Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2021-09-11 09:17:08 UTC |
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Update Date | 2021-09-26 23:03:53 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0251711 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Efaproxiral |
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Description | Efaproxiral, also known as RSR13 CPD or RSR-56, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenoxyacetic acid derivatives. Phenoxyacetic acid derivatives are compounds containing an anisole where the methane group is linked to an acetic acid or a derivative. Efaproxiral (INN) is an analogue of the cholesterol drug bezafibrate developed for the treatment of depression, traumatic brain injury, ischemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes, hypoxia, sickle cell disease, hypercholesterolemia and as a radio sensitiser. This has led World Anti-Doping Agency to categorise efaproxiral under a prohibited method to artificially enhance the uptake, transport or delivery of oxygen. Efaproxiral is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Efaproxiral can be absorbed via transdermal, rectal, inhalation and gastrointestinal routes, though not at plasma concentrations great enough to alter the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve. One use for efaproxiral is to increase the efficacy of certain chemotherapy drugs which have reduced efficacy against hypoxic tumours, and can thus be made more effective by increased offloading of oxygen into the tumour tissues. The increased oxygenation of tissues could theoretically also produce enhanced exercise capacity in feline, rat and canine models for approximately 100 min. immediately after a high dosage 45 min. intravenous infusion. There is no existing evidence that efaproxiral can effectively enhance performance in humans. No benefit was seen for efaproxiral in phase III clinical trials. The chemical is a propanoic acid in the class of amphipathic carboxylic acids. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Efaproxiral is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Efaproxiral is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources. | Read more...
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Structure | CC1=CC(NC(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)C=C2)=CC(C)=C1 InChI=1S/C20H23NO4/c1-13-9-14(2)11-16(10-13)21-18(22)12-15-5-7-17(8-6-15)25-20(3,4)19(23)24/h5-11H,12H2,1-4H3,(H,21,22)(H,23,24) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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RSR-56 | MeSH | RSR-13 | MeSH | RSR13 CPD | MeSH | RSR 56 | MeSH | 2-(4-(2-((3,5-Dimethylphenyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid | MeSH | 2-DACMPP | MeSH | RSR13 | MeSH | RSR 13 | MeSH | 2-{4-[(3,5-dimethylanilino)-carbonyl-methyl]-phenoxy}-2-methylpropionate | Generator | 2-(4-{[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]methyl}phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate | Generator |
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Chemical Formula | C20H23NO4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 341.4009 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 341.162708229 |
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IUPAC Name | 2-(4-{[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamoyl]methyl}phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | efaproxiral |
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CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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SMILES | CC1=CC(NC(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)C=C2)=CC(C)=C1 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C20H23NO4/c1-13-9-14(2)11-16(10-13)21-18(22)12-15-5-7-17(8-6-15)25-20(3,4)19(23)24/h5-11H,12H2,1-4H3,(H,21,22)(H,23,24) |
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InChI Key | BNFRJXLZYUTIII-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenoxyacetic acid derivatives. Phenoxyacetic acid derivatives are compounds containing an anisole where the methane group is linked to an acetic acid or a derivative. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Benzenoids |
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Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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Sub Class | Phenoxyacetic acid derivatives |
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Direct Parent | Phenoxyacetic acid derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Phenoxyacetate
- Phenylacetamide
- Anilide
- Phenoxy compound
- Phenol ether
- N-arylamide
- M-xylene
- Xylene
- Alkyl aryl ether
- Carboxamide group
- Secondary carboxylic acid amide
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Ether
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | Not Available |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | | Show more...
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Efaproxiral,2TMS,isomer #1 | CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C)=C1 | 2561.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Efaproxiral,2TMS,isomer #1 | CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C)=C1 | 2624.2 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Efaproxiral,2TMS,isomer #1 | CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C)=C1 | 3054.8 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Efaproxiral,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 | 3054.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Efaproxiral,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 | 3034.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Efaproxiral,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 | 3244.9 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-05fr-1930000000-8b2b0251748180f0b5ca | 2017-08-28 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-1139000000-701fb4b02dc9cd7c46b4 | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0abd-2492000000-6cef3748f1e5bd23c58a | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-2910000000-4c6f9a760968da515bb6 | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-0119000000-e96b0bc6f201d6f6a30d | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0fdo-0694000000-e02ed98541dea3f0ae47 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-05fs-0910000000-1f4832dd4ea9e7a6bc7f | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-0269000000-932450ec96c381136227 | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0ab9-0920000000-65f8de4d874088e67d8f | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0ac0-0920000000-41e5323bebb6e386ac17 | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0uk9-0890000000-b71a9a17e64b1d888458 | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ul0-0960000000-ed0ab79d53d8752e1680 | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-006t-1910000000-23d87aabd7e36d490e9b | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | None |
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Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | DB08486 |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | Not Available |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Efaproxiral |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 122335 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | Not Available |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]
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