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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 10:39:22 UTC
Update Date2021-09-26 23:05:25 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0252684
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NameGenkwanin
DescriptionGenkwanin, also known as 7-methylapigenin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 7-o-methylated flavonoids. These are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, genkwanin is considered to be a flavonoid. Genkwanin is a bitter tasting compound. Genkwanin has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as common sages (Salvia officinalis), common thymes (Thymus vulgaris), rosemaries (Rosmarinus officinalis), sweet basils (Ocimum basilicum), and winter savories (Satureja montana). This could make genkwanin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Genkwanin is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Genkwanin. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Genkwanin is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Genkwanin is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
5,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavoneChEBI
7-MethylapigeninChEBI
Apigenin 7-methyl etherChEBI
5,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-flavoneMeSH
GengkwaninMeSH
Chemical FormulaC16H12O5
Average Molecular Weight284.2635
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight284.068473494
IUPAC Name5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
Traditional Namegenkwanin
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C=C(OC2=C1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C16H12O5/c1-20-11-6-12(18)16-13(19)8-14(21-15(16)7-11)9-2-4-10(17)5-3-9/h2-8,17-18H,1H3
InChI KeyJPMYFOBNRRGFNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 7-o-methylated flavonoids. These are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassFlavonoids
Sub ClassO-methylated flavonoids
Direct Parent7-O-methylated flavonoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 7-methoxyflavonoid-skeleton
  • 4'-hydroxyflavonoid
  • 5-hydroxyflavonoid
  • Flavone
  • Hydroxyflavonoid
  • Chromone
  • Benzopyran
  • 1-benzopyran
  • Anisole
  • 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Pyranone
  • Phenol
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Pyran
  • Vinylogous acid
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Ether
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP3.39ALOGPS
logP2.85ChemAxon
logS-3.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)8.34ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area75.99 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity77.4 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability28.87 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+168.31430932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-165.95630932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-198.95430932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+174.40730932474
AllCCS[M+H]+164.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+161.032859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+168.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+169.532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-165.832859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-165.132859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-164.432859911

Predicted Retention Times

Underivatized

Chromatographic MethodRetention TimeReference
Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 202213.5473 minutes33406817
Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 20221.16 minutes32390414
Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid2434.8 seconds40023050
Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid351.8 seconds40023050
Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid171.5 seconds40023050
Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid202.6 seconds40023050
RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid481.2 seconds40023050
Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid585.5 seconds40023050
BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid621.9 seconds40023050
HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate)119.7 seconds40023050
UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid1189.3 seconds40023050
BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid470.3 seconds40023050
UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid1434.4 seconds40023050
SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid411.3 seconds40023050
RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid416.8 seconds40023050
MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate403.5 seconds40023050
KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA207.2 seconds40023050
Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water106.8 seconds40023050

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
GenkwaninCOC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C=C(OC2=C1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C14447.2Standard polar33892256
GenkwaninCOC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C=C(OC2=C1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C12929.6Standard non polar33892256
GenkwaninCOC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C=C(OC2=C1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C13060.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB006932
KNApSAcK IDC00001043
Chemspider ID4444936
KEGG Compound IDC10046
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGenkwanin
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5281617
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID75718
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1588971
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]