furosemide, indomethacin, bumetamide, losartan, probenecid, phenol red, urate, and alpha-ketoglutarate
Gene Name:
SLC22A6
Uniprot ID:
Q4U2R8
Molecular weight:
61815.8
References
  1. Wada S, Tsuda M, Sekine T, Cha SH, Kimura M, Kanai Y, Endou H: Rat multispecific organic anion transporter 1 (rOAT1) transports zidovudine, acyclovir, and other antiviral nucleoside analogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Sep;294(3):844-9. [PubMed:10945832 ]