Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:18:24 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0015140 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Hydroxyurea |
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Description | Hydroxyurea, also known as hydroxycarbamide or hydrea, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboximidic acids and derivatives. Carboximidic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboximidic group, with the general formula R-C(=NR1)OR2. Hydroxyurea is a drug which is used for management of melanoma, resistant chronic myelocytic leukemia, and recurrent, metastatic, or inoperable carcinoma of the ovary and sickle-cell anemia. Hydroxyurea is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Due to its chemical properties hydroxyurea was explored as an antisickling agent in the treatment of hematological conditions. Hydroxyurea is a potentially toxic compound. It has been found to be superior to anagrelide for the control of ET.Sickle-cell disease (increases production of fetal hemoglobin that then interferes with the hemoglobin polymerisation as well as by reducing white blood cells that contribute to the general inflammatory state in sickle cell patients.)Second line treatment for psoriasis (slows down the rapid division of skin cells)PsoriasisSystemic mastocytosisChronic myelogenous leukemia (largely replaced by imatinib, but still in use for its cost-effectiveness)Reported side-effects are: neurological reactions (e.g., headache, dizziness, drowsiness, disorientation, hallucinations, and convulsions), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, mucositis, anorexia, stomatitis, bone marrow toxicity (dose-limiting toxicity; may take 7–21 days to recover after the drug has been discontinued), megaloblastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, bleeding, hemorrhage, gastrointestinal ulceration and perforation, immunosuppression, leukopenia, alopecia (hair loss), skin rashes (e.g., maculopapular rash), erythema, pruritus, vesication or irritation of the skin and mucous membranes, pulmonary edema, abnormal liver enzymes, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system. Hydroxyurea has many pharmacological applications under the Medical Subject Headings classification system:Antineoplastic Agents – Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of neoplasms. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/CH4N2O2/c2-1(4)3-5/h5H,(H3,2,3,4) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Carbamohydroxamic acid | ChEBI | Carbamohydroximic acid | ChEBI | Carbamoyl oxime | ChEBI | Carbamyl hydroxamate | ChEBI | Hidroxicarbamida | ChEBI | Hydrea | ChEBI | Hydroxycarbamid | ChEBI | Hydroxycarbamide | ChEBI | Hydroxycarbamidum | ChEBI | Hydroxyharnstoff | ChEBI | N-Carbamoylhydroxylamine | ChEBI | N-HYDROXYUREA | ChEBI | Oxyurea | ChEBI | Droxia | Kegg | Carbamohydroxamate | Generator | Carbamohydroximate | Generator | Carbamyl hydroxamic acid | Generator | Carbamohydroxyamic acid | HMDB | HU | HMDB | Hydroxicarbamidum | HMDB | Hydroxycarbamine | HMDB | Hydroxylurea | HMDB | Idrossicarbamide | HMDB | Oncocarbide | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | CH4N2O2 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 76.0547 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 76.027277382 |
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IUPAC Name | hydroxyurea |
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Traditional Name | hydroxyurea |
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CAS Registry Number | 127-07-1 |
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SMILES | NC(=O)NO |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/CH4N2O2/c2-1(4)3-5/h5H,(H3,2,3,4) |
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InChI Key | VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboximidic acids and derivatives. Carboximidic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboximidic group, with the general formula R-C(=NR1)OR2. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboximidic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Not Available |
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Direct Parent | Carboximidic acids and derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Carboximidic acid derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Imine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 142 - 146 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 269 g/L | Not Available | LogP | -1.6 | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Hydroxyurea,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)NO | 1274.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)NO | 1191.4 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)NO | 2083.6 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(N)=O | 1213.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(N)=O | 1134.9 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(N)=O | 1949.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)NO)[Si](C)(C)C | 1329.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)NO)[Si](C)(C)C | 1221.4 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)NO)[Si](C)(C)C | 1651.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)N(O)[Si](C)(C)C | 1271.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)N(O)[Si](C)(C)C | 1238.0 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)N(O)[Si](C)(C)C | 1684.9 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1372.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1296.1 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1516.1 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)NO | 1477.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)NO | 1302.9 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)NO | 2096.8 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(N)=O | 1383.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(N)=O | 1304.2 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(N)=O | 2059.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)NO)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1711.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)NO)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1592.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(=O)NO)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1742.2 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)N(O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1685.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)N(O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1575.8 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)N(O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1818.0 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1993.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1909.8 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Hydroxyurea,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(O)C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1859.1 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea GC-MS (3 TMS) | splash10-0059-3950000000-0418fbb00ea645e9e0ce | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0059-3950000000-0418fbb00ea645e9e0ce | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0002-0920000000-be691e1a11d76d687cc5 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9000000000-725178d2fb4e3ae0a710 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-9000000000-15e079ef519fdae75dab | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-9000000000-f39d1396b2b03d5846c8 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-01ox-9000000000-b5fb6577ca88b375ebea | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-6093ebde62cb84552dd0 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-5f85466dc663205c60f9 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-056r-9000000000-fb233b42b45077d2475d | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-06tf-9000000000-868a329446e04867fc56 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-6245f3456e3558782716 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-722afb6d05d2ca0794f5 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-f6792fcc64ed7bdb2466 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-fbd92a2a1457de08f558 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01r6-9000000000-ff7708ba70751a23d1eb | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-fd9f25340762315b4515 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-90726b17dc36e29c5299 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-90726b17dc36e29c5299 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Hydroxyurea 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-90726b17dc36e29c5299 | 2021-10-11 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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