Hmdb loader
Show more...Show more...Show more...
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 16:59:41 UTC
Update Date2021-10-01 22:52:06 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0256500
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePhthalazine
Descriptionphthalazine, also known as 2,3-benzodiazine or benzopyridazine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phthalazines. Phthalazines are compounds containing a phthalazine moiety, which consists of a benzene ring fused to a pyridazine, forming a 2,3-benzodiazine skeleton. Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on phthalazine. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Phthalazine is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Phthalazine is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
2,3-BenzodiazineChEBI
2,3-DiazanaphthaleneChEBI
Benzo[D]pyridazineChEBI
BenzopyridazineChEBI
beta-PhenodiazineChEBI
b-PhenodiazineGenerator
Β-phenodiazineGenerator
Chemical FormulaC8H6N2
Average Molecular Weight130.15
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight130.053098201
IUPAC Namephthalazine
Traditional Namephthalazine
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
C1=CC=C2C=NN=CC2=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C8H6N2/c1-2-4-8-6-10-9-5-7(8)3-1/h1-6H
InChI KeyLFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phthalazines. Phthalazines are compounds containing a phthalazine moiety, which consists of a benzene ring fused to a pyridazine, forming a 2,3-benzodiazine skeleton.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassDiazanaphthalenes
Sub ClassBenzodiazines
Direct ParentPhthalazines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phthalazine
  • Benzenoid
  • Pyridazine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID8852
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPhthalazine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID36597
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AOX1
Uniprot ID:
Q06278
Molecular weight:
147916.735
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide, N-methylphthalazinium and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6-deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. May be a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. Also may catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production via the reduction of nitrite to NO with NADH or aldehyde as electron donor. May play a role in adipogenesis.
Gene Name:
AOX1
Uniprot ID:
H9TB17
Molecular weight:
145273.855
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide, N-methylphthalazinium and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6-deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. May be a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. Also may catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production via the reduction of nitrite to NO with NADH or aldehyde as electron donor. May play a role in adipogenesis. Cannot use hypoxanthine and all-trans-retinol as substrate.
Gene Name:
AOX1
Uniprot ID:
P80456
Molecular weight:
147137.285
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide, N-methylphthalazinium and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6-deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. Is a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. Also catalyzes nitric oxide (NO) production; under anaerobic conditions, reduces nitrite to NO with NADH or aldehyde as electron donor, but under aerobic conditions, NADH is the preferred substrate. These reactions may be catalyzed by several isozymes. May play a role in adipogenesis.
Gene Name:
AOX1
Uniprot ID:
Q9Z0U5
Molecular weight:
146919.64
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde and retinal.
Gene Name:
AOX2
Uniprot ID:
H9TB19
Molecular weight:
144922.87